{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T18:50:08Z","timestamp":1772304608467,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]],"date-time":"2016-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Treat Options Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-016-0402-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]],"date-time":"2016-04-08T21:30:48Z","timestamp":1460151048000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Sleep-Related Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mar","family":"Carre\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"402_CR1","volume-title":"Epilepsy and other chronic convulsive disorders","author":"W Gowers","year":"1885","unstructured":"Gowers W. Epilepsy and other chronic convulsive disorders. London: William Wood; 1885."},{"key":"402_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/25.8.56","volume":"25","author":"D Minecan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Minecan D, Natarajan A, Marzec M, Malow B. Relationship of epileptic seizures to sleep stage and sleep depth. Sleep. 2002;25:899\u2013904.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"402_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.11.1453","volume":"56","author":"ST Herman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Herman ST, Walczak TS, Bazil CW. Distribution of partial seizures during the sleep\u2013wake cycle: differences by seizure onset site. Neurology. 2001;56:1453\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.2_Part_1.290","volume":"41","author":"M Sammaritano","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sammaritano M, Gigli GL, Gotman J. Interictal spiking during wakefulness and sleep and the localization of foci in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 1991;41:290\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01329.x","volume":"39","author":"BA Malow","year":"1998","unstructured":"Malow BA, Lin X, Kushwaha R, Aldrich MS. Interictal spiking increases with sleep depth in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1998;39:1309\u201316.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.12.1105","volume":"20","author":"BA Malow","year":"1997","unstructured":"Malow BA, Bowes RJ, Lin X. Predictors of sleepiness in epilepsy patients. Sleep. 1997;20:1105\u201310.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"402_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13081","volume":"56","author":"K Okanari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Okanari K, Baba S, Otsubo H, et al. Rapid eye movement sleep reveals epileptogenic spikes for resective surgery in children with generalized interictal discharges. Epilepsia. 2015;56:1445\u201353. This article highlights the importance of sleep recording to lateralize the irritative zone in patients with generalized discharges, who can then become surgical candidates.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000237392.64230.f7","volume":"67","author":"RA Badawy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Badawy RA, Curatolo JM, Newton M, Berkovic SF, Macdonell RA. Sleep deprivation increases cortical excitability in epilepsy: syndrome-specific effects. Neurology. 2006;67:1018\u201322.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.02.019","volume":"33","author":"M Ferlisi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ferlisi M, Shorvon S. Seizure precipitants (triggering factors) in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2014;33:101\u20135.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"402_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02598.x","volume":"34","author":"P Rajna","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rajna P, Veres J. Correlations between night sleep duration and seizure frequency in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1993;34:574\u20139.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-199801000-00009","volume":"15","author":"NB Fountain","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fountain NB, Kim JS, Lee SI. Sleep deprivation activates epileptiform discharges independent of the activating effects of sleep. J Clin Neurophysiol. 1998;15:69\u201375.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"402_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-198401000-00005","volume":"1","author":"RJ Ellingson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ellingson RJ, Wilken K, Bennett DR. Efficacy of sleep deprivation as an activation procedure in epilepsy patients. J Clin Neurophysiol. 1984;1:83\u2013101.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"402_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnp.0000206877.90232.cb","volume":"23","author":"N Foldvary-Schaefer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Foldvary-Schaefer N, Grigg-Damberger M. Sleep and epilepsy: what we know, don\u2019t know, and need to know. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2006;23:4\u201320.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"402_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.084871","volume":"77","author":"JP Leach","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leach JP, Stephen LJ, Salveta C, Brodie MJ. Which electroencephalography (EEG) for epilepsy? The relative usefulness of different EEG protocols in patients with possible epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006;77:1040\u20132.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"402_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.04.342","volume":"124","author":"FS Giorgi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Giorgi FS, Perini D, Maestri M, et al. Usefulness of a simple sleep-deprived EEG protocol for epilepsy diagnosis in de novo subjects. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013;124:2101\u20137. This study analyzes the yield of sleep deprived EEG in patients with suspected seizures (focal or generalized) and normal baseline EEG.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"402_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.10.005","volume":"47","author":"FS Giorgi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Giorgi FS, Guida M, Caciagli L, et al. What is the role for EEG after sleep deprivation in the diagnosis of epilepsy? Issues, controversies, and future directions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;47:533\u201348. This article review the usefulness of sleep-deprived EEG in the diagnosis of epilepsy, discussing critically the availabe literature on the subject.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"402_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1551574","volume":"46","author":"B Schmitt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schmitt B. Sleep and epilepsy syndromes. Neuropediatrics. 