{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:17:14Z","timestamp":1763036234715},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,1]],"date-time":"2003-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1059696000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Rheumatol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-003-0012-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,1]],"date-time":"2007-06-01T21:16:13Z","timestamp":1180732573000},"page":"324-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The genetics of primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Amr H.","family":"Sawalha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robyn","family":"Potts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendi R.","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Hal","family":"Scofield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Harley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"12_CR1","first-page":"1826","volume-title":"Arthri-tis and Allied Conditions: A Textbook of Rheumatology","author":"R Jonsson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jonsson R, Haga H-J, Gordon T: Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. In Arthri-tis and Allied Conditions: A Textbook of Rheumatology. Edited by Koopman WJ. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000:1826\u20131849."},{"key":"12_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/32.7.578","volume":"32","author":"R Jonsson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jonsson R, Kroneld U, Baeckman K, et al.: Progression of sialad-enitis in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol 1993, 32:578\u2013581.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.42748.x","volume":"104","author":"S Bacman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bacman S, Sterin-Borda L, Camusso JJ, et al.: Circulating anti-bodies against rat parotid gland M3 muscarinic receptors in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 1996, 104:454\u2013459.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR4","first-page":"132","volume":"151","author":"R Fox","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fox R, Kang H, Pisa E: Cytokine transcription in salivary gland biopsies of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Immunol 1994, 151:132\u2013142.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(87)90038-9","volume":"45","author":"R Jonsson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Jonsson R, Klareskog L, Backman K, Tarkowski A: Expression of HLA-D locus (DP, DQ, DR) coded antigens, b2 -microglobu-lin, and the interleukin 2 receptor in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1987, 45:235\u2013243.","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"12_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199902)42:2<229::AID-ANR4>3.0.CO;2-X","volume":"42","author":"NM Manoussakis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Manoussakis NM, Dimitriou ID, Kapsogeorgou EK, et al.: Expression of B7 costimulatory molecules by salivary gland epithelial cells in patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1999, 42:229\u2013239.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370710","volume":"37","author":"S Alpert","year":"1994","unstructured":"Alpert S, Kang HI, Weissan I, Fox RI: Expression of granzyme A in salivary gland biopsies from patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome. Arthritis Rheum 1994, 37:1046\u20131054.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1999.00778.x","volume":"115","author":"A-K Halse","year":"1999","unstructured":"Halse A-K, Harley JB, Kroneld U, Jonsson R: Ro\/SS-A reactive B-lymphocytes in salivary glands and peripheral blood of patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 1999, 115:203\u2013207.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR9","first-page":"217","volume-title":"Springer Seminar in Immunopa-thology","author":"R Fox","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fox R, Luppi M, Kang H-I, Pisa P: Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. In Springer Seminar in Immunopa-thology. Edited by Sixbey JW. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 1991:217\u2013231."},{"key":"12_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.6.2191","volume":"169","author":"I Saito","year":"1989","unstructured":"Saito I, Servenius B, Compton T, Fox RI: Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction in blood and tissue biopsies from patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Exp Med 1989, 169:2191\u20132198.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"12_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32595-2","volume":"97","author":"SC Pfugfelder","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pfugfelder SC, Tseng S, Prepose JS, et al.: Epstein-Barr virus infection and immunologic dysfunction in patients with aqueous tear deficiency. Ophthalmology 1990, 97:313\u2013323.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"12_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90630-0","volume":"344","author":"K Terada","year":"1994","unstructured":"Terada K, Katamine S, Eguchi K, et al.: Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome in an HTLV-1 endemic area in Japan: high seroprevalence and preferential occurrence of IgA class antibodies to HTLV-1 in saliva. Lancet 1994, 344:1116\u20131119.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"12_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200109000-00005","volume":"13","author":"JA James","year":"2001","unstructured":"James JA, Harley JB, Scofield RH: Role of viruses in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Curr Opin Rheum 2001, 13:370\u2013376.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR14","first-page":"357","volume":"110","author":"K Lisch","year":"1937","unstructured":"Lisch K:\u00dcber heredit\u00e4risches Vorkommen des mit keratocon-juctivitis sicca verbundenen Sjogrenschen symptomenko-mplexes. Arch Augenheilkd 1937, 110:357.","journal-title":"Arch Augenheilkd"},{"key":"12_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290207","volume":"29","author":"JB Harley","year":"1986","unstructured":"Harley JB, Alexander EL, Bias WB, et al.: Anti-Ro\/SSA and anti-La\/ SSB in patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1986, 29:196\u2013206.