{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:12:16Z","timestamp":1792800736660,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]],"date-time":"2022-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]],"date-time":"2022-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Cardiol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose of Review<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This review will explore the role of cardiac imaging in guiding treatment in the two most commonly encountered subtypes of cardiac amyloidosis (immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis [AL] and transthyretin amyloidosis [ATTR]).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Recent Findings<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Advances in multi-parametric cardiac imaging involving a combination of bone scintigraphy, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging have resulted in earlier diagnosis and initiation of treatment, while the evolution of techniques such as longitudinal strain and extracellular volume quantification allow clinicians to track individuals\u2019 response to treatment. Imaging developments have led to a deeper understanding of the disease process and treatment mechanisms, which in combination result in improved patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The rapidly expanding treatment regimens for cardiac amyloidosis have led to an even greater reliance on cardiac imaging to help establish an accurate diagnosis, monitor treatment response and aid the adjustment of treatment strategies accordingly.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-022-01703-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]],"date-time":"2022-05-07T12:05:08Z","timestamp":1651925108000},"page":"839-850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Imaging-Guided Treatment for Cardiac Amyloidosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Ioannou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian D.","family":"Gillmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1703_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01274-X","volume":"387","author":"AD Wechalekar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wechalekar AD, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN. Systemic amyloidosis. Lancet. 2016;387:2641\u201354.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1703_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2005.10.005","volume":"6","author":"HJ Lachmann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lachmann HJ, Hawkins PN. Systemic amyloidosis. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006;6:214\u201320.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1703_CR3","first-page":"s30","volume":"18","author":"A Martinez-Naharro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martinez-Naharro A, Hawkins PN, Fontana M. Cardiac amyloidosis Clin Med (Lond). 2018;18:s30\u20135.","journal-title":"Cardiac amyloidosis Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"1703_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chacko L, Martone R, Cappelli F, Fontana M. Cardiac amyloidosis: updates in imaging. Curr Cardiol Rep; 2019;21.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-019-1180-2"},{"key":"1703_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.06.053","volume":"68","author":"RH Falk","year":"2016","unstructured":"Falk RH, Alexander KM, Liao R, Dorbala S. AL (light-chain) cardiac amyloidosis: a review of diagnosis and therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68:1323\u201341.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015141744","volume":"277","author":"M Fontana","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fontana M, Banypersad SM, Treibel TA, Abdel-Gadir A, Maestrini V, Lane T, et al. Differential myocyte responses in patients with cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis and light-chain amyloidosis: a cardiac MR imaging study. Radiology. 2015;277:388\u201397.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1703_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2018016402","volume":"2","author":"TP Quock","year":"2018","unstructured":"Quock TP, Yan T, Chang E, Guthrie S, Broder MS. Epidemiology of AL amyloidosis: a real-world study using US claims data. Blood Adv. 2018;2:1046\u201353.","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"1703_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V79.7.1817.1817","volume":"79","author":"RA Kyle","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kyle RA, Linos A, Beard CM, Linke RP, Gertz MA, O\u2019Fallon WM, et al. Incidence and natural history of primary systemic amyloidosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950 Through 1989. Blood. 1992;79:1817\u201322.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1703_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.01285","volume":"38","author":"E Kastritis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kastritis E, Leleu X, Arnulf B, Zamagni E, Cibeira MT, Kwok F, et al. Bortezomib, melphalan, and dexamethasone for light-chain amyloidosis. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38:3252\u201360.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1703_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-620302","volume":"126","author":"G Palladini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Palladini G, Sachchithanantham S, Milani P, Gillmore J, Foli A, Lachmann H, et al. A European collaborative study of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in upfront treatment of systemic AL amyloidosis. Blood. 2015;126:612\u20135.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1703_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Madan S, Kumar SK, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, Hayman SR, Buadi FK, et al. High-dose melphalan and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for light-chain amyloidosis with cardiac involvement. Am J Hematol\u00a02012;119:1117.