{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T15:07:00Z","timestamp":1758121620760},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]],"date-time":"2007-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1179878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Treat Options Gastro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11938-007-0015-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]],"date-time":"2007-05-23T17:58:26Z","timestamp":1179943106000},"page":"221-230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Functional disorders of defecation: Evaluation and treatment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Bryan J.","family":"Feyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satish S. C.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"15_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303162","volume":"38","author":"D.A. Drossman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Drossman DA, Li Z, Andruzzi E, et al.: U.S. householder survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Prevalence, sociodemography, and health impact. Dig Dis Sci 1993, 38:1569\u20131580.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"15_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01642.x","volume":"94","author":"W.F. Stewart","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stewart WF, Liberman JN, Sandler RS, et al.: Epidemiology of constipation (EPOC) study in the Unites States: relation of clinical subtypes to socioeconomic features. Am J Gastroenterol 1999, 94:3530\u20133540.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"15_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537261","volume":"34","author":"J.E. Everhart","year":"1989","unstructured":"Everhart JE, Go VL, Johannes RS, et al.: A longitudinal study of self reported bowel habits in the United States. Dig Dis Sci 1989, 34:1153\u20131162.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"15_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2004.00526.x","volume":"16","author":"S.S. Rao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rao SS, Mudipalli S, Stessman M, Zimmerman B: Investigation of the utility of colorectal function tests and Rome II criteria in dyssynergic defecation (Anismus). Neurogastroenterol Motil 2004, 16:589\u2013596.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"15_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-006-0028-2","volume":"8","author":"J. Remes-Troche","year":"2006","unstructured":"Remes-Troche J, Rao SS: Diagnostic testing in patients with chronic constipation. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2006, 8:416\u2013424.","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"15_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2004.00632.x","volume":"6","author":"U. Kalborn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kalborn U, Lundin E, Graf W, Pahlman L: Anorectal physiology in relation to clinic subgroups of patients with severe constipation. Colorectal Dis 2004, 6:343\u2013349.","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"15_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2790","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00827.x","volume":"101","author":"S.S. Rao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rao SS, Kavlock R, Rao S: Influence of body position and stool characteristics on defecation in humans. Am J Gastroenterol 2006, 101:2790\u20132796.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"15_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2002.00352.x","volume":"14","author":"S.S. Rao","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rao SS, Azpiroz F, Diamant N, et al.: Minimum standards of anorectal manometry. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2002, 14:553\u2013559.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"15_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.064","volume":"130","author":"A.E. Bharucha","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bharucha AE, Wald A, Enck P, Rao S: Functional anorectal disorders. Gastroenterology 2006, 130:1510\u20131518.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"15_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.061","volume":"130","author":"G.F. Longstreth","year":"2006","unstructured":"Longstreth GF, Thompson WG, Chey WD, et al.: Functional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology 2006, 130:1480\u20131491.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"15_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/32.3.347","volume":"32","author":"C. Savoye-Collet","year":"2003","unstructured":"Savoye-Collet C, Savoye G, Koning E, Leroi AM: Defecography in symptomatic older women living at home. Age Ageing 2003, 32:347\u2013350.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"15_CR12","first-page":"293","volume":"14","author":"N. Bolog","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bolog N, Weishaupt D: Dynamic MR imaging of outlet obstruction. Rom J Gastroenterol 2005, 14:293\u2013302.","journal-title":"Rom J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"15_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2232010665","volume":"223","author":"K.M. Bertschinger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bertschinger KM, Hetzer FH, Roos JE, et al.: Dynamic MR imaging of the pelvic floor performed with patient sitting in an open-magnet unit versus with patient supine in a closed-magnet unit. Radiology 2002, 223:501\u2013508.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"15_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(02)70033-3","volume":"56","author":"C. Pepin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pepin C, Ladabuam U: The yield of lower endoscopy in patients with constipation: survey of a university hospital, public county hospital, and a veterans administration medical center. Gastrointest Endosc 2002, 56:325\u2013332.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"15_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(05)70169-2","volume":"30","author":"S.S. Rao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rao SS: Dyssnergic defecation. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2001, 30:97\u2013114.