{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:44:12Z","timestamp":1792014252615,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Cardiol Rep"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-026-02434-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:44:27Z","timestamp":1792010667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ramadan Fasting in Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9535-6786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahad","family":"Nourmohammad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0655-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Negar","family":"Sheibani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7192-3917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nima","family":"Ghasemzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9723-0109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amirreza","family":"Naseri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4244-7735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elnaz","family":"Javanshir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7825-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erfan","family":"Banisefid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2434_CR1","unstructured":"Shams P, Malik A, Chhabra L. Heart Failure (Congestive Heart Failure). StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing Copyright \u00a9 2025. StatPearls Publishing LLC. 2025."},{"issue":"18","key":"2434_CR2","first-page":"e895","volume":"145","author":"PA Heidenreich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Allen LA, Byun JJ, Colvin MM, et al. 2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022;145(18):e895\u20131032.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"2434_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000757","volume":"141","author":"SS Virani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020;141(9):e139\u2013596.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2434_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7809611","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7809611","volume":"2021","author":"D A\u011fag\u00fcnd\u00fcz","year":"2021","unstructured":"A\u011fag\u00fcnd\u00fcz D, Acar-Tek N, Bozkurt O. Effect of Intermittent Fasting (18\/6) on Energy Expenditure, Nutritional Status, and Body Composition in Healthy Adults. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021;2021:7809611.","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"2434_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osman F, Haldar S, Henry CJ. Effects of time-restricted feeding during ramadan on dietary intake, body composition and metabolic outcomes. Nutrients. 2020;12(8).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082478"},{"issue":"1","key":"2434_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-020-00534-z","volume":"19","author":"A Tootee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tootee A, Larijani B. Ramadan fasting during Covid-19 pandemic. J Diabetes Metabolic Disorders. 2020;19(1):1\u20134.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metabolic Disorders"},{"issue":"10","key":"2434_CR7","first-page":"987","volume":"19","author":"MH Rouhani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rouhani MH, Azadbakht L. Is Ramadan fasting related to health outcomes? A review on the related evidence. J Res Med sciences: official J Isfahan Univ Med Sci. 2014;19(10):987.","journal-title":"J Res Med sciences: official J Isfahan Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"2434_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966861","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.966861","volume":"9","author":"A Alzhrani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alzhrani A, Alhussain MH, BaHammam AS. Changes in dietary intake, chronotype and sleep pattern upon Ramadan among healthy adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A prospective study. Front Nutr. 2022;9:966861.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"2434_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.09.004","volume":"90","author":"T Reilly","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reilly T, Waterhouse J. Altered sleep\u2013wake cycles and food intake: the Ramadan model. Physiol Behav. 2007;90(2\u20133):219\u201328.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"2434_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-0770.179547","volume":"6","author":"M Chamsi-Pasha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chamsi-Pasha M, Chamsi-Pasha H. The cardiac patient in Ramadan. Avicenna J Med. 2016;6(2):33\u20138.","journal-title":"Avicenna J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2434_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2013.774270","volume":"29","author":"I Salim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salim I, Al Suwaidi J, Ghadban W, Alkilani H, Salam AM. Impact of religious Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of the literature. Curr Med Res Opin. 2013;29(4):343\u201354.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"6","key":"2434_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.012526","volume":"90","author":"J Al Suwaidi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Al Suwaidi J, Bener A, Suliman A, Hajar R, Salam AM, Numan MT, et al. A population based study of Ramadan fasting and acute coronary syndromes. Heart. 2004;90(6):695\u20136.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1","key":"2434_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-024-04325-9","volume":"24","author":"Z Abdulkadir","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdulkadir Z, Sule YO, Shuaibu A, Abiso AM, Damagum FM, Yusuff AA, et al. Effect of fasting on cardiovascular risk factors among healthy adult Muslims attending primary care, Kano, Northern Nigerian. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024;24(1):645.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"issue":"17","key":"2434_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3272","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac013","volume":"118","author":"G Savarese","year":"2022","unstructured":"Savarese G, Becher PM, Lund LH, Seferovic P, Rosano GM, Coats AJ. Global burden of heart failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology. Cardiovascular Res. 2022;118(17):3272\u201387.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Res"},{"key":"2434_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. JBI Manual for evidence synthesis. Available from https:\/\/synthesismanualjbiglobal. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46658\/JBIMES-20-01","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-20-01"},{"key":"2434_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105906","volume":"88","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Int J Surg. 2021;88:105906.