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In this review, we cover rationale, existing preclinical and clinical data, and potential future directions for research using such a device.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Recent Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The Vine\u2122 filter was assessed for safety in sheep and in 2 observational human studies, the completed CAPTURE 1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 25) and the ongoing CAPTURE 2 (planned <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 100). CAPTURE 1 has shown high procedural and long-term implant safety. A control group was not available for comparison.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A mechanical filter for permanent stroke prevention can be implanted bilaterally in the common carotid artery safely and efficiently. A randomized trial is planned for 2021 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093500, INTERCEPT) to demonstrate superiority of a filter + anticoagulation strategy over anticoagulation alone in patients at high risk for ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-020-01388-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T09:47:38Z","timestamp":1599731258000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Permanent Bilateral Carotid Filters for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1424-114X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"De Potter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ofer","family":"Yodfat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Shinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avraham","family":"Neta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek Y.","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Neuzil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Veltkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"Connolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"1388_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.05.063","volume":"112","author":"S Colilla","year":"2013","unstructured":"Colilla S, Crow A, Petkun W, Singer DE, Simon T, Liu X. 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Reddy reports stock options in Javelin Medical and Dinova-Hangzhou Nuomao Medtech Co, Ltd. and equity in Surecor. He also reports grant support from Abbott, Boston Scientific and Biosense Webster. He has relationships with other medical companies: Ablacon (Consultant, Equity), Acutus Medical (Consultant, Equity), Affera, (Consultant, Equity), Apama Medical (Consultant, Equity), Aquaheart (Consultant, Equity), Atacor (Consultant, Equity), Autonomix (Consultant, Equity), Axon (Consultant), Backbeat (Consultant, Equity), BioSig (Consultant, Equity), Biotronik, (Consultant), Cardiofocus (Consultant), Cardionomic (Consultant), CardioNXT\/AFTx (Consultant), Circa Scientific, (Consultant, Equity), Corvia Medical (Consultant, Equity), East End Medical (Consultant, Equity), EBR (Consultant), EPD (Consultant, Equity), Epix Therapeutics (Consultant, Equity), EpiEP (Consultant, Equity), Eximo (Consultant, Equity), Farapulse (Consultant, Equity), Fire1 (Consultant, Equity), Impulse Dynamics (Consultant), Javelin (Consultant, Equity), Kardium (Consultant, Equity), Keystone Heart (Consultant, Equity), LuxCath (Consultant, Equity), Manual Surgical Sciences (Equity), Medlumics (Consultant, Equity), Medtronic (Consultant), Middlepeak (Consultant, Equity), Newpace (Equity), Nuvera (Consultant, Equity), Philips (Consultant), Sirona Medical (Consultant, Equity), Stimda (Consultant), Thermedical (Consultant),Valcare (Consultant, Equity), and Vizaramed (Equity).Petr Neuzil reports no conflicts of interest.Roland Veltkamp reports personal fees from Javelin, grants and personal fees from Bayer, grants from Boehringer, grants and personal fees from BMS, grants and personal fees from Pfizer, grants from Daiichi Sankyo, and grants from Biogen.Stuart J. 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