{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T04:28:17Z","timestamp":1744172897236,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,22]],"date-time":"2008-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1208822400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,22]],"date-time":"2008-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1208822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Eng Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-008-9064-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,21]],"date-time":"2008-04-21T22:15:34Z","timestamp":1208816134000},"page":"43-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Liberty to Decide on Dual Use Biomedical Research: An Acknowledged Necessity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Keuleyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"9064_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.embor853","volume":"4","author":"V. Beck","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beck, V. (2003). Advances in life sciences and bioterrorism. EMBO Reports, 4, S53\u2013S56.","journal-title":"EMBO Reports"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"9064_CR2","first-page":"16","volume":"XLIV","author":"E. Keuleyan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Keuleyan, E. (2007). Dual-use life-sciences research \u2013 A problem that necessitates emergent actions. Infectology, XLIV(Suppl. 1), 16\u201318 (article in Bulgarian, abstract in English).","journal-title":"Infectology"},{"key":"9064_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2005). Life science research: opportunities and risks for public health. Mapping the issues. WHO\/CDS\/CSR\/LYO\/2005.20."},{"key":"9064_CR4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2007). Scientific working group on life science research and global health security. Report of the First Meeting. Geneva, Switzerland, 16\u201318 October 2006. WHO\/CDS\/EPR\/2007.4."},{"key":"9064_CR5","unstructured":"Marburger, J. (2007). 2007 AAAS Policy Forum. Washington, DC, May, 2007; http:\/\/www.aaas.org\/spp\/rd\/forummarburger.pdf."},{"key":"9064_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathews, J. D., & Smallwood, R. A. (2003). Australian responses to threats of bioterrorism. Microbiology Australia, May:11\u201313.","DOI":"10.1071\/MA03211"},{"key":"9064_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Green, S. K. (2004). The living code. Physician-scientists and social responsibility. Virtual Mentor, 6(9); http:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/ama\/pub\/category\/2790.html.","DOI":"10.1001\/virtualmentor.2004.6.9.code1-0409"},{"key":"9064_CR8","unstructured":"Royal Society. (2004). The individual and collective role scientists can play in strengthening international treaties (www.royalsoc.ac.uk\/policy\/)."},{"key":"9064_CR9","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine and National Research Council of the National Academies. Globalization, Biosecurity, and the Future of the Life Sciences."},{"key":"9064_CR10","unstructured":"Medical Research Council. (2005). Medical Research Council position statement on bioterrorism and biomedical research. MRC, the UK, September 2005."},{"key":"9064_CR11","unstructured":"National Research Council. (2004). NRC report on dual use research. Biotechnology research in an age of terrorism. Report of the NRC of the National Academies."},{"key":"9064_CR12","unstructured":"International Committee of the Red Cross. (2004). Preventing hostile use of the life sciences: From ethics and law to best practice. ICRC, Geneva, 11.11.2004 (URL: http:\/\/www.icrc.org\/web\/eng\/siteeng0.nsf\/html\/biotechnology-principles-of-practice-111104)."},{"key":"9064_CR13","volume-title":"Terrorism and counter-terrorism","author":"S. Miller","year":"2007","unstructured":"Miller, S. (2007). Terrorism and counter-terrorism. Oxford: The Oxford Blackwell Publishing."},{"key":"9064_CR14","first-page":"213","volume":"5","author":"M. T. Osterholm","year":"2001","unstructured":"Osterholm, M. T. (2001). Bioterrorism: A real modern threat. Emerging Infections, 5, 213\u2013222.","journal-title":"Emerging Infections"},{"issue":"5652","key":"9064_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1126\/science.302.5652.1894b","volume":"302","author":"L. H. Kahn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kahn, L. H. (2003). Life scientists and the dual use dilemma. Science, 302(5652), 1894\u20131895.