{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:23:54Z","timestamp":1790533434704,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Cardiol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-006-0038-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,19]],"date-time":"2007-05-19T15:34:44Z","timestamp":1179588884000},"page":"226-231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The frequency, impact, and management of mitral regurgitation in patients with heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Pu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"38_CR1","volume-title":"Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics. 2005 Update","author":"American Heart Association","year":"2005","unstructured":"American Heart Association: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics. 2005 Update. Dallas: American Heart Association; 2005."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"38_CR2","first-page":"6","volume":"23","author":"JB O\u2019Connell","year":"2000","unstructured":"O\u2019Connell JB: The economic burden of heart failure. Clin Cardiol 2000, 23(Suppl 3):6\u201310.","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.07.021","volume":"147","author":"TM Koelling","year":"2004","unstructured":"Koelling TM, Chen RS, Lubwama RN, et al.: The expanding national burden of heart failure in the United States: the influence of heart failure in women. Am Heart J 2004, 147:74\u201378.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"38_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)03301-5","volume":"91","author":"BH Trichon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Trichon BH, Felker GM, Shaw LK, et al.: Relation of frequency and severity of mitral regurgitation to survival among patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2003, 91:538\u2013543.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.12.069","volume":"45","author":"PA Grayburn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Grayburn PA, Appleton CP, DeMaria AN, et al., BEST Trial Echocardiographic Substudy investigators: Echocardiographic predictors of morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced heart failure: the Beta-blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST). J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 45:1064\u20131071.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2002.123575","volume":"144","author":"TM Koelling","year":"2002","unstructured":"Koelling TM, Aaronson KD, Cody RJ, et al.: Prognostic significance of mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Am Heart J 2002, 144:524\u2013529.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"38_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(98)70282-X","volume":"115","author":"SF Bolling","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bolling SF, Pagani FD, Deeb GM, Bach DS: Intermediate-term outcome of mitral reconstruction in cardiomyopathy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998, 115:381\u2013386.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl II","key":"38_CR8","first-page":"II124","volume":"98","author":"FY Chen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chen FY, Adams DH, Aranki SF, et al.: Mitral valve repair in cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1998, 98(Suppl II): II124-II127.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"38_CR9","first-page":"477","volume":"45","author":"DL Ngaage","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ngaage DL, Schaff HV: Mitral valve surgery in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2004, 45:477\u2013486.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)"},{"key":"38_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.09.073","volume":"45","author":"AH Wu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wu AH, Aaronson KD, Bolling SF, et al.: Impact of mitral valve annuloplasty on mortality risk in patients with mitral regurgitation and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 45:381\u2013387. This study reported the largest experience of mitral valve annuloplasty in patients with severe LV dysfunction, including a control group. There was no clearly demonstrable mortality benefit in the surgical group, irrespective of heart failure etiology, ischemic, or nonischemic cardiomyopathy.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.08.023","volume":"46","author":"SA Hunt","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, et al.: ACC\/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 46:1116\u20131143.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.486720","volume":"112","author":"RA Levine","year":"2005","unstructured":"Levine RA, Schwammenthal E: Ischemic mitral regurgitation on the threshold of a solution: from paradoxes to unifying concepts. Circulation 2005, 112:745\u2013758. This article comprehensively reviews ischemic mitral regurgitation, particularly focusing on the mechanisms of the tethering.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"38_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)03172-7","volume":"91","author":"JD Robbins","year":"2003","unstructured":"Robbins JD, Maniar PB, Cotts, et al.: Prevalence and severity of mitral regurgitaiton n chronic systolic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2003, 91:360\u2013362.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151097.30779.04","volume":"111","author":"F Bursi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bursi F, Enriquez-Sarano M, Nkomo V T, et al.: Heart failure and death after myocardial infarction in the community: the emerging role of mitral regurgitation. Circulation 2005, 111:295\u2013301.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"38_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.10.030","volume":"45","author":"F Grigioni","year":"2005","unstructured":"Grigioni F, Detaint D, Avierinos JF, et al.: Contribution of ischemic mitral regurgitation to congestive heart failure after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 45:260\u2013267.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2003.12.006","volume":"10","author":"JB Patel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Patel JB, Borgeson DD, Barnes ME, et al.: Mitral regurgitation in patients with advanced systolic heart failure. J Card Fail 2004, 10:285\u2013291.","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"38_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.3.827","volume":"96","author":"GA Lamas","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lamas GA, Mitchell GF, Flaker GC, et al.: Significance of mitral regurgitation after acute myocardial infarction. Survival and Ventricular Enlargement Investigators. Circulation 1997, 96:827\u2013833.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"38_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)00516-0","volume":"68","author":"IG Duarte","year":"1999","unstructured":"Duarte IG, Shen Y, MacDonald MJ, et al.: Treatment of moderate mitral regurgitation and coronary disease by coronary bypass alone: late results. Ann Thorac Surg 1999, 68:426\u2013430.