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310406","volume":"31","author":"RG Hamilton","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hamilton RG, Harley JB, Bias WB, et al.: Two Ro(SS-A) autoan-tibody responses in systemic lupus erythematosus: correla-tion of HLA-DR\/DQ specificities with quantitative expression of Ro(SS-A) autoantibody. Arthritis Rheum 1988, 31:496\u2013505.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320410","volume":"32","author":"FC Arnett","year":"1989","unstructured":"Arnett FC, Hamilton RG, Reveille JD, et al.: Genetic studies of Ro(SS-A) and La(SS-B) autoantibodies in families with sys-temic lupus erythematosus and primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1989, 32:413\u2013419.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR18","first-page":"900","volume":"25","author":"P Guggenbuhl","year":"1998","unstructured":"Guggenbuhl P, Jean S, Jego P, et al.: Primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome: role of the HLA-DRB1*0301-*1501 heterozygotes. J Rheumatol 1998, 25:900\u2013905.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR19","first-page":"725","volume":"16","author":"S Jean","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jean S, Quelvennec E, Alizadeh M, et al.: DRB1*15 and DRB1*03 extended haplotype interaction in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome genetic susceptibility. Clin Exper Rheuma-tol 1998, 16:725\u2013728. This paper shows association of primary SS with the HLA genotype DRB1*1501\/*0301, and suggested interaction between HLA and non-HLA genes in the susceptibility to primary SS.","journal-title":"Clin Exper Rheuma-tol"},{"key":"12_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2001.00993.x","volume":"54","author":"B Nakken","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nakken B, Jonsson R, Brokstad KA, et al.: Associations of MHC Class II alleles in Norwegian primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome patients: implications for development of autoantibodies to the Ro52 autoantigen. Scand J Immunol 2001, 54:428\u2013433.","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR21","first-page":"2611","volume":"27","author":"DL Mattey","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mattey DL, Gonzalez-Gay MA, Hajeer AH, et al.: Association between HLA-DRB1*15 and secondary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2000, 27:2611\u20132666.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3458307","volume":"232","author":"JB Harley","year":"1986","unstructured":"Harley JB, Reichlin M, Arnett FC, et al.: Gene interaction at HLA-DQ enhances autoantibody production in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Science 1986, 232:1145\u20131147. Along with reference [23 ], this study from 1986 shows gene comple-mentation at HLA for anti-Ro. This phenomenon appears to operate in SS and systemic lupus erythematosus, and may also involve partic-ular alleles at the T cell receptor. At this point there is no reason to believe that the genes involved in anti-Ro and anti-La are different in systemic lupus erythematosus and than they are in SS.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"12_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1994.1150","volume":"72","author":"RH Scofield","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scofield RH, Frank MB, Neas BR, et al.: Cooperative associa-tion of T cell b receptor and HLA-DQ alleles for anti-Ro in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin. Immunol Immunopathol 1994, 72:335\u2013341. Along with reference [22 ], this study shows gene complementation at HLA for anti-Ro. This phenomenon appears to operate in SS and systemic lupus erythematosus, and may also involve particular alleles at the T cell receptor. At this point there is no reason to believe that the genes involved in anti-Ro and anti-La are different in systemic lupus erythematosus and than they are in SS.","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"12_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3871","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.11.3871","volume":"146","author":"JD Reveille","year":"1991","unstructured":"Reveille JD, Macleod MJ, Whittington K, Arnett FC: Specific amino acid residues in the second hypervariable region of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 chain genes promote the Ro (SS-A)\/La (SS-B) autoantibody responses. J Immunol 1991, 146:3871\u20133876.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370630","volume":"37","author":"RH Scofield","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scofield RH, Harley JB: Association of anti-Ro\/SS-A autoanti-bodies with glutamine in position 34 of DQA1 and leucine in position 26 of DQB1. Arthritis Rheum 1994, 37:961\u2013962.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780391017","volume":"39","author":"T Kerttula","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kerttula T, Collin P, Polvi A, et al.: Distinct immunologic fea-tures of Finnish Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome patients with HLA alle-les DRB1*0301, DQA1*0501, and DQB1*0201. Arthritis Rheum 1996, 39:1733\u20131739.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR27","first-page":"1554","volume":"28","author":"AI Bolstad","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bolstad AI, Wassmuth R, Haga HJ, Jonsson R: HLA markers and clinical characteristics in Caucasians with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol 2001, 28:1554\u20131562.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00504.x","volume":"111","author":"M Rischmueller","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rischmueller M, Lester S, Chen Z, et al.: HLA Class II pheno-type controls diversification of the autoantibody response in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (pSS). Clin Exp Immunol 1998 111:365\u2013371. This study shows that some patients have a limited antibody response to the La protein and that this limited response is related to particular HLA-DQ alleles. These alleles may be associated with decreased diver-sification of the immune response to this autoantigen.