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2434_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","volume":"5","author":"M Ouzzani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan\u2014a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Reviews. 2016;5(1):210.","journal-title":"Syst Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"2434_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2018.6.22783","volume":"39","author":"A Al Fagih","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al Fagih A. Effects of Ramadan fasting on the symptoms of chronic heart failure. Saudi Med J. 2018;39(6):632.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"2434_CR19","first-page":"395","volume":"17","author":"F Haloui","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haloui F, Elazaoui N, Habbal R. The effects of ramadan fasting on patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015;17:395.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"10","key":"2434_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.15537\/1658-3175.3155","volume":"26","author":"J Al Suwaidi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Al Suwaidi J, Zubaid M, Al-Mahmeed WA, Al-Rashdan I, Amin H, Bener A, et al. Impact of fasting in Ramadan in patients with cardiac disease. Saudi Med J. 2005;26(10):1579\u201383.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2434_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.15537\/1658-3175.2282","volume":"25","author":"H Chamsi-Pasha","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chamsi-Pasha H, Ahmed WH. The effect of fasting in Ramadan on patients with heart disease. Saudi Med J. 2004;25(1):47\u201351.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"2434_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khafaji HARH, Bener A, Osman M, Al Merri A, Al Suwaidi J. The impact of diurnal fasting during Ramadan on the lipid profile, hs-CRP, and serum leptin in stable cardiac patients. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2011:7\u201314.","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S22894"},{"issue":"4","key":"2434_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2018.4.22011","volume":"39","author":"RM Abazid","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abazid RM, Khalaf HH, Sakr HI, Altorbak NA, Alenzi HS, Awad ZM, et al. Effects of Ramadan fasting on the symptoms of chronic heart failure. Saudi Med J. 2018;39(4):395.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"2434_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104373","volume":"81","author":"S Alam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alam S, Hussain S, Abbas J, Raza MH, Rasool WA, Alsubai AK, et al. Clinical outcomes of fasting in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a prospective analysis. Annals Med Surg. 2022;81:104373.","journal-title":"Annals Med Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2434_CR25","first-page":"215","volume":"34","author":"A Soleymani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Soleymani A, Lotfzadpak S, Behnemoon M, Hajizadeh R, INVESTIGATING THE HOSPITALIZATION RATE DUE TO UNCOMPENSATED HEART, FAILURE IN THE MONTH OF RAMADAN AND THE MONTHS BEFORE AND AFTER IT IN AYATOLLAH TALEGHANI AND SEYED AL-SHOHDAI HOSPITALS, URMIA, IRAN. Stud Med Sci. 2023;34(4):215\u201322.","journal-title":"Stud Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2434_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2003.06.018","volume":"96","author":"J Al Suwaidi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Al Suwaidi J, Bener A, Hajar H, Numan M. Does hospitalization for congestive heart failure occur more frequently in Ramadan: a population-based study (1991\u20132001). Int J Cardiol. 2004;96(2):217\u201321.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2434_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.37616\/2212-5043.1419","volume":"37","author":"AF Alaarag","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alaarag AF, Abou-Omar MAE, Amin OA. The Safety of Ramadan Fasting in Chronic Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction. J Saudi Heart Association. 2025;37(1):3.","journal-title":"J Saudi Heart Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"2434_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2017.1376629","volume":"34","author":"AM Salam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salam AM, Sulaiman K, Alsheikh-Ali AA, Singh R, Asaad N, Al-Qahtani A, et al. Acute heart failure presentations and outcomes during the fasting month of Ramadan: an observational report from seven Middle Eastern countries. Curr Med Res Opin. 2018;34(2):237\u201345.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"5","key":"2434_CR29","first-page":"1250","volume":"31","author":"M Mazidi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mazidi M, Rezaie P, Chaudhri O, Karimi E, Nematy M. The effect of Ramadan fasting on cardiometabolic risk factors and anthropometrics parameters: A systematic review. Pakistan J Med Sci. 2015;31(5):1250.","journal-title":"Pakistan J Med Sci"},{"key":"2434_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El Ghazawi A, Alhareth D, Refaat M. Review on the effects of fasting on cardiac patients. Am Heart J Plus: Cardiol Res Pract. 2025:100620.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahjo.2025.100620"},{"issue":"1","key":"2434_CR31","first-page":"35","volume":"13","author":"S Asgary","year":"2000","unstructured":"Asgary S, Aghaei F, Naderi GA, Kelishadi R, Gharipour M, Azali S. Effects of Ramadan fasting on lipid peroxidation, serum lipoproteins and fasting blood sugar. Med J Islamic World Acad Sci. 2000;13(1):35\u20138.","journal-title":"Med J Islamic World Acad Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2434_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2007.209.211","volume":"6","author":"Y Furuncuoglu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Furuncuoglu Y, Karaca E, Aras S, Yonem A. Metabolic, biochemical and psychiatric alterations in healthy subjects during Ramadan. Pakistan J Nutr. 2007;6(3):209\u201311.","journal-title":"Pakistan J Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"2434_CR33","first-page":"1215","volume":"15","author":"B Mirzaei","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mirzaei B, Rahmani-Nia F, Moghadam MG, Ziyaolhagh SJ, Rezaei A. The effect of ramadan fasting on biochemical and performance parameters in collegiate wrestlers. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2012;15(6):1215\u201320.","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2434_CR34","first-page":"409","volume":"47","author":"V Ziaee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ziaee V, Razaei M, Ahmadinejad Z, Shaikh H, Yousefi R, Yarmohammadi L, et al. The changes of metabolic profile and weight during Ramadan fasting. Singapore Med J. 2006;47(5):409.","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"2434_CR35","first-page":"30","volume":"4","author":"M Nomani","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nomani M, Baloch S, Siddiqui I. Change in serum cholesterollevels and dietary vegetable-fat at restricted energy intake condition during Ramadan fasting. Int J Sci Tech. 1992;4:30\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Sci Tech"},{"key":"2434_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horne BD, Anderson JL, Haddad F, May HT, Le VT, Knight S et al. Periodic fasting and acute cardiac events in patients evaluated for COVID-19: An observational prospective cohort study. Nutrients. 2024;16(13).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16132075"},{"issue":"2","key":"2434_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.15420\/cfr.2015.1.2.90","volume":"1","author":"P Pellicori","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pellicori P, Kaur K, Clark AL. Fluid Management in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Card Fail Rev. 2015;1(2):90\u20135.","journal-title":"Card Fail Rev"},{"key":"2434_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wittczak A, \u015alot M, Bielecka-Dabrowa A. The importance of optimal hydration in patients with heart failure-not always too much fluid. Biomedicines. 2023;11(10).","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11102684"},{"key":"2434_CR39","unstructured":"Taylor K, Tripathi AK. Adult Dehydration. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing Copyright \u00a9 2026. StatPearls Publishing LLC. 2026."},{"key":"2434_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kato NP, Nagatomo Y, Kawai F, Kitai T, Mizuno A. Fluid restriction for patients with heart failure: current evidence and future perspectives. J Pers Med. 2024;14(7).","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14070741"},{"issue":"2","key":"2434_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100079","DOI":"10.5812\/jjcdc.100079","volume":"9","author":"T Darzabi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Darzabi T, Hejazi K. The Effects of Ramadan Fasting on Electrolytes Index, Serum Osmolarity and Body Composition in Fasting and Non-Fasting Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care. 2020;9(2):e100079.","journal-title":"Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2434_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410802614944","volume":"26","author":"Y Zerguini","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zerguini Y, Dvorak J, Maughan RJ, Leiper JB, Bartagi Z, Kirkendall DT, et al. Influence of Ramadan fasting on physiological and performance variables in football players: summary of the F-MARC 2006 Ramadan fasting study. J Sports Sci. 2008;26(Suppl 3):S3\u20136.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2434_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.04.131","volume":"168","author":"AM Salam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salam AM, AlBinali HA, Salim I, Singh R, Asaad N, Al-Qahtani A, et al. Impact of religious fasting on the burden of atrial fibrillation: a population-based study. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(3):3042\u20133.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2434_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(99)00082-0","volume":"70","author":"A Temizhan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Temizhan A, D\u00f6nderici O, Ouz D, Demirbas B. Is there any effect of Ramadan fasting on acute coronary heart disease events? Int J Cardiol. 1999;70(2):149\u201353.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2434_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6610455","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6610455","volume":"2021","author":"S Hammoud","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hammoud S, Saad I, Karam R, Abou Jaoude F, van den Bemt BJF, Kurdi M. Impact of Ramadan Intermittent Fasting on the Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Parameters of Patients with Controlled Hypertension. J Nutr Metab. 2021;2021:6610455.","journal-title":"J Nutr Metab"},{"key":"2434_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.107918","volume":"159","author":"M Almulhem","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almulhem M, Susarla R, Alabdulaali L, Khunti K, Karamat MA, Rasiah T, et al. The effect of Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular events and risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;159:107918.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2434_CR47","first-page":"104373","volume":"81","author":"S Alam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alam S, Hussain S, Abbas J, Raza MH, Rasool WA. Clinical outcomes of fasting in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A prospective analysis. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022;81:104373.","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"key":"2434_CR48","first-page":"7","volume":"8","author":"HA Khafaji","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khafaji HA, Bener A, Osman M, Al Merri A, Al Suwaidi J. The impact of diurnal fasting during Ramadan on the lipid profile, hs-CRP, and serum leptin in stable cardiac patients. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2012;8:7\u201314.","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"2434_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394673","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1394673","volume":"11","author":"R Al-Jafar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Al-Jafar R, Yuqi W, Elliott P, Tsilidis KK, Dehghan A. The dietary changes during Ramadan and their impact on anthropometry, blood pressure, and metabolic profile. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1394673.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"}],"container-title":["Current Cardiology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-026-02434-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11886-026-02434-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11886-026-02434-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:44:30Z","timestamp":1792010670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11886-026-02434-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11886-026-02434-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-3170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-3170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 September 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, according to the declaration of Helsinki (ethics code: IR.TBZMED.VCR.REC.1404.383).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication and consent for participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}}],"article-number":"110"}}