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"9064_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp048053","volume":"350","author":"L. Richardson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Richardson, L. (2004). Buying biosafety \u2013 Is the price right. The New England Journal Medicine, 350, 2121\u20132123.","journal-title":"The New England Journal Medicine"},{"issue":"17","key":"9064_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb021319","volume":"347","author":"H. Moses","year":"2002","unstructured":"Moses, H., Braunwald, E, Martin, J. B., & Thier, S. O. (2002). Collaborating with industry \u2013 Choices for the Academic Medical Center. The New England Journal of Medicine, 347(17), 1371\u20131375 (www.nejm.org).","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"21","key":"9064_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp048123","volume":"350","author":"R. Hirschberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hirschberg, R., La Montagne, J., & Fauci, A. S. (2004). Biomedical research \u2013 An integral component of National Security. The New England Journal of Medicine, 350(21), 2119\u20132120.","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"9064_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/713610450","volume":"29","author":"M. Leitenberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Leitenberg, M. (2003). Distinguishing offensive from defensive biological weapons research. Clinical Reviews in Microbiology, 29(3), 223\u2013257.","journal-title":"Clinical Reviews in Microbiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"9064_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1089\/bsp.2006.4.276","volume":"4","author":"R. M. Atlas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Atlas, R. M., & Dando, M. (2006). The dual-use dilemma for the life sciences: Perspectives, conundrums, and global solutions. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice and Science, 4(3), 276\u2013286.","journal-title":"Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice and Science"},{"key":"9064_CR21","unstructured":"Shea, D. A. (2007). Oversight of dual-use biomedical research: The National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. CRS Report for Congress. Updated April, 2007."},{"key":"9064_CR22","unstructured":"National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. (2006). Criteria for identifying dual use research of concern. NSABB Draft Guidance Documents. July 2006; http:\/\/www.upmc-biosecurity.org\/website\/resources\/govt_docs\/science_biosecurity\/nsabb\/draft guidance documents.html."},{"key":"9064_CR23","unstructured":"National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. (2006). Tools for the responsible communication of research with dual use potential. NSABB Draft Guidance Documents. July 2006; http:\/\/www.upmc-biosecurity.org\/website\/resources\/govt_docs\/science_biosecurity\/nsabb\/draftguidancedocuments.html."},{"key":"9064_CR24","unstructured":"National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. (2006). Considerations in developing a code of conduct in the life sciences. NSABB Draft Guidance Documents. July 2006; http:\/\/www.upmc-biosecurity.org\/website\/resources\/govt_docs\/science_biosecurity\/nsabb\/draftguidancedocuments.html."},{"key":"9064_CR25","unstructured":"National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. (2006). Addressing biosecurity concerns related to the synthesis of select agents. NSABB. December 2006; http:\/\/www.upmc-biosecurity.org\/website\/resources\/govt_docs\/science_biosecurity\/nsabb\/."},{"key":"9064_CR26","unstructured":"Barniakov, D., & Andreev, A. (Eds.) (1968). Thoughts and aphorisms. Collection. Sofia. Narodna kultura (in Bulgarian)."},{"key":"9064_CR27","unstructured":"Liberty Fund Inc. (2007). http:\/\/www.libertyfund.org\/browse.asp#."},{"key":"9064_CR28","unstructured":"de Montaigne, M. (1910). Essays of Montaigne. Vol. 9., trans. Charles Cotton, revised by William Carew Hazlett. New York. Edwin C. Hill. (On Physiognomy, paragraph 147); http:\/\/oll.liberty.fund.org\/title\/1750\/91302\/2062745."},{"key":"9064_CR29","unstructured":"de Spinoza, B. (1891). The Chief works of Benedict de Spinoza. Vol. I, transl. R.H.M. Elwes. Revised Ed. London. George Bell and Sons. (A Theologo-political treatise. Chap. XVI., p. 206); http:\/\/olllibertyfund.org."},{"key":"9064_CR30","unstructured":"Kant, I. (1886). The Metaphysics of Etthics, trans. J.W. Semple. Edinburgh., T. & T. Clark (3rd ed.) (Introduction by H. Calderwood, paragraph 576); http:\/\/oll.libertyfund.org\/title\/1443\/56224\/1351906."},{"key":"9064_CR31","unstructured":"Plato. (1892). The Dialogues of Plato, Vol.1, transl. B.Jowett, M.A., in five volumes, 3rd ed. Oxford. Oxford University Press. (Charmides, Lysis, Laches, Protagoras, Euthydemus, Cratylus, Phaedrus, Ion, Symposium. Phaedrus, paragraph 4257); http:\/\/oll.libertyfund.org\/title\/111\/39482\/876719."},{"key":"9064_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13849","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.212519699","volume":"99","author":"T. M. Tumpey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tumpey, T. M., Garcia-Sastre, A., Mikulasova, A., Taubenberger, J. K., Swayne, D. E., Palese, P., & Basler, C. F. (2002). Existing antivirals are effective against influenza viruses with genes from the 1918 pandemic virus. PNAS, 99, 13849\u201313854.","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"7060","key":"9064_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04230","volume":"437","author":"J. K. Taubenberger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taubenberger, J. K., Reid, A. H., Lourens, R. M., Wang, R., Jin, G., & Fanning, T. G. (2005). Characterization of the 1918 influenza virus polymerase genes. Nature, 437(7060), 889\u2013893.