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1975.tb00653.x","volume":"6","author":"ME Gershwin","year":"1975","unstructured":"Gershwin ME, Terasaki PI, Graw R, Chused TM: Increased fre-quency of HL-A8 in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Tissue Antigens 1975, 6:342\u2013346.","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"12_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1976.tb01028.x","volume":"7","author":"D Ivanyi","year":"1976","unstructured":"Ivanyi D, Drizhal I, Erbenova E, et al.: HLA in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome. Tissue Antigens 1976, 7:45\u201351.","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"12_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(01)00253-1","volume":"62","author":"P Loiseau","year":"2001","unstructured":"Loiseau P, Lepage V, Djelal F, et al.: HLA Class I and Class II are both associated with the genetic predisposition to primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Hum Immunol 2001, 62:725\u2013731.","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780371114","volume":"37","author":"L Llorente","year":"1994","unstructured":"Llorente L, Richaud-Patin Y, Fior R, et al.: In vivo production of interleukin-10 by non-T cells in rheumatoid arthritis, Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a potential mechanism of B lymphocyte hyperactivity and autoimmunity. Arthritis Rheum 1994, 37:1647\u20131655.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200101)44:1<176::AID-ANR23>3.0.CO;2-K","volume":"44","author":"J Hulkkonen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hulkkonen J, Pertovaara M, Antonen J, et al.: Genetic association between interleukin-10 promotor region polymorphisms and primary syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44:176\u2013179.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR34","first-page":"2945","volume":"27","author":"M Rischmueller","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rischmueller M, Limaye V, Lester S, et al.: Polymorphisms of the interleukin 10 gene promoter are not associated with anti-Ro autoantibodies in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol 2000, 27:2945\u20132946.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.6.656","volume":"40","author":"J Hulkkonen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hulkkonen J, Pertovaara M, Antonen J, et al.: Elevated interleu-kin- 6 plasma levels are regulated by the promoter region polymorphism of the IL6 gene in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome and correlate with the clinical manifestations of the disease. J Rheumatol 2001, 40:656\u2013661.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1998.4520","volume":"87","author":"S Perrier","year":"1998","unstructured":"Perrier S, Coussediere C, Dubost JJ, et al.: IL-1 receptor antago-nist (IL-1RA) gene polymorphism in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1998, 87:309\u2013313.","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"12_CR37","first-page":"290","volume":"67","author":"P Guggenbuhl","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guggenbuhl P, Veillard E, Quelvenec E, et al.: analysis of TNFa microsatellites in 35 patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome. Joint Bone Spine 2000, 67:290\u2013295.","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"12_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200103)44:3<638::AID-ANR112>3.0.CO;2-J","volume":"44","author":"B Nakken","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nakken B, Jonsson R, Bolstad AI: Polymorphisms of the Ro52 gene associated with anti-Ro 52kd autoantibodies in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44:638\u2013646.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR39","first-page":"2397","volume":"27","author":"AI Bolstad","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bolstad AI, Wargelius A, Nakken B, et al.: Fas and Fas Ligand gene polymorphisms in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheu-matol 2000, 27:2397\u20132405.","journal-title":"J Rheu-matol"},{"key":"12_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.5.483","volume":"60","author":"ZY Wang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wang ZY, Morinobu A, Kanagawa S, Kumagai S: Polymor-phisms of the mannose binding lectin gene in patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2001, 60:483\u2013486.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"12_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363744","volume":"2","author":"A Tsutsumi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tsutsumi A, Sasaki K, Wakamiya N, et al.: Mannose-binding lectin gene: polymorphisms in Japanese patients with sys-temic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Genes Immun 2001, 2:99\u2013104.","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"12_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200012)43:12<2851::AID-ANR28>3.0.CO;2-W","volume":"43","author":"CG Mullighan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mullighan CG, Heatley S, Bardy PG, et al.: Lack of association between mannose-binding lectin gene polymorphisms and pri-mary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2000, 43:2851\u20132852.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1080\/030097402320817095","volume":"31","author":"J Aittoniemi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aittoniemi J, Pertovaara M, Hulkkonen J, et al.: The significance of mannan-binding lectin gene alleles in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol 2002, 31:362\u2013365.","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2002.01058.x","volume":"55","author":"S Salomonsson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Salomonsson S, Larsson P, Tengner P, et al.: Expression of the B cell-attracting chemokine CXCL13 in the target organ and autoantibody production in ectopic lymphoid tissue in the chronic inflammatory disease Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Scand J Immunol 2002, 55:336\u2013342.","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5312.604","volume":"276","author":"N Haneji","year":"1997","unstructured":"Haneji N, Nakamura T, Takio K, et al.: Identification of alpha-fodrin as a candidate autoantigen in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome. Science 1997, 276:604\u2013607.