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Z Gastroenterol 2003, 41:19\u201320.","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"72_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-36664","volume":"41","author":"J Sch\u00f6lmerich","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6lmerich J: Akuter Schub. Leitlinien der DVGS. Z Gastroenterol, 2003, 41:27\u201330.","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"72_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(84)90409-8","volume":"86","author":"H Malchow","year":"1984","unstructured":"Malchow H, Ewe K, Brandes JW, et al.: European Cooperative Crohn\u2019s Disease Study (ECCDS): results of drug treatment. 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Patients with a severe inflammatory mass and\/or abscess often benefit from antibiotic therapy.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200201000-00002","volume":"8","author":"GL Arnold","year":"2002","unstructured":"Arnold GL, Beaves MR, Pryjdun VO, Mook WJ: Preliminary study of ciprofloxacin in active Crohn\u2019s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2002, 8:10\u201315.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"72_CR6","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"A Ippoliti","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ippoliti A, Abreu M, Fleshner P, et al.: Cyclosporine in Crohn\u2019s and indeterminate colitis: a five year experience at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles [abstract]. 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Gastroenterology 2002, 122:904\u2013915.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01590.x","volume":"17","author":"KR Herrlinger","year":"2003","unstructured":"Herrlinger KR, Deibert P, Schwab M, et al.: Remission maintenance by tioguanine in chronic active Crohn\u2019s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003, 17:1459\u20131464. One of two studies of thioguanine in patients who do not tolerate 6-MP or AZA. See Bonaz et al. [14].","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"72_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01683.x","volume":"18","author":"J Bonaz B Boitard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bonaz B Boitard J, Marteau B, et al.: Tioguanine in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease intolerant or resistant to azathioprine\/mercaptopurine. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003, 18:401\u2013408. Along with Herrlinger et al. [13\u2022], one of two trials studying the effect of thioguanine in patients who do not tolerate 6-MP or AZA. Both trials showed the efficacy of the drug, which led to initial enthusiasm. Later, however, the risk of hepatotoxicity, in particular nodular regenerative hyperplasia, became clear. For this reason, further use of this drug should be limited to controlled clinical trials.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"72_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01614.x","volume":"18","author":"D Kurnik","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kurnik D, Loebstein R, Fishbein E, et al.: Bioavailability of oral vs. subcutaneous low-dose methotrexate in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. 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N Engl J Med 1997, 337:1029\u20131035.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"72_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70332-X","volume":"117","author":"P Rutgeerts","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rutgeerts P, D\u2019Haens G, Targan S, et al.: Efficacy and safety of retreatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody (infliximab) to maintain remission in Crohn\u2019s disease. Gastroenterology 1999, 117:761\u2013769.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199905063401804","volume":"340","author":"DH Present","year":"1999","unstructured":"Present DH, Rutgeerts P, Targan S, et al.: Infliximab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. 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Lancet 2002, 359:1541\u20131549.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"72_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030815","volume":"350","author":"BE Sands","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sands BE, Anderson FH, Bernstein CN, et al.: Infliximab maintenance therapy for fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 2004, 350:876\u2013885. This well-designed trial was the largest ever for fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease. The majority of patients continued to have a fistula response, although many others relapsed later. The major endpoint was \u2018discontinuation of drainage of greater than 50% of fistulae,\u2019 which is somewhat subjective and investigator dependent. Further confirmation using harder surrogate endpoints, such as MRI scanning, is warranted.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"72_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05991.x","volume":"97","author":"S Vermeire","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vermeire S, Louis E, Carbonez A, et al.: Demographic and clinical parameters influencing the short-term outcome of anti-tumor necrosis factor (infliximab) treatment in Crohn\u2019s disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2002, 97:2357\u20132363.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"72_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01574.x","volume":"17","author":"ID Arnott","year":"2003","unstructured":"Arnott ID, McNeill G, Satsangi J: An analysis of factors influencing short-term and sustained response to infliximab treatment for Crohn\u2019s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003, 17:1451\u20131457.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"72_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.11.014","volume":"126","author":"P Rutgeerts","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rutgeerts P, Feagan BG, Lichtenstein GR, et al.: Comparison of scheduled and episodic treatment strategies of infliximab in Crohn\u2019s disease. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:402\u2013413. Interesting analysis using the data from the ACCENT-1 trial [21]. Automatic retreatment was found to be superior to \u2018on-demand\u2019 schedules, but patients given the automatic retreatment received much more infliximab, so that the total cost was considerably higher. From a patient\u2019s viewpoint, however, and based on the available safety data, maintenance therapy every 8 weeks for 1 year appears to be the optimal strategy.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR26","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"B Salzberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Salzberg B, Kendall K: Successful 1 hour infusions of infliximab or Crohn\u2019s disease patients in an outpatient office setting [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004. 126:A-629.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR27","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"CE Shih","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shih CE, Bayless TM, Harris ML: Maintenance of long term response to infliximab over 1 to 5 years in Crohn\u2019s disease including shortening dosing intervals or increasing dosage [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:A-631.