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"15_CR16","first-page":"96","volume":"6","author":"S.S. Rao","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rao SS: The technical aspects of biofeedback therapy for defecation disorders. Gastroenterologist 1998, 6:96\u2013103.","journal-title":"Gastroenterologist"},{"key":"15_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90188-2","volume":"2","author":"R.I. Hallan","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hallan RI, Williams NS, Melling J, et al.: Treatment of anismus in intractable constipation with botulinum A toxin. Lancet 1988, 2:714\u2013717.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"15_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02081409","volume":"39","author":"J.S. Joo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Joo JS, Agachan F, Wolff B, et al.: Initial North American experience with botulinum toxin type A for treatment of anismus. Dis Colon Rectum 1996, 39:1107\u20131111.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800761117","volume":"76","author":"M. Pinho","year":"1989","unstructured":"Pinho M, Yoshioka K, Keighley MR: Long term results of anorectal myotomy for chronic constipation. Br J Surg 1989, 76:1163\u20131164.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800790205","volume":"79","author":"G.S. Duthie","year":"1992","unstructured":"Duthie GS, Bartolo DC: Abdominal rectopexy for rectal prolapse: a comparison of techniques. Br J Surg 1992, 79:107\u2013113.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02234164","volume":"42","author":"R.D. Madoff","year":"1999","unstructured":"Madoff RD, Mellgren A: One hundred years of rectal prolapse surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 1999, 42:441\u2013450.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050146","volume":"37","author":"M. Scaglia","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scaglia M, Fasth S, Hallgren T, et al.: Abdominal rectopexy for rectal prolapse. Influence of surgical technique on functional outcome. Dis Colon Rectum 1994, 37:805\u2013813.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800781207","volume":"78","author":"C.T. Speakman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Speakman CT, Madden MV, Nicholls RJ, Kamm MA: Lateral ligament division during rectopexy causes constipation but prevents recurrence: results of a prospective randomized study. Br J Surg 1991, 78:1431\u20131433.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01311251","volume":"29","author":"V. Brandt-Gradel van den","year":"1984","unstructured":"van den Brandt-Gradel V, Huibregtse K, Tytgat GN: Treatment of the solitary rectal ulcer syndrome with high fiber diet and abstention of straining defecation. Dig Dis Sci 1984, 29:1005\u20131008.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"15_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1995.tb07268.x","volume":"65","author":"Y.H. Ho","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ho YH, Ho JM, Parry BR, et al.: Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: the clinical entity and anorectal physiological findings in Singapore. Aust N Z J Surg 1995, 65:93\u201397.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02053202","volume":"33","author":"R. Kochhar","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kochhar R, Mehta SK, Aggarwal R, et al.: Sucralfate enema in ulcerative rectosigmoid lesions. Dis Colon Rectum 1990, 33:49\u201351.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02049928","volume":"34","author":"S.A. Zargar","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zargar SA, Khuroo MS, Mahajan R: Sucralfate retention enemas in solitary rectal ulcer. Dis Colon Rectum 1991, 34:455\u2013457.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010574","volume":"24","author":"A. Ederle","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ederle A, Bulighin G, Orlandi PG, Pilati S: Endoscopic application of human fibrin sealant in the treatment of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. Endoscopy 1992, 24:736\u2013737.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"15_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02066979","volume":"16","author":"N.R. Binnie","year":"1992","unstructured":"Binnie NR, Papachrysostomou M, Clare N, Smith AN: Solitary rectal ulcer: the place of biofeedback and surgery in the treatment of the syndrome. World J Surg 1992, 16:836\u2013840.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.6.817","volume":"41","author":"C.J. Vaizey","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vaizey CJ, Roy AJ, Kamm MA: Prospective evaluation of the treatment of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome with biofeedback. Gut 1997, 41:817\u2013820.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"15_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800820309","volume":"82","author":"S. Halligan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Halligan S, Nicholls RJ, Bartram CI: Proctographic changes after rectopexy for solitary rectal ulcer syndrome and preoperative predictive factors for a successful outcome. Br J Surg 1995, 82:314\u2013317.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02555506","volume":"27","author":"M.R. Keighley","year":"1984","unstructured":"Keighley MR, Shouler P: Clinical and manometric features of the solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. Dis Colon Rectum 1984, 27:507\u2013512.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800770613","volume":"77","author":"J.L. McCue","year":"1990","unstructured":"McCue JL, Thomson JP: Rectopexy for internal intussusception. Br J Surg 1990, 77:632\u2013634.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02051012","volume":"35","author":"J.J. Tjandra","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tjandra JJ, Fazio VW, Church JM, et al.: Clinical conundrum of solitary rectal ulcer. Dis Colon Rectum 1992, 35:227\u2013234.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050018","volume":"36","author":"J.J. Tjandra","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tjandra JJ, Fazio VW, Church JM, et al.: Ripstein procedure is effective treatment for rectal prolapse without constipation. Dis Colon Rectum 1993, 36:501\u2013507.