{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T08:52:16Z","timestamp":1781772736594,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":145,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Adelaide University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Diab Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose of Review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) demonstrate a high prevalence of obesity, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality in IBD. This review examines cardiometabolic and obesity screening, and management within IBD models of care to optimise chronic disease management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity prevalence in IBD has increased to 40%. Chronic systemic inflammation driven by visceral adiposity, proinflammatory cytokine production, insulin resistance and vascular endothelial dysfunction represent a unifying mechanism linking IBD, MASLD and CVD. Proactive management of cardiometabolic risk is not prioritised within traditional IBD service models. Therapeutic approaches to manage obesity and lower CVD risk in this cohort with concurrent optimisation of IBD control include dietary and lifestyle intervention through to anti-obesity pharmacotherapy and bariatric procedures. Integrated multidisciplinary models of care that leverage existing infrastructure and shared-care partnerships with primary care, proactive risk identification and management strategies should be adopted within specialist IBD services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As obesity, MASLD and CVD emerge as major contributors of morbidity and mortality in IBD, failure to systematically address cardiometabolic risk represents a critical gap in contemporary IBD care. Embedding proactive screening and multidisciplinary management within existing IBD infrastructure offers immediate actionable opportunity to improve long-term outcomes beyond inflammatory control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-026-01627-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T07:18:47Z","timestamp":1781767127000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beyond Inflammation - A Multidisciplinary Approach to Managing Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk in Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5664-5201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha L.","family":"Plush","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1194-1116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Litwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1999-279X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangwoo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4229-3289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert V.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4003-4411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saravana","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-0680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Kaazan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4905-5056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice S.","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"27","key":"1627_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2652","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2002697","volume":"383","author":"JT Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang JT. Pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(27):2652\u201364.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1627_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482311943","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848231194395","volume":"16","author":"K Bedard","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bedard K, Taylor L, Rajabali N, Kroeker K, Halloran B, Meng G, et al. Handgrip strength and risk of malnutrition are associated with an increased risk of hospitalizations in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Therapeutic Adv Gastroenterol. 2023;16:17562848231194395.","journal-title":"Therapeutic Adv Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"17","key":"1627_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3824","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15173824","volume":"15","author":"M Valvano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Valvano M, Capannolo A, Cesaro N, Stefanelli G, Fabiani S, Frassino S, et al. Nutrition, nutritional status, micronutrients deficiency, and disease course of inflammatory bowel disease. Nutrients. 2023;15(17):3824.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-024-08504-8","volume":"69","author":"M Mahmoud","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mahmoud M, Syn WK. Impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome on IBD outcomes. Dig Dis Sci. 2024;69(8):2741\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-024-08504-8.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e074659","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074659","volume":"14","author":"Z Shen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen Z, Zhang M, Liu Y, Ge C, Lu Y, Shen H, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open. 2024;14(3):e074659.","journal-title":"BMJ open"},{"issue":"15","key":"1627_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318792952","volume":"25","author":"H-H Sun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sun H-H, Tian F. Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018;25(15):1623\u201331.","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1627_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2013.09.021","volume":"8","author":"M Fumery","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fumery M, Xiaocang C, Dauchet L, Gower-Rousseau C, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Colombel J-F. Thromboembolic events and cardiovascular mortality in inflammatory bowel diseases: a meta-analysis of observational studies. J Crohns Colitis. 2014;8(6):469\u201379.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2024.11.002","volume":"57","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Wang Y, Liu S, Zhu S, Li P, Wu S. Mortality risk associated with MASLD, MASLD type and different cardiometabolic risk factors in IBD patients: a long-term prospective cohort study. Dig Liver Dis. 2025;57(3):744\u201352.","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR9","first-page":"712","volume":"20","author":"M Shneyderman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shneyderman M, Freid H, Kohler D, Peraza J, Haskey N, Abbott E, et al. Management of Overweight and Obesity in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;20(12):712.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-317572","volume":"69","author":"O Ol\u00e9n","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ol\u00e9n O, Askling J, Sachs MC, Neovius M, Smedby KE, Ekbom A, et al. Mortality in adult-onset and elderly-onset IBD: a nationwide register-based cohort study 1964\u20132014. Gut. 2020;69(3):453\u201361.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2014.02.015","volume":"8","author":"A Jussila","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jussila A, Virta LJ, Pukkala E, F\u00e4rkkil\u00e4 MA. Mortality and causes of death in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide register study in Finland. J Crohns Colitis. 2014;8(9):1088\u201396.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1627_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjac156","volume":"17","author":"B Follin-Arbelet","year":"2023","unstructured":"Follin-Arbelet B, Cvancarova Sm\u00e5stuen M, Hovde \u00d8, Jelsness-J\u00f8rgensen L-P, Moum B. Mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results from 30 years of follow-up in a Norwegian inception cohort (the IBSEN study). J Crohn\u2019s Colitis. 