{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T07:58:38Z","timestamp":1793951918237,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,12]],"date-time":"2012-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-012-0253-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,11]],"date-time":"2012-02-11T12:58:54Z","timestamp":1328965134000},"page":"182-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and REM Sleep Without Atonia as an Early Manifestation of Degenerative Neurological Disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"McCarter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik K.","family":"St. Louis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley F.","family":"Boeve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"253_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2008.1348","volume":"18","author":"CL Bodkin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bodkin CL, Schenck CH. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in women: relevance to general and specialty medical practice. J Women\u2019s Health. 2009;18(12):1955\u201363.","journal-title":"J Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"253_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05115.x","volume":"1184","author":"BF Boeve","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Boeve BF. REM sleep behavior disorder: Updated review of the core features, the REM sleep behavior disorder-neurodegenerative disease association, evolving concepts, controversies, and future directions. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1184:15\u201354. This paper provides a comprehensive and updated review of most key aspects of RBD.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR3","first-page":"513","volume":"23","author":"HF Chiu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chiu HF, Wing YK, Lam LC, et al. Sleep-related injury in the elderly\u2013an epidemiological study in Hong Kong. Sleep. 2000;23(4):513\u20137.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"2","key":"253_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.03.011","volume":"11","author":"B Frauscher","year":"2010","unstructured":"Frauscher B, Gschliesser V, Brandauer E, et al. REM sleep behavior disorder in 703 sleep-disorder patients: the importance of eliciting a comprehensive sleep history. Sleep Med. 2010;11(2):167\u201371.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"253_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23257","volume":"25","author":"J Montplaisir","year":"2010","unstructured":"Montplaisir J, Gagnon JF, Fantini ML, et al. Polysomnographic diagnosis of idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc. 2010;25(13):2044\u201351.","journal-title":"Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"253_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.02.016","volume":"11","author":"MM Ohayon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ohayon MM, Schenck CH. Violent behavior during sleep: prevalence, comorbidity and consequences. Sleep Med. 2010;11(9):941\u20136.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"253_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.2.331","volume":"123","author":"EJ Olson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Olson EJ, Boeve BF, Silber MH. Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder: demographic, clinical and laboratory findings in 93 cases. Brain: J Neurol. 2000;123(Pt 2):331\u20139.","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"issue":"15","key":"253_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000340980.19702.6e","volume":"72","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2009","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Postuma RB, Gagnon JF, Vendette M, Fantini ML, Massicotte-Marquez J, Montplaisir J. Quantifying the risk of neurodegenerative disease in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology. 2009;72(15):1296\u20131300. This paper is the first to quantify the risk of developing features of PD, LBD, MCI, or MSA among RBD subjects.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"253_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/9.2.293","volume":"9","author":"CH Schenck","year":"1986","unstructured":"Schenck CH, Bundlie SR, Ettinger MG, Mahowald MW. Chronic behavioral disorders of human REM sleep: a new category of parasomnia. Sleep. 1986;9(2):293\u2013308.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"12","key":"253_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.155374","volume":"79","author":"YK Wing","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wing YK, Lam SP, Li SX, et al. REM sleep behaviour disorder in Hong Kong Chinese: clinical outcome and gender comparison. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008;79(12):1415\u20136.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"253_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1120","volume":"16","author":"B Boeve","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boeve B, Silber M, Ferman T, Lucas J, Parisi J. Association of REM sleep behavior disorder and neurodegenerative disease may reflect an underlying synucleinopathy. Mov Disord. 2001;16:622\u201330.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"253_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm056","volume":"130","author":"BF Boeve","year":"2007","unstructured":"\u2022 Boeve BF, Silber MH, Saper CB, et al. Pathophysiology of REM sleep behaviour disorder and relevance to neurodegenerative disease. Brain: J Neurol. 2007;130(Pt 11):2770\u20132788. This paper reviews the evidence in animal models for RBD pathophysiology, and proposes which key nuclei and pathways may be involved in human RBD pathophysiology.","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ec7fac","volume":"75","author":"DO Claassen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Claassen DO, Josephs KA, Ahlskog JE, Silber MH, Tippmann-Peikert M, Boeve BF. REM sleep behavior disorder preceding other aspects of synucleinopathies by up to half a century. Neurology. 2010;75(6):494\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"253_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70216-7","volume":"9","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Iranzo A, Lomena F, Stockner H, et al. Decreased striatal dopamine transporter uptake and substantia nigra hyperechogenicity as risk markers of synucleinopathy in patients with idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: a prospective study [corrected]. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9(11):1070\u20131077. This important paper suggests that these two neuroimaging methods may be key biomarkers in identifying RBD subjects who are 1) most likely to have an underlying synucleinopathy, and 2) most likely to develop cognitive impairment and\/or parkinsonism in the near future.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"253_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70476-8","volume":"5","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iranzo A, Molinuevo JL, Santamaria J, et al. Rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder as an early marker for a neurodegenerative disorder: a descriptive study. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5(7):572\u20137.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.11.007","volume":"6","author":"S Nightingale","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nightingale S, Orgill JC, Ebrahim IO, de Lacy SF, Agrawal S, Williams AJ. The association between narcolepsy and REM behavior disorder (RBD). Sleep Med. 2005;6(3):253\u20138.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"253_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31822e560e","volume":"77","author":"F Sixel-Doring","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sixel-Doring F, Trautmann E, Mollenhauer B, Trenkwalder C. Associated factors for REM sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2011;77(11):1048\u201354.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.07.008","volume":"10","author":"A Bonakis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bonakis A, Howard RS, Ebrahim IO, Merritt S, Williams A. REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) and its associations in young patients. Sleep Med. 2009;10(6):641\u20135.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.07.022","volume":"12","author":"YE Ju","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ju YE, Larson-Prior L, Duntley S. Changing demographics in REM sleep behavior disorder: possible effect of autoimmunity and antidepressants. Sleep Med. 2011;12(3):278\u201383.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"253_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2007.11.019","volume":"10","author":"PT Teman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Teman PT, Tippmann-Peikert M, Silber MH, Slocumb NL, Auger RR. Idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep disorder: associations with antidepressants, psychiatric diagnoses, and other factors, in relation to age of onset. Sleep Med. 2009;10(1):60\u20135.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ca0166","volume":"74","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Postuma RB, Gagnon JF, Rompre S, Montplaisir JY. Severity of REM atonia loss in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder predicts Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2010;74(3):239\u201344.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27988","volume":"6","author":"F Cygan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cygan F, Oudiette D, Leclair-Visonneau L, Leu-Semenescu S, Arnulf I. Night-to-night variability of muscle tone, movements, and vocalizations in patients with REM sleep behavior disorder. J Clin Sleep Med. 2010;6(6):551\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"253_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.7.844","volume":"30","author":"Y Dauvilliers","year":"2007","unstructured":"\u2022 Dauvilliers Y, Rompre S, Gagnon JF, Vendette M, Petit D, Montplaisir J. REM sleep characteristics in narcolepsy and REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep. 2007;30(7):844\u2013849. This paper reviews the key aspects of REM sleep in narcolepsy and RBD.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"1","key":"253_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00631.x","volume":"17","author":"R Ferri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ferri R, Manconi M, Plazzi G, et al. A quantitative statistical analysis of the submentalis muscle EMG amplitude during sleep in normal controls and patients with REM sleep behavior disorder. J Sleep Res. 2008;17(1):89\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"253_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.06.003","volume":"11","author":"R Ferri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ferri R, Rundo F, Manconi M, et al. Improved computation of the atonia index in normal controls and patients with REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med. 2010;11(9):947\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.04.021","volume":"12","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Iranzo A, Frauscher B, Santos H, et al. Usefulness of the SINBAR electromyographic montage to detect the motor and vocal manifestations occurring in REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med. 2011;12(3):284\u20138.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"253_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.7.1371","volume":"42","author":"O Lapierre","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lapierre O, Montplaisir J. Polysomnographic features of REM sleep behavior disorder: development of a scoring method. Neurology. 1992;42(7):1371\u20134.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"253_CR28","unstructured":"International classification of sleep disorders, 2nd edition: Diagnositc and coding manual. American Acad Sleep Med. 2005."},{"key":"253_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferri R, Bruni O, Fulda S, Zucconi M, Plazzi G. A quantitative analysis of the submentalis muscle electromyographic amplitude during rapid eye movement sleep across the lifespan. J Sleep Res. 2011.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2011.00958.x"},{"key":"253_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boot B, Boeve B, Roberts R, et al. Probable REM sleep behavior disorder increases risk for mild cognitive impairment and Parkinson\u2019s disease: A population-based study. Ann Neurol. 