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-07-370031"},{"key":"1703_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2016.1257986","volume":"23","author":"JD Sipe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sipe JD, Benson MD, Buxbaum JN, Ikeda SI, Merlini G, Saraiva MJM, et al. Amyloid fibril proteins and amyloidosis: chemical identification and clinical classification International Society of Amyloidosis 2016 Nomenclature Guidelines. Amyloid. 2016;23:209\u201313.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"1703_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv338","volume":"36","author":"E Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez E, Gallego-Delgado M, Guzzo-Merello G, de Haro-Del Moral FJ, Cobo-Marcos M, Robles C, et al. Wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis as a cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J. 2015;36:2585\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1703_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pinney JH, Whelan CJ, Petrie A, Dungu J, Banypersad SM, Sattianayagam P, et al. Senile systemic amyloidosis: clinical features at presentation and outcome. J Am Heart Assoc 2013;2.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000098"},{"key":"1703_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-310907","volume":"87","author":"AS Carr","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carr AS, Pelayo-Negro AL, Evans MRB, Laur\u00e0 M, Blake J, Stancanelli C, et al. A study of the neuropathy associated with transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) in the UK. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2016;87:620\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"1703_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2014.102","volume":"28","author":"A Yanagisawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yanagisawa A, Ueda M, Sueyoshi T, Okada T, Fujimoto T, Ogi Y, et al. Amyloid deposits derived from transthyretin in the ligamentum flavum as related to lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Mod Pathol. 2015;28:201\u20137.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"1703_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.9236","volume":"318","author":"HI Geller","year":"2017","unstructured":"Geller HI, Singh A, Alexander KM, Mirto TM, Falk RH. Association between ruptured distal biceps tendon and wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. JAMA. 2017;318:962\u20133.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1703_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2013.845745","volume":"20","author":"AM Arruda-Olson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arruda-Olson AM, Zeldenrust SR, Dispenzieri A, Gertz MA, Miller FA, Bielinski SJ, et al. Genotype, echocardiography, and survival in familial transthyretin amyloidosis. Amyloid. 2013;20:263\u20138.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"1703_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2879","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx350","volume":"38","author":"A Castano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Castano A, Narotsky DL, Hamid N, Khalique OK, Morgenstern R, DeLuca A, et al. Unveiling transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis and its predictors among elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Eur Heart J. 2017;38:2879\u201387.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1703_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890701842988","volume":"40","author":"M Tanskanen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tanskanen M, Peuralinna T, Polvikoski T, Notkola IL, Sulkava R, Hardy J, et al. Senile systemic amyloidosis affects 25% of the very aged and associates with genetic variation in alpha2-macroglobulin and tau: a population-based autopsy study. Ann Med. 2008;40:232\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"1703_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2012.754348","volume":"29","author":"T Coelho","year":"2013","unstructured":"Coelho T, Maurer MS, Suhr OB. THAOS - the Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey: initial report on clinical manifestations in patients with hereditary and wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis. Curr Med Res Opin. 2013;29:63\u201376.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"1703_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01262.x","volume":"255","author":"G Merlini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Merlini G, Westermark P. The systemic amyloidoses: clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms offers hope for more effective therapies. J Intern Med. 2004;255:159\u201378.","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"1703_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rowczenio DM, Noor I, Gillmore JD, Lachmann HJ, Whelan C, Hawkins PN, et al. Online registry for mutations in hereditary amyloidosis including nomenclature recommendations. Hum Mutat 2014;35.","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.22619"},{"key":"1703_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2015.1051219","volume":"22","author":"DR Jacobson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jacobson DR, Alexander AA, Tagoe C, Buxbaum JN. Prevalence of the amyloidogenic transthyretin (TTR) V122I allele in 14 333 African-Americans. Amyloid. 2015;22:171\u20134.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"1703_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx043","volume":"38","author":"E Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez E, Gagliardi C, Dominguez F, Quarta CC, de Haro-Del Moral FJ, Milandri A, et al. Clinical characteristics of wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: disproving myths. Eur Heart J. 2017;38:1895\u2013904.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1703_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zadok OIB, Eisen A, Shapira Y, Monakier D, Iakobishvili Z, Schwartzenberg S, et al. Natural history and disease progression of early cardiac amyloidosis evaluated by echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 2020;133:126\u201333.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.07.050"},{"key":"1703_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz905","volume":"41","author":"L Chacko","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chacko L, Martone R, Bandera F, Lane T, Martinez-Naharro A, Boldrini M, et al. Echocardiographic phenotype and prognosis in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Eur Heart J. 2020;41:1439\u20131447a.