{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T01:27:21Z","timestamp":1786670841204,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Psychiatry Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose of Review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recurrent deliberate foreign body ingestion (DFBI) is a high-risk, resource-intensive behavior most often associated with underlying psychiatric conditions. Although medical and surgical complications are well documented, the psychiatric drivers and optimal management of DFBI are less well characterized. This review synthesizes current evidence on the epidemiology, psychiatric comorbidities, behavioral mechanisms, management strategies, and ethical challenges associated with DFBI [1, 2, 4, 6].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent work highlights the roles of emotion dysregulation, personality pathology\u2014particularly borderline personality disorder\u2014and reinforcement mechanisms in perpetuating recurrent ingestion [1, 3, 10]. A small subset of individuals accounts for a disproportionate share of hospitalizations, underscoring the chronic and relapsing nature of this behavior and its substantial healthcare costs [1, 4]. Effective care requires coordinated multidisciplinary management that integrates medical stabilization with psychiatric treatment, including structured behavioral plans, consistent team-based responses, and attention to countertransference [2, 7]. Psychotherapeutic modalities, particularly dialectical behavior therapy and borderline personality disorder\u2013informed models, are central to long-term management, while pharmacologic interventions primarily target comorbid conditions rather than ingestion [10\u201312]. Ethical considerations, including assessment of decision-making capacity, perceptions of futility, and resource allocation, further complicate care [13\u201315].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DFBI is a complex, recurrent behavior driven by diverse psychiatric, behavioral, and systemic factors. Effective management requires coordinated multidisciplinary care that integrates medical stabilization, psychiatric treatment, structured behavioral interventions, and ethical decision-making to reduce recurrence and improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-026-01712-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:46:51Z","timestamp":1786668411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recurrent Deliberate Foreign Body Ingestion: Psychiatric Comorbidities, Management Strategies, and Ethical Considerations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6881-3562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina V.","family":"Raghunandan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4306-725X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5000-8834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1712_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562231189431","volume":"31","author":"P Kaazan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaazan P, Seow W, Tan Z, et al. Deliberate foreign body ingestion in patients with underlying mental illness: a retrospective multicentre study. Australas Psychiatry. 2023;31:619\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10398562231189431.","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"key":"1712_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2011.06.011","volume":"33","author":"BA Poynter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Poynter BA, Hunter JJ, Coverdale JH, Kempinsky CA. Hard to swallow: a systematic review of deliberate foreign body ingestion. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011;33:518\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2011.06.011.","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"1712_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.48.2.152","volume":"48","author":"DF Gitlin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gitlin DF, Caplan JP, Rogers MP, et al. Foreign-body ingestion in patients with personality disorders. Psychosomatics. 2007;48:152\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.psy.48.2.152.","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"1712_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.07.013","volume":"8","author":"BL Huang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Huang BL, Rich HG, Simundson SE, et al. Intentional swallowing of foreign bodies is a recurrent and costly problem that rarely causes endoscopy complications. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;8:941\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.07.013.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1712_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2018.1530287","volume":"30","author":"S Tromans","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tromans S, Chester V, Wells H, Alexander R. Deliberate ingestion of foreign bodies as a form of self-harm among inpatients within forensic mental health and intellectual disability services. 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Ulster Med J. 2008;77:110\u20134.","journal-title":"Ulster Med J"},{"key":"1712_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104944","volume":"84","author":"DN Boumarah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boumarah DN, Binkhamis LS, AlDuhileb M. Foreign body ingestion: is intervention always a necessity? Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022;84:104944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104944.","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"key":"1712_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/PRA.0000000000000693","volume":"29","author":"C Vourliotis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vourliotis C, Ng F, Bruxner G. \u201cFighting for the last gasp\u201d\u2014severe borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder, chronic deliberate ingestion of foreign bodies, and palliative struggles in intensive care. 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The project was reviewed by the University of Michigan Medical School Institutional Review Board (IRBMED) and determined not to constitute human subjects research requiring IRB oversight (HUM00294749). No protected health information or direct patient identifiers are included in this manuscript. All potentially identifying details have been modified or omitted to protect patient privacy.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"62"}}