2012;71(1):49\u201356.","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22655"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.12.009","volume":"12","author":"BF Boeve","year":"2011","unstructured":"Boeve BF, Molano JR, Ferman TJ, et al. Validation of the mayo sleep questionnaire to screen for REM sleep behavior disorder in an aging and dementia cohort. Sleep Med. 2011;12(5):445\u201353.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"253_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.06.008","volume":"11","author":"SX Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li SX, Wing YK, Lam SP, et al. Validation of a new REM sleep behavior disorder questionnaire (RBDQ-HK). Sleep Med. 2010;11(1):43\u20138.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"253_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21740","volume":"22","author":"K Stiasny-Kolster","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stiasny-Kolster K, Mayer G, Schafer S, Moller JC, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M, Oertel WH. The REM sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire\u2013a new diagnostic instrument. Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc. 2007;22(16):2386\u201393.","journal-title":"Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"key":"253_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.2.203","volume":"28","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Iranzo A, Santamaria J. Severe obstructive sleep apnea\/hypopnea mimicking REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep. 2005;28:203\u20136.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.5.724","volume":"31","author":"B Frauscher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Frauscher B, Iranzo A, Hogl B, et al. Quantification of electromyographic activity during REM sleep in multiple muscles in REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep. 2008;31(5):724\u201331.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR36","first-page":"619","volume":"34","author":"ML Fantini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fantini ML, Farini E, Ortelli P, et al. Longitudinal study of cognitive function in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep. 2011;34(5):619\u201325.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"2","key":"253_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.2.388","volume":"46","author":"CH Schenck","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schenck CH, Bundlie SR, Mahowald MW. Delayed emergence of a Parkinsonian disorder in 38% of 29 older men initially diagnosed with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Neurology. 1996;46(2):388\u201393.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4\u20136","key":"253_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2006.07.008","volume":"70","author":"ML Fantini","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fantini ML, Postuma RB, Montplaisir J, Ferini-Strambi L. Olfactory deficit in idiopathic rapid eye movements sleep behavior disorder. Brain Res Bull. 2006;70(4\u20136):386\u201390.","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"253_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp244","volume":"132","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2009","unstructured":"\u2022 Postuma RB, Gagnon JF, Vendette M, Montplaisir JY. Markers of neurodegeneration in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain: J Neurol. 2009;132(Pt 12):3298\u20133307. This paper reviews the key clinical, electrophysiologic, neuropsychologic, neuroimaging, etc. findings associated with RBD and PD.","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22282","volume":"69","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Postuma RB, Gagnon JF, Vendette M, Desjardins C, Montplaisir JY. Olfaction and color vision identify impending neurodegeneration in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Ann Neurol. 2011;69(5):811\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5328-7","volume":"257","author":"A Marques","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marques A, Dujardin K, Boucart M, et al. REM sleep behaviour disorder and visuoperceptive dysfunction: a disorder of the ventral visual stream? J Neurol. 2010;257(3):383\u201391.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2007.06.013","volume":"9","author":"M Terzaghi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Terzaghi M, Sinforiani E, Zucchella C, et al. Cognitive performance in REM sleep behaviour disorder: a possible early marker of neurodegenerative disease? Sleep Med. 2008;9(4):343\u201351.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"253_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000286943.79593.a6","volume":"70","author":"J Massicotte-Marquez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Massicotte-Marquez J, Decary A, Gagnon JF, et al. Executive dysfunction and memory impairment in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology. 2008;70(15):1250\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10547","volume":"53","author":"ML Fantini","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fantini ML, Gagnon JF, Petit D, et al. Slowing of electroencephalogram in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Ann Neurol. 2003;53(6):774\u201380.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.03.006","volume":"11","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Iranzo A, Isetta V, Molinuevo JL, et al. Electroencephalographic slowing heralds mild cognitive impairment in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med. 2010;11(6):534\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"253_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frauscher B, Nomura T, Duerr S, et al. Investigation of autonomic function in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. J Neurol. 2011.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-6298-0"},{"issue":"8","key":"253_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23677","volume":"26","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Postuma RB, Montplaisir J, Lanfranchi P, et al. Cardiac autonomic denervation in Parkinson\u2019s disease is linked to REM sleep behavior disorder. Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc. 2011;26(8):1529\u201333.","journal-title":"Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2011.02201.x","volume":"65","author":"T Nomura","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nomura T, Inoue Y, Hogl B, et al. Comparison of the clinical features of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and multiple system atrophy. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011;65(3):264\u201371.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"253_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq379","volume":"134","author":"VC Cock De","year":"2011","unstructured":"De Cock VC, Debs R, Oudiette D, et al. The improvement of movement and speech during rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in multiple system atrophy. Brain: J Neurol. 2011;134(Pt 3):856\u201362.","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.5.951","volume":"52","author":"TJ Ferman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Smith GE, et al. REM sleep behavior disorder and dementia: cognitive differences when compared with AD. Neurology. 1999;52(5):951\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040500376831","volume":"20","author":"TJ Ferman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ferman TJ, Smith GE, Boeve BF, et al. Neuropsychological differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies from normal aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Clin Neuropsychol. 2006;20(4):623\u201336.","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"9","key":"253_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31822c9148","volume":"77","author":"TJ Ferman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Smith GE, et al. Inclusion of RBD improves the diagnostic classification of dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurology. 2011;77(9):875\u201382.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"253_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp280","volume":"133","author":"J Molano","year":"2010","unstructured":"Molano J, Boeve B, Ferman T, et al. Mild cognitive impairment associated with limbic and neocortical Lewy body disease: a clinicopathological study. Brain: J Neurol. 2010;133(Pt 2):540\u201356.","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"253_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.03.022","volume":"305","author":"PC Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen PC, Wu D, Chen CC, Chi NF, Kang JH, Hu CJ. Rapid eye movement sleep atonia in patients with cognitive impairment. J Neurol Sci. 2011;305(1\u20132):34\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.64.5.683","volume":"64","author":"G Plazzi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Plazzi G, Cortelli P, Montagna P, et al. REM sleep behaviour disorder differentiates pure autonomic failure from multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998;64(5):683\u20135.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000198251.94422.F3","volume":"66","author":"A Weyer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Weyer A, Minnerop M, Abele M, Klockgether T. REM sleep behavioral disorder in pure autonomic failure (PAF). Neurology. 2006;66(4):608\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR57","first-page":"349","volume":"28","author":"I Arnulf","year":"2005","unstructured":"Arnulf I, Merino-Andreu M, Bloch F, et al. REM sleep behavior disorder and REM sleep without atonia in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy. Sleep. 2005;28(3):349\u201354.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"10","key":"253_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.10.1321","volume":"29","author":"JF Gagnon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gagnon JF, Petit D, Fantini ML, et al. REM sleep behavior disorder and REM sleep without atonia in probable Alzheimer disease. Sleep. 2006;29(10):1321\u20135.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"253_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.2.268","volume":"63","author":"B Boeve","year":"2006","unstructured":"Boeve B, Lin S-C, Strongosky A, Dickson D, Wszolek Z. Absence of REM sleep behavior disorder in eleven members of the PPND kindred. Arch Neurol. 2006;63:268\u201372.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"253_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320103","volume":"32","author":"C Schenck","year":"1992","unstructured":"Schenck C, Mahowald M. Motor dyscontrol in narcolepsy: rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep without atonia and REM sleep behavior disorder. Ann Neurol. 1992;32:3\u201310.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"253_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.6.767","volume":"30","author":"Y Compta","year":"2007","unstructured":"Compta Y, Iranzo A, Santamar\u00eda J, Casamitjana R, Graus F. REM sleep behavior disorder and narcoleptic features in anti-Ma2-associated encephalitis. Sleep. 2007;30:767\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"10","key":"253_CR62","first-page":"1409","volume":"31","author":"R Ferri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ferri R, Franceschini C, Zucconi M, et al. Searching for a marker of REM sleep behavior disorder: submentalis muscle EMG amplitude analysis during sleep in patients with narcolepsy\/cataplexy. Sleep. 2008;31(10):1409\u201317.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"253_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.099515","volume":"78","author":"J Mathis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mathis J, Hess C, Bassetti C. Isolated mediotegmental lesion causing narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder: a case evidencing a common pathway in narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78:427\u20139.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.106","volume":"68","author":"JR Cornelius","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cornelius JR, Pittock SJ, McKeon A, et al. Sleep manifestations of voltage-gated potassium channel complex autoimmunity. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(6):733\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"253_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20693","volume":"59","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iranzo A, Graus F, Clover L, et al. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and potassium channel antibody-associated limbic encephalitis. Ann Neurol. 