{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T11:26:14Z","timestamp":1792841174100,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Rheumatol Rep"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-026-01214-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T04:17:16Z","timestamp":1773980236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Management of Takayasu Arteritis \u2013 A 2026 Update"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7335-7321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanaz A.","family":"Kermani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5440-2078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Tomelleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9512-651X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Scaramuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4258-1730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swapnil","family":"Jagtap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-7396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Durga Prasanna","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2023.101826","volume":"37","author":"DP Misra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. Management of Takayasu arteritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2023;37(1):101826.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-025-01309-7","volume":"21","author":"AH Sawalha","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sawalha AH, et al. Advances in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu arteritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2025;21:737\u201351.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00718-8","volume":"18","author":"RA Watts","year":"2022","unstructured":"Watts RA, et al. Global epidemiology of vasculitis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2022;18(1):22\u201334.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37715","volume":"65","author":"JC Jennette","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jennette JC, et al. 2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead584","volume":"63","author":"S Jagtap","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jagtap S, et al. Increased mortality rate in Takayasu arteritis is largely driven by cardiovascular disease - a cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2024;63(12):3337\u201345.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e278","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae169","volume":"63","author":"DP Misra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. The 2022 ACR\/EULAR classification criteria for Takayasu arteritis predict mortality better than the 1990 ACR classification criteria. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2024;63(10):e278-80.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00327-5","volume":"7","author":"D Pugh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pugh D, et al. Large-vessel vasculitis Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2022;7(1):93.","journal-title":"Large-vessel vasculitis Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae333","volume":"64","author":"TA Kermani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kermani TA, et al. Assessment of damage in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2025;64(2):682\u20139.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1214_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf508","author":"DP Misra","year":"2025","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. High prevalent early damage independently predicts future mortality in an inception cohort of Takayasu arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf508.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161269","volume":"44","author":"SZ Aydin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aydin SZ, et al. Assessment of disease activity in Large-vessel Vasculitis: results of an international Delphi exercise. J Rheumatol. 2017;44(12):1928\u201332.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181222","volume":"47","author":"S Banerjee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Banerjee S, et al. Effect of treatment on imaging, clinical, and serologic assessments of disease activity in Large-vessel Vasculitis. J Rheumatol. 2020;47(1):99\u2013107.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1214_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24117","volume":"72","author":"CA Rimland","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rimland CA, et al. Outcome measures in large vessel vasculitis: relationship between patient-, physician-, imaging-, and laboratory-based assessments. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020;72(9):1296\u2013304.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"11","key":"1214_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-120-11-199406010-00004","volume":"120","author":"GS Kerr","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kerr GS, et al. Takayasu arteritis. Ann Intern Med. 1994;120(11):919\u201329.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket128","volume":"52","author":"R Misra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Misra R, et al. Development and initial validation of the Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score (ITAS2010). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013;52(10):1795\u2013801.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq171","volume":"49","author":"SZ Aydin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aydin SZ, et al. Assessment of disease activity and progression in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis with Disease Extent Index-Takayasu. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49(10):1889\u201393.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1214_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.220149","volume":"50","author":"G Boleto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boleto G, et al. Measurement Properties of Outcome Instruments for Large-Vessel Vasculitis: A Systematic Literature Review. J Rheumatol. 2023;50(6):789\u201398.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1214_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140817","volume":"42","author":"F Alibaz-Oner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alibaz-Oner F, et al. Assessment of patients with Takayasu arteritis in routine practice with Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score. J Rheumatol. 2015;42(8):1443\u20137.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.925341","volume":"13","author":"OC Kwon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kwon OC, et al. Derivation and Validation of a New Disease Activity Assessment Tool With Higher Accuracy for Takayasu Arteritis. Front Immunol. 2022;13:925341.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez421","volume":"59","author":"R Goel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goel R, et al. Derivation of an angiographically based classification system in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: an observational study from India and North America. