{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T11:11:58Z","timestamp":1770289918338,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Cardiol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-023-01875-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T09:02:56Z","timestamp":1681462976000},"page":"571-576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Correlation Between Cardiovascular Protection and Influenza Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Chinedu J.","family":"Ngwudike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8861-4055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arlette","family":"Villalobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1875_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Lu PJ, Hung MC, Srivastav A, Grohskopf LA, Kobayashi M, Harris AM, et al. Surveillance of vaccination coverage among adult population \u2014 United States, 2018. MMWR. Surveillance Summaries; 202;2021;70:1\u201326.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.ss7003a1. This Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report mentions the importance of maintaining update with vaccines as there are still a significant number of adults unprotected against vaccine-preventable diseases.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7003a1"},{"key":"1875_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12486","volume":"12","author":"MA Rolfes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rolfes MA, Foppa IM, Garg S, Flannery B, Brammer L, Singleton JA, et al. Annual estimates of the burden of seasonal influenza in the United States: a tool for strengthening influenza surveillance and preparedness. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2018;12:132\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.12486.","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"key":"1875_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Grohskopf LA, Sokolow LZ, Broder KR, Walter EB, Fry AM, Jernigan DB. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices\u2014 United States, 2018\u201319 Influenza Season. MMWR. Recommendations and Reports; 2018;67:1\u201320.\u00a0\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.rr6703a1.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6703a1"},{"key":"1875_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Merced-Morales A, Daly P, Abd Elal Al, et al. Influenza activity and composition of the 2022\u201323 influenza vaccine \u2014 United States, 2021\u201322 Season. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:913\u2013919.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm7129a1.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7129a1"},{"key":"1875_CR5","unstructured":"Center for Disease Control. 2022\u20132023 Preliminary In-Season Burden Estimate. 2023. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/about\/burden\/preliminary-in-season-estimates.htm. Accessed 10 Jan 2023."},{"key":"1875_CR6","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Influenza Update N\u00b0 435. 2022. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/influenza-update-n-435. Accessed 20 Jan 2023"},{"key":"1875_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33293-2","volume":"391","author":"AD Iuliano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iuliano AD, Roguski KM, Chang HH, Muscatello DJ, Palekar R, Tempia S, et al. Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study. The Lancet. 2018;391:1285\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33293-2.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"1875_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Ma J, Mena M, Mandania R, A, Ghosh A, Dodoo C, Dwivedi A, K, Mukherjee D. Associations between combined influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia vaccination and cardiovascular outcomes. Cardiology 2021;146:772\u2013780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000519469. This study included 22,634,643 hospitalizations in which 705,051 received the influenza vaccine. Influenza vaccination was associated with lower MI, TIA, cardiac arrest, stroke, and overall mortality.","DOI":"10.1159\/000519469"},{"key":"1875_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-1509","volume":"173","author":"EJ Chow","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Chow EJ, Rolfes MA, O\u2019Halloran A, et al. Acute cardiovascular events associated with influenza in hospitalized adults: a cross-sectional study. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173:605\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M20-1509. There was a total of 89,999 adults with laboratory-confirmed influenza in which only 80,261 had completed medical records and ICD codes, and 11.7% had an acute cardiovascular event.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1875_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kwong JC, Schwartz KL, Campitelli MA, Chung H, Crowcroft NS, Karnauchow T, et al. Acute myocardial infarction after laboratory-confirmed influenza infection. New England Journal of Medicine; 2018;378:345\u201353.\u00a0\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1702090.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1702090"},{"key":"1875_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Behrouzi B, Bhatt DL, Cannon CP, Vardeny O, Lee DS, Solomon SD, et al. Association of influenza vaccination with cardiovascular risk. JAMA Network Open; 2022;5:e228873. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.8873. This meta-analysis of several randomized controlled trials included 9001 patients where influenza vaccine was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.8873"},{"key":"1875_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057042","volume":"144","author":"O Fr\u00f6bert","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u2022 Fr\u00f6bert O, G\u00f6tberg M, Erlinge D, Akhtar Z, Christiansen EH, Macintyre CR, et al. Influenza vaccination after myocardial infarction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Circulation. 2021;144:1476\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057042. There was a total of 2571 patients who were randomized between October 2016 and March 2020. Influenza vaccination early after an MI or high-risk coronary heart disease resulted in a lower risk of death, MI, stent thrombosis, and overall cardiovascular death at 12 months compared to placebo.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1875_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Mares AC, Mukherjee D. Influenza vaccination in mitigating vascular events and risk. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2022 Dec 29. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36728725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/hco.0000000000001018. This review article covers important results from recent studies about the association of cardiovascular health and influenza vaccine.","DOI":"10.1097\/hco.0000000000001018"},{"key":"1875_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01836-z","volume":"21","author":"A Sen","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Sen A, Bakken IJ, Govatsmark RES, et al. Influenza vaccination and risk for cardiovascular events: a nationwide self-controlled case series study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021;21:31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01836-z. This study included vaccinated Norwegian individuals who have had myocardial infarction, stroke, or pulmonary embolism from May 2009 through September 2010. There was a lower risk for cardiovascular events after influenza vaccine administration.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"1875_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Parekh T, Javed Z, Khan SU, Xue H, Nasir K. Disparities in influenza vaccination coverage and associated factors among adults with cardiovascular disease, United States, 2011\u20132020. Prev Chronic Dis 2022;19:220154.\u00a0\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5888\/pcd19.220154. In this cross-sectional study, 476,227 records of adults were extracted with a self-reported history of cardiovascular disease from January 2011 through December 2020. As a result of existing disparities, it was reported that influenza vaccination rates are still falling behind the national goals.","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd19.220154"},{"key":"1875_CR16","unstructured":"For Clinicians: Vaccination Summary. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/professionals\/vaccination\/vax-summary.htm#vaccinated. Accessed 10 Feb 2023."},{"key":"1875_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Grohskopf LA, Alyanak E, Ferdinands JM, et al. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2021\u201322 influenza season. MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70(No. RR-5):1\u201328. DOI:\u00a0\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.rr7005a1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7005a1"},{"key":"1875_CR18","unstructured":"Make a strong flu vaccine recommendation. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/professionals\/vaccination\/flu-vaccine-recommendation.htm. Accessed 13 Feb 2023."},{"key":"1875_CR19","unstructured":"Heart Disease & Stroke. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/highrisk\/heartdisease.htm. Accessed 15 Feb 2023."},{"key":"1875_CR20","unstructured":"Partnering for Vaccine Equity. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/health-equity\/index.html. Accessed 17 Feb 2023."},{"key":"1875_CR21","unstructured":"King SC, Fiebelkorn AP, Sperling LS. Influenza vaccination: proven and effective cardiovascular disease prevention. American College of Cardiology. 2020. https:\/\/www.acc.org\/latest-in-cardiology\/articles\/2020\/11\/02\/14\/42\/influenza-vaccination-proven-and-effective-cvd-prevention. Accessed 19 Feb 2023."}],"container-title":["Current Cardiology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-023-01875-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11886-023-01875-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-023-01875-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T15:34:23Z","timestamp":1744212863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11886-023-01875-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1875"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11886-023-01875-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-3782","1534-3170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-3782","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 March 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent"}}]}}