{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:22:35Z","timestamp":1788823355523,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]],"date-time":"2017-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505347200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Treat Options Cardio Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11936-017-0575-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]],"date-time":"2017-09-13T23:31:35Z","timestamp":1505345495000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Challenges of Anticoagulation Therapy in Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Annemarie E.","family":"Fogerty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"575_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McDonnell BP, Glennon K, McTiernan A, O\u2019Connor HD, Kirkham C, Kevane B, et al. Adjustment of therapeutic LMWH to achieve specific target anti-Xa acivity does not affect outcomes in pregnant patients with venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2017;43(1):105\u201311.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-016-1409-5"},{"issue":"7","key":"575_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13117","volume":"46","author":"S Petrie","year":"2016","unstructured":"Petrie S, Barras M, Lust K, Fagermo N, Allen J, Martin JH. Evaluation of therapeutic enoxaparin in a pregnant population at a tertiary hospital. Intern Med J. 2016;46(7):826\u201333.","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"575_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2016.08.002","volume":"28","author":"L Chow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chow L, Carr A, MacKenzie L, Walker A, Archer D, Lee A. The effect of dalteparin on thromboelastography in pregnancy: an in vitro study. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2016;28:22\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth"},{"key":"575_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patil AS, Clapp T, Gaston PK, Kuhl D, Rinehart E, Meyer NL. Increased unfractionated heparin requirements with decreasing body mass index in pregnancy. Obstet Med. 2016;9(4):156\u20139.","DOI":"10.1177\/1753495X16659401"},{"key":"575_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patil AS, Clapp T, Gaston PK, Kuhl D, Rinehart E, Meyer NL. Increased unfractionated heparin requirements with decreasing body mass index in pregnancy. Obstet Med. 2016;9(4):156\u20139.","DOI":"10.1177\/1753495X16659401"},{"issue":"3","key":"575_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1990.tb01785.x","volume":"97","author":"T Dahlman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dahlman T, Lindvall N, Hellgren M. Osteopenia in pregnancy during long-term heparin treatment: a radiological study post partum. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97(3):221\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"575_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90378-V","volume":"168","author":"TC Dahlman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dahlman TC. Osteoporotic fractures and the recurrence of thromboembolism during pregnancy and the puerperium in 184 women undergoing thromboprophylaxis with heparin. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;168(4):1265\u201370.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"575_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1612970","volume":"87","author":"V Pettila","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pettila V, Leinonen P, Markkola A, Hiilesmaa V, Kaaja R. Postpartum bone mineral density in women treated for thromboprophylaxis with unfractionated heparin or LMW heparin. Thromb Haemost. 2002;87(2):182\u20136.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"575_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DeCarolis S, di Pasquo RE, Del Sordo G, Buonomo A, Schiavino D, Lanzone A, et al. Fondaparinux in pregnancy: could it be a safe option? A review of the literature. Thromb Res. 2015;135(6):1049\u201351.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2015.04.001"},{"key":"575_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beyer-Westendorf J, Michalski F, Tittl L, Middeldorp S, Cohen H, Abdul Kadir R, et al. Pregnancy outcome in patients exposed to direct oral anticoagulants\u2014and the challenge of event reporting. Thromb Haemost. 2016;116(4):651\u20138.","DOI":"10.1160\/TH16-04-0305"},{"issue":"2","key":"575_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-015-0893-5","volume":"105","author":"M Hoeltzenbein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoeltzenbein M, Beck E, Meixner K, Schaefer C, Kreutz R. Pregnancy outcome after exposure to the novel oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban in women at suspected risk for thromboembolic events: a case series from the German Embryotox Pharmacovigilance Centre. Clin Res Cardiol. 2016;105(2):117\u201326.","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"575_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-006-5709-z","volume":"21","author":"G Leonhardt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leonhardt G, Gaul C, Nietsch HH, Buerke M, Schleussner E. Thrombolytic therapy in pregnancy. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2006;21(3):271\u20136.","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"7","key":"575_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199507000-00020","volume":"50","author":"MA Turrentine","year":"1995","unstructured":"Turrentine MA, Braems G, Ramirez MM. Use of thrombolytics for the treatment of thromboembolic disease during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1995;50(7):534\u201341.