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020;59(5):1118\u201327.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1214_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12123102","author":"DP Misra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. Impact of geographic location on diagnosis and initial management of Takayasu arteritis: a tale of two cohorts from Italy and India. Diagnostics. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics12123102.","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"4","key":"1214_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25275","volume":"76","author":"C Marvisi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marvisi C, et al. Development of the Takayasu arteritis integrated disease activity index. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2024;76(4):531\u201340.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1214_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40037","volume":"69","author":"CA Langford","year":"2017","unstructured":"Langford CA, et al. A randomized, double-blind trial of Abatacept (CTLA-4Ig) for the treatment of Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2017;69(4):846\u201353.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211878","volume":"77","author":"Y Nakaoka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nakaoka Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis: results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial in Japan (the TAKT study). Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(3):348\u201354.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12102565","volume":"12","author":"DP Misra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. Outcome measures and biomarkers for disease assessment in Takayasu arteritis. Diagnostics. 2022;12(10):2565.","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102584","volume":"19","author":"Q Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu Q, et al. Pentraxin 3: A promising therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2020;19(12):102584.","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245612","volume":"16","author":"X Wen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wen X, et al. Pentraxin 3 is more accurate than C-reactive protein for Takayasu arteritis activity assessment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(2):e0245612.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02365-y","volume":"22","author":"J Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li J. Association between acute phase reactants, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and disease activity in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther. 2020;22(1):285.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02636-2","volume":"23","author":"Y Tian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tian Y, et al. Using the co-expression network of T cell-activation-related genes to assess the disease activity in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther. 2021;23(1):303.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"1214_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.04.003","volume":"50","author":"S Kaymaz-Tahra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaymaz-Tahra S, et al. Assessment of damage in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2020;50(4):586\u201391.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"Suppl 103","key":"1214_CR30","first-page":"77","volume":"35","author":"A Omma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Omma A, et al. Remarkable damage along with poor quality of life in Takayasu arteritis: cross-sectional results of a long-term followed-up multicentre cohort. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017;35(Suppl 103):77\u201382.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2020.10.026","volume":"73","author":"L Luna-Vargas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luna-Vargas L, et al. Takayasu\u2019s arteritis from the patients\u2019 perspectives: measuring the pulse to the patient-reported outcomes. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021;73:314\u201320.","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-23-0656","volume":"88","author":"H Yoshifuji","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yoshifuji H, et al. Organ damage and quality of life in Takayasu arteritis\u3000- evidence from a national registry analysis. Circ J. 2024;88(3):285\u201394.","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400222","volume":"40","author":"AR Exley","year":"1997","unstructured":"Exley AR, et al. Development and initial validation of the Vasculitis Damage Index for the standardized clinical assessment of damage in the systemic vasculitides. Arthritis Rheum. 1997;40(2):371\u201380.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1214_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf505","author":"A Avcu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Avcu A, et al. Phenotypic clusters of patients with Takayasu arteritis predict disease activity at presentation, damage and future vascular complications. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf505.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex397","volume":"57","author":"TA Kermani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kermani TA, et al. Evaluation of damage in giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57(2):322\u20138.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1214_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131117","volume":"41","author":"R Goel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goel R, et al. Childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis \u2013 experience from a tertiary care center in South India. J Rheumatol. 2014;41(6):1183\u20139.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 103","key":"1214_CR37","first-page":"139","volume":"35","author":"D Nakagomi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nakagomi D, et al. Development of a score for assessment of radiologic damage in large-vessel vasculitis (Combined Arteritis Damage Score, CARDS). Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017;35(Suppl 103):139\u201345.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1174249","volume":"14","author":"DP Misra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. Arterial wall fibrosis in Takayasu arteritis and its potential for therapeutic modulation. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1174249.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1214_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd8120187","author":"M Stojanovic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stojanovic M, et al. Enhanced liver fibrosis score as a biomarker for vascular damage assessment in patients with Takayasu Arteritis-a pilot study. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcdd8120187.