{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T06:06:10Z","timestamp":1790316370372,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Hematol Malig Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11899-019-00515-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T07:21:29Z","timestamp":1557386489000},"page":"179-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Disparities in Survival and Health Outcomes in Childhood Leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lena E.","family":"Winestone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Aplenc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"515_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23169","volume":"112","author":"AM Linabery","year":"2008","unstructured":"Linabery AM, Ross JA. Trends in childhood cancer incidence in the U.S. (1992-2004). Cancer. 2008;112(2):416\u201332.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"14","key":"515_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.37.8018","volume":"30","author":"SP Hunger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hunger SP, Lu X, Devidas M, Camitta BM, Gaynon PS, Winick NJ, et al. Improved survival for children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia between 1990 and 2005: a report from the Children\u2019s Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(14):1663\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"515_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S149","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2010.300062","volume":"101","author":"PA Braveman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Braveman PA, Kumanyika S, Fielding J, Laveist T, Borrell LN, Manderscheid R, et al. Health disparities and health equity: the issue is justice. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(Suppl 1):S149\u201355.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"515_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20983","volume":"139","author":"CC Gravlee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gravlee CC. How race becomes biology: embodiment of social inequality. Am J Phys Anthropol. 2009;139(1):47\u201357.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"issue":"12","key":"515_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb025007","volume":"348","author":"EG Burchard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Burchard EG, Ziv E, Coyle N, Gomez SL, Tang H, Karter AJ, et al. The importance of race and ethnic background in biomedical research and clinical practice. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(12):1170\u20135.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"515_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.023531","volume":"60","author":"B Galobardes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Galobardes B, Shaw M, Lawlor DA, Lynch JW, Davey Smith G. Indicators of socioeconomic position. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006;60(1):7\u201312.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"515_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.077628","volume":"96","author":"AM Kilbourne","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kilbourne AM, Switzer G, Hyman K, Crowley-Matoka M, Fine MJ. Advancing health disparities research within the health care system: a conceptual framework. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(12):2113\u201321.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"515_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.4.813","volume":"18","author":"BH Pollock","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pollock BH, DeBaun MR, Camitta BM, Shuster JJ, Ravindranath Y, Pullen DJ, et al. Racial differences in the survival of childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18(4):813\u201323.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"515_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-02-0395","volume":"100","author":"S Bhatia","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bhatia S, Sather HN, Heerema NA, Trigg ME, Gaynon PS, Robison LL. Racial and ethnic differences in survival of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2002;100(6):1957\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2002-02-0395 .","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"15","key":"515_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.15.2008","volume":"290","author":"NS Kadan-Lottick","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kadan-Lottick NS, Ness KK, Bhatia S, Gurney JG. Survival variability by race and ethnicity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. JAMA. 2003;290(15):2008\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.290.15.2008 .","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"515_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-012-9943-8","volume":"23","author":"WB Goggins","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goggins WB, Lo FFK. Racial and ethnic disparities in survival of US children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: evidence from the SEER database 1988\u20132008. Cancer Causes Control. 2012;23(5):737\u201343.","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"515_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2022 Abrah\u00e3o R, Lichtensztajn DY, Ribeiro RC, Marina NM, Keogh RH, Marcos-Gragera R, et al. Racial\/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in survival among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in California, 1988\u20132011: a population-based observational study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2015;62(10):1819\u201325. Cohort study in California showing worse survival in minorities and children from the lowest SES neighborhoods with ALL.","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25544"},{"issue":"3","key":"515_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26871","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26871","volume":"65","author":"JM Kahn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kahn JM, Cole PD, Blonquist TM, Stevenson K, Jin Z, Barrera S, et al. An investigation of toxicities and survival in Hispanic children and adolescents with ALL: results from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL consortium protocol 05-001. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2018;65(3):e26871.","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"515_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.763","volume":"43","author":"JJ Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang JJ, Cheng C, Devidas M, Cao X, Fan Y, Campana D, et al. Ancestry and pharmacogenomics of relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Genet. 2011;43(3):237\u201341.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"515_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Petridou ET, Sergentanis TN, Perlepe C, Papathoma P, Tsilimidos G, Kontogeorgi E, et al. Socioeconomic disparities in survival from childhood leukemia in the United States and globally: a meta-analysis. Ann Oncol. 2015;26(3):589\u201397. Meta-analysis demonstrating increased mortality among ALL patients with low SES at the individual- and area-levels.","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu572"},{"issue":"6","key":"515_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25928","volume":"63","author":"K Bona","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bona K, Blonquist TM, Neuberg DS, Silverman LB, Wolfe J. Impact of socioeconomic status on timing of relapse and overall survival for children treated on Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL consortium protocols (2000-2010). Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2016;63(6):1012\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.25928 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"515_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0722","volume":"26","author":"J Wolfson","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u2022 Wolfson J, Sun C-L, Wyatt L, Stock W, Bhatia S. Adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia: impact of Care at Specialized Cancer Centers on survival outcome. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2017;26(3):312\u201320. Cohort study in LA County demonstrating a survival benefit to being treated at a specialized cancer center.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev"},{"issue":"16","key":"515_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.40.8617","volume":"30","author":"CH Pui","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pui CH, Pei D, Pappo AS, Howard SC, Cheng C, Sandlund JT, et al. Treatment outcomes in black and white children with cancer: results from the SEER database and St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, 1992 through 2007. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(16):2005\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2011.40.8617 .","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"515_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24855","volume":"61","author":"AE Seif","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seif AE, Fisher BT, Li Y, Torp K, Rheam DP, Huang Y-SV, et al. Patient and hospital factors associated with induction mortality in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61(5):846\u201352.","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"515_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-10-4004","volume":"108","author":"R Aplenc","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aplenc R, Alonzo TA, Gerbing RB, Smith FO, Meshinchi S, Ross JA, et al. Ethnicity and survival in childhood acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Children\u2019s Oncology Group. Blood. 2006;108(1):74\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2005-10-4004 .","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"2","key":"515_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13944","volume":"173","author":"R Abrah\u00e3o","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abrah\u00e3o R, Keogh RH, Lichtensztajn DY, Marcos-Gragera R, Medeiros BC, Coleman MP, et al. Predictors of early death and survival among children, adolescents and young adults with acute myeloid leukaemia in California, 1988-2011: a population-based study. Br J Haematol. 2016;173(2):292\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.13944 .","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"515_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24605","volume":"92","author":"LE Winestone","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u2022 Winestone LE, Getz KD, Miller TP, Wilkes JJ, Sack L, Li Y, et al. The role of acuity of illness at presentation in early mortality in black children with acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Hematol. 2017;92(2):141\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.24605. Cohort study demonstrating that acuity at presentation mediates 61% of excess early mortality in Black pediatric AML patients.","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"515_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27583","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27583","volume":"66","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y, Newton JG, Getz KD, Huang YS, Seif AE, Fisher BT, et al. Comparable on-therapy mortality and supportive care requirements in Black and White patients following initial induction for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2019;66(4):e27583. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.27583 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"515_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.70.3249","volume":"35","author":"AL Green","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Green AL, Furutani E, Ribeiro KB, Rodriguez-Galindo C. Death within 1 month of diagnosis in childhood cancer: an analysis of risk factors and scope of the problem. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(12):1320\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2016.70.3249. Cohort study using SEER data demonstrating Black and Hispanic patients and patients in lower income counties are at higher risk for early death across multiple pediatric cancers including leukemia.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"515_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Winestone LE, Getz KD, Rao P, Li Y, Hall M, Huang YV, et al. Disparities in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) clinical trial enrollment. Leuk Lymphoma. 