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"575_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197609022951004","volume":"295","author":"MA Heymann","year":"1976","unstructured":"Heymann MA, Rudolph AM, Silverman NH. Closure of the ductus arteriosus in premature infants by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. N Engl J Med. 1976;295:530\u20133.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"575_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60712-0","volume":"369","author":"LM Askie","year":"2007","unstructured":"Askie LM, Duley L, Henderson-smart DJ, Stewart LA, PARIS collaborative group. Antiplatelet agents for prevention of pre-eclampsia: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet. 2007;369:1791\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"575_CR16","first-page":"CD004659","volume":"2","author":"Duley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Duley, Henderson-Smart DJ, Meher S, King JF. Antiplatelet agents for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;2:CD004659.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"575_CR17","first-page":"CD004734","volume":"1","author":"S Kaandorp","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kaandorp S, Di Nisio M, Goddijn M, Middeldorp S. Aspirin or anticoagulants for treating recurrent miscarriage in women without antiphospholipid syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;1:CD004734.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"575_CR18","first-page":"CD004832","volume":"4","author":"VJ Poutsie","year":"2007","unstructured":"Poutsie VJ, Dodd S, Drakeley AJ. Low-dose aspirin for in vitro fertilization. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;4:CD004832.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"575_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92633-6","volume":"343","author":"CLASP (Collaborative Low-dose Aspirin Study in Pregnancy) Collaborative Group","year":"1994","unstructured":"CLASP (Collaborative Low-dose Aspirin Study in Pregnancy) Collaborative Group. CLASP: a randomized trial of low-dose aspirin for the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia among 9364 pregnant women. Lancet. 1994;343:619\u201329.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"575_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2014.214","volume":"35","author":"GS Moore","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moore GS, Allshouse AA, Post AL, Galan HL, Heyborne KD. Early initiation of low-dose aspirin for reduction in preeclampsia risk in high-risk women: a secondary analysis of the MFMU high-risk aspirin study. J Perinatol. 2015;35(5):328\u201331.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"22","key":"575_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.03.605","volume":"69","author":"ZL Steinberg","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u2022 Steinberg ZL, Dominguez-Islas CP, Otto CM, Stout KK, Krieger EV. Maternal and fetal outcomes of anticoagulation in pregnant women with mechanic heart valves. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(22):2681\u201391. The most recent meta-analysis again demonstrating that VKA use in women with mechanical heart valves is associated with fewer maternal complications, but LMWH throughout gestation is associated with the lowest risk for adverse fetal outcome.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"575_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Souza R, Ostro J, Shah PS, Silversides CK, Malinowski A, Murphy KE, Sermer M, Shehata N. Anticoagulation for pregnant women with mechanical heart valves: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2017.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx032"},{"key":"575_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu Z, Fan J, Luo X, Zhang WB, Ma J, Lin YB, et al. Anticoagulation regimens during pregnancy in patients with mechanical heart valves: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Can J Cardiol. 2016;32(10):1248.e1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2015.11.005"},{"key":"575_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181deba40","volume":"115","author":"PD Ziakas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ziakas PD, Pavlou M, Voulgarelis M. Heparin treatment in antiphospholipid syndrome with recurrent pregnancy loss: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115:1256\u201362.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"575_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep373","volume":"49","author":"A Mak","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mak A, Cheung MW, Cheak AA, Ho RC. Combination of heparin and aspirin is superior to aspirin alone in enhancing live births in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss and positive anti-phospholipid antibodies: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and meta-regression. Rheumatology. 2010;49:281\u20138.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2. Suppl","key":"575_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e691S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2300","volume":"141","author":"SM Bates","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bates SM, Greer IA, Middeldorp S, Veenstra DL, Prabulos AM, Vandvik PO. VTE, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy, and pregnancy: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012;141(2. Suppl):e691S\u2013736S.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"575_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaandorp SP, Goddijn M, van der Post JA, Hutten BA, Verhoeve HR, Hamulyak K, et al. Aspirin plus heparin or aspirin alone in women with recurrent miscarriage. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(17):1586\u201396.