{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:33:36Z","timestamp":1791905616218,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Urol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-002-0054-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,5]],"date-time":"2007-06-05T20:40:02Z","timestamp":1181076002000},"page":"301-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The NIH consensus concept of chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome compared with traditional concepts of nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"John N.","family":"Krieger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan O.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"54_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)63564-X","volume":"159","author":"MM Collins","year":"1998","unstructured":"Collins MM, Stafford RS, O\u2019Leary MP, et al.: How common is prostatitis? A national survey of physician visits. J Urol 1998, 159:1224\u20131228. This article demonstrates the widespread incidence of genitourinary symptoms among men in the United States.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"54_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)57135-9","volume":"120","author":"GW Drach","year":"1978","unstructured":"Drach GW, Meares EM, Jr, Fair WR, et al.: Classification of benign disease associated with prostatic pain: prostatitis or prostatodynia? J Urol 1978, 120:266.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"54_CR3","first-page":"492","volume":"5","author":"EM Meares","year":"1968","unstructured":"Meares EM, Jr, Stamey TA: Bacteriologic localization patterns in bacterial prostatitis and urethritis. Invest Urol 1968, 5:492\u2013518.","journal-title":"Invest Urol"},{"key":"54_CR4","first-page":"342","volume-title":"Pathogenesis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections","author":"T Stamey","year":"1980","unstructured":"Stamey T: Urinary infections in males. In Pathogenesis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1980:342\u2013429."},{"key":"54_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.3.236","volume":"282","author":"J Krieger","year":"1999","unstructured":"Krieger J, Nyberg L, Jr, Nickel J, et al.: NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis. JAMA 1999, 282:236\u2013237.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"54_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67027-9","volume":"164","author":"JN Krieger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krieger JN, Jacobs RR, Ross SO: Does the chronic prostatitis\/ pelvic pain syndrome differ from nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia? J Urol 2000, 164:1554\u20131558. In this article, the authors compare the number of patients diagnosed with CP\/CPPS by the NIH classification system with the number of patients diagnosed by traditional evaluation methods.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"54_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00421-9","volume":"48","author":"J Krieger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krieger J, Egan K, Ross S, et al.: Chronic pelvic pains represent the most prominent urogenital symptoms of \u201cchronic prostatitis.\u201d Urology 1996, 48:715\u2013721.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"54_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)00437-9","volume":"55","author":"J Krieger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krieger J, Jacobs R, Ross S: Detecting urethral and prostatic inflammation in patients with chronic prostatitis. Urology 2000, 55:186\u2013191.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"54_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.10.2240-2244.1989","volume":"27","author":"J Krieger","year":"1989","unstructured":"Krieger J, McGonagle LA: Diagnostic considerations and interpretation of microbiological findings for evaluation of chronic prostatitis. J Clin Microbiol 1989, 27:2240\u20132244.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"54_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1996.tb01788.x","volume":"17","author":"JN Krieger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krieger JN, Berger RE, Ross SO, et al.: Seminal fluid findings in men with nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia. J Androl 1996, 17:310\u2013318.","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"54_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)57309-9","volume":"63","author":"EH Yanushpolsky","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yanushpolsky EH, Politch JA, Hill JA, et al.: Antibiotic therapy and leukocytospermia: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Fertil Steril 1995, 63:142\u2013147.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"54_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)56949-0","volume":"62","author":"EF Branigan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Branigan EF, Muller CH: Efficacy of treatment and recurrence rate of leukocytospermia in infertile men with prostatitis. Fertil Steril 1994, 62:580\u2013584.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"54_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1986.tb00871.x","volume":"9","author":"FH Comhaire","year":"1986","unstructured":"Comhaire FH, Rowe PJ, Farley TM: The effect of doxycycline in infertile couples with male accessory gland infection: a double blind prospective study. Int J Androl 1986, 9:91\u201398.","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"54_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1994.tb00462.x","volume":"15","author":"RJ Aitken","year":"1994","unstructured":"Aitken RJ, West K, Buckingham D: Leukocytic infiltration into the human ejaculate and its association with semen quality, oxidative stress, and sperm function. J Androl 1994, 15:343\u2013352.","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"54_CR15","first-page":"79","volume":"38","author":"DJ Anderson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Anderson DJ: Cell-mediated immunity and inflammatory processes in male infertility. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 1990, 38:79\u201386.","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)"},{"key":"54_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(91)80175-7","volume":"38","author":"E Christiansen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Christiansen E, Tollefsrud A, Purvis K: Sperm quality in men with chronic abacterial prostatovesiculitis verified by rectal ultrasonography. Urology 1991, 38:545\u2013549.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"54_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1982.tb02273.x","volume":"14","author":"MA El-Bayoumi","year":"1982","unstructured":"El-Bayoumi MA, Hamada TA, El-Mokaddem HH: Male infertility: etiologic factors in 385 consecutive cases. Andrologia 1982, 14:333\u2013339.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"54_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1993.tb01146.x","volume":"16","author":"K Purvis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Purvis K, Christiansen E: Infection in the male reproductive tract: impact, diagnosis and treatment in relation to male infertility. Int J Androl 1993, 16:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"54_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)56116-0","volume":"60","author":"JA Politch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Politch JA, Wolff H, Hill JA, et al.: Comparison of methods to enumerate white blood cells in semen. Fertil Steril 1993, 60:372\u2013375.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"54_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1976.tb01649.x","volume":"8","author":"M Couture","year":"1976","unstructured":"Couture M, Ulstein M, Leonard J, et al.: Improved staining method for differentiating immature sperm from white blood cells in human seminal fluid. Andrologia 1976, 8:61\u201366.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"54_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90073-6","volume":"75","author":"WE Stamm","year":"1983","unstructured":"Stamm WE: Measurement of pyuria and its relation to bacteriuria. Am J Med 1983, 75:53\u201358.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"54_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)00464-1","volume":"55","author":"M Ludwig","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ludwig M, Schroeder-Printzen I, Lubecke G, et al.: Comparison of expressed prostatic secretions with urine after prostatic massage: a means to diagnosis chronic prostatitis\/inflammatory chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology 2000, 55:175\u2013177.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"54_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3120","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.12.3120-3128.1996","volume":"34","author":"JN Krieger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krieger JN, Riley DE, Roberts MC, Berger RE: Prokaryotic DNA sequences in patients with chronic idiopathic prostatitis. J Clin Microbiol 1996, 34:3120\u20133128.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"54_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.6.1863-1870.1999","volume":"37","author":"MA Tanner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tanner MA, Shoskes D, Shahed A, et al.: Prevalence of corynebacterial 16S rRNA sequences in patients with bacterial and \u201cnonbacterial\u201d prostatitis. J Clin Microbiol 1999, 37:1863\u20131870.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"54_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65066-3","volume":"157","author":"RE Berger","year":"1997","unstructured":"Berger RE, Krieger JN, Rothman I, et al.: Bacteria in the prostate tissue of men with idiopathic prostatic inflammation. J Urol 1997, 157:863\u2013865.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"54_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00390-2","volume":"52","author":"RB Alexander","year":"1998","unstructured":"Alexander RB, Ponniah S, Hasday J, et al.: Elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the semen of patients with chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology 1998, 52:744\u2013749.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"54_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.1998.tb02825.x","volume":"30","author":"M Ludwig","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ludwig M, Kummel C, Schroeder-Printzen I, et al.: Evaluation of seminal plasma parameters in patients with chronic prostatitis or leukocytospermia. Andrologia 1998, 30:41\u201347.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"54_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.8.2025","volume":"14","author":"E Vicari","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vicari E: Seminal leukocyte concentration and related specific reactive oxygen species production in patients with male accessory gland infections. Hum Reprod 1999, 14:2025\u20132030.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"54_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1159\/000030218","volume":"60","author":"T Nishimura","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nishimura T, Abe H, Ito H, et al.: IL-1ra versus IL-1 levels in prostatic fluid from prostatitis patients. Urol Int 1998, 60:92\u201396.","journal-title":"Urol Int"}],"container-title":["Current Urology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11934-002-0054-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11934-002-0054-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11934-002-0054-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11934-002-0054-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T21:21:36Z","timestamp":1707945696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11934-002-0054-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}},"alternative-id":["54"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11934-002-0054-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1527-2737","1534-6285"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1527-2737","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-6285","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}}}