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"12_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.5449","volume":"167","author":"M Kuwana","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kuwana M, Okano T, Ogawa Y, et al.: Autoantibodies to the amino-terminal fragment of beta-fodrin expressed in glandu-lar epithelial cells in patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Immunol 2001, 167:5449\u20135456.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200113469","volume":"108","author":"O Billaut-Mulot","year":"2001","unstructured":"Billaut-Mulot O, Cocude C, Kolesnitchenko V, et al.: SS-56, a novel cellular target of autoantibody responses in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 2001, 108:861\u2013869.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"12_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4891","volume":"283","author":"AR Tanaka","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tanaka AR, Ikeda Y, Abe-Dohmae S, et al.: Human ABCA1 con-tains a large amino-terminal extracellular domain homolo-gous to an epitope of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001, 283:1019\u20131025.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"12_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1078\/0171-9335-00114","volume":"79","author":"Y Tsukada","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tsukada Y, Ichikawa H, Chai Z, et al.: Novel variant of p230 trans-Golgi network protein identified by serum from Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome patient. Eur J Cell Biol 2000, 79:790\u2013794.","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol"},{"key":"12_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400920","volume":"40","author":"KJ Griffith","year":"1997","unstructured":"Griffith KJ, Chan EK, Lung CC, et al.: Molecular cloning of a novel 97-kD Golgi complex autoantigen associated with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1997, 40:1693\u20131702.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR51","first-page":"485","volume":"3","author":"I Matsumoto","year":"1999","unstructured":"Matsumoto I, Maeda T, Takemoto Y, et al.: Alpha-amylase func-tions as a salivary gland-specific self T cell epitope in patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Int J Mol Med 1999, 3:485\u2013490.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"12_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780412","volume":"82","author":"D Beroukas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beroukas D, Goodfellow R, Hiscock J, et al.: Up-regulation of M3-muscarinic receptors in labial salivary gland acini in pri-mary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Lab Invest 2002, 82:203\u2013210.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"12_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200201)46:1<215::AID-ART10024>3.0.CO;2-M","volume":"46","author":"NI Tapinos","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tapinos NI, Polihronis M, Thyphronitis G, Moutsopoulos HM: Characterization of the cystine-rich secretory protein 3 gene as an early-transcribed gene with a putative role in the patho-physiology of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46:215\u2013222.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780221","volume":"81","author":"S Steinfeld","year":"2001","unstructured":"Steinfeld S, Cogan E, King LS, et al.: Abnormal distribution of aquaporin-5 water channel protein in salivary glands from Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome patients. Lab Invest 2001, 81:143\u2013148.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"12_CR55","first-page":"1342","volume":"29","author":"D Cavill","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cavill D, Waterman SA, Gordon TP: Failure to detect antibod-ies to extracellular loop peptides of the muscarinic M3 recep-tor in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol 2002, 29:1342\u20131344.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01302.x","volume":"122","author":"M Tominaga","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tominaga M, Migita K, Sano H, et al.: Expression of cyclooxy-genase- 1 (COX-1) in labial salivary glands of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome. Clin Exp Immunol 2000, 122:459\u2013463.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780181","volume":"80","author":"S Steinfeld","year":"2000","unstructured":"Steinfeld S, Maho A, Chaboteaux C, et al.: Prolactin up-regu-lates cathepsin B and D expression in minor salivary glands of patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Lab Invest 2000, 80:1711\u20131720.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"12_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4192","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.8.4192","volume":"168","author":"O Boulard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boulard O, Fluteau G, Eloy L, et al.: Genetic analysis of autoimmune sialadenitis in non-obese diabetic mice: a major susceptibility region on chromosome 1. J Immunol 2002, 168:4192\u20134201. This is an example of animal model studies identifying genes that may be eventually important in human SS.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR59","first-page":"1896","volume":"27","author":"J Brayer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brayer J, Lowry J, Cha S, et al.: Alleles from chromosomes 1 and 3 of NOD mice combine to influence Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome- like autoimmune exocrinopathy. J Rheumatol 2000, 27:1896\u20131904.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200201)32:1<243::AID-IMMU243>3.0.CO;2-X","volume":"32","author":"AC Johansson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Johansson AC, Nakken B, Sundler M, et al.: The genetic control of sialadenitis versus arthritis in a NOD.QxB10.Q F2 cross. Eur J Immunol 2002, 32:243\u2013250.