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9064_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.3.1205-1210.2001","volume":"75","author":"R. J. Jackson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jackson, R. J., Ramsay, A. J., Christensen, C. D., Beaton, S., Hall, D. F., & Ramshaw, I. A. (2001). Expression of mouse interleukin-4 by a recombinant ectromelia virus suppresses cytolytic lymphocyte responses and overcomes genetic resistance to mousepox. Journal of Virology, 75, 1205\u20131210.","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"key":"9064_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072266","volume":"297","author":"J. Cello","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cello, J., Paul, A. V., & Wimmer, E. (2002). Chemical synthesis of poliovirus cDNA: Generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template. Science, 297, 1016\u20131018.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"9064_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1126\/science.297.5579.174b","volume":"297","author":"J. Couzin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Couzin, J. (2002). Active poliovirus baked from scratch. Science, 297, 5579: 174.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"9064_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Racaniello, V. R., & Baltimore, D. (1981). Cloned poliovirus complementary DNA is infectious in mammalian cells. Science, 214, 4523 (1981):916.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6272391"},{"key":"9064_CR38","unstructured":"Fischer, J. E. (2006). Stewardship or Censorship? Balancing biosecurity. The public health, and the benefits of scientific openness. A white paper commissioned by the Policy, Ethics and Law Core of the SERCEB; Washington, DC. the Henry Stimson Center."},{"issue":"3","key":"9064_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2225\/vol2-issue3-fulltext-2","volume":"2","author":"E. J. DaSilva","year":"1999","unstructured":"DaSilva, E. J. (1999). Biological warfare, bioterrorism, biodefence and the biological and toxin weapon convention. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 2(3), 99\u2013110; http:\/\/www.ejb.org\/content\/vol2\/issue3\/full\/2\/.","journal-title":"Electronic Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"9064_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.embor849","volume":"4","author":"F. Frishknecht","year":"2003","unstructured":"Frishknecht, F. (2003). The history of biological warfare. EMBO Reports, 4, S47\u2013S52.","journal-title":"EMBO Reports"},{"key":"9064_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Della-Porta, A. J. (2003). Bioterrorism: An historical perspective. Microbiology Australia, 6\u201310.","DOI":"10.1071\/MA03206"},{"key":"9064_CR42","first-page":"S45","volume":"7","author":"J. Guillemin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guillemin, J. (2006). Scientists and the history of biological weapons. European Molecular Biology Organization Reports, 7, S45\u2013S49.","journal-title":"European Molecular Biology Organization Reports"},{"key":"9064_CR43","first-page":"3601","volume-title":"Principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"L. L. Borio","year":"2005","unstructured":"Borio, L. L. (2005). Plague as an agent of bioterrorism. In G. L. Mandell, J. E. Bennett, & R. Dolin (Eds.), Principles and practice of infectious diseases (6th ed., pp. 3601\u20133606). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.","edition":"6"},{"key":"9064_CR44","first-page":"3618","volume-title":"Principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"D. Lucey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lucey, D. (2005). Anthrax. In G. L. Mandell, J. E. Bennett, & R. Dolin (Eds.), Principles and practice of infectious diseases (6th ed., pp. 3618\u20133623). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.","edition":"6"},{"key":"9064_CR45","first-page":"3612","volume-title":"Principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"L. D. Rotz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rotz, L. D., Cono, J., & Damon, I. (2005). Smallpox and bioterrorism. In G. L. Mandell, J. E. Bennett, & R. Dolin (Eds.), Principles and practice of infectious diseases (6th ed., pp. 3612\u20133617). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.","edition":"6"},{"key":"9064_CR46","first-page":"3630","volume-title":"Principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"A. N. Wenberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wenberg, A. N. (2005). Zoonoses. In G. L. Mandell, J. E. Bennett, & R. Dolin (Eds.), Principles and practice of infectious diseases (6th ed., pp. 3630\u20133636). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.","edition":"6"},{"issue":"5","key":"9064_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0905.020477","volume":"9","author":"M.-H. Chang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chang, M.