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1703_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bandera F, Martone R, Chacko L, Ganesananthan S, Gilbertson JA, Ponticos M, et al. Clinical importance of left atrial infiltration in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging; 2021; S1936\u2013878X(21)00512-X.","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeaa356.176"},{"key":"1703_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riffel JH, Mereles D, Emami M, Korosoglou G, Kristen AV, Aurich M, et al. Prognostic significance of semiautomatic quantification of left ventricular long axis shortening in systemic light-chain amyloidosis. Amyloid\u00a02015;22:45\u201353.","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2014.992515"},{"key":"1703_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"S Cicco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cicco S, Solimando AG, Buono R, Susca N, Inglese G, Melaccio A, et al. Right heart changes impact on clinical phenotype of amyloid cardiac involvement: a single centre study. Life (Basel). 2020;10:1\u201319.","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"1703_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302353","volume":"98","author":"D Phelan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Phelan D, Collier P, Thavendiranathan P, Popovi\u0107 ZB, Hanna M, Plana JC, et al. Relative apical sparing of longitudinal strain using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. Heart. 2012;98:1442\u20138.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"1703_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.07.007","volume":"12","author":"C Rapezzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rapezzi C, Fontana M. Relative left ventricular apical sparing of longitudinal strain in cardiac amyloidosis: is it just amyloid infiltration? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12:1174\u20136.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000152819.97857.9D","volume":"111","author":"AM Maceira","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maceira AM, Joshi J, Prasad SK, Moon JC, Perugini E, Harding I, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation. 2005;111:186\u201393.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1703_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao L, Tian Z, Fang Q. Diagnostic accuracy of cardiovascular magnetic resonance for patients with suspected cardiac amyloidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016;16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-016-0311-6"},{"key":"1703_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016567","volume":"132","author":"M Fontana","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fontana M, Pica S, Reant P, Abdel-Gadir A, Treibel TA, Banypersad SM, et al. Prognostic value of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation. 2015;132:1570\u20139.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1703_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2012.11.013","volume":"6","author":"TD Karamitsos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karamitsos TD, Piechnik SK, Banypersad SM, Fontana M, Ntusi NB, Ferreira VM, et al. Noncontrast T1 mapping for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6:488\u201397.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2013.10.008","volume":"7","author":"M Fontana","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fontana M, Banypersad SM, Treibel TA, Maestrini V, Sado DM, White SK, et al. Native T1 mapping in transthyretin amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7:157\u201365.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"1703_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.03.026","volume":"13","author":"A Baggiano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baggiano A, Boldrini M, Martinez-Naharro A, Kotecha T, Petrie A, Rezk T, et al. Noncontrast magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;13(1 Pt 1):69\u201380.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.05.053","volume":"70","author":"A Martinez-Naharro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martinez-Naharro A, Treibel TA, Abdel-Gadir A, Bulluck H, Zumbo G, Knight DS, et al. Magnetic resonance in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70:466\u201377.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.02.016","volume":"12","author":"DS Knight","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knight DS, Zumbo G, Barcella W, Steeden JA, Muthurangu V, Martinez-Naharro A, et al. Cardiac structural and functional consequences of amyloid deposition by cardiac magnetic resonance and echocardiography and their prognostic roles. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;12:823\u201333.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.03.010","volume":"13","author":"JA Pan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan JA, Kerwin MJ, Salerno M. Native T1 mapping, extracellular volume mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement in cardiac amyloidosis: a meta-analysis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;13:1299\u2013310.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chacko L, Boldrini M, Martone R, Law S, Martinez-Naharrro A, Hutt DF, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance-derived extracellular volume mapping for the quantification of hepatic and splenic amyloid. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021 Apr 20:CIRCIMAGING121012506.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.121.012506"},{"key":"1703_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.03.536","volume":"71","author":"T Kotecha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kotecha T, Martinez-Naharro A, Treibel TA, Francis R, Nordin S, Abdel-Gadir A, et al. Myocardial edema and prognosis in amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71:2919\u201331.