{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T06:58:35Z","timestamp":1773385115362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]],"date-time":"2017-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510617600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Treat Options Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-017-0484-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,13]],"date-time":"2017-11-13T23:38:40Z","timestamp":1510616320000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Current Role for Biomarkers in Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Nasim","family":"Sheikh-Bahaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ahmad","family":"Sajjadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aimee L.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31824b211b","volume":"71","author":"TG Beach","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beach TG, Monsell SE, Phillips LE, Kukull W. Accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease at National Institute on Aging Alzheimer disease centers, 2005\u20132010. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2012;71(4):266\u201373.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"484_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12194","volume":"41","author":"M Balasa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Balasa M, Gelpi E, Martin I, Antonell A, Rey MJ, Grau-Rivera O, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia consortium criteria (FTDC) in a clinicopathological cohort. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2015;41(7):882\u201392.","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.11.001","volume":"11","author":"MW Weiner","year":"2015","unstructured":"\u2022 Weiner MW, Veitch DP, Aisen PS, Beckett LA, Cairns NJ, Cedarbaum J, et al. 2014 update of the Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative: a review of papers published since its inception. Alzheimers Dement. 2015;11(6):e1\u2013120. The Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is one of the most important studies of longitudinal changes in cognition and biomarkers in healthy elderly, MCI, and AD patients in the USA, and has developed numerous standard imaging protocols and analytics for the field. Several studies worldwide have been partially modeled on ADNI, in Europe, Japan, and Australia","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"9","key":"484_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202753","volume":"367","author":"RJ Bateman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bateman RJ, Xiong C, Benzinger TL, Fagan AM, Goate A, Fox NC, et al. Clinical and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(9):795\u2013804.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"484_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005","volume":"7","author":"GM McKhann","year":"2011","unstructured":"McKhann GM, Knopman DS. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging\u2013Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. 2011;7(3):263\u20139.","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.6.1546","volume":"51","author":"D Neary","year":"1998","unstructured":"Neary D, Snowden JS, Gustafson L, Passant U, Stuss D, Black S, et al. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology. 1998;51(6):1546\u201354.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1159\/000095624","volume":"22","author":"J Diehl-Schmid","year":"2006","unstructured":"Diehl-Schmid J, Grimmer T, Drzezga A, Bornschein S, Perneczky R, Forstl H, et al. Longitudinal changes of cerebral glucose metabolism in semantic dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2006;22(4):346\u201351.","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"10004","key":"484_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00461-4","volume":"386","author":"J Bang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bang J, Spina S, Miller BL. Frontotemporal dementia. Lancet. 2015;386(10004):1672\u201382.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"484_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr179","volume":"134","author":"K Rascovsky","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rascovsky K, Hodges JR, Knopman D, Mendez MF, Kramer JH, Neuhaus J, et al. Sensitivity of revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia. Brain. 2011;134(Pt 9):2456\u201377.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"16","key":"484_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra022435","volume":"349","author":"M Mesulam","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mesulam M. Primary progressive aphasia\u2014a language-based dementia. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(16):1535\u201342.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"484_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh598","volume":"128","author":"A Kertesz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kertesz A, McMonagle P, Blair M, Davidson W, Munoz DG. The evolution and pathology of frontotemporal dementia. Brain. 2005;128(Pt 9):1996\u20132005.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"11","key":"484_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821103e6","volume":"76","author":"ML Gorno-Tempini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gorno-Tempini ML, Hillis AE, Weintraub S, Kertesz A, Mendez M, Cappa SF, et al. Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants. Neurology. 2011;76(11):1006\u201314.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"484_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5126","volume":"38","author":"SA Sajjadi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sajjadi SA, Sheikh-Bahaei N, Cross J, Gillard JH, Scoffings D, Nestor PJ. Can MRI visual assessment differentiate the variants of primary-progressive aphasia? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2017;38(5):954\u201360.