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR28","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"GR Lichtenstein","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lichtenstein GR, Cohen RD, Feagan BG, et al.: Safety of infliximab in Crohn\u2019s disease: data from the 5000 patients TREAT registry [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:A-54.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.10.047","volume":"126","author":"JF Colombel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Colombel JF, Loftus EV, Jr., Tremaine WJ, et al.: The safety profile of infliximab in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: the Mayo Clinic experience in 500 patients. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:19\u201331.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04148.x","volume":"99","author":"JF Colombel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Colombel JF, Loftus EV, Jr., Tremaine WJ, et al.: Early postoperative complications are not increased in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease treated perioperatively with infliximab or immunosuppressive therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 2004, 99:878\u2013883. One of two studies of perioperative complications in patients receiving infliximab before surgery. See Marchal et al. [31].","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"72_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2004.01904.x","volume":"19","author":"L Marchal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Marchal L, D\u2019Haens G, Van Assche G, et al.: The risk of postoperative complications associated with infliximab therapy for Crohn\u2019s disease: a controlled cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004, 19:749\u2013754. Along with Colombel et al. [30\u2022], one of two studies that looked at perioperative complications in patients who had received infliximab shortly before surgery. Both studies used an appropriate control group and came to the same conclusion. Patients and surgeons can therefore be reassured that infliximab does not lead to an enhanced risk of complications.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"72_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020888","volume":"348","author":"F Baert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Baert F, Noman M, Vermeire S, et al.: Influence of immunogenicity on the long-term efficacy of infliximab in Crohn\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:601\u2013608. This study looked at a cohort of patients with Crohn\u2019s disease who received \u2018on-demand\u2019 treatment with infliximab. Before every infusion and at regular intervals, serum samples were collected for measurement of antibodies to infliximab and infliximab serum levels. Infusion reactions and (loss of) response to infliximab were recorded. The results provide insight in the development of antibodies to biologic agents and the effect of inmmunomodulators to prevent the problem.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"72_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50145","volume":"124","author":"RJ Farrell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Farrell RJ, Alsahli M, Jeen YT, et al.: Intravenous hydrocortisone premedication reduces antibodies to infliximab in Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2003, 124:917\u2013924. The issue of antibodies to a valuable drug such as infliximab was also addressed in this study. Patients received hydrocortisone or placebo before dosing. Hydrocortisone premedication appeared to be effective in reducing antibody formation. It remains unclear, however, if all patients should receive immunomodulators and hydrocortisone, or if the latter should only be reserved for patients who are intolerant of immunosuppressive drugs and those who have had an infusion reaction.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanauer SB, Lukas M MacIntosh D et al.: A randomized, placebo controlled trial of the human anti-TNF-a monoclonal antibody adalimumab for the induction of remission in patients with moderate to severely active Crohn\u2019s disease [Late breaking session oral presentation]. Presented at Digestive Disease Week. New Orleans, LA, May 15\u201320, 2004.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.010"},{"key":"72_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.01.047","volume":"126","author":"WJ Sandborn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sandborn WJ, Hanauer SB, Loftus EV, et al.: An open label study of the human anti-TNF monoclonal antibody adalimumab in subjects with prior loss of response or intolerance to infliximab for Crohn\u2019s disease [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:A-53.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)80301-3","volume":"124","author":"S Schreiber","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schreiber S, Rutgeerts P, Fedorak R, et al.: CDP870, a humanized anti-TNF antibody fragment, induces clinical response with remission in patients with active Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2003, 124:A-97","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.28674","volume":"121","author":"WJ Sandborn","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sandborn WJ, Hanauer SB, Katz S, et al.: Etanercept for active Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2001, 121:1088\u20131094. After the efficacy of etanercept was suggested in a pilot study, the authors launched this placebo-controlled trial. The primary endpoint was taken at 4 weeks, which may be somewhat early for a TNF receptor rather than an apoptosis-inducing antibody such as infliximab. Furthermore, placebo response in this trial was extremely high (45%), raising questions about this type of patient population.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01414.x","volume":"17","author":"P Rutgeerts","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rutgeerts P, Lemmens L, Van Assche G, et al.: Treatment of active Crohn\u2019s disease with onercept (recombinant human soluble p55 tumour necrosis factor receptor): results of a randomized, open-label, pilot study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003, 17:185\u2013192.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"72_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020732","volume":"348","author":"S Ghosh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ghosh S, Goldin E, Gordon FH, et al.: Natalizumab for active Crohn\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:24\u201332. Natalizumab will probably be the second antibody hitting the market for Crohn\u2019s disease. This well-designed trial demonstrated maximal clinical effect after two doses of the drug with a 1-month interval. Safety was excellent.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"72_CR40","first-page":"A23","volume":"52","author":"P Rutgeerts","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rutgeerts P, Colombel JF, Enns R, et al.: Subanalyses from a phase 3 study on the evaluation of natalizumab in active Crohn\u2019s disease therapy (ENACT-1) [abstract]. Gut 2003, 52:A239","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"72_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandborn WJ, Colombel JF Enns R et al.: A phase III, doubleblind, placebo controlled study of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Antegren(TM) (natalizumab) in maintaining clinical response and remission in Crohn\u2019s disease (ENACT-2) [late breaking session oral presentation]. Presented at Digestive Disease Week. New Orleans, LA, May 15\u201320, 2004.