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.05.073","volume":"46","author":"E Perugini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Perugini E, Guidalotti PL, Salvi F, Cooke RMT, Pettinato C, Riva L, et al. Noninvasive etiologic diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis using 99mTc-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid scintigraphy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:1076\u201384.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jew325","volume":"18","author":"DF Hutt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hutt DF, Fontana M, Burniston M, Quigley AM, Petrie A, Ross JC, et al. Prognostic utility of the Perugini grading of 99mTc-DPD scintigraphy in transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis and its relationship with skeletal muscle and soft tissue amyloid. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18:1344\u201350.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021612","volume":"133","author":"JD Gillmore","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gillmore JD, Maurer MS, Falk RH, Merlini G, Damy T, Dispenzieri A, et al. Nonbiopsy diagnosis of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. Circulation. 2016;133:2404\u201312.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1703_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.03.020","volume":"13","author":"PR Scully","year":"2020","unstructured":"Scully PR, Morris E, Patel KP, Treibel TA, Burniston M, Klotz E, et al. DPD quantification in cardiac amyloidosis: a novel imaging biomarker. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;13:1353\u201363.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3446","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113446","volume":"9","author":"T Wollenweber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wollenweber T, Rettl R, Kretschmer-Chott E, Rasul S, Kulterer O, Rainer E, et al. In vivo quantification of myocardial amyloid deposits in patients with suspected transthyretin-related amyloidosis (ATTR). J Clin Med. 2020;9:3446.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"1703_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-05144-8","volume":"48","author":"V L\u00f6fbacka","year":"2021","unstructured":"L\u00f6fbacka V, Axelsson J, Pilebro B, Suhr OB, Lindqvist P, Sundstr\u00f6m T. Cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis 99mTc-DPD SPECT correlates with strain echocardiography and biomarkers. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021;48:1822\u201332.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.111.102053","volume":"54","author":"G Antoni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Antoni G, Lubberink M, Estrada S, Axelsson J, Carlson K, Lindsj\u00f6 L, et al. In vivo visualization of amyloid deposits in the heart with 11C-PIB and PET. J Nucl Med. 2013;54:213\u201320.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"1703_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-014-2787-6","volume":"41","author":"S Dorbala","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dorbala S, Vangala D, Semer J, Strader C, Bruyere JR Jr, Di Carli MF, et al. Imaging cardiac amyloidosis: a pilot study using 18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014;41:1652\u201362.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-019-01372-7","volume":"33","author":"S Dietemann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dietemann S, Nkoulou R. Amyloid PET imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: a pilot study using 18F-flutemetamol positron emission tomography. Ann Nucl Med. 2019;33:624\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"key":"1703_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.02.023","volume":"13","author":"S Rosengren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rosengren S, Skibsted Clemmensen T, Tolbod L, Granstam SO, Eiskj\u00e6r H, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of [11C]PIB positron emission tomography for detection of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;13:1337\u201347.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.05.031","volume":"14","author":"D Genovesi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Genovesi D, Vergaro G, Giorgetti A, Marzullo P, Scipioni M, Santarelli MF, et al. [18F]-Florbetaben PET\/CT for differential diagnosis among cardiac immunoglobulin light chain, transthyretin amyloidosis, and mimicking conditions. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021;14:246\u201355.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04290-y","volume":"46","author":"M Kircher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kircher M, Ihne S, Brumberg J, Morbach C, Knop S, Kort\u00fcm KM, et al. Detection of cardiac amyloidosis with 18F-Florbetaben-PET\/CT in comparison to echocardiography, cardiac MRI and DPD-scintigraphy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019;46:1407\u201316.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.11.037","volume":"75","author":"SP Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee SP, Suh HY, Park S, Oh S, Kwak SG, Kim HM, et al. Pittsburgh B compound positron emission tomography in patients with AL cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75:380\u201390.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-018-1365-x","volume":"27","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim YJ, Ha S, Kim YI. Cardiac amyloidosis imaging with amyloid positron emission tomography: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nucl Cardiol. 2020;27:123\u201332.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1805689","volume":"379","author":"MS Maurer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maurer MS, Schwartz JH, Gundapaneni B, Elliott PM, Merlini G, Waddington-Cruz M, et al. Tafamidis treatment for patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:1007\u201316.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1703_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adams D, Gonzalez-Duarte A, O\u2019Riordan WD, Yang C-C, Ueda M, Kristen A, et al. Patisiran, an RNAi therapeutic, for hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:11\u201321.