{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T22:47:43Z","timestamp":1770331663291,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,16]],"date-time":"2012-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1345075200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Rheumatol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-012-0284-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,15]],"date-time":"2012-08-15T10:19:51Z","timestamp":1345025991000},"page":"509-515","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Advances in Therapy for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Duvuru","family":"Geetha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"284_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.02.030","volume":"117","author":"P Seo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Seo P, Stone JH. The antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides. Am J Med. 2004;117(1):39\u201350.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"284_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2010.04.003","volume":"36","author":"SA Chung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chung SA, Seo P. Microscopic polyangiitis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2010;36(3):545\u201358.","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"284_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.218","volume":"8","author":"SD Gadola","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gadola SD, Gross WL. Vasculitis in 2011: The renaissance of granulomatous inflammation in AAV. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2012;8(2):74\u20136.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"284_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-81-4-513","volume":"81","author":"S Wolff","year":"1974","unstructured":"Wolff S, Fauci A, Horn R, Dale D. Wegener's granulomatosis. Ann Intern Med. 1974;81:513\u201325.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"284_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01947911","volume":"246","author":"F Wohlwill","year":"1923","unstructured":"Wohlwill F. Ueber die nur mikroskopisch erkenbarre form der periarteritis nodosa. Arch Pathol Anat. 1923;246:377\u2013411.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Anat."},{"key":"284_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(78)90533-8","volume":"64","author":"A Fauci","year":"1978","unstructured":"Fauci A, Doppman J, Wolff S. Cyclophosphamide-induced remissions in advanced polyarteritis nodosa. Am J Med. 1978;64:890\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"284_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197311000-00002","volume":"52","author":"A Fauci","year":"1973","unstructured":"Fauci A, Wolff S. Wegener's granulomatosis: Studies in eighteen patients and a review of the literature. Medicine. 1973;52:53\u201361.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"284_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-6-488","volume":"116","author":"GS Hoffman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hoffman GS, Kerr GS, Leavitt RY, et al. Wegener's granulomatosis: An analysis of 158 patients. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:488\u201398.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"284_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2666","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199912)42:12<2666::AID-ANR24>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"42","author":"C Langford","year":"1999","unstructured":"Langford C, Talar-Williams C, Barron K, Sneller M. A staged approach to the treatment of Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis: Induction of remission with glucocorticoids and daily cyclophosphamide switching to methotrexate for remission maintenance. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42(12):2666\u201373.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"284_CR10","first-page":"105A","volume":"10","author":"D Jayne","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jayne D. Randomised trial of cyclophosphamide versus azathioprine during remission in ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis (CYCAZAREM). J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:105A.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"26","key":"284_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2790","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802311","volume":"359","author":"C Pagnoux","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pagnoux C, Mahr A, Hamidou MA, et al. Azathioprine or methotrexate maintenance for ANCA-associated vasculitis. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(26):2790\u2013803.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"284_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1658","volume":"304","author":"TF Hiemstra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hiemstra TF, Walsh M, Mahr A, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil vs azathioprine for remission maintenance in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010;304(21):2381\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"7","key":"284_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27495","volume":"62","author":"N Zahr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zahr N, Arnaud L, Marquet P, et al. Mycophenolic acid area under the curve correlates with disease activity in lupus patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(7):2047\u201354.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"12","key":"284_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401213","volume":"40","author":"L Guillevin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Guillevin L, Cordier J, Lhote F, et al. A prospective, multicenter, randomized trial comparing steroids and pulse cyclophosphamide versus steroids and oral cyclophosphamide in the treatment of generalized Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis. Arthritis Rheum. 1997;40(12):2187\u201398.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"10","key":"284_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/16.10.2018","volume":"16","author":"K Groot de","year":"2001","unstructured":"de Groot K, Adu D, Savage CO. The value of pulse cyclophosphamide in ANCA-associated vasculitis: Meta-analysis and critical review. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16(10):2018\u201327.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"8","key":"284_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21142","volume":"52","author":"K Groot De","year":"2005","unstructured":"De Groot K, Rasmussen N, Bacon PA, et al. Randomized trial of cyclophosphamide versus methotrexate for induction of remission in early systemic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52(8):2461\u20139.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"6","key":"284_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200477","volume":"71","author":"L Harper","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harper L, Morgan MD, Walsh M, et al. Pulse versus daily oral cyclophosphamide for induction of remission in ANCA-associated vasculitis: Long-term follow-up. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(6):955\u201360.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"284_CR18","first-page":"492","volume":"25","author":"K Groot de","year":"1998","unstructured":"de Groot K, Muhler M, Reinhold-Keller E, Paulsen J, Gross W. Induction of remission in Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis with low dose methotrexate. J Rheumatol. 1998;25:492\u20135.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"284_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0100","volume":"2","author":"GS Hoffman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hoffman GS, Langford CA. Can methotrexate replace cyclophosphamide in the treatment of a subset of Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis? Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2006;2(2):70\u20131.","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol"},{"key":"284_CR20","first-page":"S211","volume":"39","author":"C Langford","year":"1996","unstructured":"Langford C, Fauci A, Talar-Williams C, Sneller M. Treatment of Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis with methotrexate and glucocorticoids: Update on rate of relapse. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39:S211.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"284_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Faurschou M, Westman K, Rasmussen N, et al. Long-term outcome of a clinical trial comparing methotrexate to cyclophosphamide for remission induction of early systemic ANCA-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012. It is sobering to realize that a strategy that initially seemed to spare patients from exposure to cyclophosphamide may not work as well as we had hoped. Presumably, in cases where equipoise seems to exist, cyclophosphamide should be chosen over methotrexate as an initial remission induction strategy until the implications of this study are clearer.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34547"},{"issue":"5","key":"284_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181568ec0","volume":"86","author":"A Villa-Forte","year":"2007","unstructured":"Villa-Forte A, Clark TM, Gomes M, et al. Substitution of methotrexate for cyclophosphamide in Wegener granulomatosis: A 12-year single-practice experience. Medicine (Baltimore). 2007;86(5):269\u201377.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"key":"284_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.281.6244.836","volume":"281","author":"A Pinching","year":"1980","unstructured":"Pinching A, Rees A, Pussell B, Lockwood C, Mitchison R, Peters D. Relapses in Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis: The role of infection. BMJ. 1980;281:836\u20138.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"284_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0b013e3283456731","volume":"20","author":"JC Jennette","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Gasim AH. Pathogenesis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody vasculitis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2011;20(3):263\u201370.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"issue":"3","key":"284_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.088096","volume":"68","author":"C Mukhtyar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mukhtyar C, Guillevin L, Cid MC, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of primary small and medium vessel vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(3):310\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"284_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007010090","volume":"18","author":"DR Jayne","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jayne DR, Gaskin G, Rasmussen N, et al. Randomized trial of plasma exchange or high-dosage methylprednisolone as adjunctive therapy for severe renal vasculitis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18(7):2180\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"284_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2010.10.049","volume":"57","author":"M Walsh","year":"2011","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Walsh M, Catapano F, Szpirt W, et al. Plasma exchange for renal vasculitis and idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis: A meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;57(4):566\u2013574. This meta-analysis is the closest we have to a definitive statement regarding the utility of plasma exchange for patients with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"284_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041884","volume":"352","author":"Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial (WGET) Research Group","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial (WGET) Research Group. Etanercept plus standard therapy for Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(4):351\u201361.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1 Suppl 64","key":"284_CR29","first-page":"S63","volume":"29","author":"M Menthon de","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Menthon M, Cohen P, Pagnoux C, et al. Infliximab or rituximab for refractory Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis: Long-term follow up A prospective randomised multicentre study on 17 patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2011;29(1 Suppl 64):S63\u201371.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"284_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000114554.67106.28","volume":"15","author":"A Booth","year":"2004","unstructured":"Booth A, Harper L, Hammad T, et al. Prospective study of TNFalpha blockade with infliximab in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated systemic vasculitis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15(3):717\u201321.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"284_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030000128","volume":"292","author":"C Zouboulis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zouboulis C, et al. Adamantiades-behcet's disease: Interleukin-8 is increased in serum of patients with active oral and neurological manifestations and is secreted by small vessel endothelial cells. Arch Dermatol Res. 2000;292:279\u201384.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"284_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909169","volume":"363","author":"RB Jones","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Jones RB, Tervaert JW, Hauser T, et al. Rituximab versus cyclophosphamide in ANCA-associated renal vasculitis. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(3):211\u2013220. This article, and the subsequent reference, let to the first drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of systemic vasculitis. Reviewing both articles carefully will give you a better sense of the limits of our understanding regarding the use of rituximab for patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"284_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909905","volume":"363","author":"JH Stone","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stone JH, Merkel PA, Spiera R, et al. Rituximab versus cyclophosphamide for ANCA-associated vasculitis. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(3):221\u201332.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"284_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2011.153601","volume":"71","author":"JU Holle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Holle JU, Dubrau C, Herlyn K, et al. Rituximab for refractory granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis): Comparison of efficacy in granulomatous versus vasculitic manifestations. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(3):327\u201333.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"284_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Smith RM, Jones RB, Guerry MJ, et al. Rituximab for remission maintenance in relapsing ANCA-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012. Epub ahead of print. The key unanswered question regarding rituximab is how to use the drug for remission maintenance. This study describes the outcomes associated with one possible re-treatment strategy.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34583"}],"container-title":["Current Rheumatology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0284-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0284-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0284-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]],"date-time":"2024-04-28T12:27:17Z","timestamp":1714307237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0284-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,16]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11926-012-0284-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-3774","1534-6307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-3774","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-6307","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,16]]}}}