{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T09:52:00Z","timestamp":1779357120984,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,21]],"date-time":"2012-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Rheumatol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-012-0280-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,20]],"date-time":"2012-07-20T19:12:23Z","timestamp":1342811543000},"page":"390-394","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Reactive Arthritis: Developments and Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Davina","family":"Morris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Inman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"280_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-996-0012-8","volume":"3","author":"J Sieper","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sieper J. Pathogenesis of reactive arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2001;3(5):412.","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"280_CR2","first-page":"2185","volume":"27","author":"J Braun","year":"2000","unstructured":"Braun J, Kingsley G, van der Heijde D, Sieper J. On the difficulties of establishing a consensus on the definition of and diagnostic investigations for reactive arthritis. Results and discussion of a questionnaire prepared for the 4th International Workshop on Reactive Arthritis, Berlin, Germany, July 3. J Rheumatol. 2000;27(9):2185.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"280_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-003-0629-x","volume":"32","author":"JW Earwaker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Earwaker JW, Cotton A. SAPHO: syndrome or concept? Imaging findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2003;32(6):311\u201327. Epub 2003 Apr 29.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"280_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/00124743-200202000-00002","volume":"8","author":"I Rosner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rosner I. SAPHO: disease, syndrome, or category? J Clin Rheumatol. 2002;8(1):3.","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"280_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.07.030","volume":"8","author":"M Govoni","year":"2009","unstructured":"Govoni M, Colina M, Massara A, Trotta F. SAPHO syndrome and infections. Autoimmun Rev. 2009;8(3):256\u20139. Epub 2008 Aug 20.","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"280_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01966491","volume":"21","author":"BS Trimble","year":"1987","unstructured":"Trimble BS, Evers CJ, Ballaron SA, Young JM. Intraarticular injection of Propionibacterium acnes causes an erosive arthritis in rats. Agent Actions. 1987;21(3\u20134):281\u20133.","journal-title":"Agent Actions"},{"key":"280_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R140","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2812","volume":"11","author":"G Assmann","year":"2009","unstructured":"\u2022 Assmann G, Kueck O, Kirchhoff T, Rosenthal H, Voswinkel J, Pfreundschuh M, Zeidler H, Wagner AD. Efficacy of antibiotic therapy for SAPHO syndrome is lost after its discontinuation: an interventional study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11:R140. This study examines the evidence for the use of antibiotics in SAPHO syndrome and follow-up after discontinuance.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"280_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22087","volume":"55","author":"G Rohekar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rohekar G, Inman RD. Conundrums in nosology: synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome and spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;55(4):665\u20139.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"5","key":"280_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1041104","volume":"171","author":"J P\u00e9pin","year":"2004","unstructured":"P\u00e9pin J, Valiquette L, Alary ME, Villemure P, Pelletier A, Forget K, P\u00e9pin K, Chouinard D. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in a region of Quebec from 1991 to 2003: a changing pattern of disease severity. CMAJ. 2004;171(5):466\u20137.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"280_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200103000-00002","volume":"80","author":"A Jacobs","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jacobs A, Barnard K, Fishel R, Gradon JD. Extracolonic manifestations of Clostridium difficile infections. Presentation of 2 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2001;80(2):88\u2013101.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"12","key":"280_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175.e1-8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.06.012","volume":"124","author":"PT Cantey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cantey PT, Roy S, Lee B, Cronquist A, Smith K, Liang J, Beach MJ. Study of nonoutbreak giardiasis: novel findings and implications for research. Am J Med. 2011;124(12):1175.e1-8. Epub 2011 Oct 18.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"280_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/37.5.581","volume":"37","author":"MA Layton","year":"1998","unstructured":"Layton MA, Dziedzic K, Dawes PT. Sacroiliitis in an HLA B27-negative patient following giardiasis. Br J Rheumatol. 1998;37(5):581\u20133.","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"280_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.2000.0360","volume":"29","author":"HC G\u00e9rard","year":"2000","unstructured":"G\u00e9rard HC, Schumacher HR, El-Gabalawy H, Goldbach-Mansky R, Hudson AP. Chlamydia pneumoniae present in the human synovium are viable and metabolically active. Microb Pathog. 