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-007-0237-2","volume":"114","author":"NJ Cairns","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cairns NJ, Bigio EH, Mackenzie IR, Neumann M, Lee VM, Hatanpaa KJ, et al. Neuropathologic diagnostic and nosologic criteria for frontotemporal lobar degeneration: consensus of the consortium for frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Acta Neuropathol. 2007;114(1):5\u201322.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"484_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2922","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp214","volume":"132","author":"M Neumann","year":"2009","unstructured":"Neumann M, Rademakers R, Roeber S, Baker M, Kretzschmar HA, Mackenzie IR. A new subtype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with FUS pathology. Brain. 2009;132(Pt 11):2922\u201331.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"484_CR16","unstructured":"NICE. Dementia: supporting people with dementia and their carers in health and social care | Guidance and guidelines |National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 2016."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"484_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt199","volume":"5","author":"JP Soucy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Soucy JP, Bartha R, Bocti C, Borrie M, Burhan AM, Laforce R, et al. Clinical applications of neuroimaging in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a review from the fourth Canadian consensus conference on the diagnosis and treatment of dementia 2012. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2013;5(Suppl 1):S3.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"484_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03859.x","volume":"19","author":"M Filippi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Filippi M, Agosta F, Barkhof F, Dubois B, Fox NC, Frisoni GB, et al. EFNS task force: the use of neuroimaging in the diagnosis of dementia. Eur J Neurol. 2012;19(12):e131\u201340. 1487-501","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"484_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ossenkoppele R, Cohn-Sheehy BI, La Joie R, Vogel JW, Moller C, Lehmann M, et al. Atrophy patterns in early clinical stages across distinct phenotypes of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2015;36(11):4421\u20134437.","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22927"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"484_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1159\/000338176","volume":"33","author":"PL Pan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pan PL, Song W, Yang J, Huang R, Chen K, Gong QY, et al. Gray matter atrophy in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;33(2\u20133):141\u20138.","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"18","key":"484_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a4124e","volume":"72","author":"JD Rohrer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rohrer JD, Warren JD, Modat M, Ridgway GR, Douiri A, Rossor MN, et al. Patterns of cortical thinning in the language variants of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Neurology. 2009;72(18):1562\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"484_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10825","volume":"55","author":"ML Gorno-Tempini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gorno-Tempini ML, Dronkers NF, Rankin KP, Ogar JM, Phengrasamy L, Rosen HJ, et al. Cognition and anatomy in three variants of primary progressive aphasia. Ann Neurol. 2004;55(3):335\u201346.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"484_CR23","first-page":"967","volume":"8","author":"P Scheltens","year":"1992","unstructured":"Scheltens P, Leys D, Barkhof F. Atrophy of medial temporal lobes on MRI in \u201cprobable\u201d Alzheimer\u2019s disease and normal ageing: diagnostic value and neuropsychological correlates. J Neurol. 1992;8:967\u201372.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"484_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1159\/000117270","volume":"36","author":"F Pasquier","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pasquier F, Leys D, Weerts JG, Mounier-Vehier F, Barkhof F, Scheltens P. Inter- and intraobserver reproducibility of cerebral atrophy assessment on MRI scans with hemispheric infarcts. Eur Neurol. 1996;36(5):268\u201372.","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"484_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-310090","volume":"86","author":"L Harper","year":"2015","unstructured":"\u2022 Harper L, Barkhof F, Fox NC, Schott JM. Using visual rating to diagnose dementia: a critical evaluation of MRI atrophy scales. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015;86(11):1225\u201333. In this systemic review, different cerebral atrophy rating scales for dementia have been examined to highlight the diagnostic potential of these clinically applicable tools","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.6.1318","volume":"32","author":"LO Wahlund","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wahlund LO, Barkhof F, Fazekas F, Bronge L, Augustin M, Sjogren M, et al. A new rating scale for age-related white matter changes applicable to MRI and CT. Stroke. 2001;32(6):1318\u201322.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"484_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wahlund LO, Westman E, van Westen D, Wallin A, Shams S, Cavallin L, et al. Imaging biomarkers of dementia: recommended visual rating scales with teaching cases. Insights Imaging 2017;8(1):79\u201390.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-016-0521-6"},{"issue":"12","key":"484_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.143347","volume":"55","author":"JT O'Brien","year":"2014","unstructured":"O'Brien JT, Firbank MJ, Davison C, Barnett N, Bamford C, Donaldson C, et al. 18F-FDG PET and perfusion SPECT in the diagnosis of Alzheimer and Lewy body dementias. J Nucl Med. 2014;55(12):1959\u201365.