2015;46:171\u201380. This is a well structured and complete review on the influence of sleep on epilepsy syndromes.","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"402_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52898-8.00011-2","volume":"107","author":"R Guerrini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guerrini R, Pellock JM. Age-related epileptic encephalopathies. Handb Clin Neurol. 2012;107:179\u201393.","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00446.x","volume":"34","author":"K Watanabe","year":"1993","unstructured":"Watanabe K, Negoro T, Aso K, Matsumoto A. Reappraisal of interictal electroencephalograms in infantile spasms. Epilepsia. 1993;34:679\u201385.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2014.11.002","volume":"19","author":"S Fattinger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fattinger S, Schmitt B, Bolsterli Heinzle BK, Critelli H, Jenni OG, Huber R. Impaired slow wave sleep downscaling in patients with infantile spasms. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2015;19:134\u201342.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR21","first-page":"150","volume-title":"Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence","author":"P Lerman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lerman P. Benign partial epilepsies with centro-temporal spikes. In: Roger J, Dravet C, Bureau M, Dreifuss F, Wolf P, editors. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence. London: John Libbey Eurotext; 1985. p. 150\u20138."},{"key":"402_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1985.tb05417.x","volume":"26","author":"Proposal for classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes","year":"1985","unstructured":"Proposal for classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes. Commission on classification and terminology of the international league against epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1985;26:268\u201378.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01096.x","volume":"48","author":"M Koutroumanidis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koutroumanidis M. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: an important electroclinical example of benign childhood system epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2007;48:1044\u201353.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn162","volume":"131","author":"CP Panayiotopoulos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Panayiotopoulos CP, Michael M, Sanders S, Valeta T, Koutroumanidis M. Benign childhood focal epilepsies: assessment of established and newly recognized syndromes. Brain. 2008;131:2264\u201386.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"402_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12678","volume":"55","author":"FI Sanchez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sanchez FI, Chapman K, Peters JM, et al. Treatment for continuous spikes and waves during sleep (CSWS): survey on treatment choices in North America. Epilepsia. 2014;55:1099\u2013108. This study reports the results of a survey about the different drugs and doses used to treat CSWS (valproate, corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, etc) and the goals of the treatment in North America.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1971.00480330070006","volume":"24","author":"G Patry","year":"1971","unstructured":"Patry G, Lyagoubi S, Tassinari CA. Subclinical \u201celectrical status epilepticus\u201d induced by sleep in children. A clinical and electroencephalographic study of six cases. Arch Neurol. 1971;24:242\u201352.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR27","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence","author":"C Tassinari","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tassinari C. Electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESE or CSWS) including acquired epileptic aphasia (Landau-Kleffner syndrome). In: Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Genton P, Tassinari C, Wolf P, editors. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence. London: John Libbey Eurotext LTd; 2005. p. 295\u2013314."},{"key":"402_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.4.475","volume":"33","author":"S Kurth","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kurth S, Jenni OG, Riedner BA, Tononi G, Carskadon MA, Huber R. Characteristics of sleep slow waves in children and adolescents. Sleep. 2010;33:475\u201380.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"402_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19971020)387:2<167::AID-CNE1>3.0.CO;2-Z","volume":"387","author":"PR Huttenlocher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Huttenlocher PR, Dabholkar AS. Regional differences in synaptogenesis in human cerebral cortex. J Comp Neurol. 1997;387:167\u201378.","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1993.tb11711.x","volume":"35","author":"PE Roulet","year":"1993","unstructured":"Roulet PE, Davidoff V, Despland PA, Deonna T. Mental and behavioural deterioration of children with epilepsy and CSWS: acquired epileptic frontal syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1993;35:661\u201374.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(00)00127-3","volume":"22","author":"AS Galanopoulou","year":"2000","unstructured":"Galanopoulou AS, Bojko A, Lado F, Moshe SL. The spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities associated with electrical status epilepticus in sleep. Brain Dev. 2000;22:279\u201395.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"402_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2728","volume":"45","author":"JR Lemke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lemke JR, Lal D, Reinthaler EM, et al. Mutations in GRIN2A cause idiopathic focal epilepsy with rolandic spikes. Nat Genet. 2013;45:1067\u201372. This study reports the finding of alterations of the gene encoding the NMDA receptor subunit NR2A as an important risk factor for idopathic focal epilepsies, especially in patients with more severe phenotypes.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"402_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2727","volume":"45","author":"GL Carvill","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carvill GL, Regan BM, Yendle SC, et al. GRIN2A mutations cause epilepsy-aphasia spectrum disorders. Nat Genet. 2013;45:1073\u20136. This study reports the finding of GRIN2A mutations in families with aphasia epilepsy syndromes, establishing the genetic basis for some of these patients.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"402_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2762-c2","volume":"11","author":"S Diekelmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Diekelmann S, Born J. The memory function of sleep. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010;11:114\u201326.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"402_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318297ee50","volume":"81","author":"JK Kleen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kleen JK, Scott RC, Holmes GL, et al. Hippocampal interictal epileptiform activity disrupts cognition in humans. Neurology. 2013;81:18\u201324.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.7.8.523","volume":"7","author":"WM LANDAU","year":"1957","unstructured":"LANDAU WM, KLEFFNER FR. Syndrome of acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder in children. Neurology. 1957;7:523\u201330.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02045.x","volume":"40","author":"P Veggiotti","year":"1999","unstructured":"Veggiotti P, Beccaria F, Guerrini R, Capovilla G, Lanzi G. Continuous spike-and-wave activity during slow-wave sleep: syndrome or EEG pattern? Epilepsia. 1999;40:1593\u2013601.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12025","volume":"55","author":"BP Van","year":"2013","unstructured":"Van BP, King MD, Paquier P, et al. Acquired auditory agnosia in childhood and normal sleep electroencephalography subsequently diagnosed as Landau-Kleffner syndrome: a report of three cases. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2013;55:575\u20139.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2013.09.016","volume":"23","author":"RH Caraballo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caraballo RH, Cejas N, Chamorro N, Kaltenmeier MC, Fortini S, Soprano AM. Landau-Kleffner syndrome: a study of 29 patients. Seizure. 2014;23:98\u2013104.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-199107010-00005","volume":"8","author":"TW Deonna","year":"1991","unstructured":"Deonna TW. Acquired epileptiform aphasia in children (Landau-Kleffner syndrome). J Clin Neurophysiol. 1991;8:288\u201398.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"402_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1982.tb13620.x","volume":"24","author":"J Aicardi","year":"1982","unstructured":"Aicardi J, Chevrie JJ. Atypical benign partial epilepsy of childhood. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1982;24:281\u201392.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12645","volume":"55","author":"J Conroy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Conroy J, McGettigan PA, McCreary D, et al. Towards the identification of a genetic basis for Landau-Kleffner syndrome. Epilepsia. 2014;55:858\u201365.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"402_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60380-4","volume":"385","author":"K Marwick","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marwick K, Skehel P, Hardingham G, Wyllie D. Effect of a GRIN2A de novo mutation associated with epilepsy and intellectual disability on NMDA receptor currents and Mg(2+) block in cultured primary cortical neurons. Lancet. 2015;385 Suppl 1:S65. This study reports the effects of the disease associated mutation GluN2A(N615K) on the function of the NMDA receptor and NMDA current density, with possible pathogenic effect.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"402_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2726","volume":"45","author":"G Lesca","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lesca G, Rudolf G, Bruneau N, et al. GRIN2A mutations in acquired epileptic aphasia and related childhood focal epilepsies and encephalopathies with speech and language dysfunction. Nat Genet. 2013;45:1061\u20136.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"402_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2015.05.010","volume":"115","author":"D Lal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lal D, Steinbrucker S, Schubert J, et al. Investigation of GRIN2A in common epilepsy phenotypes. Epilepsy Res. 2015;115:95\u20139.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"402_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite DG, Schmitz B, Janz D, et al. Consensus on diagnosis and management of JME: from founder\u2019s observations to current trends. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;28 Suppl 1:S87\u201390. This is an interesting expert consensus on diagnostic criteria for JME and updated guidelines on treatment, published after an international workshop.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.11.051"},{"key":"402_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00575.x","volume":"47","author":"TA Mayer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mayer TA, Schroeder F, May TW, Wolf PT. Perioral reflex myoclonias: a controlled study in patients with JME and focal epilepsies. Epilepsia. 2006;47:1059\u201367.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"402_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.10.006","volume":"12","author":"E Zambrelli","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zambrelli E, Canevini MP. Pre- and post-dormitum epilepsies: idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Sleep Med. 2011;12 Suppl 2:S17\u201321.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"402_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.1.123","volume":"56","author":"F Fittipaldi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fittipaldi F, Curra A, Fusco L, Ruggieri S, Manfredi M. EEG discharges on awakening: a marker of idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Neurology. 2001;56:123\u20136.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"402_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S103","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(00)00409-0","volume":"111","author":"D Janz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Janz D. Epilepsy with grand mal on awakening and sleep-waking cycle. Clin Neurophysiol. 2000;111 Suppl 2:S103\u201310.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"402_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.6.1017","volume":"122","author":"F Provini","year":"1999","unstructured":"Provini F, Plazzi G, Tinuper P, Vandi S, Lugaresi E, Montagna P. Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. A clinical and polygraphic overview of 100 consecutive cases. Brain. 1999;122(Pt 6):1017\u201331.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"402_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Combi R, Dalpra L, Tenchini ML, Ferini-Strambi L. Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy\u2014a critical overview. J Neurol. 2004;251:923\u201334.