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2002.01042.x","volume":"55","author":"TR Esch","year":"2002","unstructured":"Esch TR, Poveromo JD, Aikins MC, Levanos VA: A novel lacri-mal gland autoantigen in the NOD mouse model of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Scand J Immunol 2002, 55:304\u2013310.","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR62","first-page":"2371","volume":"25","author":"S Yamachika","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yamachika S, Nanni JM, Nguyen KH, et al.: Excessive synthesis of matrix metalloproteinases in exocrine tissues of NOD mouse models for Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol 1998, 25:2371\u20132380.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"12_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5767","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.11.5767","volume":"94","author":"CP Robinson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Robinson CP, Yamachika S, Alford CE, et al.: Elevated levels of cystine protease activity in saliva and salivary glands of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model for Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syn-drome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997, 94:5767\u20135771.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"12_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339700600205","volume":"6","author":"TT Provost","year":"1997","unstructured":"Provost TT, Watson R, Simmons-O\u2019Brien E: Anti-Ro(SS-A) anti-body positive Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s\/lupus erythematosus overlap syn-drome. Lupus 1997, 6:105\u2013111.","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"12_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363885","volume":"3","author":"JA Kelly","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kelly JA, Moser KL, Harley JB: The genetics of systemic lupus erythematosus: putting the pieces together. Genes Immun 2002, 3(suppl):S71-S85.","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"12_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363908","volume":"3","author":"JB Harley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Harley JB: The genetic etiology of systemic lupus erythemato-sus: a short dispatch from the combat zone. Genes Immun 2002, 3(suppl):S1-S4.","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"12_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10438","volume":"46","author":"JC Edberg","year":"2002","unstructured":"Edberg JC, Langefeld CD, Wu J, et al.: Genetic linkage and association of Fc-gamma receptor IIIA (CDE16A) on chromo-some 1q23 with human systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46:2132\u20132140.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1020","volume":"32","author":"L Prokunina","year":"2002","unstructured":"Prokunina L, Castillejo-Lopez C, Oberg F, et al.: A regulatory polymorphism in PDCD1 is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in humans. Nat Genet 2002, 32:666\u2013669. The potential for progress in SS is illustrated by the new findings in the genetics of systemic lupus erythematosus.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"12_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1086\/342290","volume":"71","author":"RR Graham","year":"2002","unstructured":"Graham RR, Ortmann WA, Langefeld CD, et al.: Visualizing human leukocyte antigen Class II risk haplotypes in human sys-temic lupus erythematosus. Am J Hum Genet 2002, 71:543\u2013553.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"12_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199805)41:5<927::AID-ART21>3.0.CO;2-R","volume":"41","author":"S Miyagawa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Miyagawa S, Shinohara K, Nakajima M, et al.: Polymorphism of HLA Class II genes and autoimmune responses to Ro\/SS-A- La\/SS-B among Japanese subjects. Arthritis Rheum 1998, 41:927\u2013934.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.12.1370","volume":"40","author":"HH Kacem","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kacem HH, Kaddour N, Adyel FZ, et al.: HLA-DQB1 CAR1\/ CAR2, TNF-alpha IR2\/IR4 and CTLA-4 polymorphisms in Tunisian patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Rheumatology 2001, 40:1370\u20131374.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"12_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3615","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.8.3615","volume":"150","author":"HI Kang","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kang HI, Fei HM: Comparison of HLA Class II genes in Cau-casoid, Chinese, and Japanese patients with primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. J Immunol 1993, 150:3615\u20133623.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400919","volume":"40","author":"S Kumagai","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kumagai S, Kanagawa S, Morinobu A, et al.: Association of a new allele of the TAP2 gene, TAP2*Bky2 (Val577), with sus-ceptibility to Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1997, 40:1685\u20131692.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"12_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199912)42:12<2612::AID-ANR15>3.0.CO;2-V","volume":"42","author":"A Morinobu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Morinobu A, Kanagawa S, Koshiba M, et al.: Association of the glutathione S-transferase M1 homozygous null genotype with susceptibility to Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome in Japanese indi-viduals. Arthritis Rheum 1999, 42:2612\u20132615.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Current Rheumatology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-003-0012-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11926-003-0012-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-003-0012-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T04:13:40Z","timestamp":1683864820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11926-003-0012-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,8]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,8]]}},"alternative-id":["12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11926-003-0012-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-3774","1534-6307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-3774","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-6307","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,8]]}}}