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"484_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smailagic N, Vacante M, Hyde C, Martin S, Ukoumunne O, Sachpekidis C. (1)(8)F-FDG PET for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia and other dementias in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cochrane database Syst rev. 2015;1:Cd010632. In this Cochrane systemic review, authors searched all the major databases and included and analyzed all the studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of FDG PET to detemine the conversion from MCI to AD or other forms of dementia.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010632.pub2"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"484_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm177","volume":"130","author":"NL Foster","year":"2007","unstructured":"Foster NL, Heidebrink JL, Clark CM, Jagust WJ, Arnold SE, Barbas NR, et al. FDG-PET improves accuracy in distinguishing frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain. 2007;130(Pt 10):2616\u201335.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"10","key":"484_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.065870","volume":"50","author":"SM Lim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lim SM, Katsifis A, Villemagne VL, Best R, Jones G, Saling M, et al. The 18F-FDG PET cingulate island sign and comparison to 123I-beta-CIT SPECT for diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. J Nucl Med. 2009;50(10):1638\u201345.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"484_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-007-0380-y","volume":"34","author":"AK Kono","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kono AK, Ishii K, Sofue K, Miyamoto N, Sakamoto S, Mori E. Fully automatic differential diagnosis system for dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer\u2019s disease using FDG-PET and 3D-SSP. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2007;34(9):1490\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"7","key":"484_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1063-7","volume":"36","author":"S Arlt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Arlt S, Brassen S, Jahn H, Wilke F, Eichenlaub M, Apostolova I, et al. Association between FDG uptake, CSF biomarkers and cognitive performance in patients with probable Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2009;36(7):1090\u2013100.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"484_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70291-0","volume":"12","author":"CR Jack Jr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jack CR Jr, Knopman DS, Jagust WJ, Petersen RC, Weiner MW, Aisen PS, et al. Tracking pathophysiological processes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an updated hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12(2):207\u201316.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"484_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-003-1194-1","volume":"30","author":"A Drzezga","year":"2003","unstructured":"Drzezga A, Lautenschlager N, Siebner H, Riemenschneider M, Willoch F, Minoshima S, et al. Cerebral metabolic changes accompanying conversion of mild cognitive impairment into Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a PET follow-up study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2003;30(8):1104\u201313.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"484_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-0397(99)00020-5","volume":"2","author":"DH Silverman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Silverman DH, Small GW, Phelps ME. Clinical value of neuroimaging in the diagnosis of dementia. Sensitivity and specificity of regional cerebral metabolic and other parameters for early identification of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Clin Positron Imaging. 1999;2(3):119\u201330.","journal-title":"Clin Positron Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1762-7","volume":"32","author":"L Mosconi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mosconi L. Brain glucose metabolism in the early and specific diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. FDG-PET studies in MCI and AD. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2005;32(4):486\u2013510.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"484_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws327","volume":"136","author":"M Lehmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lehmann M, Ghosh PM, Madison C, Laforce R Jr, Corbetta-Rastelli C, Weiner MW, et al. Diverging patterns of amyloid deposition and hypometabolism in clinical variants of probable Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain. 2013;136(Pt 3):844\u201358.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"10","key":"484_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3050","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3696-1","volume":"25","author":"SC Verfaillie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verfaillie SC, Adriaanse SM, Binnewijzend MA, Benedictus MR, Ossenkoppele R, Wattjes MP, et al. Cerebral perfusion and glucose metabolism in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and frontotemporal dementia: two sides of the same coin? Eur Radiol. 2015;25(10):3050\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.11.002","volume":"28","author":"J Diehl-Schmid","year":"2007","unstructured":"Diehl-Schmid J, Grimmer T, Drzezga A, Bornschein S, Riemenschneider M, Forstl H, et al. Decline of cerebral glucose metabolism in frontotemporal dementia: a longitudinal 18F-FDG-PET-study. Neurobiol Aging. 2007;28(1):42\u201350.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21451","volume":"64","author":"GD Rabinovici","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rabinovici GD, Jagust WJ, Furst AJ, Ogar JM, Racine CA, Mormino EC, et al. Abeta amyloid and glucose metabolism in three variants of primary progressive aphasia. Ann Neurol. 2008;64(4):388\u2013401.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.106.037762","volume":"48","author":"S Ng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ng S, Villemagne VL, Berlangieri S, Lee ST, Cherk M, Gong SJ, et al. Visual assessment versus quantitative assessment of 11C-PIB PET and 18F-FDG PET for detection of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Nucl Med. 2007;48(4):547\u201352.