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dev Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102060","volume":"39","author":"BD Nielsen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nielsen BD, et al. Update in imaging for large vessel vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2025;39(3):102060.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1214_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224543","volume":"83","author":"C Dejaco","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dejaco C, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in large vessel vasculitis in clinical practice: 2023 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2024;83(6):741\u201351.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"1214_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2025.152813","volume":"74","author":"F Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","year":"2025","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m F, et al. Prognostic significance and rationality of regular non-invasive imaging follow-up in Takayasu arteritis: a large multicenter cohort study. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2025;74:152813.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42290","volume":"75","author":"KA Quinn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Quinn KA, et al. Association of (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography activity with angiographic progression of disease in large vessel vasculitis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2023;75(1):98\u2013107.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1020","key":"1214_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1282","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/25536451","volume":"85","author":"FP Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu FP, et al. Takayasu arteritis: imaging spectrum at multidetector CT angiography. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(1020):e1282\u201392.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"6s","key":"1214_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S265","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000001527","volume":"27","author":"G Mel\u00e9ndez-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mel\u00e9ndez-Ram\u00edrez G, et al. Aortic calcification in Takayasu arteritis: risk factors and relationship with activity and vascular lesion. It is not only an aging question. J Clin Rheumatol. 2021;27(6s):S265\u201373.","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1214_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.2024-1156","volume":"52","author":"S Mumtaz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mumtaz S, et al. Novel photon-counting computed tomography for the evaluation of large-vessel giant cell arteritis. J Rheumatol. 2025;52(8):842\u20133.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.5152\/eurjrheum.2024.24056","volume":"11","author":"D Nakagomi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nakagomi D, et al. Comparison and significance of contrast-enhanced computed tomographic findings of large-vessel vasculitis before and after treatment: differences between Takayasu arteritis and giant cell arteritis. Eur J Rheumatol. 2024;11(3):371\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1214_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab684","volume":"61","author":"Y Nakaoka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nakaoka Y, et al. Vascular imaging of patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis treated with tocilizumab: post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(6):2360\u20138.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-34395-7","volume":"8","author":"E Tombetti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tombetti E, et al. Novel angiographic scores for evaluation of large vessel vasculitis. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):15979.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 129","key":"1214_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/z6drbj","volume":"39","author":"F Erbasan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Erbasan F, et al. The effects of biological agents on vascular structural lesions in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021;39(Suppl 129):135\u201341.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2023.07.002","volume":"34","author":"G Romero-Sanchez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Romero-Sanchez G, et al. Primary large vessel vasculitis: Takayasu arteritis and giant cell arteritis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2024;34(1):53\u201365.","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-015-2885-2","volume":"35","author":"Y Sun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sun Y, et al. Value of whole-body contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography with vessel wall imaging in quantitative assessment of disease activity and follow-up examination in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016;35(3):685\u201393.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212649","volume":"77","author":"C Dejaco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dejaco C, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in large vessel vasculitis in clinical practice. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(5):636\u201343.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"1214_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6666","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-07725-z","volume":"31","author":"H Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang H, et al. Detection of mural inflammation with low b-value diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with active Takayasu Arteritis. Eur Radiol. 2021;31(9):6666\u201375.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1214_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213102","volume":"77","author":"KA Quinn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Quinn KA, et al. Comparison of magnetic resonance angiography and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in large-vessel vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(8):1165\u201371.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145855","volume":"10","author":"Y Kato","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kato Y, et al. Vessel wall inflammation of Takayasu arteritis detected by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: association with disease distribution and activity. PLoS One. 2015;10(12):e0145855.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.10.002","volume":"155","author":"L Jiang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jiang L, et al. Evaluation of Takayasu arteritis activity by delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Cardiol. 2012;155(2):262\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7314","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51613-1","volume":"15","author":"D Pugh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pugh D, et al. (18)F-FDG-PET\/MR imaging to monitor disease activity in large vessel vasculitis. