{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T22:54:55Z","timestamp":1768776895228,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]],"date-time":"2015-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Hypertens Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-015-0604-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,23]],"date-time":"2015-10-23T10:21:07Z","timestamp":1445595667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sleep Disordered Breathing: Hypertension and Cardiac Structure and Function"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Querejeta Roca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amil M.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"604_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/21.7.749","volume":"21","author":"CW Whitney","year":"1998","unstructured":"Whitney CW, Gottlieb DJ, Redline S, Norman RG, Dodge RR, Shahar E, et al. Reliability of scoring respiratory disturbance indices and sleep staging. Sleep. 1998;21(7):749\u201357.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"9","key":"604_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws342","volume":"177","author":"PE Peppard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Peppard PE, Young T, Barnet JH, Palta M, Hagen EW, Hla KM. Increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in adults. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;177(9):1006\u201314.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"15","key":"604_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440360178019","volume":"157","author":"T Young","year":"1997","unstructured":"Young T, Peppard P, Palta M, Hla KM, Finn L, Morgan B, et al. Population-based study of sleep-disordered breathing as a risk factor for hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(15):1746\u201352.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"604_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.11.003","volume":"12","author":"C Lin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lin C, Davidson T, Ancoli-Israel S. Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea and treatment implications. Sleep Med Rev. 2008;12:481\u201396.","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"604_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201203-0448OC","volume":"186","author":"M-A Martinez-Garcia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martinez-Garcia M-A, Campos-Rodriguez F, Catal\u00e1n-Serra P, Soler-Catalu\u00f1a J-J, Almeida-Gonzalez C, De la Cruz Mor\u00f3n I, et al. Cardiovascular mortality in obstructive sleep apnea in the elderly. Role of long-term CPAP treatment: a prospective observational trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;186(9):909\u201316.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"604_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000118216.84358.22","volume":"109","author":"S Quan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Quan S, Gersh BJ. Cardiovascular consequences of sleep-disordered breathing: past, present and future. Circulation. 2004;109:951\u20137.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"604_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Punjabi NM, Caffo BS, Goodwin JL, Gottlieb DJ, Newman AB, O'Connor GT, Rapoport DM, Redline S, Resnick HE, Robbins JA, Shahar E, Unruh ML, Samet JM. Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study. 2009;6(8):e1000132. Based on the Sleep Heart Health Study, the biggest and most consistent community study with a prospective study of the mortality risk associated with OSA severity.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000132"},{"issue":"8","key":"604_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.05.002","volume":"52","author":"VK Somers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Somers VK, White DP, Amin R, Abraham WT, Costa F, Culebras A, et al. Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease: an American Heart Association\/American College of Cardiology Foundation Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association Council for High Blood Pressure Research Professional Education Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke Council, and Council on Cardiovascular Nursing in collaboration With the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (National Institutes of Health). JACC. 2008;52(8):686\u2013717. A consistent and extensive review based on the cardiovascular complications of OSA. Done by a committee of experts for the AHA\/ACC.","journal-title":"JACC"},{"issue":"7","key":"604_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.57.7.602","volume":"57","author":"C Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m C, Lindberg E, Elmasry A, H\u00e4gg A, Sv\u00e4rdsudd K, Janson C. Prevalence of sleep apnoea and snoring in hypertensive men: a population based study. Thorax. 2002;57(7):602\u20137.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"8","key":"604_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.12.017","volume":"105","author":"LF Drager","year":"2010","unstructured":"Drager LF, Genta PR, Pedrosa RP, Nerbass FB, Gonzaga CC, Krieger EM, et al. Characteristics and predictors of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2010;105(8):1135\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119120","volume":"99","author":"D Brooks","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brooks D, Horner RL, Kozar LF, Render-Teixeira CL, Phillipson EA. Obstructive sleep apnea as a cause of systemic hypertension. Evidence from a canine model. J Clin Invest. 1997;99(1):106\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.90.4.1600","volume":"90","author":"EC Fletcher","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fletcher EC. Invited review: physiological consequences of intermittent hypoxia: systemic blood pressure. J Appl Physiol. 2001;90(4):1600\u20135.