2023;17(4):497\u2013503.","journal-title":"J Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"1627_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2023.11.012","volume":"122","author":"A Mellemkj\u00e6r","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mellemkj\u00e6r A, Kj\u00e6r MB, Haldrup D, Gr\u00f8nb\u00e6k H, Thomsen KL. Management of cardiovascular risk in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Eur J Intern Med. 2024;122:28\u201334.","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17081369","volume":"17","author":"M Godala","year":"2025","unstructured":"Godala M, Gaszy\u0144ska E, Walczak K, Ma\u0142ecka-Wojciesko E. An Assessment of the Nutritional Status in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease\u2014A Matched-Pair Case\u2013Control Study. Nutrients. 2025;17(8):1369.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1627_CR15","unstructured":"Insight Economics. State of the Nation in Inflammatory bowel disease in Australia: Summary report. Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Australia; 2025. https:\/\/crohnsandcolitis.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/State-of-the-Nation-in-IBD-Report.pdf"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00316-4","volume":"13","author":"F Rubino","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rubino F, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, Cohen RV, Wilding JP, Brown WA, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025;13(3):221\u201362.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11123256","volume":"11","author":"P Kaazan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaazan P, Seow W, Yong S, Heilbronn LK, Segal JP. The impact of obesity on inflammatory bowel disease. Biomedicines. 2023;11(12):3256.","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.018","volume":"152","author":"C Abraham","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abraham C, Dulai PS, Vermeire S, Sandborn WJ. Lessons learned from trials targeting cytokine pathways in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology. 2017;152(2):374-88. e4.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"11","key":"1627_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-021-03968-w","volume":"36","author":"CR Rowan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rowan CR, McManus J, Boland K, O\u2019Toole A. Visceral adiposity and inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2021;36(11):2305\u201319.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-023-01874-4","volume":"22","author":"S He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He S, Huang Y, Peng Y, Chai J, Chen K. Association between body fat composition and disease duration, clinical activity, and intravenous corticosteroid-induced response in inflammatory bowel disease. Lipids Health Dis. 2023;22(1):106.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"1627_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-025-01097-1","volume":"22","author":"GG Kaplan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kaplan GG. The global burden of inflammatory bowel disease: from 2025 to 2045. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025;22(10):708\u201320.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1627_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-025-02230-2","volume":"60","author":"MK Kim","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kim MK, Shin SH, Lee C-H, Kim S, Kim JW, Lee S, et al. Temporal trends in obesity and its prognostic impact in Korean patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Gastroenterol. 2025;60(5):583\u201392.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1627_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun J, Brooks EC, Houshyar Y, Connor SJ, Paven G, Grimm MC et al. Unravelling the Relationship Between Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2025:izaf098.","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaf098"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeab029","volume":"2","author":"H Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu H, Hu T, Hao H, Hill MA, Xu C, Liu Z. Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular diseases: a concise review. Eur Heart J Open. 2022;2(1):oeab029.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Open"},{"key":"1627_CR25","volume":"24","author":"N Cohen-Heyman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cohen-Heyman N, Chodick G. Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in a sex and age-dependent manner: a historical cohort study. Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev. 2025;24:200363.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev"},{"issue":"16","key":"1627_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043430","volume":"352","author":"GK Hansson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(16):1685\u201395.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1627_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000356","volume":"49","author":"A Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim A. Dysbiosis: a review highlighting obesity and inflammatory bowel disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49:S20\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2148-x","volume":"57","author":"H Kayahan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kayahan H, Sari I, Cullu N, Yuksel F, Demir S, Akarsu M, et al. Evaluation of early atherosclerosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2012;57(8):2137\u201343.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-025-00637-9","volume":"14","author":"C Koliaki","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koliaki C, Dalamaga M, Kakounis K, Liatis S. Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): Navigating the Controversies in Disease Development and Progression. Curr Obes Rep. 2025;14(1):46.","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10091192","volume":"10","author":"RV Bryant","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bryant RV, Schultz CG, Ooi S, Goess C, Costello SP, Vincent AD, et al. Obesity in inflammatory bowel disease: gains in adiposity despite high prevalence of myopenia and osteopenia. Nutrients. 2018;10(9):1192.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1627_CR31","unstructured":"Do\u011fan A, Kahraman R, Akar T. Evaluation of insulin resistance and beta cell activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26(11)."},{"key":"1627_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17930","volume":"59","author":"SK Bansal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bansal SK, Bansal MB. Pathogenesis of MASLD and MASH\u2013role of insulin resistance and lipotoxicity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024;59:S10\u201322.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17039","volume":"56","author":"K Rosiou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rosiou K, Carbonell J, Dolby V, Monfared N, Raine T, Selinger CP. Sources of excess steroid prescriptions and clinical adverse outcomes associated with steroid excess in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: the Leeds IBD Steroids study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022;56(3):501\u20139.