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):7314.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2020.12.011","volume":"77","author":"M Isobe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Isobe M, et al. Evaluation of tocilizumab for intractable Takayasu arteritis and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography for detecting inflammation under tocilizumab treatment. J Cardiol. 2021;77(5):539\u201344.","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"1214_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.723506","volume":"8","author":"C Campochiaro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Campochiaro C, et al. A prospective observational study on the efficacy and safety of infliximab-biosimilar (CT-P13) in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAKASIM). Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;8:723506.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-025-01204-w","volume":"27","author":"A Tomelleri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tomelleri A, et al. The Role of FDG-PET in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Large-Vessel Vasculitis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2025;27(1):40.","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3886","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-021-05362-8","volume":"48","author":"KSM van der Geest","year":"2021","unstructured":"van der Geest KSM, et al. Diagnostic value of [18F]FDG-PET\/CT for treatment monitoring in large vessel vasculitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021;48(12):3886\u2013902.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40379","volume":"70","author":"PC Grayson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grayson PC, et al. (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography as an imaging biomarker in a prospective, longitudinal cohort of patients with large vessel vasculitis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2018;70(3):439\u201349.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4809","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac125","volume":"61","author":"E Galli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Galli E, et al. The role of PET\/CT in disease activity assessment in patients with large vessel vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(12):4809\u201316.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"11","key":"1214_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4268","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-025-07348-2","volume":"52","author":"S Wu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu S, et al. Association of PET vascular activity score with Takayasu\u2019s arteritis angiographic progression. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2025;52(11):4268\u201380.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3310","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead056","volume":"62","author":"L Ma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ma L, et al. PET vascular activity score for predicting new angiographic lesions in patients with Takayasu arteritis: a Chinese cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2023;62(10):3310\u20136.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1214_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001977","author":"G Besutti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Besutti G, et al. Vessel inflammation and morphological changes in patients with large vessel vasculitis: a retrospective study. RMD Open. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2021-001977.","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"1214_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24976","volume":"75","author":"HD Alessi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alessi HD, et al. Longitudinal characterization of vascular inflammation and disease activity in Takayasu arteritis and giant cell arteritis: a single-center prospective study. Arthritis Care Res. 2023;75(6):1362\u201370.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"1214_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-023-06600-0","volume":"42","author":"M Ora","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ora M, et al. Metabolic inflammatory volume and total inflammatory glycolysis: novel parameters to evaluate PET-CT disease activity in Takayasu arteritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2023;42(7):1855\u201361.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"1214_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i33","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae635","volume":"64","author":"M Peverelli","year":"2025","unstructured":"Peverelli M, et al. Emerging PET radiotracers for vascular imaging. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2025;64(Supplement_1):i33-7.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1214_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.10.034","volume":"81","author":"A \u0106orovi\u0107","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u0106orovi\u0107 A, et al. Somatostatin Receptor PET\/MR Imaging of Inflammation in Patients With Large Vessel Vasculitis and Atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(4):336\u201354.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-024-06986-2","volume":"52","author":"K Zhong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhong K, et al. Comparison of [(18)F]FAPI-42 and [(18)F]FDG PET\/CT in the evaluation of systemic vasculitis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2025;52(3):1083\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"1214_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae225","volume":"63","author":"M R\u00f6hrich","year":"2024","unstructured":"R\u00f6hrich M, et al. Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-positron emission tomography in aortitis: fibroblast pathology in active inflammation and remission. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2024;63(9):2473\u201383.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1214_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X241251742","volume":"16","author":"WA Schmidt","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schmidt WA, et al. Diagnosing vasculitis with ultrasound: findings and pitfalls. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2024;16:1759720x241251742.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roac107","volume":"33","author":"Y Dong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dong Y, et al. Ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound for activity assessment in 115 patients with carotid involvement of Takayasu arteritis. Mod Rheumatol. 2023;33(5):1007\u201315.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2017.12.012","volume":"55","author":"F D'Abate","year":"2018","unstructured":"D\u2019Abate F, et al. Transthoracic Ultrasound Evaluation of Arch and Descending Thoracic Aortic Pathology. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2018;55(5):658\u201365.","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"1214_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2025-005738","author":"A Tomelleri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tomelleri A, et al. Definitions of elementary ultrasound lesions in Takayasu arteritis: a study from the OMERACT Ultrasound Working Group. RMD Open. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2025-005738.","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"1214_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tomelleri A, et al. Definitions and online reliability assessment of elementary ultrasound lesions in Takayasu arteritis: a study from the OMERACT Ultrasound Working Group. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2026. Epub ahead of print. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2026.152927.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2026.152927"},{"issue":"4","key":"1214_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223367","volume":"82","author":"C Dejaco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dejaco C, et al. The provisional OMERACT ultrasonography score for giant cell arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023;82(4):556\u201364.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12601","volume":"40","author":"C Svensson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Svensson C, et al. Vascular ultrasound for monitoring of inflammatory activity in Takayasu arteritis. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2020;40(1):37\u201345.","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"1214_CR81","first-page":"647","volume":"43","author":"L Ma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma L, et al. A novel ultrasound-based score for assessing carotid artery activity in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2025;43(4):647\u201354.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket289","volume":"52","author":"D Sinha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sinha D, et al. Development of a colour Doppler ultrasound scoring system in patients of Takayasu\u2019s arteritis and its correlation with clinical activity score (ITAS 2010). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013;52(12):2196\u2013202.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1214_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1051862","volume":"10","author":"FJ Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu FJ, et al. Clinical study of carotid superb microvascular imaging in evaluating the activity of Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023;10:1051862.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"SI","key":"1214_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"SI4","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab644","volume":"61","author":"C Campochiaro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Campochiaro C, et al. PET in Takayasu arteritis: onwards and upwards towards a future of robust multimodality disease activity assessment? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(SI):SI4\u20135.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"issue":"Suppl 124","key":"1214_CR85","first-page":"55","volume":"38","author":"G Kenar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kenar G, et al. Imaging is the major determinant in the assessment of disease activity in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020;38(Suppl 124):55\u201360.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"SI14","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab487","volume":"61","author":"LY Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma LY, et al. A novel model to assess disease activity in Takayasu arteritis based on 18F-FDG-PET\/CT: a Chinese cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61:SI14\u201322.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-021-04958-5","volume":"41","author":"DP Misra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. Corticosteroid monotherapy for the management of Takayasu arteritis-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatol Int. 2021;41(10):1729\u201342.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"1214_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4391","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05743-2","volume":"40","author":"DP Misra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs for the management of Takayasu arteritis\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol. 2021;40(11):4391\u2013416.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1214_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000002004","volume":"29","author":"AWS de Souza","year":"2023","unstructured":"de Souza AWS, et al. Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology guidelines for the treatment of Takayasu arteritis. J Clin Rheumatol. 2023;29(7):316\u201325.","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1214_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41774","volume":"73","author":"M Maz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maz M, et al. 2021 American College of Rheumatology\/Vasculitis Foundation guideline for the management of giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021;73(8):1349\u201365.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215672","volume":"79","author":"B Hellmich","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hellmich B, et al. 2018 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of large vessel vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(1):19\u201330.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.09.014","volume":"47","author":"R Goel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goel R, et al. Long-term outcome of 251 patients with Takayasu arteritis on combination immunosuppressant therapy: single centre experience from a large tertiary care teaching hospital in Southern India. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2018;47(5):718\u201326.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181219","volume":"47","author":"T Mutoh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mutoh T, et al. Insufficient use of corticosteroids without immunosuppressants results in higher relapse rates in Takayasu arteritis. J Rheumatol. 2020;47(2):255\u201363.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.705250","volume":"12","author":"C Astley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Astley C, et al. Home-based exercise training in childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis: a multicenter, randomized. Controlled Trial Front Immunol. 2021;12:705250.","journal-title":"Controlled Trial Front Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1214_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23439","volume":"43","author":"G Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li G, et al. Effects of resistance exercise on treatment outcome and laboratory parameters of Takayasu arteritis with magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis: a randomized parallel controlled clinical trial. Clin Cardiol. 