2006;59(1):178\u201381.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-200411000-00008","volume":"21","author":"KA Josephs","year":"2004","unstructured":"Josephs KA, Silber MH, Fealey RD, Nippoldt TB, Auger RG, Vernino S. Neurophysiologic studies in morvan syndrome. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2004;21(6):440\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.05.004","volume":"10","author":"F Sixel-Doring","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sixel-Doring F, Schweitzer M, Mollenhauer B, Trenkwalder C. Polysomnographic findings, video-based sleep analysis and sleep perception in progressive supranuclear palsy. Sleep Med. 2009;10(4):407\u201315.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"253_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000312275.04260.a0","volume":"70","author":"KM Tan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tan KM, Lennon VA, Klein CJ, Boeve BF, Pittock SJ. Clinical spectrum of voltage-gated potassium channel autoimmunity. Neurology. 2008;70(20):1883\u201390.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"253_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000208518.72660.ff","volume":"66","author":"M Tippmann-Peikert","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tippmann-Peikert M, Boeve BF, Keegan BM. REM sleep behavior disorder initiated by acute brainstem multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2006;66(8):1277\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"253_CR70","first-page":"895","volume":"159","author":"M Jouvet","year":"1965","unstructured":"Jouvet M. F D. Locus coeruleus et sommeil paradoxal. C R Soc Biol. 1965;159:895\u20139.","journal-title":"C R Soc Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"253_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(79)90981-8","volume":"176","author":"K Sakai","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sakai K, Sastre JP, Salvert D, Touret M, Tohyama M, Jouvet M. Tegmentoreticular projections with special reference to the muscular atonia during paradoxical sleep in the cat: an HRP study. Brain Res. 1979;176(2):233\u201354.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"253_CR72","unstructured":"Jouvet M. Structures and mechanisms for paradoxical sleep. Neurophysiology of the States of Sleep: The American Physiological Society; 1967:146\u2013157."},{"issue":"7093","key":"253_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04767","volume":"441","author":"J Lu","year":"2006","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Lu J, Sherman D, Devor M, Saper CB. A putative flip-flop switch for control of REM sleep. Nature. 2006;441(7093):589\u2013594. This landmark paper presents data in an animal model supporting the flip-flop switch mechanism of REM sleep control, and the pertinence of this mechanism to understanding normal and abnormal REM sleep in humans.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"253_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp320","volume":"133","author":"S Knudsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Knudsen S, Gammeltoft S, Jennum PJ. Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in patients with narcolepsy is associated with hypocretin-1 deficiency. Brain: J Neurol. 2010;133(Pt 2):568\u201379.","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"253_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.02954.x","volume":"17","author":"KN Anderson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anderson KN, Vincent A, Smith IE, Shneerson JM. Cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin levels are normal in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder. Eur J Neurol. 2010;17(8):1105\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"253_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-004-0956-9","volume":"318","author":"H Braak","year":"2004","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Braak H, Ghebremedhin E, Rub U, Bratzke H, Del Tredici K. Stages in the development of Parkinson\u2019s disease-related pathology. Cell Tissue Res. 2004;318(1):121\u2013134. This outstanding paper reviews in significant detail the six stages of PD pathology, which meshes with observation of RBD preceding the onset of parkinsonism and cognitive impairment in those with evolving PD.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"253_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm097","volume":"130","author":"TC Thannickal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thannickal TC, Lai YY, Siegel JM. Hypocretin (orexin) cell loss in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain: J Neurol. 2007;130(Pt 6):1586\u201395.","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.1470","volume":"7","author":"MJ Howell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Howell MJ, Arneson PA, Schenck CH. A novel therapy for REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). J Clin Sleep Med. 2011;7(6):639\u2013644A.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(03)00072-8","volume":"4","author":"BF Boeve","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boeve BF, Silber MH, Ferman TJ. Melatonin for treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder in neurologic disorders: results in 14 patients. Sleep Med. 2003;4(4):281\u20134.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199905)14:3<507::AID-MDS1021>3.0.CO;2-8","volume":"14","author":"D Kunz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kunz D, Bes F. Melatonin as a therapy in REM sleep behavior disorder patients: an open-labeled pilot study on the possible influence of melatonin on REM-sleep regulation. Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc. 1999;14(3):507\u201311.","journal-title":"Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2010.00848.x","volume":"19","author":"D Kunz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kunz D, Mahlberg R. A two-part, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of exogenous melatonin in REM sleep behaviour disorder. J Sleep Res. 2010;19(4):591\u20136.