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"604_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005113421901","volume":"342","author":"PE Peppard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M, Skatrud J. Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(19):1378\u201384. A prospective study in 709 subjects from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort that found a dose response association between apnea index and incidental hypertension after 4 years of follow-up.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"604_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200712-1809OC","volume":"179","author":"GT O'Connor","year":"2009","unstructured":"O'Connor GT, Caffo B, Newman AB, Quan SF, Rapoport DM, Redline S, et al. Prospective study of sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;179(12):1159\u201364. A prospective study of 2,470 subjects from the Sleep Heart Health Study studying the predictive value of AHI for hypertension and the impact of obesity in this association.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-1237(11)60128-7","volume":"68","author":"V Vardhan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vardhan V, Shanmuganandan K. Hypertension and catecholamine levels in sleep apnoea. Med J Armed Forces India. 2012;68(1):33\u20138.","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India"},{"issue":"5","key":"604_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2580","volume":"131","author":"VA Imadojemu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Imadojemu VA, Mawji Z, Kunselman A, Gray KS, Hogeman CS, Leuenberger UA. Sympathetic chemoreflex responses in obstructive sleep apnea and effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Chest. 2007;131(5):1406\u201313.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"11","key":"604_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.07.050","volume":"102","author":"M Orban","year":"2008","unstructured":"Orban M, Bruce CJ, Pressman GS, Leinveber P, Romero-Corral A, Korinek J, et al. Dynamic changes of left ventricular performance and left atrial volume induced by the Mueller maneuver in healthy young adults and implications for obstructive sleep apnea, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2008;102(11):1557\u201361.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"604_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197908303010901","volume":"301","author":"AJ Buda","year":"1979","unstructured":"Buda AJ, Pinsky MR, Ingels NB, Daughters GT, Stinson EB, Alderman EL. Effect of intrathoracic pressure on left ventricular performance. N Engl J Med. 1979;301(9):453\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"604_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(93)90038-V","volume":"44","author":"VK Somers","year":"1993","unstructured":"Somers VK, Dyken ME, Skinner JL. Autonomic and hemodynamic responses and interactions during the Mueller maneuver in humans. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1993;44(2-3):253\u20139.","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"604_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01291.2006","volume":"102","author":"A-M Park","year":"2007","unstructured":"Park A-M, Suzuki YJ. Effects of intermittent hypoxia on oxidative stress-induced myocardial damage in mice. J Appl Physiol. 2007;102(5):1806\u201314.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.1.29","volume":"30","author":"N Punjabi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Punjabi N, Beamer B. C-reactive protein is associated with sleep disordered breathing independent of adiposity. Sleep. 2007;30(1):29\u201334.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"14","key":"604_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704033361401","volume":"336","author":"PM Ridker","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, Tracy RP, Hennekens CH. Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(14):973\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"604_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.189141","volume":"51","author":"DA Calhoun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Calhoun DA, Jones D, Textor S, Goff DC, Murphy TP, Toto RD, et al. Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research. Hypertension. 2008;51(6):1403\u201319.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"6","key":"604_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328353634e","volume":"30","author":"A Sierra de la","year":"2012","unstructured":"de la Sierra A, Banegas JR, Oliveras A, Gorostidi M, Segura J, de la Cruz JJ, et al. Clinical differences between resistant hypertensives and patients treated and controlled with three or less drugs. J Hypertens. 2012;30(6):1211\u20136.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"5","key":"604_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.179788","volume":"58","author":"RP Pedrosa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pedrosa RP, Drager LF, Gonzaga CC, Sousa MG, de Paula LKG, Amaro ACS, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea: the most common secondary cause of hypertension associated with resistant hypertension. Hypertension. 2011;58(5):811\u20137.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"8","key":"604_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpu023","volume":"27","author":"ES Muxfeldt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Muxfeldt ES, Margallo VS, Guimar\u00e3es GM, Salles GF. Prevalence and associated factors of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with resistant hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2014;27(8):1069\u201378.","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27878","volume":"6","author":"CC Gonzaga","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gonzaga CC, Gaddam K, Ahmed MI, Pimenta E, Thomas SJ, Harding SH, et al. Severity of obstructive sleep apnea is related to aldosterone status in subjects with resistant hypertension. J Clin Sleep Med. 2010;6(4):363.