2020;43(11):1273\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roac157","volume":"34","author":"S Padiyar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Padiyar S, et al. Clinical and angiographic outcomes of mycophenolate versus methotrexate in South Asian patients of Takayasu arteritis: results from an open-label, outcome-assessor blinded randomized controlled trial. Mod Rheumatol. 2023;34(1):175\u201381.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead387","volume":"63","author":"J Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang J, et al. Treatment efficacy and safety of adalimumab versus tocilizumab in patients with active and severe Takayasu arteritis: an open-label study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2024;63(5):1359\u201367.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkaf013","volume":"9","author":"H Yoshifuji","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yoshifuji H, et al. Phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of ustekinumab in patients with Takayasu arteritis. Rheumatol Adv Pract. 2025;9(2):rkaf013.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Adv Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.018","volume":"84","author":"X Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun X, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil plus methotrexate versus cyclophosphamide with sequential azathioprine for treatment of Takayasu arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2025;84(10):1733\u201342.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"1214_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez630","volume":"59","author":"Y Nakaoka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakaoka Y, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in refractory Takayasu arteritis: final results of the randomized controlled phase 3 TAKT study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020;59(9):2427\u201334.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103917","volume":"24","author":"DP Misra","year":"2025","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. The fragility of randomized controlled trials in large vessel vasculitis. Autoimmun Rev. 2025;24(12):103917.","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e156","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae013","volume":"63","author":"DP Misra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Misra DP. Comment on: Treatment efficacy and safety of adalimumab versus tocilizumab in patients with active and severe Takayasu arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2024;63(5):e156\u20137.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1214_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204062232092201","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622320922019","volume":"11","author":"X Dai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dai X, et al. Effectiveness and safety of leflunomide compared with cyclophosphamide as induction therapy in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: an observational study. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2020;11:2040622320922019.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Chronic Dis"},{"key":"1214_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X20930114","volume":"12","author":"S Ying","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ying S, et al. Efficacy and safety of leflunomide versus cyclophosphamide for initial-onset Takayasu arteritis: a prospective cohort study. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2020;12:1759720x20930114.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"1214_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu C, et al. Effectiveness and safety of methotrexate versus leflunomide in 12-month treatment for Takayasu arteritis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2040622320975233.","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622320975233"},{"key":"1214_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2024.152446","volume":"66","author":"S Kaymaz-Tahra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kaymaz-Tahra S, et al. Comparison of methotrexate and azathioprine as the first-line steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents in patients with Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2024;66:152446.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.01.005","volume":"50","author":"C Campochiaro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Campochiaro C, et al. Drug retention and discontinuation reasons between seven biologics in patients with Takayasu arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2020;50(3):509\u201314.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"1214_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.09.010","volume":"51","author":"F Alibaz-Oner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alibaz-Oner F, et al. Biologic treatments in Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: a comparative study of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and tocilizumab. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2021;51(6):1224\u20139.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"1214_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab635","volume":"61","author":"A Mekinian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mekinian A, et al. Efficacy and safety of TNF-\u03b1 antagonists and tocilizumab in Takayasu arteritis: multicentre retrospective study of 209 patients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(4):1376\u201384.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roab012","volume":"32","author":"A Tomelleri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tomelleri A, et al. Effectiveness and safety of infliximab dose escalation in patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis: A real-life experience from a monocentric cohort. Mod Rheumatol. 2022;32(2):406\u201312.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1214_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42496","volume":"75","author":"X Tian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tian X, et al. Comparative efficacy of secukinumab versus tumor necrosis factor inhibitors for the treatment of Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2023;75(8):1415\u201323.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002830","author":"A Mekinian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mekinian A, et al. Intravenous versus subcutaneous tocilizumab in Takayasu arteritis: multicentre retrospective study. RMD Open. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002830.","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae331","volume":"64","author":"D Bletry","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bletry D, et al. Impact of conventional and biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on arterial lesions in Takayasu arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2025;64(2):675\u201381.