{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:01:08Z","timestamp":1793318468924,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,1]],"date-time":"2002-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1014940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Cardiol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-002-0027-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,26]],"date-time":"2007-05-26T09:07:31Z","timestamp":1180170451000},"page":"141-148","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Mechanisms of cardioembolic stroke"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Marco R.","family":"Di Tullio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunichi","family":"Homma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"27_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90174-7","volume":"1","author":"KM Flegel","year":"1987","unstructured":"Flegel KM, Shipley MJ, Rose G: Risk of stroke in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation. Lancet 1987, 1:526\u2013529.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"27_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.22.8.983","volume":"22","author":"PA Wolf","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB: Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke 1991, 22:983\u2013988.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"27_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80348-9","volume":"98","author":"AD Krahn","year":"1995","unstructured":"Krahn AD, Manfreda J, Tate RB, et al.: The natural history of atrial fibrillation: incidence, risk factors and prognosis in the Manitoba Follow-Up Study. Am J Med 1995, 98:476\u2013484.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"27_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.28.10.973","volume":"28","author":"PA Wolf","year":"1978","unstructured":"Wolf PA, Dawber TR, Thomas HE Jr, Kannel WB: Epidemiologic assessment of atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke: the Framingham Study. Neurology 1978, 28:973\u2013977.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"27_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-9-199911020-00010","volume":"131","author":"RG Hart","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hart RG, Halperin JL. Atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism: a decade of progress in stroke prevention. Ann Intern Med 1999, 131:688\u2013695.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"27_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420130036007","volume":"154","author":"A Laupacis","year":"1994","unstructured":"Laupacis A, Boysen G, Connolly S, et al.: Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 1994, 154:1449\u20131457.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"27_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00489-1","volume":"35","author":"RG Hart","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hart RG, Pearce LA, Rothbart RM, et al., for the Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators: Stroke with intermittent atrial fibrillation: incidence and predictors during aspirin therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35:183\u2013187.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03487-3","volume":"348","author":"Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators: Adjusteddose warfarin versus low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin for high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation III randomised clinical trial. Lancet 1996, 348:633\u2013638.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"27_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ACC\/AHA\/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001, 38:1231\u20131265. Extensive review of the state of the art in the management of atrial fibrillation, and guidelines for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and its sequelae.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01587-X"},{"key":"27_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.4.762","volume":"28","author":"T Mooe","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mooe T, Eriksson P, Stegmayr B: Ischemic stroke after acute myocardial infarction. A population-based study. Stroke 1997, 28:762\u2013767.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"27_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90542-8","volume":"24","author":"MM Bodenheimer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bodenheimer MM, Sauer D, Shareef B, et al.: Relation between myocardial infarct location and stroke. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994, 24:61\u201366.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.114.5_Supplement.439S","volume":"114","author":"Fifth ACCP Consensus Conference on Antithrombotic Therapy (1998)","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fifth ACCP Consensus Conference on Antithrombotic Therapy (1998): Summary Recommendations. Chest 1998, 114(suppl):439S-769S. Recommendations for antithrombotic therapy in a variety of diseases, both from therapeutic and preventive standpoints.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"27_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390306","volume":"39","author":"AJ Azar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Azar AJ, Koudstaal PJ, Wintzen AR, et al.: Risk of stroke during long-term anticoagulant therapy in patients after myocardial infarction. Ann Neurol 1996, 39:301\u2013307.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"27_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199706263362615","volume":"336","author":"E Loh","year":"1997","unstructured":"Loh E, Sutton MS, Wun CC, et al.: Ventricular dysfunction and the risk of stroke after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1997, 336:1916\u20131917.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"27_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00019-3","volume":"29","author":"DL Dries","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dries DL, Rosenberg Y, Waclawiw M, Domanski M: Ejection fraction and risk of thromboembolic events in patients with systolic dysfunction and sinus rhythm: evidence for gender differences in the studies of left ventricular dysfunction trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997, 29:1074\u20131080.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00003-5","volume":"31","author":"LS Koniaris","year":"1998","unstructured":"Koniaris LS, Goldhaber SZ: Anticoagulation in dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998, 31:745\u2013748. Review of published data on dilated cardiomyopathy and embolic risk, and efficacy of oral anticoagulation and antiplatelet treatment to decrease the risk.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2001.115790","volume":"142","author":"CH Cabell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cabell CH, Pond KK, Peterson GE, et al.: The risk of stroke and death in patients with aortic and mitral valve endocarditis. Am Heart J 2001, 142:75\u201380.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"27_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90535-H","volume":"18","author":"AJ Sanfilippo","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sanfilippo AJ, Picard MH, Newell JB, et al.: Echocardiographic assessment of patients with infectious endocarditis: prediction of risk for complications. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991, 18:1191\u20131199.