-H., Glynn, M. K., & Groseclose, S. L. (2003). Endemic, notifiable bioterrorism-related diseases, United States, 1992\u20131999. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 9(5), 556\u2013564.","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"9064_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1104.041167","volume":"11","author":"A. S. Fauci","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fauci, A. S., Touchette, N. A., & Folkers, G. K. (2005). Emerging infectious diseases: A 10-year perspective from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 11(4), 519\u2013525. (www.cdc.gov\/eid).","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases (www.cdc.gov\/eid)"},{"issue":"8","key":"9064_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1086\/428617","volume":"40","author":"J. L. Kool","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kool, J. L. (2005). Risk of person to person transmission of pneumonic plagues. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 40(8), 1166\u20131172.","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"9064_CR50","unstructured":"Koplan, J. P. (2002). Protecting the Nation\u2019s Health in an Era of Globalization: CDC\u2019s Global Infectious Disease Strategy. Atlanta, Georgia."},{"key":"9064_CR51","unstructured":"National Centers for Infectious Diseases. (2007). Infectious disease information. Emergency infectious diseases; http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/diseases\/eid\/disease-sites.htm."},{"key":"9064_CR52","unstructured":"The Health Protection Agency & the National Radiobiological Protection Board. (2004). Initial Investigation and Management of Outbreaks and Incidents of Unusual Illnesses. A Guide for Hospital Clinicians. Version 3 (http:\/\/www.hpa.org.uk\/infections\/topics_az\/deliberaterelease\/)."},{"key":"9064_CR53","unstructured":"The Health Protection Agency & the National Radiobiological Protection Board. (2004). Initial Investigation and Management of Outbreaks and Incidents of Unusual Illnesses. A Guide for Local Laboratories. Version 3. (http:\/\/www.hpa.org.uk\/infections\/topics_az\/deliberaterelease\/)."},{"key":"9064_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siegel, J. D., Rhinehart, E., Jackson M., Chiarello, L., & The Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. (2007). 2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings. Center for Diseases Control and Prevention. June 2007, (http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/dhqp\/pdf\/isolation2007.pdf).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2007.10.007"},{"key":"9064_CR55","first-page":"3626","volume-title":"Principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"C. J. Peters","year":"2005","unstructured":"Peters, C. J. (2005). Bioterrorism: Viral hemorrhagic fevers. In G. L. Mandell, J. E. Bennett, & R. Dolin (Eds.), Principles and practice of infectious diseases (6th ed., pp. 3626\u20133629). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.","edition":"6"},{"key":"9064_CR56","unstructured":"The Health Protection Agency. (2007). HPA Centre for infections. Guidelines for Action in the Event of a deliberate release: Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers. Version 2.3 (http:\/\/www.hpa.org.uk\/infections\/topics_az\/deliberate_release\/default.htm)."},{"key":"9064_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.21.JOC30885","volume":"289","author":"C. M. Booth","year":"2003","unstructured":"Booth, C. M., Matukas, L. M., Tomlinson, G. A., Rachlis, A. R., Rose, D., et\u00a0al. (2003). Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the Greater Toronto area. JAMA, 289, 2801\u20132809.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"9064_CR58","first-page":"241","volume":"52","author":"Center for Diseases Control and Prevention.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Center for Diseases Control and Prevention. (2003). Outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-worldwide. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 52, 241\u2013248.","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"9064_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030747","volume":"348","author":"C. Drosten","year":"2003","unstructured":"Drosten, C., Gunter, S., Preiser, W., et\u00a0al. (2003). Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. The New England Journal Medicine, 348, 1967\u20131976.","journal-title":"The New England Journal Medicine"},{"key":"9064_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp048343","volume":"352","author":"A. S. Monto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Monto, A. S. (2005). The threat of an avian influenza pandemic. The New England Journal Medicine, 352, 323\u2013325.","journal-title":"The New England Journal Medicine"},{"key":"9064_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144536","volume":"26","author":"E. D. Belay","year":"2005","unstructured":"Belay, E. D., & Schonberger, L. D. (2005). The public Health Impact of Prion Diseases. Annual Reviews in Public Health, 26, 191\u2013212.","journal-title":"Annual Reviews in Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"9064_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01384-3","volume":"3","author":"H. Field","year":"2001","unstructured":"Field, H., Young, P., Yob, J. M., Mill, J. N., Less, H., & Mackenzie, J. (2001) The natural history of Hendra and Nipah viruses. Microbes and Infection, 3(4), 307\u2013314.","journal-title":"Microbes and Infection"},{"issue":"5470","key":"9064_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5470.1432","volume":"288","author":"K. B. Chua","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chua, K. B., Bellini, W. J., Rota, P. A., Harcourt, B. H., Tamin, A., Lam, S. K., et\u00a0al. (2000). Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus. Science, 288(5470), 1432\u20131435.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"9064_CR64","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2007). The Global MDR-TB & XDR\u2013TB Response Plan 2007\u20132008. Stop TB Partnership. WHO\/HTM\/TB\/2007.387 http:\/\/oll.libertyfund.org\/title\/111\/39482\/876719."},{"key":"9064_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.10406","volume":"63","author":"D. B. Resnik","year":"2005","unstructured":"Resnik, D. B., & Shamoo, A. E. (2005). Bioterrorism and the responsible conduct of biomedical research. Drug Development Research, 63, 121\u2013133.","journal-title":"Drug Development Research"},{"key":"9064_CR66","first-page":"S50","volume":"7","author":"F. Cornelinssen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cornelinssen, F. (2006). Adequate regulation: a stop-gap measure, or part of a package? European Molecular Biology Organization Reports, 7, S50\u2013S54.","journal-title":"European Molecular Biology Organization Reports"},{"key":"9064_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S55","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400708","volume":"7","author":"J. Revill","year":"2006","unstructured":"Revill, J., & Dando, M. R. (2006). A hippocratic oath fore life scientists. EMBO Reports, 7, S55\u2013S60.","journal-title":"EMBO Reports"},{"key":"9064_CR68","first-page":"S10","volume":"7","author":"J. van Aken","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Aken, J. (2006). When risk outweighs benefit. European Molecular Biology Organization Reports, 7, S10\u2013S13.","journal-title":"European Molecular Biology Organization Reports"},{"key":"9064_CR69","unstructured":"European Commission. (2007). Green Paper on bio-preparedness. EC, Brussels, 11.7.2007 (http:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:52007DC0399:EN:NOT accessed on 20.9.2007)."},{"key":"9064_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mackenzie, J. S. (2003). Australian Biosecurity CRC for Emergency Infectious Diseases (AB-CRC). Microbiology Australia, May: 38\u201339.","DOI":"10.1071\/MA03238"},{"key":"9064_CR71","unstructured":"Ostfield, M. L. (2007). Developing options for global biosecurity: Assessing progress and evaluating new mechanisms. Remarks to the Partnership for Global Security, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, DC, March, 9, 2007; http:\/\/www.state.go\/g\/oes\/bbh."},{"key":"9064_CR72","unstructured":"Heinrich, J. (2001). Bioterrorism. Review of Public Health Preparedness Programs. US General Accounting Office. GAO-02-149; http:\/\/gao.gov\/new.item\/do23149.pdf."},{"key":"9064_CR73","unstructured":"Hupert, N., Cuomo, J., Callahan, M. A., Mushlin, A. I., & Morse, S. S. (2004). Community-based mass prophylaxis: A planning guide for public health preparedness. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, US DHHS, Rockville, MD, AHRQ Pub No 04-0044."},{"key":"9064_CR74","unstructured":"Adele-Wigert, I, & Bonin, S. (2007). Part two: International organizations. In A. Wenger, V. Mauer, & M. Dunn (Eds.), S. Bonin. International biodefence handbook. An inventory of national and international biodefence practices and polices. (pp. 273\u2013336). Center for Security Studies, ETH Zurich."}],"container-title":["Science and Engineering Ethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11948-008-9064-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11948-008-9064-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11948-008-9064-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11948-008-9064-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T21:26:02Z","timestamp":1744147562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11948-008-9064-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,22]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11948-008-9064-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-3452","1471-5546"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1353-3452"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-5546"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 December 2007","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2008","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2008","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}