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"484_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.295","volume":"68","author":"KB Womack","year":"2011","unstructured":"Womack KB, Diaz-Arrastia R, Aizenstein HJ, Arnold SE, Barbas NR, Boeve BF, et al. Temporoparietal hypometabolism in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and associated imaging diagnostic errors. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(3):329\u201337.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"23","key":"484_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31823b9c5e","volume":"77","author":"GD Rabinovici","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rabinovici GD, Rosen HJ, Alkalay A, Kornak J, Furst AJ, Agarwal N, et al. Amyloid vs FDG-PET in the differential diagnosis of AD and FTLD. Neurology. 2011;77(23):2034\u201342.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s40336-014-0073-z","volume":"2","author":"K Herholz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Herholz K. The role of PET quantification in neurological imaging: FDG and amyloid imaging in dementia. Clinical and Translational Imaging. 2014;2(4):321\u201330.","journal-title":"Clinical and Translational Imaging"},{"key":"484_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vandenberghe R, Van Laere K, Ivanoiu A, Salmon E, Bastin C, Triau E, et al. 18F-Flutemetamol amyloid imaging in Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment: a phase 2 trial. Ann Neurol 2010;68(3):319\u2013329.","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22068"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.069088","volume":"51","author":"DF Wong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wong DF, Rosenberg PB, Zhou Y, Kumar A, Raymont V, Ravert HT, et al. In vivo imaging of amyloid deposition in Alzheimer disease using the radioligand 18F-AV-45 (florbetapir [corrected] F 18). Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine. 2010;51(6):913\u201320.","journal-title":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"484_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70001-2","volume":"7","author":"CC Rowe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rowe CC, Ackerman U, Browne W, Mulligan R, Pike KL, O'Keefe G, et al. Imaging of amyloid beta in Alzheimer\u2019s disease with 18F-BAY94-9172, a novel PET tracer: proof of mechanism. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7(2):129\u201335.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"484_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-302548","volume":"83","author":"DA Wolk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wolk DA, Zhang Z, Boudhar S, Clark CM, Pontecorvo MJ, Arnold SE. Amyloid imaging in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: comparison of florbetapir and Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012;83(9):923\u20136.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"484_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-014-2753-3","volume":"41","author":"SM Landau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Landau SM, Thomas BA, Thurfjell L, Schmidt M, Margolin R, Mintun M, et al. Amyloid PET imaging in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a comparison of three radiotracers. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014;41(7):1398\u2013407.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-06-02086.2003","volume":"23","author":"WE Klunk","year":"2003","unstructured":"Klunk WE, Wang Y, Huang GF, Debnath ML, Holt DP, Shao L, et al. The binding of 2-(4\u2032-methylaminophenyl)benzothiazole to postmortem brain homogenates is dominated by the amyloid component. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 2003;23(6):2086\u201392.","journal-title":"The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience"},{"issue":"11","key":"484_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600146","volume":"25","author":"JC Price","year":"2005","unstructured":"Price JC, Klunk WE, Lopresti BJ, Lu X, Hoge JA, Ziolko SK, et al. Kinetic modeling of amyloid binding in humans using PET imaging and Pittsburgh compound-B. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 2005;25(11):1528\u201347.","journal-title":"Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nucmedbio.2006.10.003","volume":"34","author":"W Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang W, Kung MP, Oya S, Hou C, Kung HF. 18F-labeled styrylpyridines as PET agents for amyloid plaque imaging. Nucl Med Biol. 2007;34(1):89\u201397.","journal-title":"Nucl Med Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"484_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.2008","volume":"305","author":"CM Clark","year":"2011","unstructured":"Clark CM, Schneider JA, Bedell BJ, Beach TG, Bilker WB, Mintun MA, et al. Use of florbetapir-PET for imaging beta-amyloid pathology. JAMA. 2011;305(3):275\u201383.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"484_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn016","volume":"131","author":"MD Ikonomovic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ikonomovic MD, Klunk WE, Abrahamson EE, Mathis CA, Price JC, Tsopelas ND, et al. Post-mortem correlates of in vivo PiB-PET amyloid imaging in a typical case of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain. 2008;131(Pt 6):1630\u201345.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e31821300bc","volume":"26","author":"SR Choi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choi SR, Schneider JA, Bennett DA, Beach TG, Bedell BJ, Zehntner SP, et al. Correlation of amyloid PET ligand florbetapir F 18 binding with Abeta aggregation and neuritic plaque deposition in postmortem brain tissue. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2012;26(1):8\u201316.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"484_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.4144","volume":"72","author":"C Curtis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Curtis C, Gamez JE, Singh U, Sadowsky CH, Villena T, Sabbagh MN, et al. Phase 3 trial of flutemetamol labeled with radioactive fluorine 18 imaging and neuritic plaque density. JAMA Neurol. 