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01206-7","volume":"15","author":"G Salvo Di","year":"2001","unstructured":"Di Salvo G, Habib G, Pergola V, et al.: Echocardiography predicts embolic events in infective endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001, 15:1069\u20131076. In 178 patients undergoing TEE for endocarditis, there was a 37% overall incidence of embolic events. Predictors of embolic events were vegetation size (> 10 mm, 60% embolic rate) and mobility (62% embolic rate). Embolic events rate for large (> 15 mm) mobile vegetations was 83%.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512143332407","volume":"333","author":"K Reynan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Reynan K: Cardiac myxomas. N Engl J Med 1995, 333:1610\u20131617.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"27_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2000.00092.x","volume":"7","author":"J Sastre-Garriga","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sastre-Garriga J, Molina C, Montaner J, et al.: Mitral papillary fibroelastoma as a cause of cardiogenic embolic stroke: report of two cases and review of the literature. Eur J Neurol 2000, 7:449\u2013453.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"27_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)00396-8","volume":"25","author":"MF Stoddard","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stoddard MF, Dawkins PR, Prince CR, Ammash NM; Left atrial appendage thrombus is not uncommon in patients with acute atrial fibrillation and a recent embolic event: a transesophageal echocardiographic study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995, 25:452\u2013459.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430200078011","volume":"155","author":"WJ Manning","year":"1995","unstructured":"Manning WJ, Silverman DI, Waksmonski CA, et al.: Prevalence of residual left atrial thrombi among patients with acute thromboembolism and newly recognized atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 1995, 155:2193\u20132198.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"27_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-8-199804150-00005","volume":"128","author":"The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators Committee on Echocardiography","year":"1998","unstructured":"The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators Committee on Echocardiography: Transesophageal echocardiographic correlates of thromboembolism in high-risk patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med 1998, 128:639\u2013647. Aortic plaques, left atrial appendage thrombus, and spontaneous echo-contrast are all associated with increased risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. Warfarin treatment decreases the incidence of events associated with spontaneous echo-contrast and complex aortic plaques.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"27_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2000.106648","volume":"140","author":"WA Jaber","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jaber WA, Prior DL, Thamilarasan M, et al.: Efficacy of anticoagulation in resolving left atrial and left atrial appendage thrombi: a transesophageal echocardiographic study. Am Heart J 2000, 140:150\u2013156.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"27_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105103441901","volume":"344","author":"AL Klein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Klein AL, Grimm RA, Murray RD, et al., for the Assessment of Cardioversion Using Transesophageal Echocardiography Investigators: Use of transesophageal echocardiography to guide cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2001, 344:1411\u20131420. After transesophageal echocardiography excludes the presence of left atrial appendage thrombus, cardioversion for atrial fibrillation can be safely performed without prior 3 weeks of anticoagulation. Embolic events rate is similar (0.8% vs 0.5%), hemorrhagic events are less frequent (2.9% vs 5.5%, P \u2014 0.03).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"27_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90025-6","volume":"24","author":"DY Leung","year":"1994","unstructured":"Leung DY, Black IW, Cranney GB, et al.: Prognostic implications of left atrial spontaneous contrast in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994, 24:755\u2013762.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00643-4","volume":"35","author":"S Sadanandan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sadanandan S, Sherrid MV: Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of left atrial spontaneous echo contrast in sinus rhythm. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35:1932\u20131938.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199201233260402","volume":"326","author":"P Amarenco","year":"1992","unstructured":"Amarenco P, Duyckaerts C, Tzourio C, et al.: The frequency of ulcerated plaques in the aortic arch in patients with stroke. N Engl J Med 1992, 326:221\u2013225.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"27_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199412013312202","volume":"331","author":"P Amarenco","year":"1994","unstructured":"Amarenco P, Cohen A, Tzourio C, et al.: Atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch and the risk of ischemic stroke. N Eng J Med 1994, 331:1474\u20131479.","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"27_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.6.1560","volume":"46","author":"MR Tullio Di","year":"1996","unstructured":"Di Tullio MR, Sacco RL, Gersony D, et al.: Aortic atheromas and acute ischemic stroke: a transesophageal echocardiographic study in an ethnically mixed population. Neurology 1996, 46:1560\u20131566.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"27_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90595-9","volume":"23","author":"PA Tunick","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tunick PA, Rosenzweig BP, Katz ES, et al.: High risk for vascular events in patients with protruding aortic atheromas: a prospective study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994, 23:1085\u20131090.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(00)90243-6","volume":"139","author":"MR Tullio Di","year":"2000","unstructured":"Di Tullio MR, Sacco RL, Savoia MT, et al.: Aortic atheroma morphology and the risk of ischemic stroke in a multiethnic population. Am Heart J 2000, 139:329\u2013336.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"27_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00003-0","volume":"33","author":"E Ferrari","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ferrari E, Vidal R, Chevalier T, Baudouy M: Atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta and aortic debris as a marker of poor prognosis: benefit of oral anticoagulants. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999, 33:1317\u20131322. Oral anticoagulation with warfarin, besides reducing mortality and embolic events rate in patients with mobile aortic plaques, also reduces the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with large (> 4 mm) but noncomplex plaques (antiplatelet agents vs warfarin: 5.9, 95% CI 1.4-15)","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(99)70191-2","volume":"138","author":"A Stern","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stern A, Tunick PA, Culliford AT, et al.: Protruding aortic arch atheromas: risk of stroke during heart surgery with and without aortic arch endarterectomy. Am Heart J 1999, 138:746\u2013752. In 268 patients with large or mobile plaques in the aortic arch undergoing heart surgery, the incidence of intraoperative stroke was high (15.3%). Age (OR 3.9, P = 0.01) and arch endarterectomy (OR 3.6, P = 0.001) were independent predictors of intraoperative stroke.