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716153"},{"key":"1703_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.283815","volume":"310","author":"JL Berk","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berk JL, Suhr OB, Obici L, Sekijima Y, Zeldenrust SR, Yamashita T, et al. Repurposing diflunisal for familial amyloid polyneuropathy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;310:2658\u201367.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1703_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenblum H, Castano A, Alvarez J, Goldsmith J, Helmke S, Maurer MS. TTR (transthyretin) stabilizers are associated with improved survival in patients with TTR cardiac amyloidosis. Circ Heart Fail. 2018;11.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004769"},{"key":"1703_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koyama J, Minamisawa M, Sekijima Y, Ikeda S ichi, Kozuka A, Ebisawa S, et al. Left ventricular deformation and torsion assessed by speckle-tracking echocardiography in patients with mutated transthyretin-associated cardiac amyloidosis and the effect of diflunisal on myocardial function. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. 2015;9:1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2015.07.010"},{"key":"1703_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2019.11.024","volume":"26","author":"G Lohrmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lohrmann G, Pipilas A, Mussinelli R, Gopal DM, Berk JL, Connors LH, et al. Stabilization of cardiac function with diflunisal in transthyretin (ATTR) cardiac amyloidosis. J Card Fail. 2020;26:753\u20139.","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"1703_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shintani Y, Okada A, Morita Y, Hamatani Y, Amano M, Takahama H, et al. Monitoring treatment response to tafamidis by serial native T1 and extracellular volume in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Failure. 2019;6:232.","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12382"},{"key":"1703_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035831","volume":"139","author":"SD Solomon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Solomon SD, Adams D, Kristen A, Grogan M, Gonz\u00e1lez-Duarte A, Maurer MS, et al. Effects of patisiran, an RNA interference therapeutic, on cardiac parameters in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis: analysis of the APOLLO study. Circulation. 2019;139:431\u201343.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1703_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.07.043","volume":"14","author":"M Fontana","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Fontana M, Martinez-Naharro A, Chacko L, Rowczenio D, Gilbertson JA, Whelan CJ, et al. Reduction in CMR derived extracellular volume with patisiran indicates cardiac amyloid regression. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021;14:189\u201399. This study demonstrates a reduction in CMR-derived ECV in response to patisiran therapy in patients with ATTR-CA.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716793","volume":"379","author":"MD Benson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benson MD, Waddington-Cruz M, Berk JL, Polydefkis M, Dyck PJ, Wang AK, et al. Inotersen treatment for patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:22\u201331.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1703_CR68","first-page":"219","volume":"24","author":"MD Benson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Benson MD, Dasgupta NR, Rissing SM, Smith J, Feigenbaum H. Safety and efficacy of a TTR specific antisense oligonucleotide in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. Amyloid. 2017;24:219\u201325.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"1703_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2019.1685487","volume":"27","author":"NR Dasgupta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dasgupta NR, Rissing SM, Smith J, Jung J, Benson MD. Inotersen therapy of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. Amyloid. 2020;27:52\u20138.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"1703_CR70","unstructured":"Efficacy and safety of AG10 in subjects with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03860935"},{"key":"1703_CR71","unstructured":"HELIOS-B: a study to evaluate vutrisiran in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04153149"},{"key":"1703_CR72","unstructured":"A study of PRX004 in subjects with amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03336580"},{"key":"1703_CR73","unstructured":"Study to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of NTLA-2001 in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv-PN) - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04601051"},{"key":"1703_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107454","volume":"385","author":"JD Gillmore","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gillmore JD, Gane E, Taubel J, Kao J, Fontana M, et al. CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo gene editing for transthyretin amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:493\u2013502.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1703_CR75","unstructured":"A study of daratumumab monotherapy in previously untreated patients with stage 3B light chain (AL) amyloidosis \u2013 Full Text View \u2013 ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04131309"},{"key":"1703_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2017.07.025","volume":"120","author":"M Tuzovic","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tuzovic M, Kobayashi Y, Wheeler M, Barrett C, Liedtke M, Lafayette R, et al. Functional cardiac recovery and hematologic response to chemotherapy in patients with light-chain amyloidosis (from the Stanford University Amyloidosis Registry). Am J Cardiol. 2017;120:1381\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jew298","volume":"18","author":"F Salinaro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salinaro F, Meier-Ewert HK, Miller EJ, Pandey S, Sanchorawala V, Berk JL, et al. Longitudinal systolic strain, cardiac function improvement, and survival following treatment of light-chain (AL) cardiac amyloidosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18:1057\u201364.