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.009"},{"key":"72_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)80125-7","volume":"124","author":"BG Feagan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Feagan BG, Greenberg GR, Wild G, et al.: Efficacy and safety of a humanized A4B7 antibody in active Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2003, 124:A-36.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hommes DW, Mikhailova T, Stoinov S, et al.: Fontolizumab (HuZAF), a humanized Anti-IFN-Gamma Antibody, has clinical activity and excellent tolerability in moderate to severe Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) [Late breaking session oral presentation]. Presented at Digestive Disease Week. New Orleans, LA, May 15\u201320, 2004.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.011"},{"key":"72_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.01.012","volume":"126","author":"H Ito","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ito H, Takazoe M, Fukuda Y, et al.: A pilot randomized trial of a human anti-interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibody in active Crohn\u2019s disease. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:989\u2013996. Interesting Japanese trial using a novel biologic agent for Crohn\u2019s disease, anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies. However, the patient population was rather small, and inclusion criteria were somewhat unusual (CDAI > 150). In addition, the investigators did not observe any endoscopic or histologic improvement with this treatment. Larger controlled trials are needed.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR45","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"P Mannon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mannon P, Fuss I, Mayer L, et al.: Anti-interleukin-12 treats active Crohn\u2019s disease [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:A-22.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11437-1","volume":"360","author":"BK Dieckgraefe","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dieckgraefe BK, Korzenik JR: Treatment of active Crohn\u2019s disease with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Lancet 2002, 360:1478\u20131480.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"72_CR47","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"JR Korzenik","year":"2004","unstructured":"Korzenik JR, Dieckgraefe BK, Valentine JF: Duration of sargramostim effects in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn\u2019s disease (CD): follow-up results from a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:A-75.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07660.x","volume":"98","author":"RW Summers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Summers RW, Elliott DE, Qadir K, et al.: Trichuris suis seems to be safe and possibly effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2003, 98:2034\u20132041. The original approach to try and change patients\u2019 mucosal immunity using helminth ova was tested in only seven patients in this first trial. The therapy was well tolerated, and the patients appeared to benefit. Further results in larger patient groups are awaited.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"72_CR49","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"RW Summers","year":"2004","unstructured":"Summers RW, Elliott DE, Thompson R, et al.: Trial of helminth ova in active Crohn\u2019s disease [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:A-75.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR50","first-page":"511","volume":"98","author":"T Matsui","year":"2003","unstructured":"Matsui T, Nishimura T, Matake H, et al.: Granulocytapheresis for Crohn\u2019s disease: a report on seven refractory patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2003, 98:511\u2013512.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"72_CR51","first-page":"A","volume":"126","author":"Y Fukuda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fukuda Y, Matsui T, Suzuki Y, et al.: Adsorptive granulocyte and monocyte apheresis therapy for refractory Crohn\u2019s disease: an open label multicentre prospecive study [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2004, 126:A-630.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"72_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704134","volume":"32","author":"W Kreisel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kreisel W, Potthoff K, Bertz H, et al.: Complete remission of Crohn\u2019s disease after high-dose cyclophosphamide and autologous stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003, 32:337\u201340.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"72_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-003-0490-3","volume":"18","author":"D Garcia-Olmo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Garcia-Olmo D, Garcia-Arranz M, Garcia Gomez L, et al.:Autologous stem cell transplantation for treatment of rectovaginal fistula in perianal Crohn\u2019s disease: a new cellbased therapy. Int J Colorectal Dis 2003, 18:451\u2013454.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"72_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01793.x","volume":"18","author":"C Dejaco","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dejaco C, Harrer M, Waldhoer T, et al.: Antibiotics and azathioprine for the treatment of perianal fistulas in Crohn\u2019s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003, 18:1113\u20131120.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"72_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200303000-00003","volume":"9","author":"M Regueiro","year":"2003","unstructured":"Regueiro M, Mardini H: Treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease with infliximab alone or as an adjunct to exam under anesthesia with seton placement. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2003, 9:98\u2013103.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"72_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00877-1","volume":"125","author":"WJ Sandborn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sandborn WJ, Present DH, Isaacs KL, et al.: Tacrolimus for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2003, 125:380\u2013388. Well-designed trial looking at the effect of tacrolimus for fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease. Although the efficacy was convincing, the adverse event rate was unacceptably high. Use of this drug cannot be recommended at the doses administered in this trial.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Current Gastroenterology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11894-004-0072-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11894-004-0072-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11894-004-0072-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,22]],"date-time":"2020-04-22T05:54:43Z","timestamp":1587534883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11894-004-0072-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["72"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11894-004-0072-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1522-8037","1534-312X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1522-8037","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-312X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}}}