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"604_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2011.47","volume":"26","author":"T Dudenbostel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dudenbostel T, Calhoun DA. Resistant hypertension, obstructive sleep apnoea and aldosterone. J Hum Hypertens. 2012;26(5):281\u20137.","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"11","key":"604_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.06.015","volume":"15","author":"P Dobrowolski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dobrowolski P, Klisiewicz A, Florczak E, Prejbisz A, Biele\u0144 P, Sliwi\u0144ski P, et al. Independent association of obstructive sleep apnea with left ventricular geometry and systolic function in resistant hypertension: the RESIST-POL study. Sleep Med. 2014;15(11):1302\u20138.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"604_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"LJ Epstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Epstein LJ, Kristo D, Strollo Jr PJ, Friedman N, Malhotra A, Patil SP, et al. Clinical guideline for the evaluation, management and long-term care of obstructive sleep apnea in adults. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009;5(3):1\u201314. A guideline designed to assist in obstructive sleep apnea treatment including information for outcomes and long-term follow up for each treatment option.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"604_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12472","volume":"17","author":"X Hu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hu X, Fan J, Chen S, Yin Y, Zrenner B. The role of continuous positive airway pressure in blood pressure control for patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2015;17(3):215\u201322.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04852","volume":"65","author":"ES Muxfeldt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Muxfeldt ES, Margallo V, Costa LMS, Guimar\u00e3es G, Cavalcante AH, Azevedo JCM, et al. Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on clinic and ambulatory blood pressures in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and resistant hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Hypertension. 2015;65(4):736\u201342.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"10","key":"604_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32833b9c63","volume":"28","author":"L Lozano","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lozano L, Tovar JL, Sampol G, Romero O, Jurado MJ, Segarra A, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment in sleep apnea patients with resistant hypertension: a randomized, controlled trial. J Hypertens. 2010;28(10):2161\u20138.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"8","key":"604_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.8.757","volume":"167","author":"P Haentjens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Haentjens P, Van Meerhaeghe A, Moscariello A, De Weerdt S, Poppe K, Dupont A, et al. The impact of continuous positive airway pressure on blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: evidence from a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(8):757\u201364.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200708-119MG","volume":"5","author":"TE Weaver","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weaver TE, Grunstein RR. Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy: the challenge to effective treatment. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2008;5(2):173\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-014-1038-1","volume":"19","author":"B Jurado-Gamez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jurado-Gamez B, Bardwell WA, Cordova-Pacheco LJ, Garc\u00eda-Amores M, Feu-Collado N, Buela-Casal G. A basic intervention improves CPAP adherence in sleep apnoea patients: a controlled trial. Sleep Breath. 2015;19(2):509\u201314.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"issue":"24","key":"604_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306766","volume":"370","author":"DJ Gottlieb","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gottlieb DJ, Punjabi NM, Mehra R, Patel SR, Quan SF, Babineau DC, et al. CPAP versus oxygen in obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(24):2276\u201385. A randomized, controlled clinical trial including 281 subjects with significant cardiovascular disease comparing the effects of overnight CPAP versus oxygen treatment in ambulatory systolic blood pressure.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"604_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.6.1459","volume":"129","author":"F Campos-Rodriguez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Campos-Rodriguez F, Grilo-Reina A, Perez-Ronchel J, Merino-Sanchez M, Gonzalez-Benitez MA, Beltran-Robles M, et al. Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on ambulatory BP in patients with sleep apnea and hypertension: a placebo-controlled trial. Chest. 2006;129(6):1459\u201367.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"24","key":"604_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306187","volume":"370","author":"JA Chirinos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chirinos JA, Gurubhagavatula I, Teff K, Rader DJ, Wadden TA, Townsend R, et al. CPAP, weight loss, or both for obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(24):2265\u201375.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"604_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.266","volume":"169","author":"GD Foster","year":"2009","unstructured":"Foster GD, Borradaile KE, Sanders MH, Millman R, Zammit G, Newman AB, et al. Sleep AHEAD Research Group of Look AHEAD Research Group. A randomized study on the effect of weight loss on obstructive sleep apnea among obese patients with type 2 diabetes: the Sleep AHEAD study. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(17):1619\u201326. An study in 264 subjects with the type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity of the impact of weight loss in obstructive sleep apnea severity.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"604_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000165680.59733.d4","volume":"45","author":"L Aucott","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aucott L, Poobalan A, Smith WCS, Avenell A, Jung R, Broom J. Effects of weight loss in overweight\/obese individuals and long-term hypertension outcomes: a systematic review. Hypertension. 2005;45(6):1035\u201341.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.173799","volume":"58","author":"A Witkowski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Witkowski A, Prejbisz A, Florczak E, Kadziela J, Sliwinski P, Bielen P, et al. Effects of renal sympathetic denervation on blood pressure, sleep apnea course, and glycemic control in patients with resistant hypertension and sleep apnea. Hypertension. 2011;58(4):559\u201365.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.901801","volume":"122","author":"D Gottlieb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gottlieb D, Yenokyan G, Newman A, O'Connor G, Punjabi N, Quan S, et al. Prospective study of obstructive sleep apnea and incident coronary heart disease and heart failure. The Sleep Heart Health Study. Circulation. 2010;122(4):352\u201360. A prospective study of the sex-specific associations between obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular complications (heart failure and coronary heart disease) after more 8 years of follow-up in 4,422 subjects from the Sleep Heart Health Study.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.1.2001008","volume":"163","author":"E Shahar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shahar E, Whitney C, Redline S, Lee E, Newman A, Nieto F, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease. Cross-sectional results of the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(1):19.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"604_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2007","volume":"88","author":"E Abel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abel E, Litwin S. Cardiac remodeling in obesity. Physiol Rev. 2008;88:389\u2013419.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"604_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2007014","volume":"163","author":"M Niroumand","year":"2001","unstructured":"Niroumand M, Kuperstein R, Sasson Z, Hanly PJ. Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on left ventricular mass and diastolic function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(7):1632.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"604_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.717892","volume":"117","author":"HA Chami","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chami HA, Devereux RB, Gottdiener JS, Mehra R, Roman MJ, Benjamin EJ, et al. Left ventricular morphology and systolic function in sleep-disordered breathing: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Circulation. 2008;117(20):2599\u2013607. A cross-sectional study in 2,058 subjects from the Sleep Heart Health Study describing the association between left ventricular structure and function assessed by echocardiography and sleep apnea severity.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"604_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.2013.0043","volume":"20","author":"K Aslan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aslan K, Deniz A, Cayli M, Bozdemir H, Sarica Y, Seydaoglu G. Early left ventricular functional alterations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Cardiol J. 2013;20(5):519\u201325.","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"key":"604_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dobrowolski P, Prejbisz A, Klisiewicz A, Florczak E, Rybicka J, Januszewicz A, Hoffman P. Determinants of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with resistant hypertension: RESIST-POL study. Hypertens Res. 2015.","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2015.39"},{"issue":"6","key":"604_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2014.43","volume":"37","author":"A Prejbisz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prejbisz A, Florczak E, Pr\u0119gowska-Chwa\u0142a B, Klisiewicz A, Ku\u015bmierczyk- Droszcz B, Zieli\u0144ski T, et al. Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and markers of cardiovascular alterations in never-treated hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2014;37(6):573\u20139.","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"604_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2012.86","volume":"25","author":"ACK Larstorp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Larstorp ACK, Okin PM, Devereux RB, Olsen MH, Ibsen H, Dahl\u00f6f B, et al. Regression of ECG-LVH is associated with lower risk of new-onset heart failure and mortality in patients with isolated systolic hypertension; The LIFE study. Am J Hypertens. 2012;25(10):1101\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.2.594","volume":"124","author":"TV Cloward","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cloward TV. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a common echocardiographic abnormality in severe obstructive sleep apnea and reverses with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Chest. 2003;124(2):594\u2013601.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"12","key":"604_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2008.09.007","volume":"21","author":"W Oliveira","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oliveira W, Campos O, Bezerra Lira-Filho E, Cintra FD, Vieira M, Ponchirolli A, et al. Left atrial volume and function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea assessed by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008;21(12):1355\u201361.