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"27_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198805053181802","volume":"318","author":"P Lechat","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lechat P, Mas JL, Lascault G, et al.: Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. N Engl J Med 1988, 318:1148\u20131152.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"27_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-6-461","volume":"117","author":"M Tullio Di","year":"1992","unstructured":"Di Tullio M, Sacco RL, Gopal A, et al.: Patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. Ann Intern Med 1992, 117:461\u2013465.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"27_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.3.582","volume":"25","author":"S Homma","year":"1994","unstructured":"Homma S, Di Tullio MR, Sacco RL, et al.: Characteristics of patent foramen ovale associated with cryptogenic stroke: a biplane transesophageal echocardiographic study. Stroke 1994, 25:582\u2013586.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"27_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.5.944","volume":"29","author":"MM Steiner","year":"1998","unstructured":"Steiner MM, Di Tullio MR, Rundek T, et al.: Patent foramen ovale size and embolic brain imaging findings among patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke 1998, 29:944\u2013948.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"27_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(95)90212-0","volume":"140","author":"JL Mas","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mas JL, Zuber M, for the French study group on patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm: Recurrent cerebral events in patients with patent foramen ovale or atrial septal aneurysm, or both, and cryptogenic stroke. Am Heart J 1995, 140:1083\u20131088.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"27_CR41","first-page":"57","volume":"15","author":"B Cujec","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cujec B, Mainra R, Johnson DH: Prevention of recurrent cerebral ischemic events in patients with patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic strokes or transient ischemic attacks. Can J Cardiol 1999, 15:57\u201364.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.12.2376","volume":"28","author":"S Homma","year":"1997","unstructured":"Homma S, Di Tullio MR, Sacco RL, et al.: Surgical closure of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic stroke patients. Stroke 1997, 28:2376\u20132381.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"27_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"II 171","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.suppl_2.II-171","volume":"100","author":"JA Dearani","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dearani JA, Ugurlu BS, Danielson JK, et al.: Surgical patent foramen ovale closure for prevention of paradoxical embolism-related cerebrovascular ischemic events. Circulation 1999, 100:II 171\u2013175.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"27_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.8.893","volume":"101","author":"S Windecker","year":"2000","unstructured":"Windecker S, Wahl A, Chatterjee T, et al.: Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale in patients with paradoxical embolism: long-term risk of recurrent thromboembolic events. Circulation 2000, 101:893\u2013898. In 80 patients undergoing transcatheter PFO closure after at least one paradoxical embolic episode, the combined incidence of stroke, TIA, and peripheral embolism was 3.4% per year over a mean follow-up of 1.6 \u00b1 1.4 years.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"27_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00514-3","volume":"35","author":"J Hung","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hung J, Landzberg MJ, Jenkins KJ, et al.: Closure of patent foramen ovale for paradoxical emboli: intermediate-term risk of recurrent neurological events following transcatheter device placement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35:1311\u20131316.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.15.1942","volume":"99","author":"Y Agmon","year":"1999","unstructured":"Agmon Y, Khandheria BK, Meissner I, et al.: Frequency of atrial septal aneurysms in patients with cerebral ischemic events. Circulation 1999, 99:1942\u20131944. In 363 normal subjects and 355 age- and sex-matched patients with cerebral ischemic events undergoing TEE as part of the Stroke Prevention: Assessment of Risk in a Community (SPARC), prevalence of atrial septal aneurysm was 2.2 % and 7.9%, respectively (P \u2014 0.002).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"27_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2785","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.11.2785","volume":"91","author":"A Mugge","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mugge A, Daniel WG, Angermann C, et al.: Atrial septal aneurysm in adult patients. A multicenter study using transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. Circulation 1995, 91:2785\u20132792.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"27_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00315-X","volume":"30","author":"CA Roldan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Roldan CA, Shively BK, Crawford MH: Valve excrescences: prevalence, evolution and risk for cardioembolism. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997, 30:1308\u20131314.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"27_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.11.2185","volume":"28","author":"JK Roberts","year":"1997","unstructured":"Roberts JK, Omarali I, Di Tullio MR, et al.: Valvular strands and cerebral ischemia. Effect of demographics and strands characteristics. Stroke 1997, 28:2185\u20132188.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"27_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.8.1574","volume":"28","author":"A Cohen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cohen A, Tzourio C, Chauvel C, et al.: Mitral valve strands and the risk of ischemic stroke in elderly patients. The French Study of Aortic Plaques in Stroke (FAPS) Investigators. Stroke 1997, 28:1574\u20131578.","journal-title":"Stroke"}],"container-title":["Current Cardiology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-002-0027-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11886-002-0027-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-002-0027-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T23:55:52Z","timestamp":1559433352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11886-002-0027-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}},"alternative-id":["27"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11886-002-0027-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-3782","1534-3170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-3782","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}}}