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00854.x","volume":"85","author":"P.J. Sitzler","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sitzler PJ, Kamm MA, Nicholls RJ, McKee RF: Long-term outcome of surgery for solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. Br J Surg 1998, 85:1246\u20131250.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"15_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S335","DOI":"10.14309\/00000434-200509001-00916","volume":"100","author":"S. Heymen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Heymen S, Scarlett Y, Jones K, et al.: Randomized controlled trial shows biofeedback to be superior to alternate treatments for patients with pelvic floor dyssynergia-type defecation [abstract]. Am J Gastroenterol 2005, 100:S335. Abstract 916.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"15_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00791.x","volume":"101","author":"G. Maria","year":"2006","unstructured":"Maria G, Cadeddu F, Brandara F, et al.: Experience with type A botulinum toxin for the treatment of outlet-type constipation. Am J Gastroenterol 2006, 101:2570\u20132575.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"15_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.014","volume":"130","author":"G. Chiarioni","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chiarioni G, Whitehead W, Pezza V, et al.: Biofeedback is superior to laxatives for normal transit constipation due to pelvic floor dyssynergia. Gastroenterology 2006, 130:657\u2013664.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"15_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.05.015","volume":"129","author":"G. Chiarioni","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chiarioni G, Saladini L, Whitehead W: Biofeedback benefits only patients with outlet obstruction defecation, not patients with isolated slow transit constipation. Gastroenterology 2005, 129:86\u201397.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"15_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rao SS, Seaton K, Brown CK, et al.: Randomized controlled trial of biofeedback, sham feedback and standard therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 2007, In press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.12.023"},{"key":"15_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00466.x","volume":"101","author":"S.S. Rao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rao SS, Ozturk R, De Ocampo S, et al.: Pathophysiology and role of biofeedback therapy in solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2006, 101:613\u2013618.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"15_CR43","first-page":"96","volume":"1","author":"M. Pescatori","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pescatori M, Favetta U, Dedola S, et al.: Transanal stapled excision of rectal mucosal prolapse. Tech Coloproctol 1997, 1:96\u201398.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"15_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6465-9","volume":"45","author":"D.F. Altomare","year":"2002","unstructured":"Altomare DF, Rinaldi M, Veglia A, et al.: Combined perineal and endorectal repair of rectocele by circular stapler: a novel surgical technique. Dis Colon Rectum 2002, 45:1549\u20131552.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s101510100017","volume":"5","author":"P. Boccasanta","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boccasanta P, Venturi M, Calabro G, et al.: Which surgical approach for rectocele? A multicentric report from Italian coloproctologists. Tech Coloproctol 2001, 5:147\u2013154.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"15_CR46","unstructured":"Longo A: Obstructed defecation because of rectal pathologies. Novel surgical treatment: stapled transanal resection (STARR). Paper presented at the Annual Cleveland Clinic Foundation Colorectal Disease Symposium 2004. Fort Lauderdale, FL; February 12\u201314, 2004."},{"key":"15_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0582-3","volume":"47","author":"P. Boccasanta","year":"2004","unstructured":"Boccasanta P, Venturi M, Stuto A, et al.: Stapled transanal rectal resection for outlet obstruction: a prospective, multicenter trial. Dis Colon Rectum 2004, 47:1285\u20131297.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"15_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-003-0572-2","volume":"19","author":"P. Boccasanta","year":"2004","unstructured":"Boccasanta P, Venturi M, Salamina G, et al.: New trends in the surgical treatment of outlet obstruction: clinical trial and functional results of two novel transanal stapled techniques from a randomized controlled trial. Int J Colorectal Dis 2004, 19:359\u2013369.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"15_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-003-0026-4","volume":"7","author":"G. Dodi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dodi G, Pietroletti R, Milito G, et al.: Bleeding, incontinence, pain, and constipation after STARR transanal double stapling rectotomy for obstructed defecation. Tech Coloproctol 2003, 7:148\u2013153.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"15_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-004-0658-5","volume":"20","author":"M. Pescatori","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pescatori M, Dodi G, Salafia C, et al.: Recto-vaginal fistulae after STARR procedure. Int J Colorectal Dis 2005, 20:83\u201385.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"}],"container-title":["Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11938-007-0015-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11938-007-0015-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11938-007-0015-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,22]],"date-time":"2020-04-22T07:49:53Z","timestamp":1587541793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11938-007-0015-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]}},"alternative-id":["15"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11938-007-0015-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-8472","1534-309X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-8472","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-309X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]]}}}