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"22","key":"604_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2009.173625","volume":"95","author":"W Oliveira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oliveira W, Campos O, Cintra F, Matos L, Vieira MLC, Rollim B, et al. Impact of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on left atrial volume and function in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea assessed by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. Heart. 2009;95(22):1872\u20138.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2008.00809.x","volume":"26","author":"A Kepez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kepez A, Niksarlioglu EYO, Hazirolan T, Ranci O, Kabul HK, Demir AU, et al. Early myocardial functional alterations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Echocardiography. 2009;26(4):388\u201396.","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.09.014","volume":"14","author":"Y Usui","year":"2013","unstructured":"Usui Y, Takata Y, Inoue Y, Tomiyama H, Kurohane S, Hashimura Y, et al. Severe obstructive sleep apnea impairs left ventricular diastolic function in non-obese men. Sleep Med. 2013;14(2):1\u20135.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"604_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2011.10.017","volume":"9","author":"H Dimitri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dimitri H, Ng M, Brooks AG, Kuklik P, Stiles MK, Lau DH, et al. Atrial remodeling in obstructive sleep apnea: implications for atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2012;9(3):321\u20137.","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"604_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200509-1442OC","volume":"173","author":"R Mehra","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mehra R, Benjamin EJ, Shahar E, Gottlieb DJ, Nawabit R, Kirchner HL, et al. Association of nocturnal arrhythmias with sleep-disordered breathing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173:910\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.02.343","volume":"108","author":"CY Ng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ng CY, Liu T, Shehata M, Stevens S, Chugh SS, Wang X. Meta-analysis of obstructive sleep apnea as predictor of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108(1):47\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.03.052","volume":"62","author":"AS Fein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fein AS, Shvilkin A, Shah D, Haffajee CI, Das S, Kumar K, et al. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea reduces the risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(4):300\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.1.100","volume":"102","author":"P Hanly","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hanly P. Ventricular function in snorers and patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest. 1992;102(1):100.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.086348","volume":"125","author":"AM Shah","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shah AM, Solomon SD. Myocardial deformation imaging. Circulation. 2012;125(2):244\u20138.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"604_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jep068","volume":"10","author":"N Haruki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Haruki N, Takeuchi M, Nakai H, Kanazawa Y, Tsubota N, Shintome R, et al. Overnight sleeping induced daily repetitive left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnoea: quantitative assessment using tissue Doppler imaging. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2009;10(6):769\u201375.","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"9","key":"604_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2012.01762.x","volume":"29","author":"KI Cho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cho KI, Kwon JH, Kim SM, Park TJ, Lee HG, Kim TI. Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on the global myocardial performance beyond obesity. Echocardiography. 2012;29(9):1071\u201380.","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"issue":"13","key":"604_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022479","volume":"348","author":"Y Kaneko","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kaneko Y, Floras JS, Usui K, Plante J, Tkacova R, Kubo T, et al. Cardiovascular effects of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(13):1233\u201341. An study in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and severe sleep apnea in whom treatment with CPAP for 1-month improved left ventricular function and systolic blood pressure.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"604_CR66","volume":"8","author":"H Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun H, Shi J, Li M, Chen X. Impact of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(5), e62298.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr001","volume":"32","author":"N Galie","year":"2011","unstructured":"Galie N, Hoeper MM, Humbert M, Torbicki A, Vachiery JL, Barbera JA, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(4):385\u201392.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.2.8306039","volume":"149","author":"D Sajkov","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sajkov D, Cowie RJ, Thornton AT, Espinoza HA, McEvoy RD. Pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;149(2):416\u201322.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR69","first-page":"42","volume":"33","author":"M Apprill","year":"1991","unstructured":"Apprill M, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, Oswald M, Kurtz D. Frequency and mechanism of daytime pulmonary hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Cor Vasa. 1991;33(1):42\u20139.","journal-title":"Cor Vasa"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.2.380","volume":"109","author":"A Chaouat","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chaouat A, Weitzenblum E, Krieger J, Oswald M, Kessler R. Pulmonary hemodynamics in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Results in 220 consecutive patients. Chest. 