2019:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10428194.2019.1574002 .","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2019.1574002"},{"issue":"4","key":"515_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20170671","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-0671","volume":"140","author":"EE Johnston","year":"2017","unstructured":"Johnston EE, Alvarez E, Saynina O, Sanders L, Bhatia S, Chamberlain LJ. Disparities in the intensity of end-of-life care for children with cancer. Pediatrics. 2017;140(4):e20170671.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"515_CR27","unstructured":"Johnston EE, Muffly L, Alvarez E, Saynina O, Sanders LM, Bhatia S et al. End-of-life care intensity in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a population-level analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2018;JCO.2018.78.095."},{"issue":"4","key":"515_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20171662","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1662","volume":"140","author":"K Bona","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bona K, Wolfe J. Disparities in pediatric palliative care: an opportunity to strive for equity. Pediatrics. 2017;140(4):e20171662.","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"19","key":"515_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn310","volume":"100","author":"AC Mertens","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mertens AC, Liu Q, Neglia JP, Wasilewski K, Leisenring W, Armstrong GT, et al. Cause-specific late mortality among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer: the childhood cancer survivor study. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2008;100(19):1368\u201379.","journal-title":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"14","key":"515_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.66.3567","volume":"34","author":"Q Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Liu Q, Leisenring WM, Ness KK, Robison LL, Armstrong GT, Yasui Y, et al. Racial\/ethnic differences in adverse outcomes among childhood cancer survivors: the childhood cancer survivor study. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(14):1634\u201343. Cohort study showing Black pediatric cancer survivors have higher all-cause mortality, attirbutable to SES, and higher risk of diabetes and cardiac conditions.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"14","key":"515_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.5845","volume":"34","author":"C Chao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chao C, Xu L, Bhatia S, Cooper R, Brar S, Wong FL, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk profiles in survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer: the Kaiser Permanente AYA Cancer Survivors Study. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(14):1626\u201333.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"515_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00313","volume":"37","author":"KD Getz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Getz KD, Sung L, Ky B, Gerbing RB, Leger KJ, Leahy AB, et al. Occurrence of treatment-related cardiotoxicity and its impact on outcomes among children treated in the AAML0531 clinical trial: a report from the Children\u2019s Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(1):12\u201321.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"515_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22601","volume":"55","author":"BT Fisher","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fisher BT, Zaoutis TE, Leckerman KH, Localio R, Aplenc R. Risk factors for renal failure in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective cohort study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55(4):655\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.22601 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"20","key":"515_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5012","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-0939","volume":"24","author":"OA Taylor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Taylor OA, Brown AL, Brackett J, Dreyer ZE, Moore IK, Mitby P, et al. Disparities in neurotoxicity risk and outcomes among pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24(20):5012\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"515_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa060185","volume":"355","author":"KC Oeffinger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Sklar CA, Kawashima T, Hudson MM, Meadows AT, et al. Chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(15):1572\u201382.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"515_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21404","volume":"67","author":"BN Polite","year":"2017","unstructured":"Polite BN, Adams-Campbell LL, Brawley OW, Bickell N, Carethers JM, Flowers CR, et al. Charting the future of cancer health disparities research: a position statement from the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Cancer Society, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and the National Cancer Institute. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(5):353\u201361.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"515_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00031-3","volume":"56","author":"G Corbie-Smith","year":"2003","unstructured":"Corbie-Smith G, St George DMM, Moody-Ayers S, Ransohoff DF. Adequacy of reporting race\/ethnicity in clinical trials in areas of health disparities. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56(5):416\u201320.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"515_CR38","unstructured":"Bhatia S. A comprehensive approach to improve medication adherence in pediatric ALL. Children\u2019s Oncology Group; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01503632."},{"issue":"15","key":"515_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-01-552166","volume":"124","author":"S Bhatia","year":"2014","unstructured":"\u2022 Bhatia S, Landier W, Hageman L, Kim H, Chen Y, Crews KR, et al. 6MP adherence in a multiracial cohort of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Children\u2019s Oncology Group study. Blood. 