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"1627_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12312","volume":"9","author":"AI Conklin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Conklin AI, Hong J. Obesity prevention in corticosteroid-treated patients: use and effectiveness of strategies for weight management. Clin Obes. 2019;9(4):e12312.","journal-title":"Clin Obes"},{"key":"1627_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.691480","volume":"12","author":"S Bruscoli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bruscoli S, Febo M, Riccardi C, Migliorati G. Glucocorticoid therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms and clinical practice. Front Immunol. 2021;12:691480.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24129818","volume":"24","author":"D Szukiewicz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Szukiewicz D. Molecular mechanisms for the vicious cycle between insulin resistance and the inflammatory response in obesity. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(12):9818.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003432","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003432","volume":"17","author":"M Pujades-Rodriguez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pujades-Rodriguez M, Morgan AW, Cubbon RM, Wu J. Dose-dependent oral glucocorticoid cardiovascular risks in people with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a population-based cohort study. PLoS Med. 2020;17(12):e1003432.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5628","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-022-07488-7","volume":"67","author":"P Kaazan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaazan P, Tan Z, Maiyani P, Mickenbecker M, Edwards S, McIvor C, et al. Weight and BMI patterns in a biologicals-treated IBD cohort. Dig Dis Sci. 2022;67(12):5628\u201336.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"1627_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105650","volume":"167","author":"AS Day","year":"2021","unstructured":"Day AS, Yao CK, Costello SP, Andrews JM, Bryant RV. Food avoidance, restrictive eating behaviour and association with quality of life in adults with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic scoping review. Appetite. 2021;167:105650.","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2024.03.010","volume":"56","author":"PA Olivera","year":"2024","unstructured":"Olivera PA, Dignass A, Dubinsky MC, Peretto G, Kotze PG, Dotan I, et al. Preventing and managing cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases treated with small-molecule drugs, an international Delphi consensus. Dig Liver Disease. 2024;56(8):1270\u201380.","journal-title":"Dig Liver Disease"},{"issue":"4","key":"1627_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109927","volume":"386","author":"SR Ytterberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ytterberg SR, Bhatt DL, Mikuls TR, Koch GG, Fleischmann R, Rivas JL, et al. Cardiovascular and cancer risk with tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(4):316\u201326.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1627_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110648","volume":"199","author":"K-C Sung","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sung K-C, Yoo TK, Lee MY, Lock JP. Appropriate screening interval to detect the development of chronic metabolic diseases. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2023;199:110648.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"1627_CR43","unstructured":"Preventive N, Practitioners CMCRACG. Guidelines for preventive activities in general practice. Australian Family Physician, vol 2002 May. 2002."},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00138-2","volume":"107","author":"RM Lauer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lauer RM. Role of family history and family testing in cardiovascular risk assessment. Am J Med. 1999;107(2):14\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.12.026","volume":"171","author":"A Brown","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brown A, Carrington MJ, McGrady M, Lee G, Zeitz C, Krum H, et al. Cardiometabolic risk and disease in Indigenous Australians: the heart of the heart study. Int J Cardiol. 2014;171(3):377\u201383.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-020-00532-0","volume":"19","author":"K Osadnik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Osadnik K, Osadnik T, Lonnie M, Lejawa M, Regula R, Fronczek M, et al. Metabolically healthy obese and metabolic syndrome of the lean: the importance of diet quality. analysis of MAGNETIC cohort. Nutr J. 2020;19(1):19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12937-020-00532-0.","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-024-00580-1","volume":"13","author":"K Sweatt","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sweatt K, Garvey WT, Martins C. Strengths and limitations of BMI in the diagnosis of obesity: what is the path forward? Curr Obes Rep. 2024;13(3):584\u201395.","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"652","key":"1627_CR48","volume":"32","author":"L Kalman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kalman L, Raffoul N, Bradburn E, Jennings G, Nelson M. New Australian guideline and calculator for assessing and managing cardiovascular disease risk. Heart Lung Circ. 2023;32(652):10.1016.","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1627_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s1","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-334395","volume":"74","author":"GW Moran","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moran GW, Gordon M, Sinopolou V, Radford SJ, Darie A-M, Vuyyuru SK, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on inflammatory bowel disease in adults: 2025. Gut. 2025;74(Suppl 2):s1\u2013101.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"1627_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2842","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa724","volume":"60","author":"KM Nowak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nowak KM, Rdzanek-Pikus M, Romanowska-Pr\u00f3chnicka K, Nowakowska-P\u0142aza A, Papierska L. High prevalence of steroid-induced glucose intolerance with normal fasting glycaemia during low-dose glucocorticoid therapy: an oral glucose tolerance test screening study. Rheumatology Oxford. 2021;60(6):2842\u201351.","journal-title":"Rheumatology Oxford"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2009.68","volume":"64","author":"R Huxley","year":"2010","unstructured":"Huxley R, Mendis S, Zheleznyakov E, Reddy S, Chan J. Body mass index, waist circumference and waist: hip ratio as predictors of cardiovascular risk\u2014a review of the literature. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;64(1):16\u201322.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"1627_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00619-5","volume":"19","author":"JA Fitzpatrick","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick JA, Melton SL, Yao CK, Gibson PR, Halmos EP. Dietary management of adults with IBD - the emerging role of dietary therapy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19(10):652\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-022-00619-5.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.13054","volume":"36","author":"MC Lomer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lomer MC, Wilson B, Wall CL. British Dietetic Association consensus guidelines on the nutritional assessment and dietary management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2023;36(1):336\u201377.","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jjaf122","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaf122","volume":"19","author":"V Svolos","year":"2025","unstructured":"Svolos V, Gordon H, Lomer MC, Aloi M, Bancil A, Day AS, et al. European Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Organisation consensus on dietary management of inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohn\u2019s Colitis. 