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-0541-x"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"402_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.1.61","volume":"118","author":"IE Scheffer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Scheffer IE, Bhatia KP, Lopes-Cendes I, et al. Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. A distinctive clinical disorder. Brain. 1995;118(Pt 1):61\u201373.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"402_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00022","volume":"6","author":"A Becchetti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Becchetti A, Aracri P, Meneghini S, Brusco S, Amadeo A. The role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. Front Physiol. 2015;6:22. The article discusses some possible pathogenetic mechanisms of ADFLE in the light of recent advances about the nAChR role in different cerebral regions.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"402_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.224","volume":"2","author":"MS Hildebrand","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hildebrand MS, Tankard R, Gazina EV, et al. PRIMA1 mutation: a new cause of nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2015;2:821\u201330. The article reports a newly discovered mutation in a family with nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy and recessive inheritance.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02777.x","volume":"52","author":"I Blumcke","year":"2011","unstructured":"Blumcke I, Thom M, Aronica E, et al. The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasias: a consensus classification proposed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission. Epilepsia. 2011;52:158\u201374.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"402_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.2.205","volume":"121","author":"A Oldani","year":"1998","unstructured":"Oldani A, Zucconi M, Asselta R, et al. Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. A video-polysomnographic and genetic appraisal of 40 patients and delineation of the epileptic syndrome. Brain. 1998;121(Pt 2):205\u201323.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"402_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2013.06.021","volume":"107","author":"P Halasz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Halasz P, Kelemen A, Szucs A. The role of NREM sleep micro-arousals in absence epilepsy and in nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2013;107:9\u201319.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"402_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1990.tb06105.x","volume":"31","author":"P Tinuper","year":"1990","unstructured":"Tinuper P, Cerullo A, Cirignotta F, Cortelli P, Lugaresi E, Montagna P. Nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia with short-lasting attacks: three cases with evidence for an epileptic frontal lobe origin of seizures. Epilepsia. 1990;31:549\u201356.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"402_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s220","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-005-0491-9","volume":"26","author":"R Mai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mai R, Sartori I, Francione S, et al. Sleep-related hyperkinetic seizures: always a frontal onset? Neurol Sci. 2005;26 Suppl 3:s220\u20134.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"402_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000106945.68292.DC","volume":"62","author":"L Nobili","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nobili L, Cossu M, Mai R, et al. Sleep-related hyperkinetic seizures of temporal lobe origin. Neurology. 2004;62:482\u20135.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03254.x","volume":"52","author":"P Proserpio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Proserpio P, Cossu M, Francione S, et al. Insular-opercular seizures manifesting with sleep-related paroxysmal motor behaviors: a stereo-EEG study. Epilepsia. 2011;52:1781\u201391.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"402_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.10.018","volume":"12","author":"P Proserpio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Proserpio P, Cossu M, Francione S, et al. Epileptic motor behaviors during sleep: anatomo-electro-clinical features. Sleep Med. 2011;12 Suppl 2:S33\u20138.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"402_CR64","unstructured":"Nobili L, Francione S, Cardinale F, Lo RG. Epileptic nocturnal wanderings with a temporal lobe origin: a stereo-electroencephalographic study. Sleep. 2002;25:669\u201371."},{"key":"402_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.6.1772","volume":"50","author":"A Bernasconi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bernasconi A, Andermann F, Cendes F, Dubeau F, Andermann E, Olivier A. Nocturnal temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 1998;50:1772\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.08.032","volume":"25","author":"N Foldvary-Schaefer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Foldvary-Schaefer N, Andrews ND, Pornsriniyom D, Moul DE, Sun Z, Bena J. Sleep apnea and epilepsy: who\u2019s at risk? Epilepsy Behav. 2012;25:363\u20137. This study reports the OSA predictors in patients unselected for epilepsy severity and sleep disorder symptoms. Its results support the routine OSA screening in adult epilepsy clinics.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"Suppl 9","key":"402_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01400.x","volume":"48","author":"BA Malow","year":"2007","unstructured":"Malow BA. The interaction between sleep and epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2007;48 Suppl 9:36\u20138.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.7.1002","volume":"55","author":"BA Malow","year":"2000","unstructured":"Malow BA, Levy K, Maturen K, Bowes R. Obstructive sleep apnea is common in medically refractory epilepsy patients. Neurology. 2000;55:1002\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2003.55702.x","volume":"44","author":"R Manni","year":"2003","unstructured":"Manni R, Terzaghi M, Arbasino C, Sartori I, Galimberti CA, Tartara A. Obstructive sleep apnea in a clinical series of adult epilepsy patients: frequency and features of the comorbidity. Epilepsia. 2003;44:836\u201340.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.12.006","volume":"31","author":"NT Economou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Economou NT, Dikeos D, Andrews N, Foldvary-Schaefer N. Use of the sleep apnea scale of the sleep disorders questionnaire (SA-SDQ) in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2014;31:123\u20136.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"402_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000279334.78298.d5","volume":"69","author":"AM Chihorek","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chihorek AM, Bou-Khalil B, Malow BA. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with seizure occurrence in older adults with epilepsy. Neurology. 2007;69:1823\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR72","unstructured":"Iranzo A, Santamaria J, Tolosa E. Idiopathic rem sleep behaviour disorder: diagnosis, management and research implications. Lancet Neurol. 2016. A very recent and thorough review of RBD by well known experts in the field."},{"key":"402_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2007.09.007","volume":"77","author":"R Manni","year":"2007","unstructured":"Manni R, Terzaghi M, Zambrelli E. REM sleep behaviour disorder in elderly subjects with epilepsy: frequency and clinical aspects of the comorbidity. Epilepsy Res. 2007;77:128\u201333.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"402_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.04.027","volume":"23","author":"D Clark","year":"2016","unstructured":"Clark D, Riney K. A population-based post mortem study of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. J Clin Neurosci. 2016;23:58\u201362.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"402_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13134","volume":"56","author":"S Lhatoo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lhatoo S, Noebels J, Whittemore V. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: identifying risk and preventing mortality. Epilepsia. 2015;56:1700\u20136.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"402_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb01519.x","volume":"41","author":"DM Ficker","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ficker DM. Sudden unexplained death and injury in epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2000;41 Suppl 2:S7\u201312.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.5.1270","volume":"51","author":"DM Ficker","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ficker DM, So EL, Shen WK, et al. Population-based study of the incidence of sudden unexplained death in epilepsy. Neurology. 1998;51:1270\u20134.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.04.008","volume":"28","author":"CA Scorza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scorza CA, Cavalheiro EA, Scorza FA. SUDEP research: challenges for the future. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;28:134\u20135.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"402_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2009.118","volume":"5","author":"R Surges","year":"2009","unstructured":"Surges R, Thijs RD, Tan HL, Sander JW. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: risk factors and potential pathomechanisms. Nat Rev Neurol. 2009;5:492\u2013504.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02952.x","volume":"52","author":"DC Hesdorffer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hesdorffer DC, Tomson T, Benn E, et al. Combined analysis of risk factors for SUDEP. Epilepsia. 2011;52:1150\u20139.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.5698\/1535-7511-15.6.321","volume":"15","author":"CL Harden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harden CL. SUDEP prevention \u201cposition statement\u201d. Epilepsy Curr. 2015;15:321\u20132.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr"},{"key":"402_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03360.x","volume":"53","author":"RJ Lamberts","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lamberts RJ, Thijs RD, Laffan A, Langan Y, Sander JW. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: people with nocturnal seizures may be at highest risk. Epilepsia. 2012;53:253\u20137. This study compares living controls with patients who died of SUDEP (confirmed autopsy) to find out predictive factors regarding seizure frequency and presentation. Nocturnal seizures were an indepenent predictor for SUDEP.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-009-0102-2","volume":"30","author":"HM Khiari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Khiari HM, Franceschetti S, Jovic N, Mrabet A, Genton P. Death in Unverricht-Lundborg disease. Neurol Sci. 2009;30:315\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"402_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1080\/08035250410023872","volume":"94","author":"P Weber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weber P, Bubl R, Blauenstein U, Tillmann BU, Lutschg J. Sudden unexplained death in children with epilepsy: a cohort study with an eighteen-year follow-up. Acta Paediatr. 2005;94:564\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"402_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2008.07.008","volume":"18","author":"D Aurlien","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aurlien D, Leren TP, Tauboll E, Gjerstad L. New SCN5A mutation in a SUDEP victim with idiopathic epilepsy. Seizure. 2009;18:158\u201360.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(05)80015-9","volume":"7","author":"R Kloster","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kloster R, Borresen HC, Hoff-Olsen P. Sudden death in two patients with epilepsy and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Seizure. 1998;7:419\u201320.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.088492","volume":"78","author":"BN McLean","year":"2007","unstructured":"McLean BN, Wimalaratna S. Sudden death in epilepsy recorded in ambulatory EEG. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78:1395\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"402_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.09.019","volume":"16","author":"B Mostacci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mostacci B, Bisulli F, Vignatelli L, et al. Incidence of sudden unexpected death in nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy: a cohort study. Sleep Med. 2015;16:232\u20136. This study analyzes the incidence of SUDEP in a cohort of patients with frontal lobe epilepsy and almost exclusively nocturnal seizures. The incidence was not different from the rates reported for prevalent epilepsy populations.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"402_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2010.07.006","volume":"15","author":"L Nobili","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nobili L, Proserpio P, Rubboli G, Montano N, Didato G, Tassinari CA. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and sleep. Sleep Med Rev. 2011;15:237\u201346.","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"402_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70214-X","volume":"12","author":"P Ryvlin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ryvlin P, Nashef L, Lhatoo SD, et al. Incidence and mechanisms of cardiorespiratory arrests in epilepsy monitoring units (MORTEMUS): a retrospective study. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:966\u201377. This study reports the results of a worldwide survey to describe the features of cardiorespiratory arrests occurring during video EEG monitoring. The authors recommend improve supervision in the monitoring units to avoid the cardiorespiratory depression after generalized tonic clonic seizures, especially during sleep.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70194-6","volume":"10","author":"DC Hesdorffer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hesdorffer DC, Tomson T. Adjunctive antiepileptic drug therapy and prevention of SUDEP. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10:948\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318258f7f1","volume":"78","author":"MZ Poh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poh MZ, Loddenkemper T, Reinsberger C, et al. Autonomic changes with seizures correlate with postictal EEG suppression. Neurology. 2012;78:1868\u201376.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2006.09.008","volume":"29","author":"G Coppola","year":"2007","unstructured":"Coppola G, Franzoni E, Verrotti A, et al. Levetiracetam or oxcarbazepine as monotherapy in newly diagnosed benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS): an open-label, parallel group trial. Brain Dev. 2007;29:281\u20134.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"402_CR94","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Sleep and epilepsy: the clinical sprectrum","author":"O Eeg-Olofsson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eeg-Olofsson O. Rolandic epilepsy. In: Bazil CW, Malow B, Sammaritano M, editors. Sleep and epilepsy: the clinical sprectrum. 1st ed. Amsterdam: Elservier Science B.V.; 2002. p. 257\u201363.","edition":"1"},{"key":"402_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(99)00113-8","volume":"22","author":"P Genton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Genton P. When antiepileptic drugs aggravate epilepsy. Brain Dev. 2000;22:75\u201380.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"402_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2010.10.024","volume":"33","author":"H Oguni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oguni H. Treatment of benign focal epilepsies in children: when and how should be treated? Brain Dev. 2011;33:207\u201312.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"402_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(97)00223-3","volume":"18","author":"JM Prats","year":"1998","unstructured":"Prats JM, Garaizar C, Garcia-Nieto ML, Madoz P. Antiepileptic drugs and atypical evolution of idiopathic partial epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 1998;18:402\u20136.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb04606.x","volume":"41","author":"D Rating","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rating D, Wolf C, Bast T. Sulthiame as monotherapy in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Sulthiame Study Group. Epilepsia. 2000;41:1284\u20138.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979719","volume":"26","author":"G Gross-Selbeck","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gross-Selbeck G. Treatment of \u201cbenign\u201d partial epilepsies of childhood, including atypical forms. Neuropediatrics. 1995;26:45\u201350.","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"402_CR100","first-page":"S59","volume":"2","author":"T Deonna","year":"2000","unstructured":"Deonna T. Rolandic epilepsy: neuropsychology of the active epilepsy phase. Epileptic Disord. 2000;2 Suppl 1:S59\u201361.","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"402_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.12.006","volume":"16","author":"A Verrotti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Verrotti A, Coppola G, Manco R, et al. Levetiracetam monotherapy for children and adolescents with benign rolandic seizures. Seizure. 2007;16:271\u20135.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2014.06.006","volume":"23","author":"F Xiao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xiao F, An D, Deng H, Chen S, Ren J, Zhou D. Evaluation of levetiracetam and valproic acid as low-dose monotherapies for children with typical benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS). Seizure. 2014;23:756\u201361. This study compares the efficacy of low doses of valproic acid and levetiracetam in children with newly diagnosed BECTS. Both drugs were equally effective to control seizures although valproic acid in this study improved EEG abnormalities to a greater extent.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03465.x","volume":"53","author":"C Seegmuller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Seegmuller C, Deonna T, Dubois CM, et al. Long-term outcome after cognitive and behavioral regression in nonlesional epilepsy with continuous spike-waves during slow-wave sleep. Epilepsia. 2012;53:1067\u201376.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"402_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02224.x","volume":"50","author":"M Buzatu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Buzatu M, Bulteau C, Altuzarra C, Dulac O, Van BP. Corticosteroids as treatment of epileptic syndromes with continuous spike-waves during slow-wave sleep. Epilepsia. 2009;50 Suppl 7:68\u201372.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2005.09.004","volume":"28","author":"M Inutsuka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Inutsuka M, Kobayashi K, Oka M, Hattori J, Ohtsuka Y. Treatment of epilepsy with electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep and its related disorders. Brain Dev. 2006;28:281\u20136.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"402_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2011.06.007","volume":"20","author":"M Atkins","year":"2011","unstructured":"Atkins M, Nikanorova M. A prospective study of levetiracetam efficacy in epileptic syndromes with continuous spikes-waves during slow sleep. Seizure. 2011;20:635\u20139.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2010.12.017","volume":"20","author":"S Chhun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chhun S, Troude P, Villeneuve N, et al. A prospective open-labeled trial with levetiracetam in pediatric epilepsy syndromes: continuous spikes and waves during sleep is definitely a target. Seizure. 2011;20:320\u20135.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01958.x","volume":"50","author":"M Nikanorova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nikanorova M, Miranda MJ, Atkins M, Sahlholdt L. Ketogenic diet in the treatment of refractory continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep. Epilepsia. 