2000;29(1):17\u201324.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"280_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e3181c3444c","volume":"16","author":"HA Sarakbi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sarakbi HA, Hammoudeh M, Kanjar I, Al-Emadi S, Mahdy S, Siam A. Poststreptococcal reactive arthritis and the association with tendonitis, tenosynovitis, and enthesitis. J Clin Rheumatol. 2010;16(1):3\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"280_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh225","volume":"43","author":"SL Mackie","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mackie SL, Keat A. Poststreptococcal reactive arthritis: what is it and how do we know? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004;43:949\u201354.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"5","key":"280_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27394","volume":"62","author":"JD Carter","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u2022 Carter JD, Espinoza LR, Inman RD, Sneed KB, Ricca LR, Vasey FB, Valeriano J, Stanich JA, Oszust C, Gerard HC, Hudson AP. Combination antibiotics as a treatment for chronic Chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(5):1298\u2013307. This is the first randomized, placebo-controlled trial of combination antibiotics in Chlamydia-induced ReA and provides supportive evidence for antibiotic efficacy.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"280_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(05)70039-9","volume":"24","author":"M Leirisalo-Repo","year":"1998","unstructured":"Leirisalo-Repo M. Prognosis, course of disease, and treatment of the spondyloarthropathies. Rheum Dis Clin N Am. 1998;24(4):737\u201351. viii.","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin N Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"280_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21323","volume":"53","author":"SD Flagg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Flagg SD, Meador R, Hsia E, Kitumnuaypong T, Schumacher Jr HR. Decreased pain and synovial inflammation after etanercept therapy in patients with reactive and undifferentiated arthritis: an open-label trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;53(4):613\u20137.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"5","key":"280_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30272","volume":"63","author":"A Meyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"\u2022 Meyer A, Chatelus E, Wendling D, Berthelot JM, Dernis E, Houvenagel E, Morel J, Richer O, Schaeverbeke T, Gottenberg JE, Sibilia J, Club Rhumatisme et Inflammation. Safety and efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 therapy in ten patients with recent-onset refractory reactive arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63(5):1274\u201380. This is the largest recent experience with anti-TNF agents in ReA and supports the concept of the safety and efficacy of these agents in refractory ReA.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"280_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740310000157","volume":"32","author":"KS Oili","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oili KS, Niinisalo H, Korpil\u00e4hde T, Virolainen J. Treatment of reactive arthritis with infliximab. Scand J Rheumatol. 2003;32(2):122\u20134.","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"280_CR21","first-page":"407","volume":"30","author":"N Gaylis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gaylis N. Infliximab in the treatment of an HIV positive patient with Reiter\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(2):407\u201311.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"280_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-007-0692-0","volume":"27","author":"H Gill","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gill H, Majithia V. Successful use of infliximab in the treatment of Reiter\u2019s syndrome: a case report and discussion. Clin Rheumatol. 2008;27(1):121\u20133.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"280_CR23","first-page":"1095","volume":"86","author":"LC Abdelmoula","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abdelmoula LC, Yahia CB, Testouri N, Tekaya R, Ben M\u2019barek R, Chaabouni L, Zouari R. Treatment of reactive arthritis with infliximab. Tunis Med. 2008;86(12):1095\u20137.","journal-title":"Tunis Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"280_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-009-0965-9","volume":"30","author":"MD Schafranski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schafranski MD. Infliximab for reactive arthritis secondary to Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Rheumatol Int. 2010;30(5):679\u201380.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"}],"container-title":["Current Rheumatology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0280-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0280-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0280-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T00:49:59Z","timestamp":1559436599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0280-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,21]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0280-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-3774","1534-6307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-3774","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-6307","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,21]]}}}