2025;19(9):jjaf122.","journal-title":"J Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1627_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20679","volume":"43","author":"LS Hill","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hill LS, Reid F, Morgan JF, Lacey JH. SCOFF, the development of an eating disorder screening questionnaire. Int J Eat Disord. 2010;43(4):344\u201351.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14278","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14278","volume":"34","author":"JE Peters","year":"2022","unstructured":"Peters JE, Basnayake C, Hebbard GS, Salzberg MR, Kamm MA. Prevalence of disordered eating in adults with gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic review. Neurogastroenterology Motil. 2022;34(8):e14278.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterology Motil"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4465-z","volume":"33","author":"JM Nagata","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nagata JM, Garber AK, Tabler JL, Murray SB, Bibbins-Domingo K. Prevalence and correlates of disordered eating behaviors among young adults with overweight or obesity. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33(8):1337\u201343.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"1627_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holland WJ, Raju SA, Newton M, Rej A, Trott N, Ingham KE et al. Prevalence of eating disorder risk in irritable bowel syndrome, coeliac and inflammatory bowel diseases using SCOFF. Frontline Gastroenterol. 2025.","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2024-102869"},{"key":"1627_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1065592","volume":"10","author":"CL Wall","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wall CL, Wilson B, Lomer MC. Development and validation of an inflammatory bowel disease nutrition self-screening tool (IBD-NST) for digital use. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1065592.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2024.07.036","volume":"369","author":"S Garc\u00eda-Mateo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Mateo S, Mart\u00ednez-Dom\u00ednguez SJ, Gargallo-Puyuelo CJ, Villarino MTA, Laredo V, Gallego B, et al. When metabolic comorbidities and risk of malnutrition coexist: The new era of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Med Sci. 2025;369(1):53\u201361.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1627_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x","volume":"88","author":"JB Saunders","year":"1993","unstructured":"Saunders JB, Aasland OG, Babor TF, De la Fuente JR, Grant M. Development of the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II. Addiction. 1993;88(6):791\u2013804.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"5","key":"1627_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.10.004","volume":"31","author":"M Khasawneh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khasawneh M, Spence AD, Addley J, Allen PB. The role of smoking and alcohol behaviour in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;31(5):553\u20139.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1627_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0071-1_3","volume-title":"Global behavioral risk factor surveillance","author":"R Bonita","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bonita R, Winkelmann R, Douglas KA, de Courten M. The WHO Stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) of non-communicable disease risk factors. In: Global behavioral risk factor surveillance. Springer; 2003. p. 9\u201322."},{"key":"1627_CR64","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO STEPS surveillance manual: the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. World Health Organization; 2005."},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-006-0024-x","volume":"14","author":"T Armstrong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Armstrong T, Bull F. Development of the world health organization global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). J Public Health. 2006;14(2):66\u201370.","journal-title":"J Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","volume":"35","author":"CL Craig","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381\u201395.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"1627_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiao R, Zhou Y, Ding T, Jiang X. Fatigue, physical activity, and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study. Int J Gen Med. 2024:49\u201358.","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S440652"},{"issue":"41","key":"1627_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5668","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i41.5668","volume":"29","author":"AG Gravina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gravina AG, Pellegrino R, Durante T, Palladino G, D\u2019Onofrio R, Mammone S, et al. Inflammatory bowel diseases patients suffer from significant low levels and barriers to physical activity: The BE-FIT-IBD study. World J Gastroenterol. 2023;29(41):5668.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13239","volume":"42","author":"P Lunney","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lunney P, Kariyawasam V, Wang R, Middleton K, Huang T, Selinger C, et al. Smoking prevalence and its influence on disease course and surgery in Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015;42(1):61\u201370.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"18","key":"1627_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737","volume":"282","author":"RL Spitzer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Group PHQPCS. Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. JAMA. 1999;282(18):1737\u201344.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"1627_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2023-102403","volume":"14","author":"DA Gomez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gomez DA, Ahmad-Waqar M, Brookes MJ, Kumar A. IBD-related mental health disorders: where do we go from here? Frontline Gastroenterol. 2023;14(6):512\u201320.","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1627_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.09.019","author":"S Rao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rao S, Pandey A, Garg S, Park B, Mayo H, Despres J-P, et al. Effect of exercise and pharmacological interventions on visceral adiposity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term randomized controlled trials. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.09.019.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"10","key":"1627_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.07.003","volume":"41","author":"SC Bischoff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bischoff SC, Barazzoni R, Busetto L, Campmans-Kuijpers M, Cardinale V, Chermesh I, et al. European guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - joint ESPEN\/UEG guideline. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(10):2364\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.07.003.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(25)00198-6","volume":"13","author":"RV Cohen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cohen RV, Prager G, le Roux CW, Lingvay I, Salminen P. International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity statement on metabolic bariatric surgery after pharmacotherapy-induced weight loss in clinical obesity. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2025;13(9):733\u20136.","journal-title":"The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1627_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2022.08.003","volume":"16","author":"TP Markovic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Markovic TP, Proietto J, Dixon JB, Rigas G, Deed G, Hamdorf JM, et al. The Australian Obesity Management Algorithm: A simple tool to guide the management of obesity in primary care. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2022;16(5):353\u201363.","journal-title":"Obes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-017-1582-0","volume":"58","author":"V Rosato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rosato V, Temple NJ, La Vecchia C, Castellan G, Tavani A, Guercio V. Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. European journal of nutrition. 2019;58(1):173\u201391.","journal-title":"European journal of nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-024-00597-6","volume":"14","author":"D Simancas-Racines","year":"2025","unstructured":"Simancas-Racines D, Annunziata G, Verde L, Fasc\u00ec-Spurio F, Reytor-Gonz\u00e1lez C, Muscogiuri G, et al. Nutritional strategies for battling Obesity-Linked liver disease: the role of medical nutritional therapy in metabolic Dysfunction-Associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) management. Curr Obes Rep. 2025;14(1):7.","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"1627_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15695","volume":"51","author":"M Logan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Logan M, Gkikas K, Svolos V, Nichols B, Milling S, Gaya DR, et al. Analysis of 61 exclusive enteral nutrition formulas used in the management of active Crohn\u2019s disease\u2014new insights into dietary disease triggers. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;51(10):935\u201347.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000114","volume":"20","author":"Y Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhu W, Gong J, Zuo L, Zhang W, Gu L, et al. Influence of exclusive enteral nutrition therapy on visceral fat in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20(9):1568\u201374.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"1627_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14389","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14389","volume":"55","author":"A Pasta","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pasta A, Formisano E, Calabrese F, Apollonio M, Demarzo MG, Marabotto E, et al. The use of the Crohn\u2019s disease exclusion diet (CDED) in adults with Crohn\u2019s disease: A randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Invest. 2025;55(6):e14389.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"1627_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.11.028","volume":"129","author":"JG Mancini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mancini JG, Filion KB, Atallah R, Eisenberg MJ. Systematic review of the Mediterranean diet for long-term weight loss. The American journal of medicine. 2016;129(4):407-15. e4.","journal-title":"The American journal of medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093034","volume":"13","author":"M Klonizakis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Klonizakis M, Bugg A, Hunt B, Theodoridis X, Bogdanos DP, Grammatikopoulou MG. Assessing the physiological effects of traditional regional diets targeting the prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials implementing Mediterranean, new Nordic, Japanese, Atlantic, Persian and Mexican dietary interventions. Nutrients. 2021;13(9):3034.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1627_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Constantine-Cooke N, Gros B, Plevris N, Williams LJ, Jones G-R, Kyle J et al. Associations between demographic, clinical and dietary factors and flares in inflammatory bowel disease: the PRognostic effect of Environmental factors in Crohn\u2019s and Colitis (PREdiCCt) prospective cohort study. Gut. 2026.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2025-337846"},{"issue":"7","key":"1627_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10071015","volume":"10","author":"D Ashtary-Larky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashtary-Larky D, Rezaei Kelishadi M, Bagheri R, Moosavian SP, Wong A, Davoodi SH, et al. The effects of nano-curcumin supplementation on risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Antioxidants. 2021;10(7):1015.","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"1627_CR85","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics National Health Survey. (2022). https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/health\/health-conditions-and-risks\/national-health-survey\/latest-release. Accessed 2025."},{"key":"1627_CR86","unstructured":"Australian Government. Physical activity and exercise guidelines for all Australians. editor. Canberra: Australian Government; 2026. Department of Health and Aging."},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.16220","volume":"45","author":"I Alabdul Razzak","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alabdul Razzak I, Fares A, Stine JG, Trivedi HD. The role of exercise in steatotic liver diseases: an updated perspective. Liver Int. 2025;45(1):e16220.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-019-0952-x","volume":"19","author":"O Cronin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cronin O, Barton W, Moran C, Sheehan D, Whiston R, Nugent H, et al. Moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance exercise is safe and favorably influences body composition in patients with quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a randomized controlled cross-over trial. BMC Gastroenterol. 2019;19(1):29.","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-024-01974-3","volume":"48","author":"Y Suematsu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Suematsu Y, Morita H, Abe M, Uehara Y, Koyoshi R, Fujimi K, et al. Differences in the effects of exercise on blood pressure depending on the physical condition of the subject and the type of exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertens Res. 2025;48(2):720\u201332.","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.3202","volume":"176","author":"H-J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang H-J, He J, Pan L-L, Ma Z-M, Han C-K, Chen C-S, et al. Effects of moderate and vigorous exercise on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(8):1074\u201382.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2018.11.001","volume":"62","author":"AS Kumar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumar AS, Maiya AG, Shastry B, Vaishali K, Ravishankar N, Hazari A, et al. Exercise and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals Phys rehabilitation Med. 2019;62(2):98\u2013103.","journal-title":"Annals Phys rehabilitation Med"},{"key":"1627_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Desai A, Khataniar H, Tabaku F, Hashash JG, Farraye FA, Kochhar GS. Efficacy of tirzepatide for weight loss and it\u2019s comparative effectiveness to weight loss surgery in inflammatory bowel disease. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2025:1\u201312.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-025-01835-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae090","volume":"31","author":"A Desai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Desai A, Khataniar H, Hashash JG, Farraye FA, Regueiro M, Kochhar GS. Effectiveness and safety of semaglutide for weight loss in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and obesity. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2025;31(3):696\u2013705.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1627_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Villumsen M, Schelde AB, Jimenez-Solem E, Jess T, Allin KH. GLP-1 based therapies and disease course of inflammatory bowel disease. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;37.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100979"},{"issue":"4","key":"1627_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zraf086","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zraf086","volume":"9","author":"E Stenberg","year":"2025","unstructured":"Stenberg E, Everhov \u00c5H, S\u00f6derling J, Ottosson J, Osooli M, K SsgMPSHNCHCJSHJGOFUM, et al. Outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease in patients with obesity following bariatric surgery: propensity score-matched cohort study. BJS open. 2025;9(4):zraf086.","journal-title":"BJS open"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-022-06376-3","volume":"33","author":"AM Johnson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Johnson AM, Storm AC, Mahmoud T, Ghazi R, Rapaka B, Abboud DM, et al. Endoscopic bariatric therapies for the management of obesity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Obes Surg. 2023;33(2):676\u201381.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"1627_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12405","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12405","volume":"10","author":"M Aziz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aziz M, Haghbin H, Sharma S, Fatima R, Ishtiaq R, Chandan S, et al. Safety of bariatric surgery in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Obes. 2020;10(6):e12405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cob.12405.","journal-title":"Clin Obes"},{"key":"1627_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07555-y","volume":"34","author":"N Di Lorenzo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Di Lorenzo N, Antoniou SA, Batterham RL, Busetto L, Godoroja D, Iossa A, et al. Clinical practice guidelines of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) on bariatric surgery: update 2020 endorsed by IFSO-EC, EASO and ESPCOP. Surg Endosc. 2020;34:2332\u201358.","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"11","key":"1627_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2024.05.008","volume":"20","author":"YE Dean","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dean YE, Mohamed MI, Nassar M, Almadani Y, Soliman Z, Tarek N, et al. Bariatric surgery in inflammatory bowel disease: a comparative analysis of 450,000 patients. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2024;20(11):1119\u201329.","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1627_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.08.053","volume":"74","author":"GG Ginsberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ginsberg GG, Chand B, Cote GA, Dallal RM, Edmundowicz SA, Nguyen NT, et al. A pathway to endoscopic bariatric therapies. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;74(5):943\u201353.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"10 Supplement 2","key":"1627_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1875","DOI":"10.14309\/01.ajg.0000868148.00847.58","volume":"117","author":"AA Chouthai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chouthai AA, Gjeorgjievski M, Sarkar A. Weight Loss Utilizing Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG), Benefit for Ostomy Reversal in Obese Patient With Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117(10 Supplement 2):S1875\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14309\/01.ajg.0000868148.00847.58.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"1627_CR102","first-page":"eP666","volume":"57","author":"G Carlino","year":"2025","unstructured":"Carlino G, Pontecorvi V, Vincenzo B, Bartocci B, Matteo M, Gualtieri L, et al. Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty for management of Obesity in patient suffer from Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Endoscopy. 2025;57(S 02):eP666.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"10","key":"1627_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3872","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04729-4","volume":"30","author":"R Garg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garg R, Mohan BP, Ponnada S, Singh A, Aminian A, Regueiro M, et al. Safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Surg. 2020;30(10):3872\u201383.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaf193","volume":"19","author":"N Siranart","year":"2025","unstructured":"Siranart N, Nakaphan P, Pajareya P, Laohasurayotin K. Can GLP-1 agonists be used safely in inflammatory bowel disease? A meta-analysis. J Crohns Colitis. 2025;19(12):jjaf193.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-3525-0","volume":"29","author":"PE O\u2019Brien","year":"2019","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien PE, Hindle A, Brennan L, Skinner S, Burton P, Smith A, et al. Long-term outcomes after bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of weight loss at 10 or more years for all bariatric procedures and a single-centre review of 20-year outcomes after adjustable gastric banding. Obes Surg. 2019;29(1):3\u201314.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000110","volume":"20","author":"R Sigall-Boneh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sigall-Boneh R, Pfeffer-Gik T, Segal I, Zangen T, Boaz M, Levine A. Partial enteral nutrition with a Crohn\u2019s disease exclusion diet is effective for induction of remission in children and young adults with Crohn\u2019s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20(8):1353\u201360.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00299-5","volume":"7","author":"H Yanai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yanai H, Levine A, Hirsch A, Boneh RS, Kopylov U, Eran HB, et al. The Crohn\u2019s disease exclusion diet for induction and maintenance of remission in adults with mild-to-moderate Crohn\u2019s disease (CDED-AD): an open-label, pilot, randomised trial. lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;7(1):49\u201359.","journal-title":"lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16414","volume":"39","author":"EE Russell","year":"2024","unstructured":"Russell EE, Day AS, Dimitroff C, Trakman GL, Silva H, Bryant RV, et al. Practical application of the Crohn\u2019s disease exclusion diet as therapy in an adult Australian population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;39(3):446\u201356.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"1627_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i1351","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjad212.0849","volume":"18","author":"R Oliveira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oliveira R, Mendes B, Cunha Neves J, Amorim E, Roseira J, Tavares de Sousa H. P719 vitamin and micronutrient excess in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease under oral ambulatory exclusive enteral nutrition. J Crohns Colitis. 2024;18(Supplement_1):i1351\u20132.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12256","volume":"4","author":"A Day","year":"2020","unstructured":"Day A, Wood J, Melton S, Bryant RV. Exclusive enteral nutrition: an optimal care pathway for use in adult patients with active Crohn\u2019s disease. JGH Open. 2020;4(2):260\u20136.","journal-title":"JGH Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa097","volume":"27","author":"F Chicco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chicco F, Magri S, Cingolani A, Paduano D, Pesenti M, Zara F, et al. Multidimensional Impact of Mediterranean Diet on IBD Patients. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2021;27(1):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izaa097.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1627_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16121899","author":"C Colaprico","year":"2024","unstructured":"Colaprico C, Crispini D, Rocchi I, Kibi S, De Giusti M, La Torre G. Cost and cost-effectiveness of the Mediterranean Diet: an update of a systematic review. Nutrients. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16121899.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2 Suppl 3","key":"1627_CR113","first-page":"E36","volume":"63","author":"AK Kiani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kiani AK, Medori MC, Bonetti G, Aquilanti B, Velluti V, Matera G, et al. Modern vision of the Mediterranean diet. J Prev Med Hyg. 2022;63(2 Suppl 3):E36.","journal-title":"J Prev Med Hyg"},{"key":"1627_CR114","unstructured":"di Milano OMP, South W. ECCO Consensus on Dietary Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. 2025."},{"issue":"4","key":"1627_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e60166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060166","volume":"8","author":"EA Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hu EA, Toledo E, Diez-Espino J, Estruch R, Corella D, Salas-Salvado J, et al. Lifestyles and risk factors associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet: a baseline assessment of the PREDIMED trial. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(4):e60166.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3041","volume":"11","author":"M Gleeson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gleeson M, Bishop NC, Stensel DJ, Lindley MR, Mastana SS, Nimmo MA. The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise: mechanisms and implications for the prevention and treatment of disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11(9):607\u201315.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-023-04437-2","volume":"38","author":"N Mc Gettigan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mc Gettigan N, Allen K, Saeidi R, O\u2019Toole A, Boland K. A systematic review of the effect of structured exercise on inflammation and body composition in inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023;38(1):143.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1627_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17039","DOI":"10.2196\/17039","volume":"8","author":"MM Islam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Islam MM, Poly TN, Walther BA, Li Y-C. Use of mobile phone app interventions to promote weight loss: meta-analysis. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2020;8(7):e17039.","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"key":"1627_CR119","unstructured":"Australian Government, Department of Health, Disability and Aging, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). (2025). https:\/\/www.pbs.gov.au\/info\/general\/copyright. Accessed 9 Dec 2025."},{"issue":"11","key":"1627_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032183","volume":"384","author":"JP Wilding","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wilding JP, Batterham RL, Calanna S, Davies M, Van Gaal LF, Lingvay I, et al. Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(11):989\u20131002.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-023-00506-3","volume":"12","author":"K Arvanitakis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arvanitakis K, Koufakis T, Popovic D, Maltese G, Mustafa O, Doumas M, et al. GLP-1 receptor agonists in obese patients with inflammatory bowel disease: from molecular mechanisms to clinical considerations and practical recommendations for safe and effective use. Curr Obes Rep. 2023;12(2):61\u201374.","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"1627_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaf181","volume":"19","author":"AB Bayoumy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bayoumy AB, Clarke LM, Deepak P, Desai A, Sehgal P, Gorelik U, et al. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and the clinical outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crohns Colitis. 2025;19(10):jjaf181.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"27","key":"1627_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E797","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.250502","volume":"197","author":"SD Pedersen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pedersen SD, Manjoo P, Dash S, Jain A, Pearce N, Poddar M. Pharmacotherapy for obesity management in adults: 2025 clinical practice guideline update. CMAJ. 2025;197(27):E797\u2013809.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izab249","volume":"28","author":"C Reenaers","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reenaers C, De Roover A, Kohnen L, Nachury M, Simon M, Pourcher G, et al. Bariatric surgery in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study from the GETAID. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2022;28(8):1198\u2013206.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1627_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001879","volume":"58","author":"A Desai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Desai A, Hashash JG, Baker G, Farraye FA, Waghray N, Kochhar GS. Effect of bariatric surgery on disease outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a US-based propensity matched cohort study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2024;58(5):447\u201353.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2017.04.013","volume":"13","author":"GJ Slotman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Slotman GJ. Prospectively validated preoperative prediction of weight and co-morbidity resolution in individual patients comparing five bariatric operations. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017;13(9):1590\u20137.","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"1627_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Docimo S Jr, Oviedo R, Afaneh C, Schirmer B, Moustarah F, Grothe K, et al. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery review of endobariatric procedures. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases; 2025.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2025.10.001"},{"issue":"6","key":"1627_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002791","volume":"119","author":"SL Gold","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gold SL, Kornbluth A. The role of the gastroenterologist in obesity management: now is the right time for our involvement. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG. 2024;119(6):1001\u20136.","journal-title":"Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2025.08.015","volume":"138","author":"D Godfrey","year":"2025","unstructured":"Godfrey D, Koczanowski S, Selvarajah J, Gao W, Segal J, Pellino G. Exploring the evidence that supports the benefits of the multidisciplinary team in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Med. 2025;138(12):1724-33. e1.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08985-1","volume":"22","author":"L Alvestad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alvestad L, Jelsness-J\u00f8rgensen L-P, Goll R, Clancy A, Gressnes T, Valle PC, et al. Health-related quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison of patients receiving nurse-led versus conventional follow-up care. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022;22(1):1602.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"1627_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.04.007","volume":"16","author":"M Regueiro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Regueiro M, Click B, Anderson A, Shrank W, Kogan J, McAnallen S, et al. Reduced unplanned care and disease activity and increased quality of life after patient enrollment in an inflammatory bowel disease medical home. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;16(11):1777\u201385.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1627_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.220160","volume":"59","author":"M Elkjaer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Elkjaer M, Shuhaibar M, Burisch J, Bailey Y, Scherfig H, Laugesen B, et al. E-health empowers patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomised controlled trial of the web-guided \u2018Constant-care\u2019approach. Gut. 2010;59(12):1652\u201361.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"10","key":"1627_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjad075","volume":"17","author":"AJ Kuriakose Kuzhiyanjal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kuriakose Kuzhiyanjal AJ, Nigam GB, Antoniou GA, Farraye FA, Cross RK, Limdi JK. Management of inflammatory bowel disease using e-health technologies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crohns Colitis. 2023;17(10):1596\u2013613.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-2659","volume":"166","author":"JC Lauffenburger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lauffenburger JC, Shrank WH, Bitton A, Franklin JM, Glynn RJ, Krumme AA, et al. Association between patient-centered medical homes and adherence to chronic disease medications: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(2):81\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1627_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e64981","DOI":"10.2196\/64981","volume":"27","author":"Y Qi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qi Y, Mohamad E, Azlan AA, Zhang C, Ma Y, Wu A. Digital health solutions for cardiovascular disease prevention: systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2025;27:e64981.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1S","key":"1627_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e771","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002249","volume":"33","author":"N Karimi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karimi N, Sechi AJ, Harb M, Sawyer E, Williams A-J, Ng W, et al. The effect of a nurse-led advice line and virtual clinic on inflammatory bowel disease service delivery: an Australian study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;33(1S):e771\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1627_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.11.013","volume":"20","author":"L Keefer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Keefer L, Gorbenko K, Siganporia T, Manning L, Tse S, Biello A, et al. Resilience-based integrated IBD care is associated with reductions in health care use and opioids. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;20(8):1831\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1627_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12235","volume":"4","author":"SS Prasad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prasad SS, Potter M, Keely S, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Kairuz T. Roles of healthcare professionals in the management of chronic gastrointestinal diseases with a focus on primary care: a systematic review. JGH Open. 2020;4(2):221\u20139.","journal-title":"JGH Open"},{"issue":"15","key":"1627_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4457","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i15.4457","volume":"21","author":"AL Bennett","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bennett AL, Munkholm P, Andrews JM. Tools for primary care management of inflammatory bowel disease: do they exist? World J Gastroenterology: WJG. 2015;21(15):4457.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterology: WJG"},{"issue":"1","key":"1627_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40900-021-00252-7","volume":"7","author":"M Bird","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bird M, McGillion M, Chambers E, Dix J, Fajardo C, Gilmour M, et al. A generative co-design framework for healthcare innovation: development and application of an end-user engagement framework. Res Involv Engagem. 2021;7(1):12.","journal-title":"Res Involv Engagem"},{"issue":"5","key":"1627_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.70054","volume":"27","author":"MP Pomey","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pomey MP, Schaad B, Lasserre-Moutet A, B\u00f6hme P, Jackson M. Towards a new integrated model for taking into account the experiential knowledge of people with chronic diseases, integrating mediation, therapeutic education and partnership: The Expanded Chronic Care Patient\u2013Professional Partnership Model. Health Expect. 2024;27(5):e70054.","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"key":"1627_CR142","unstructured":"Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP). Complex care, consultant physicians and better patient outcomes: Streamlined complex care in the community 2019."},{"issue":"9","key":"1627_CR143","first-page":"1832","volume":"41","author":"BE Falahee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Falahee BE, Ostrominski JW, Blood AJ. Digital approaches to obesity: future directions. Can J Cardiol. 2025;41(9):1832\u20135.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1627_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2341-x","volume":"17","author":"JK Elrod","year":"2017","unstructured":"Elrod JK, Fortenberry JL Jr. The hub-and-spoke organization design: an avenue for serving patients well. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(Suppl 1):457.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"1627_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23779608241299292","volume":"10","author":"N Floriancic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Floriancic N, Garnett A, Donelle L. Chronic disease management in a nurse practitioner-led clinic: an interpretive description study. SAGE Open Nurs. 2024;10:23779608241299292.","journal-title":"SAGE Open Nurs"}],"container-title":["Current Diabetes Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11892-026-01627-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11892-026-01627-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11892-026-01627-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T08:05:06Z","timestamp":1781769906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11892-026-01627-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"references-count":145,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1627"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11892-026-01627-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1539-0829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1539-0829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All Reported studies\/experiments with human or animal subjects performed by the authors have been previously published and complied with all applicable ethical standards (including the Helsinki declaration and its amendments, institutional\/national research committee standards and international\/national\/institutional guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18"}}