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Percutaneous occipital nerve stimulation has shown similar efficacy to DBS and is less risky in both CCH and chronic migraine (CM). Non-invasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation is a promising add-on treatment for CCH but not for CM. Transcutaneous external trigeminal nerve stimulation may be effective in treating CM; however, it has not yet been tested for cluster headache. Transcranial magnetic and electric stimulations have promising preventive effects against CM and CCH.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although the precise mode of action of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques remains largely unknown and there is a paucity of controlled trials, they should be preferred to more invasive techniques for treating CDH.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-022-01025-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T16:19:04Z","timestamp":1644250744000},"page":"267-278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Neuromodulation for Chronic Daily Headache"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8510-6925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Coppola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Magis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Casillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Sebastianelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Abagnale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Cioffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Di Lenola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cherubino","family":"Di Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Serrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"1025_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12601","volume":"55","author":"C Cameron","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cameron C, Kelly S, Hsieh SC, Murphy M, Chen L, Kotb A, et al. 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C., F. C., G. S., C. A., E. C. C. D. L., and M. S. declare no conflict of interest related to the topic of the present manuscript. D. M. received research and travel grants from ElectroCore. She contributed to the study with the supraorbital device Cefaly Technology without any compensation. She took place to several advisory boards organised by Medtronic without any compensation. She kindly received support for training from Theranica Bio-Electronics Ltd without any compensation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent"}}]}}