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1000641"},{"key":"575_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark P, Walker ID, Langhorne P, Crichton L, Thomson A, Greaves M, et al., Scottish Pregnancy Intervention Study (SPIN) collaborators. SPIN (Scottish Pregnancy Intervention) study: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial of low-molecular-weight heparin and low-dose aspirin in women with recurrent miscarriage. Blood. 2010;115(21):4162\u20137.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-01-267252"},{"key":"575_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Visser J, Ulander VM, Helmerhorst FM, Lampinen K, Morin-Papunen, Bloemenkamp KW, et al. Thromboprophylaxis for recurrent miscarriage in women with or without thrombophilia. HABENOX: a randomized multicentre trial. Thromb Haemost. 2011;105(2):295\u2013301.","DOI":"10.1160\/TH10-05-0334"},{"issue":"14","key":"575_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-11-610857","volume":"125","author":"E Pasquier","year":"2015","unstructured":"\u2022 Pasquier E, et al. Enoxaparin for prevention of unexplained recurrent miscarriage: a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Blood. 2015;125(14):2200\u20135. Another randomized trial showing no benefit of enoxaparin in preventing recurrent miscarriage.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"575_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u2022 Schleussner E, Kamin G, Seliger G, Rogenhofer N, Ebner S, Toth B, et al., ETHIG II group. Low-molecular-weight heparin for women with unexplained recurrent pregnant loss: a multicenter trial with a minimization randomization scheme. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162(9):601\u20139. A large trial of 449 women demonstrating no benefit of dalteparin in preventing recurrent miscarriage.","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2062"},{"issue":"10","key":"575_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2014.07.010","volume":"35","author":"R D\u2019Souza","year":"2014","unstructured":"D\u2019Souza R, Keating S, Walker M, Drewlo S, Kingdom J. Unfractionated heparin and placenta pathology in high-risk pregnancies: secondary analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trial. Placenta. 2014;35(10):816\u201323.","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"5","key":"575_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001673","volume":"128","author":"B Haddad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haddad B, Heparin-Preeclampsia (HEPEPE) Trial Investigators, et al. Enoxaparin and aspirin compared with aspirin alone to prevent placenta-mediated pregnancy complications: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(5):1053\u201363.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9955","key":"575_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60793-5","volume":"384","author":"MA Rodger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rodger MA, et al. TIPPS investigators. Antepartum dalteparin versus no antepartum dalteparin for the prevention of pregnancy complications in pregnant women with thrombophilia (TIPPS): a multinational open-label randomized trial. Lancet. 2014;384(9955):1673\u201383.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"575_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0719-9","volume":"16","author":"PG Jong De","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Jong PG, et al. ALIFE2 study: low-molecular-weight heparin for women with recurrent miscarriage and inherited thrombophilia\u2014study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2015;16:208.","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"575_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2015.130","volume":"36","author":"ML Stephenson","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u2022 Stephenson ML, Serra AE, Neeper JM, Caballero DC, McNulty J. A randomized controlled trial of differing doses of postcesarean enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis in obese women. J Perinatol. 2016;36(2):95\u20139. A recent publication showing that obesity should be factored when determining the appropriate dose of thromboprophylaxis.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"575_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2015.06.005","volume":"43","author":"T Boilot","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boilot T, Raia-Barjat T, Ollier E, Chapelle C, Laporte S, Chauleur C. Influence of anticoagulant therapy during pregnancy on the peripartum and anesthesia delivery terms. Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2015;43(7\u20138):502\u20138.","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Fertil"},{"issue":"2","key":"575_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1177\/1753495X14520849","volume":"7","author":"EHZ Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang EHZ, Marnoch CA, Khurana R, Sia W, Yuksel N. Haemorrhagic complications of peripartum anticoagulation: a retrospective chart review. Obstetric Med. 2014;7(2):77\u201383.","journal-title":"Obstetric Med"}],"container-title":["Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11936-017-0575-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11936-017-0575-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11936-017-0575-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]],"date-time":"2019-10-03T08:48:01Z","timestamp":1570092481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11936-017-0575-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["575"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11936-017-0575-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-8464","1534-3189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-8464","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3189","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]]},"article-number":"76"}}