1996;109(2):380\u20136.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"11","key":"604_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.11.934","volume":"55","author":"E Bady","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bady E, Achkar A, Pascal S, Orvoen-Frija E, Laaban JP. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Thorax. 2000;55(11):934\u20139.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"4","key":"604_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.96.4.729","volume":"96","author":"J Krieger","year":"1989","unstructured":"Krieger J, Sforza E, Apprill M, Lampert E, Weitzenblum E, Ratomaharo J. Pulmonary hypertension, hypoxemia, and hypercapnia in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Chest. 1989;96(4):729\u201337.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.2.2010092","volume":"165","author":"D Sakov","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sakov D, Wang T, Saunders N, Bune A, Douglas MR. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment improves pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;165(2):152.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"604_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.6.2001092","volume":"164","author":"UC Guidry","year":"2001","unstructured":"Guidry UC, Mendes LA, Evans JC, Levy D, O'Connor GT, Larson MG, et al. Echocardiographic features of the right heart in sleep-disordered breathing: the Framingham Heart Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164(6):933\u20138. From the Framingham Study it included 90 subjects with severe OSA and compared with 90 non-OSA subjects. They found significant right ventricular hypertrophy in severe OSA subjects.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60336-X","volume":"59","author":"PT Hagen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hagen PT, Scholz DG, Edwards WD. Incidence and size of patent foramen ovale during the first 10 decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clin Proc. 1984;59(1):17\u201320.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.07.050","volume":"165","author":"EMT Lau","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lau EMT, Jaijee SK, Melehan KL, Wong KK, Yee BJ, Grunstein RR, et al. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale and its impact on oxygen desaturation in obstructive sleep apnea. Int J Cardiol. 2013;165(1):35\u201340.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"604_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.113.1.91","volume":"113","author":"H Shanoudy","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shanoudy H, Soliman A, Raggi P, Liu JW, Russell DC, Jarmukli NF. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale and its contribution to hypoxemia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest. 1998;113(1):91\u20136.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"8","key":"604_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/25.8.21","volume":"25","author":"M Beelke","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beelke M, Angeli S, Del Sette M, De Carli F, Canovaro P, Nobili L, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea can be provocative for right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale. Sleep. 2002;25(8):856\u201362.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"2","key":"604_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200911-1746OC","volume":"182","author":"S Redline","year":"2010","unstructured":"Redline S, Yenokyan G, Gottlieb DJ, Shahar E, O'Connor GT, Resnick HE, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea and incident stroke: the sleep heart health study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;182(2):269\u201377.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"604_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zanchetta M, Pedon L, Maiolino P. Obstructive sleep apnea and patent foramen ovale. Circulation. 2004;109(7):e69\u2013author reply e69.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000116427.74240.3D"},{"issue":"9","key":"604_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.12.052","volume":"99","author":"ME Otto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Otto ME, Belohlavek M, Romero-Corral A, Gami AS, Gilman G, Svatikova A, et al. Comparison of cardiac structural and functional changes in obese otherwise healthy adults with versus without obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(9):1298\u2013302.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"604_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2703","volume":"131","author":"LF Drager","year":"2007","unstructured":"Drager LF, Bortolotto LA, Figueiredo AC, Caldin Silva B, Krieger EM, Lorenzi-Filho G. Obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, and their interaction on arterial stiffness and heart remodeling. Chest. 2007;131(5):1379.","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Current Hypertension Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11906-015-0604-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11906-015-0604-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11906-015-0604-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T03:58:41Z","timestamp":1599710321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11906-015-0604-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["604"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11906-015-0604-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1522-6417","1534-3111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1522-6417","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3111","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]]},"article-number":"91"}}