2015;72(3):287\u201394.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-308094","volume":"86","author":"KT Ong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ong KT, Villemagne VL, Bahar-Fuchs A, Lamb F, Langdon N, Catafau AM, et al. Abeta imaging with 18F-florbetaben in prodromal Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a prospective outcome study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015;86(4):431\u20136.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2088-x","volume":"39","author":"VL Villemagne","year":"2012","unstructured":"Villemagne VL, Mulligan RS, Pejoska S, Ong K, Jones G, O'Keefe G, et al. Comparison of 11C-PiB and 18F-florbetaben for Abeta imaging in ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012;39(6):983\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20889","volume":"60","author":"HA Archer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Archer HA, Edison P, Brooks DJ, Barnes J, Frost C, Yeatman T, et al. Amyloid load and cerebral atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an 11C-PIB positron emission tomography study. Ann Neurol. 2006;60(1):145\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"484_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeo JM, Waddell B, Khan Z, Pal S. A systematic review and meta-analysis of (18)F-labeled amyloid imaging in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2015;1(1):5\u201313. In this systemic review and meta-analysis, the authors have included 19 studies investigating 682 AD patients. They calculated pooled weighted sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratios for each of 18F-labeled amyloid tracer.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2014.11.004"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt93","volume":"3","author":"R Laforce Jr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Laforce R Jr, Rabinovici GD. Amyloid imaging in the differential diagnosis of dementia: review and potential clinical applications. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2011;3(6):31.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.06.001","volume":"9","author":"KA Johnson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Johnson KA, Minoshima S, Bohnen NI, Donohoe KJ, Foster NL, Herscovitch P, et al. Update on appropriate use criteria for amyloid PET imaging: dementia experts, mild cognitive impairment, and education. Amyloid imaging task force of the Alzheimer\u2019s Association and Society for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;9(4):e106\u20139.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"484_CR64","unstructured":"Johnson KA, Minoshima S, Bohnen NI, Donohoe KJ, Foster NL, Herscovitch P, et al. Appropriate use criteria for amyloid PET: a report of the amyloid imaging task force, the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, and the Alzheimer\u2019s Association. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;(1):9, e-1\u2013e16."},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2015.401","volume":"43","author":"R Laforce","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laforce R, Rosa-Neto P, Soucy JP, Rabinovici GD, Dubois B, Gauthier S. Canadian consensus guidelines on use of amyloid imaging in Canada: update and future directions from the specialized task force on amyloid imaging in Canada. Can J Neurol Sci. 2016;43(4):503\u201312.","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"484_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.03.003","volume":"6","author":"WJ Jagust","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jagust WJ, Bandy D, Chen K, Foster NL, Landau SM, Mathis CA, et al. The Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative positron emission tomography core. Alzheimers Dement. 2010;6(3):221\u20139.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"484_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rabinovici GD. Impact of amyloid PET on patient management: early results from the IDEAS study. AAIC; London2017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.08.003"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.148981","volume":"56","author":"SM Landau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Landau SM, Fero A, Baker SL, Koeppe R, Mintun M, Chen K, et al. Measurement of longitudinal beta-amyloid change with 18F-florbetapir PET and standardized uptake value ratios. J Nucl Med. 2015;56(4):567\u201374.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"484_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.4669","volume":"313","author":"R Ossenkoppele","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ossenkoppele R, Jansen WJ, Rabinovici GD, Knol DL, van der Flier WM, van Berckel BN, et al. Prevalence of amyloid PET positivity in dementia syndromes: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2015;313(19):1939\u201349.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-015-0112-7","volume":"7","author":"K Harkins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harkins K, Sankar P, Sperling R, Grill JD, Green RC, Johnson KA, et al. Development of a process to disclose amyloid imaging results to cognitively normal older adult research participants. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2015;7(1):26.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-017-0261-y","volume":"9","author":"JD Grill","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grill JD, Apostolova LG, Bullain S, Burns JM, Cox CG, Dick M, et al. Communicating mild cognitive impairment diagnoses with and without amyloid imaging. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2017;9(1):35.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"484_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(97)00056-0","volume":"18","author":"H Braak","year":"1997","unstructured":"Braak H, Braak E. Frequency of stages of Alzheimer-related lesions in different age categories. Neurobiol Aging. 