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Eligible studies included clinical reports of interventional procedures for pediatric spine related pain. Primary outcomes were pain reduction measured by subjective scales or validated instruments; secondary outcomes included safety and adverse events. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the MASTER and GRADE scales.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 578 identified studies, 8 met inclusion criteria, encompassing 258 pediatric patients. Interventions included epidural steroid injections (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009227), sacroiliac joint injections (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200913), facet injections (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092), ozone discolysis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092), medial branch blocks (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), interspinous ligament injections (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), and microdiscectomy (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091). Across all studies, some degree of pain relief was reported, with functional improvement noted when measured. Adverse events were rare, mild, and transient, including a post-procedural headache and a transient sciatic motor block. No major long-term complications were reported. Evidence certainty was graded as \u2018very low\u2019 due to small sample sizes, observational designs, and heterogeneous methodologies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preliminary evidence suggests spinal interventions may provide pain relief and functional improvement for carefully selected pediatric patients refractory to conservative measures, with a safety profile comparable to adults. However, evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. Larger, controlled studies are needed to guide clinical practice and inform future guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-026-01521-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T02:16:35Z","timestamp":1784168195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Minimally Invasive Spinal Interventions for Back and Neck Pain in the Pediatric Population: a Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Jevotovsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4243-2720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruben","family":"Dovlatyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mermelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roi","family":"Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Dukat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Hirani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Portugal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy Espiritu","family":"McKay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"1521_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003267","volume":"165","author":"CT Chambers","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chambers CT, Dol J, Tutelman PR, et al. 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