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This has enabled the development of polygenic scores (PGSs), which aim to aggregate the impact of multiple common genetic variants across the genome to provide an overall genetic risk score for disease manifestation and disease severity. In this review, we discuss the latest findings pertaining to GWASs and PGSs for DCM and various ways in which PGSs could improve the management of patients with DCM or risk of developing DCM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2024 the two largest GWAS meta-analyses for DCM were published. Notably, both studies produced PGSs that were able to discriminate healthy subjects from DCM patients which brings promise for potential clinical application of the scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Large-scale GWAS have identified common genetic variants associated with DCM, leading to the development of PGS, which show strong associations with disease risk and hold potential for clinical applications. However, before clinical implementation, further research is needed to explore their utility in real-world settings and across diverse populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-025-02239-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T13:42:30Z","timestamp":1747230150000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Polygenic Risk Scores in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Towards the Future"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Daria R.","family":"Kramarenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean J.","family":"Jurgens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yigal M.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connie R.","family":"Bezzina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad S.","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2239_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2008.06.001","volume":"52","author":"T Kubo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kubo T, Matsumura Y, Kitaoka H, Okawa M, Hirota T, Hamada T, et al. 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Principles and methods for transferring polygenic risk scores across global populations. 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Amin is supported by the EU4H-Programme of the European Union (support for the ERN GUARD-Heart project) and Novo Nordisk, has received consultancy fees from BioMarin and Tenaya Therapeutics, reports speakers\u2019 fees from Bristol Myers Squibb and Pfizer, and has participated on an Advisory Board for Bristol Myers Squibb on mavacamten use in the Netherlands. D.R. Kramarenko and Y.M. Pinto were supported by funding from the PSIDER programme of the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW; project 40-46800-98-018). Y.M. Pinto discloses that he receives fees from spin-off companies that develop therapies for cardiomyopathy and that he is an advisor to Forbion capital (he also has stock and IP rights), a VC investing in life sciences companies, none of which relates to the contents of this review. Y.M. Pinto also reports consulting fees from ARMGO pharma and Phlox Therapeutics. Y.M. Pinto also has patents on shRNAs for dcm. C. Bezzina reports consulting fees from Tenaya Therapeutics, and she is a member of the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Genetics (ECGen) Focus of the European Heart Rhythm Society. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"87"}}