2009;50:1127\u201331.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2012.0482","volume":"14","author":"P Veggiotti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Veggiotti P, Pera MC, Teutonico F, Brazzo D, Balottin U, Tassinari CA. Therapy of encephalopathy with status epilepticus during sleep (ESES\/CSWS syndrome): an update. Epileptic Disord. 2012;14:1\u201311. This is an updated review about therapeutic options for ESES, including a personal approach by the authors who are experts in the field.","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"402_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13128","volume":"56","author":"B Munckhof van den","year":"2015","unstructured":"van den Munckhof B, van Dee V, Sagi L, et al. Treatment of electrical status epilepticus in sleep: a pooled analysis of 575 cases. Epilepsia. 2015;56:1738\u201346.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70292-8","volume":"8","author":"A Arzimanoglou","year":"2009","unstructured":"Arzimanoglou A, French J, Blume WT, et al. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a consensus approach on diagnosis, assessment, management, and trial methodology. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:82\u201393.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01268.x","volume":"39","author":"E Perucca","year":"1998","unstructured":"Perucca E, Gram L, Avanzini G, Dulac O. Antiepileptic drugs as a cause of worsening seizures. Epilepsia. 1998;39:5\u201317.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomson T, Battino D, Perucca E. Valproic acid after five decades of use in epilepsy: time to reconsider the indications of a time-honoured drug. Lancet Neurol. 2015. This is a position statement about indications of valproic acid in view of its risks when taken during pregnancy. It should not be prescribed to women of childbearing age when equally effective treatments are available.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00314-2"},{"key":"402_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000174517.21383.36","volume":"65","author":"A Crespel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Crespel A, Genton P, Berramdane M, et al. Lamotrigine associated with exacerbation or de novo myoclonus in idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Neurology. 2005;65:762\u20134.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.7.1330","volume":"52","author":"V Biton","year":"1999","unstructured":"Biton V, Montouris GD, Ritter F, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled study of topiramate in primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Topiramate YTC study group. Neurology. 1999;52:1330\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000297512.18364.40","volume":"70","author":"S Noachtar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Noachtar S, Andermann E, Meyvisch P, Andermann F, Gough WB, Schiemann-Delgado J. Levetiracetam for the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsy with myoclonic seizures. Neurology. 2008;70:607\u201316.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000268699.34614.d3","volume":"69","author":"SF Berkovic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Berkovic SF, Knowlton RC, Leroy RF, Schiemann J, Falter U. Placebo-controlled study of levetiracetam in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Neurology. 2007;69:1751\u201360.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"402_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2014.04.010","volume":"108","author":"R Velizarova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Velizarova R, Crespel A, Genton P, Serafini A, Gelisse P. Zonisamide for refractory juvenile absence epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2014;108:1263\u20136.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 9","key":"402_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.00324.x","volume":"46","author":"SR Benbadis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Benbadis SR. Practical management issues for idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Epilepsia. 2005;46 Suppl 9:125\u201332.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"French JA, Krauss GL, Wechsler RT, et al. Perampanel for tonic-clonic seizures in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: A randomized trial. Neurology. 2015. This is the pivotal study which showed that perampanel is more efficacious than placebo as add on treatment to reduce frequency of generalized tonic clonic seizures in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001930"},{"key":"402_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(97)80069-6","volume":"6","author":"BA Yaqub","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yaqub BA, Waheed G, Kabiraj MM. Nocturnal epilepsies in adults. Seizure. 1997;6:145\u20139.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.07.015","volume":"39","author":"A Romigi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Romigi A, Marciani MG, Placidi F, et al. Oxcarbazepine in nocturnal frontal-lobe epilepsy: a further interesting report. Pediatr Neurol. 2008;39:298.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2007.06.013","volume":"37","author":"GP Raju","year":"2007","unstructured":"Raju GP, Sarco DP, Poduri A, Riviello JJ, Bergin AM, Takeoka M. Oxcarbazepine in children with nocturnal frontal-lobe epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 2007;37:345\u20139.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00848.x","volume":"40","author":"F Picard","year":"1999","unstructured":"Picard F, Bertrand S, Steinlein OK, Bertrand D. Mutated nicotinic receptors responsible for autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy are more sensitive to carbamazepine. Epilepsia. 1999;40:1198\u2013209.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.07.002","volume":"15","author":"A Oldani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oldani A, Manconi M, Zucconi M, Martinelli C, Ferini-Strambi L. Topiramate treatment for nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. Seizure. 2006;15:649\u201352.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2003.58102.x-i1","volume":"44","author":"JO Willoughby","year":"2003","unstructured":"Willoughby JO, Pope KJ, Eaton V. Nicotine as an antiepileptic agent in ADNFLE: an N-of-one study. Epilepsia. 2003;44:1238\u201340.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2011.08.005","volume":"20","author":"I Garcia-Morales","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garcia-Morales I, Delgado RT, Falip M, Campos D, Garcia ME, Gil-Nagel A. Early clinical experience with lacosamide as adjunctive therapy in patients with refractory focal epilepsy and nocturnal seizures. Seizure. 