1997;18(4):351\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"5","key":"484_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31825018f7","volume":"71","author":"PT Nelson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nelson PT, Alafuzoff I, Bigio EH, Bouras C, Braak H, Cairns NJ, et al. Correlation of Alzheimer disease neuropathologic changes with cognitive status: a review of the literature. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2012;71(5):362\u201381.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1995.00540250089017","volume":"52","author":"LM Bierer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bierer LM, Hof PR, Purohit DP, Carlin L, Schmeidler J, Davis KL, et al. Neocortical neurofibrillary tangles correlate with dementia severity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Arch Neurol. 1995;52(1):81\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"484_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324924.91351.7d","volume":"71","author":"JL Whitwell","year":"2008","unstructured":"Whitwell JL, Josephs KA, Murray ME, Kantarci K, Przybelski SA, Weigand SD, et al. MRI correlates of neurofibrillary tangle pathology at autopsy: a voxel-based morphometry study. Neurology. 2008;71(10):743\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"484_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2015.12.010","volume":"30","author":"N Okamura","year":"2016","unstructured":"Okamura N, Harada R, Furukawa K, Furumoto S, Tago T, Yanai K, et al. Advances in the development of tau PET radiotracers and their clinical applications. Ageing Res Rev. 2016;30:107\u201313.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"484_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olsson B, Lautner R, Andreasson U, Ohrfelt A, Portelius E, Bjerke M, et al. CSF and blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(7):673\u201384. This tour de force review and meta-analysis of 231 articles containing 15,699 patients with AD and 13,018 controls identified the most consistent AD biomarkers as CSF T-tau, P-tau, A\u03b242, and neurofilament","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00070-3"},{"issue":"6","key":"484_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.03.003","volume":"10","author":"JL Molinuevo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Molinuevo JL, Blennow K, Dubois B, Engelborghs S, Lewczuk P, Perret-Liaudet A, et al. The clinical use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarker testing for Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis: a consensus paper from the Alzheimer\u2019s biomarkers standardization initiative. Alzheimers Dement. 2014;10(6):808\u201317.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"484_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ritchie C, Smailagic N, Noel-Storr AH, Ukoumunne O, Ladds EC, Martin S. CSF tau and the CSF tau\/ABeta ratio for the diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia and other dementias in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;3:Cd010803. This Cochrane Systemic Review urged caution in the use of CSF tau and CSF tau\/ABeta ratio in patients with MCI due to risk of misdiagnosis or overdiagnosis","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010803.pub2"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-120361","volume":"31","author":"A Perret-Liaudet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perret-Liaudet A, Pelpel M, Tholance Y, Dumont B, Vanderstichele H, Zorzi W, et al. Risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease biological misdiagnosis linked to cerebrospinal collection tubes. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;31(1):13\u201320.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"484_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24996","volume":"82","author":"DJ Irwin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Irwin DJ, Lleo A, Xie SX, McMillan CT, Wolk DA, Lee EB, et al. Ante mortem cerebrospinal fluid tau levels correlate with postmortem tau pathology in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Ann Neurol. 2017;82(2):247\u201358.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24052","volume":"75","author":"CS Scherling","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scherling CS, Hall T, Berisha F, Klepac K, Karydas A, Coppola G, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament concentration reflects disease severity in frontotemporal degeneration. Ann Neurol. 2014;75(1):116\u201326.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"484_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meeter LH, Kaat LD, Rohrer JD, van Swieten JC. Imaging and fluid biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia. Nat Rev Neurol 2017;13(7):406\u2013419.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.75"},{"issue":"1","key":"484_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.09.014","volume":"13","author":"SE O'Bryant","year":"2017","unstructured":"O'Bryant SE, Mielke MM, Rissman RA, Lista S, Vanderstichele H, Zetterberg H, et al. Blood-based biomarkers in Alzheimer disease: current state of the science and a novel collaborative paradigm for advancing from discovery to clinic. Alzheimers Dement. 2017;13(1):45\u201358.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"}],"container-title":["Current Treatment Options in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11940-017-0484-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11940-017-0484-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11940-017-0484-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]],"date-time":"2022-08-07T05:34:32Z","timestamp":1659850472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11940-017-0484-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11940-017-0484-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-8480","1534-3138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-8480","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-3138","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]]},"article-number":"46"}}