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"38_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(03)00902-0","volume":"92","author":"M Pu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pu M, Thomas JD, Gillinov M, et al.: Importance of ischemic and viable myocardium for patients with chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation and left ventricular dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 2003, 92:862\u2013864. This investigation demonstrated the impact of viable myocardium on survival in patients who underwent surgical correction of ischemic MR associated with ischemic cardiomyopathy.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00623-7","volume":"82","author":"AB Levine","year":"1998","unstructured":"Levine AB, Muller C, Levine TB: Effects of high-dose lisinopril-isosorbide dinitrate on severe mitral regurgitation and heart failure remodeling. Am J Cardiol 1998, 82:1299\u20131301.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(00)90036-X","volume":"139","author":"S Capomolla","year":"2000","unstructured":"Capomolla S, Febo O, Gnemmi M, et al.: Beta-blockade therapy in chronic heart failure: diastolic function and mitral regurgitation improvement by carvedilol. Am Heart J 2000, 139:596\u2013608.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"38_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00059-4","volume":"83","author":"BD Lowes","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lowes BD, Gill EA, Abraham WT, et al.: Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular mass, chamber geometry, and mitral regurgitation in chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1999, 83:1201\u20131205.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199611073351902","volume":"335","author":"LH Ling","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ling LH, Enriquez-Sarano M, Seward JB, et al.: Clinical outcome of mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflet. N Engl J Med 1996, 335:1417\u20131423.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"38_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00325-7","volume":"82","author":"MD Tischler","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tischler MD, Rowan M, LeWinter MM: Effect of enalapril therapy on left ventricular mass and volumes in asymptomatic chronic, severe mitral regurgitation secondary to mitral valve prolapse. Am J Cardiol 1998, 82:242\u2013245.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.72.1.63","volume":"72","author":"B Seneviratne","year":"1994","unstructured":"Seneviratne B, Moore GA, West PD: Effect of captopril on functional mitral regurgitation in dilated heart failure: a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. Br Heart J 1994, 72:63\u201368.","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"38_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.116557","volume":"122","author":"AM Gillinov","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gillinov AM, Wierup PN, Blackstone EH, et al.: Is repair preferable to replacement for ischemic mitral regurgitation? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001, 122:1125\u20131141.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"38_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000096051.23734.28","volume":"108","author":"DM Kaye","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kaye DM, Byme M, Alferness C, Power J: Feasibility and short-term efficacy of percutaneous mitral annular reduction for the therapy of heart failure-induced mitral regurgitation. Circulation 2003, 108:1795\u20131797.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"38_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000163547.03188.AC","volume":"111","author":"M Daimon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Daimon M, Shiota T, Gillinov AM, et al.: Percutaneous mitral valve repair for chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation: a real-time three-dimensional echocardiographic study in an ovine model. Circulation 2005, 111:2183\u20132189.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"38_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.07.065","volume":"46","author":"T Feldman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Feldman T, Wasserman HS, Herrmann HC, et al.: Percutaneous mitral valve repair using the edge-to-edge technique: six-month results of the EVEREST Phase I Clinical Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 46:2134\u20132140.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.09.021","volume":"46","author":"LH Cohn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cohn LH: Percutaneous mitral valve repair with the edge-to-edge technique: a surgeon\u2019s perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 46:2141\u20132142. The author discussed percutaneous mitral valve repair technique and compared it with surgical technique.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000065226.24159.E9","volume":"107","author":"MG St.John Sutton","year":"2003","unstructured":"St.John Sutton MG, Plappert T, Abraham WT, et al.: Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation (MIRACLE) Study Group. Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left ventricular size and function in chronic heart failure. Circulation 2003, 107:1985\u20131990.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"38_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02937-6","volume":"41","author":"OA Breithardt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Breithardt OA, Sinha AM, Schwammenthal E, et al.: Acute effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on functional mitral regurgitation in advanced systolic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003, 41:765\u2013770.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.07.036","volume":"44","author":"H Kanzaki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kanzaki H, Bazaz R, Schwartzman D, et al.: A mechanism for immediate reduction in mitral regurgitation after cardiac resynchronization therapy: insights from mechanical activation strain mapping. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004, 44:1619\u20131625.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"38_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.08.037","volume":"46","author":"S Fukuda","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fukuda S, Grimm R, Song JM, et al.: Electrical conduction disturbance effects on dynamic changes of functional mitral regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 46:2270\u20132276.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Current Cardiology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-006-0038-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11886-006-0038-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-006-0038-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T19:56:05Z","timestamp":1559418965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11886-006-0038-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}},"alternative-id":["38"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11886-006-0038-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-3782","1534-3170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-3782","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}}}