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Cohen OC, Ismael A, Pawarova B, Manwani R, Ravichandran S, Law S, et al. Longitudinal strain is an independent predictor of survival and response to therapy in patients with systemic AL amyloidosis. Eur Heart J. 2021:ehab507. This study provides evidence of longitudinal strain being an important predictor of survival that improves in response to treatment in patients with AL-CA.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab507"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1703_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2011.574354048","volume":"18","author":"HK Meier-Ewert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meier-Ewert HK, Sanchorawala V, Berk J, Finn KT, Skinner M, Seldin DC, et al. Regression of cardiac wall thickness following chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation for light chain (AL) amyloidosis. Amyloid. 2011;18(Suppl 1):130\u20131.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"1703_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-07-370031","volume":"119","author":"S Madan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Madan S, Kumar SK, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, Hayman SR, Buadi FK, et al. High-dose melphalan and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for light-chain amyloidosis with cardiac involvement. Blood. 2012;119:1117\u201322.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1703_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.08.017","volume":"31","author":"SC Pun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pun SC, Landau HJ, Riedel ER, Jordan J, Yu AF, Hassoun H, et al. Prognostic and added value of 2D global longitudinal strain for prediction of survival in patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis undergoing autologous hematopoietic cell transplant. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2018;31:64\u201370.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"1703_CR82","first-page":"459","volume":"22","author":"IC Hwang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hwang IC, Koh Y, Park JB, Yoon YE, Kim HL, Kim HK, et al. Time trajectory of cardiac function and its relation with survival in patients with light-chain cardiac amyloidosis. Eur Heart J. 2021;22:459\u201369.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1703_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2022 Martinez-Naharro A, Abdel-Gadir A, Treibel TA, Zumbo G, Knight DS, Rosmini S, et al. CMR-verified regression of cardiac AL amyloid after chemotherapy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging; 2018;11:152\u20134. This study provides evidence of CMR-derived ECV regression in response to chemotherapy in patients with AL-CA.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.02.012"},{"key":"1703_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.121.009025","volume":"14","author":"RK Patel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patel RK, Fontana M, Ruberg FL. Cardiac amyloidosis: multimodal imaging of disease activity and response to treatment. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021;14:542\u201356.","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"1703_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038169","volume":"140","author":"T Lane","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lane T, Fontana M, Martinez-Naharro A, Quarta CC, Whelan CJ, Petrie A, et al. Natural history, quality of life, and outcome in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. Circulation. 2019;140:16\u201326.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1703_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2019-316033","volume":"106","author":"A de Marvao","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Marvao A, Dawes TJW, Howard JP, O\u2019Regan DP. Artificial intelligence and the cardiologist: what you need to know for 2020. Heart. 2020;106:399\u2013400.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"1703_CR87","unstructured":"Howard JP, Francis DP. Machine learning with convolutional neural networks for clinical cardiologists. Heart; 2021; :heartjnl-2020\u2013318686."},{"key":"1703_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.12.054","volume":"73","author":"D Dey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dey D, Slomka PJ, Leeson P, Comaniciu D, Shrestha S, Sengupta PP, et al. Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular imaging: JACC state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:1317\u201335.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1703_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2021.05.010","volume":"34","author":"I Karagodin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karagodin I, Carvalho Singulane C, Woodward GM, Xie M, Tucay ES, Tude Rodrigues AC, et al. Echocardiographic correlates of in-hospital death in patients with acute COVID-19 infection: the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography (WASE-COVID) study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2021;34:819\u201330.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"}],"container-title":["Current Cardiology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-022-01703-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11886-022-01703-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-022-01703-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T21:21:05Z","timestamp":1666646465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11886-022-01703-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1703"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11886-022-01703-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-3782","1534-3170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-3782","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 April 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"Julian Gillmore reports expert advisory roles for IONIS, Eidos, Intellia, Alnylam and Pfizer. Marianna Fontana reports consulting income from Intellia, Novo-Nordisk, Pfizer, Eidos, Prothena, Akcea, Alnylam, Caleum, Alexion and Jennsen, and her institution received clinical trial funding from Pfizer, Eidos and Alnylam. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent"}}]}}