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1214_CR114","unstructured":"Mekinian A, et al. Effectiveness of intravenous infliximab versus subcutaneous adalimumab in Takayasu arteritis: multicenter retrospective study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2025."},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-220832","volume":"81","author":"X Kong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kong X, et al. Treatment efficacy and safety of tofacitinib versus methotrexate in Takayasu arteritis: a prospective observational study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(1):117\u201323.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"1214_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.152018","volume":"55","author":"J Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang J, et al. Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib versus leflunomide with glucocorticoids treatment in Takayasu arteritis: a prospective study. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2022;55:152018.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1214_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003992","author":"F Peron Filho","year":"2024","unstructured":"Peron Filho F, et al. Effectiveness and safety of adalimumab compared with leflunomide in patients with Takayasu arteritis: a retrospective cohort study. RMD Open. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003992.","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"1214_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102634","volume":"19","author":"P Mertz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mertz P, et al. Infliximab is an effective glucocorticoid-sparing treatment for Takayasu arteritis: results of a multicenter open-label prospective study. Autoimmun Rev. 2020;19(10):102634.","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2021.105186","volume":"88","author":"S Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu S, et al. Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab in patients with refractory or severe Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: a prospective cohort study in a Chinese population. Joint Bone Spine. 2021;88(5):105186.","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"1214_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roac099","volume":"33","author":"M Harigai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Harigai M, et al. A multicentre, large-scale, observational study of tocilizumab in patients with Takayasu arteritis in Japan: the ACTEMRA\u00ae (ACT)-bridge study. Mod Rheumatol. 2023;33(5):998\u20131006.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103275","volume":"22","author":"DP Misra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. The effectiveness of tocilizumab and its comparison with tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors for Takayasu arteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2023;22(3):103275.","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"1214_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.02.046","volume":"287","author":"OC Kwon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kwon OC, et al. Statins reduce relapse rate in Takayasu arteritis. Int J Cardiol. 2019;287:111\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1080\/08941939.2017.1408718","volume":"32","author":"T Zheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zheng T, et al. Treatment with corticosteroid and\/or immunosuppressive agents before surgery can effectively improve the surgical outcome in patients with Takayasu\u2019s arteritis. J Invest Surg. 2019;32(3):220\u20137.","journal-title":"J Invest Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"1214_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s40674-024-00216-4","volume":"10","author":"MF de Aguiar","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Aguiar MF, et al. Vascular Interventions in Takayasu Arteritis. Curr Treat Options Rheumatol. 2024;10(2):25\u201333.","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1214_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.02.030","volume":"55","author":"JH Jung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jung JH, et al. Endovascular versus open surgical intervention in patients with Takayasu\u2019s arteritis: a meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2018;55(6):888\u201399.","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"29","key":"1214_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007558","volume":"96","author":"HS Jeong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jeong HS, et al. Endovascular balloon angioplasty versus stenting in patients with Takayasu arteritis: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(29):e7558.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1214_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.10.024","volume":"81","author":"G Joseph","year":"2023","unstructured":"Joseph G, et al. Outcomes of percutaneous intervention in patients with Takayasu arteritis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(1):49\u201364.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1214_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161467","volume":"44","author":"AG Sreih","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sreih AG, et al. Development of a core set of outcome measures for large-vessel vasculitis: report from OMERACT 2016. J Rheumatol. 2017;44(12):1933\u20137.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"1214_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S355881","volume":"15","author":"K Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh K, et al. Novel Th17 lymphocyte populations, Th17.1 and PD1+Th17, are increased in Takayasu arteritis, and both Th17 and Th17.1 sub-populations associate with active disease. J Inflamm Res. 2022;15:1521\u201341.","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1214_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-021-00355-3","volume":"8","author":"DP Misra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Misra DP, et al. Patient-reported outcome measures in Takayasu arteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatol Ther. 2021;8(3):1073\u201393.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther"}],"container-title":["Current Rheumatology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-026-01214-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11926-026-01214-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11926-026-01214-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T06:02:44Z","timestamp":1773986564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11926-026-01214-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"references-count":130,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11926-026-01214-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-6307"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-6307","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"8"}}