2011;20:801\u20134.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"402_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2014.02.016","volume":"108","author":"A Losurdo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Losurdo A, Proserpio P, Cardinale F, et al. Drug-resistant focal sleep related epilepsy: results and predictors of surgical outcome. Epilepsy Res. 2014;108:953\u201362. This is a retrospective study about outome of drug resistant focal sleep related epilepsy in 95 patients treated with surgery. At the end of the follow up almost 70% of the patients were free of seizures.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"402_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.11.017","volume":"20","author":"LM Guilhoto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guilhoto LM, Loddenkemper T, Vendrame M, Bergin A, Bourgeois BF, Kothare SV. Higher evening antiepileptic drug dose for nocturnal and early-morning seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2011;20:334\u20137.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"402_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e3283445355","volume":"24","author":"SH Eriksson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eriksson SH. Epilepsy and sleep. Curr Opin Neurol. 2011;24:171\u20136.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.06.025","volume":"37","author":"D Pornsriniyom","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pornsriniyom D, Shinlapawittayatorn K, Fong J, Andrews ND, Foldvary-Schaefer N. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy for obstructive sleep apnea reduces interictal epileptiform discharges in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2014;37:171\u20134.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"402_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03214.x","volume":"52","author":"M Vendrame","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vendrame M, Auerbach S, Loddenkemper T, Kothare S, Montouris G. Effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on seizure control in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2011;52:e168\u201371.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.03.005","volume":"46","author":"E Segal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Segal E, Vendrame M, Gregas M, Loddenkemper T, Kothare SV. Effect of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea on seizure outcomes in children with epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 2012;46:359\u201362. This study reports the positive effect of surgical treatment of OSA on seizure frequency in children with epilepsy, especially in those with younger age and higher body mass index.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1159\/000092306","volume":"55","author":"P Hollinger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hollinger P, Khatami R, Gugger M, Hess CW, Bassetti CL. Epilepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. Eur Neurol. 2006;55:74\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2008.07.009","volume":"13","author":"AW Byars","year":"2008","unstructured":"Byars AW, Byars KC, Johnson CS, et al. The relationship between sleep problems and neuropsychological functioning in children with first recognized seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;13:607\u201313.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"402_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.01.008","volume":"27","author":"MR Lopez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lopez MR, Cheng JY, Kanner AM, Carvalho DZ, Diamond JA, Wallace DM. Insomnia symptoms in South Florida military veterans with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;27:159\u201364.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"402_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811435916","volume":"27","author":"H Goldberg-Stern","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goldberg-Stern H, Oren H, Peled N, Garty BZ. Effect of melatonin on seizure frequency in intractable epilepsy: a pilot study. J Child Neurol. 2012;27:1524\u20138. In this study, treatment with melatonin decreased frequency of diurnal seizures in children with drug resistant epilepsy. However, maximal number of seizures, sleep parameters and behavior remained unchanged.","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.01.005","volume":"16","author":"SV Jain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jain SV, Horn PS, Simakajornboon N, et al. Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Sleep Med. 2015;16:637\u201344. In this study, melatonin showed efficacy to decrease sleep latency in 9 children with epilepsy. No significant effects on seizure frequency were seen.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"402_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12478","volume":"55","author":"SV Jain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jain SV, Glauser TA. Effects of epilepsy treatments on sleep architecture and daytime sleepiness: an evidence-based review of objective sleep metrics. Epilepsia. 2014;55:26\u201337.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"402_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2015.03.005","volume":"22","author":"SV Jain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jain SV, Kothare SV. Sleep and epilepsy. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2015;22:86\u201392.","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"402_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.5664\/JCSM.1204","volume":"7","author":"F Parhizgar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Parhizgar F, Nugent K, Raj R. Obstructive sleep apnea and respiratory complications associated with vagus nerve stimulators. J Clin Sleep Med. 2011;7:401\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"}],"container-title":["Current Treatment Options in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11940-016-0402-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11940-016-0402-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11940-016-0402-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T15:49:00Z","timestamp":1718466540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11940-016-0402-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]]},"references-count":141,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11940-016-0402-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-8480","1534-3138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-8480","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3138","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]]},"article-number":"23"}}