2014;124(15):2345\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2014-01-552166. Prospective cohort study identifying poor adherence to oral chemotherapy among Black and Asian Americans and implicating adherence as a mediator of relapse in ALL.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"515_CR40","unstructured":"Tasian S. A phase 2 study of ruxolitinib with chemotherapy in Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Children\u2019s Oncology Group; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02723994."},{"issue":"26","key":"515_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5312","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-09-245944","volume":"115","author":"RC Harvey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Harvey RC, Mullighan CG, Chen I-M, Wharton W, Mikhail FM, Carroll AJ, et al. Rearrangement of CRLF2 is associated with mutation of JAK kinases, alteration of IKZF1, Hispanic\/Latino ethnicity, and a poor outcome in pediatric B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2010;115(26):5312\u201321.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"11","key":"515_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29271","volume":"121","author":"J El-Cheikh","year":"2015","unstructured":"El-Cheikh J, Crocchiolo R, Furst S, Bramanti S, Sarina B, Granata A, et al. Unrelated cord blood compared with haploidentical grafts in patients with hematological malignancies. Cancer. 2015;121(11):1809\u201316.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"14","key":"515_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3469","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25297","volume":"116","author":"TV Joshua","year":"2010","unstructured":"Joshua TV, Rizzo JD, Zhang M-J, Hari PN, Kurian S, Pasquini M, et al. Access to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: effect of race and sex. Cancer. 2010;116(14):3469\u201376.","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"issue":"5","key":"515_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709866","volume":"378","author":"SL Maude","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maude SL, Laetsch TW, Buechner J, Rives S, Boyer M, Bittencourt H, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in children and young adults with B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(5):439\u201348.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"36","key":"515_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4381","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.67.3301","volume":"34","author":"A von Stackelberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"von Stackelberg A, Locatelli F, Zugmaier G, Handgretinger R, Trippett TM, Rizzari C, et al. Phase I\/phase II study of blinatumomab in pediatric patients with relapsed\/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(36):4381\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"515_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1609783","volume":"376","author":"H Kantarjian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kantarjian H, Stein A, G\u00f6kbuget N, Fielding AK, Schuh AC, Ribera J-M, et al. Blinatumomab versus chemotherapy for advanced acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(9):836\u201347.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"515_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509277","volume":"375","author":"HM Kantarjian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kantarjian HM, DeAngelo DJ, Stelljes M, Martinelli G, Liedtke M, Stock W, et al. Inotuzumab ozogamicin versus standard therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(8):740\u201353.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"515_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhojwani D, Sposto R, Shah NN, Rodriguez V, Yuan C, Stetler-Stevenson M, et al. Inotuzumab ozogamicin in pediatric patients with relapsed\/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia. 2018.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-018-0265-z"},{"issue":"15","key":"515_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1807382","volume":"379","author":"PB Bach","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bach PB. National coverage analysis of CAR-T therapies - policy, evidence, and payment. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(15):1396\u20138.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"515_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2874","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.66.3658","volume":"34","author":"LA Penner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Penner LA, Dovidio JF, Gonzalez R, Albrecht TL, Chapman R, Foster T, et al. The effects of oncologist implicit racial bias in racially discordant oncology interactions. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(24):2874\u201380.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"515_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2016.08.010","volume":"17","author":"TJ Johnson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Johnson TJ, Winger DG, Hickey RW, Switzer GE, Miller E, Nguyen MB, et al. Comparison of physician implicit racial bias toward adults versus children. Acad Pediatr. 2017;17(2):120\u20136.","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11899-019-00515-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11899-019-00515-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11899-019-00515-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T20:37:18Z","timestamp":1607719038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11899-019-00515-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11899-019-00515-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-8211","1558-822X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-8211","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-822X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 May 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"Lena E. Winestone and Richard Aplenc declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent"}}]}}