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"253_CR82","first-page":"10","volume":"57","author":"CH Schenck","year":"1990","unstructured":"Schenck CH, Mahowald MW. A polysomnographic, neurologic, psychiatric and clinical outcome report on 70 consecutive cases with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD): sustained clonzepam efficacy in 89.5% of 57 treated patients. Clev Clin J Med. 1990;57(Suppl):10\u201324.","journal-title":"Clev Clin J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2008.01.015","volume":"110","author":"A Bonakis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bonakis A, Howard RS, Williams A. Narcolepsy presenting as REM sleep behaviour disorder. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2008;110(5):518\u201320.","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)89493-4","volume":"100","author":"CH Schenck","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schenck CH, Mahowald MW. Long-term, nightly benzodiazepine treatment of injurious parasomnias and other disorders of disrupted nocturnal sleep in 170 adults. Am J Med. 1996;100(3):333\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"253_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahowald MW, CH S. REM sleep parasomnias In: M.H. K, T R, WC D, eds. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. 4 ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005:897\u2013916.","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-72-160797-7\/50082-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27492","volume":"5","author":"KN Anderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anderson KN, Shneerson JM. Drug treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder: the use of drug therapies other than clonazepam. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009;5(3):235\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"253_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1819.2001.00854.x","volume":"55","author":"N Takeuchi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Takeuchi N, Uchimura N, Hashizume Y, et al. Melatonin therapy for REM sleep behavior disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001;55(3):267\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000233926.47469.73","volume":"67","author":"JF Gagnon","year":"2006","unstructured":"\u2022 Gagnon JF, Postuma RB, Montplaisir J. Update on the pharmacology of REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology. 2006;67(5):742\u2013747. This paper is an excellent review of the literature on treatments for RBD.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10233","volume":"17","author":"D Garcia-Borreguero","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garcia-Borreguero D, Caminero AB, De La Llave Y, et al. Decreased phasic EMG activity during rapid eye movement sleep in treatment-naive Parkinson\u2019s disease: effects of treatment with levodopa and progression of illness. Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc. 2002;17(5):934\u201341.","journal-title":"Mov Disord: Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"253_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.61.10.1418","volume":"61","author":"ML Fantini","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fantini ML, Gagnon JF, Filipini D, Montplaisir J. The effects of Pramipexole in REM sleep behavior disorder. Neurology. 2003;61(10):1418\u201320.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"253_CR91","first-page":"1418","volume":"31","author":"H Kumru","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kumru H, Iranzo A, Carrasco E, et al. Lack of effects of Pramipexole on REM sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson disease. Sleep. 2008;31(10):1418\u201321.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"5","key":"253_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.03.018","volume":"7","author":"MH Schmidt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schmidt MH, Koshal VB, Schmidt HS. Use of Pramipexole in REM sleep behavior disorder: results from a case series. Sleep Med. 2006;7(5):418\u201323.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"253_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610203009621","volume":"15","author":"G Massironi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Massironi G, Galluzzi S, Frisoni GB. Drug treatment of REM sleep behavior disorders in dementia with Lewy bodies. Intern Psychogeriatr\/IPA. 2003;15(4):377\u201383.","journal-title":"Intern Psychogeriatr\/IPA"},{"issue":"6","key":"253_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.6.870","volume":"55","author":"JM Ringman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ringman JM, Simmons JH. Treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder with donepezil: a report of three cases. Neurology. 2000;55(6):870\u20131.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"253_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2008.06.015","volume":"32","author":"H Shinno","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shinno H, Kamei M, Nakamura Y, Inami Y, Horiguchi J. Successful treatment with Yi-Gan San for rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Prog Neuro-psychopharmacol Biological Psychiat. 2008;32(7):1749\u201351.","journal-title":"Prog Neuro-psychopharmacol Biological Psychiat"},{"key":"253_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70221-0","volume":"9","author":"B Boeve","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boeve B. Predicting the future in idiopathic rapid-eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:1040\u20132.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"}],"container-title":["Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11910-012-0253-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11910-012-0253-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11910-012-0253-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T08:08:08Z","timestamp":1593677288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11910-012-0253-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,12]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}},"alternative-id":["253"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11910-012-0253-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1528-4042","1534-6293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1528-4042","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-6293","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,12]]}}}