{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:15:30Z","timestamp":1786119330164,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0962-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,29]],"date-time":"2009-07-29T13:16:33Z","timestamp":1248873393000},"page":"2744-2748","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Case Reports: Unusual Cause of Shoulder Pain in a Collegiate Baseball Player"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"467","author":[{"given":"Cassandra A.","family":"Ligh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian L.","family":"Schulman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc R.","family":"Safran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197111000-00006","article-title":"Effort thrombosis of the axillary and subclavian veins.","volume":"11","author":"Adams","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R2-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2001.115162","article-title":"Vascular complications in high-performance athletes.","volume":"33","author":"Arko","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"R3-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200704000-00008","article-title":"Neurovascular injuries to the atheltes shoulder: part I.","volume":"15","author":"Aval","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"R4-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1993.18.1.360","article-title":"Liu SH. Neurovascular injuries to the shoulder.","volume":"18","author":"Baker","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"R5-36-20210317","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Assessment of shoulder pain in athletes in German.","volume":"85","author":"Biasca","year":"1996","journal-title":"Praxis (Bern 1)"},{"key":"R6-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769050-00021","article-title":"Simplified posterior approach to the shoulder joint: a technical note.","volume":"69","author":"Brodsky","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R7-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1007\/s10016-004-0078-6","article-title":"Thoracic outlet syndrome surgery: long-term functional results.","volume":"18","author":"Degeorges","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"R8-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300051401","article-title":"Phillips BB, Wright RW. Effort thrombosis in the elite throwing athlete.","volume":"30","author":"DiFelice","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R9-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(95)70244-X","article-title":"Arterial injuries in the thoracic outlet syndrome.","volume":"21","author":"Durham","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"R11-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880070324","article-title":"Thoracic outlet syndrome in a throwing athlete diagnosed with MRI and MRA.","volume":"7","author":"Esposito","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"R12-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.146.4.809","article-title":"Thoracic outlet syndrome: review and reference to stroke in a major league pitcher.","volume":"146","author":"Fields","year":"1986","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"R13-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500611","article-title":"A comparative electromyographic analysis of the shoulder during pitching: professional versus amateur pitchers.","volume":"15","author":"Gowan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R14-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260021001","article-title":"Electromyographic activity and applied load during shoulder rehabilitation exercises using elastic resistance.","volume":"26","author":"Hintermeister","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R15-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2004.013367","article-title":"Quadrilateral space syndrome: a case study and review of the literature.","volume":"39","author":"Hoskins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"R16-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506297538","article-title":"Gambardella RA, Jobe FW. Musculocutaneous nerve injury in major league baseball pitchers: a report of 2 cases.","volume":"35","author":"Hsu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R17-36-20210317","first-page":"198","article-title":"Atraumatic subclavian vein thrombosis in a collegiate baseball player: a case report.","volume":"41","author":"Hurley","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"R18-36-20210317","first-page":"1","article-title":"Observations on the function of the shoulder joint.","volume":"26","author":"Inman","year":"1944","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R19-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2001.112807","article-title":"Extra-anatomic bypass graft for management of axillary artery occlusion in pitchers.","volume":"33","author":"Ishitobi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"R20-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(95)71225-8","article-title":"Ischemia of the throwing hand in major league baseball pitchers: embolic occlusion from aneurysms of axillary artery branches.","volume":"6","author":"Kee","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"R21-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CSMR.0000306210.64562.97","article-title":"Paget-Schroetter syndrome in an overhead athlete.","volume":"4","author":"Keisler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"R22-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(01)00004-9","article-title":"Neurovascular trauma in athletes.","volume":"33","author":"Koffler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"R23-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504266071","article-title":"Upper and lower extremity muscle fatigue after a baseball pitching performance.","volume":"33","author":"Mullaney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R24-36-20210317","first-page":"164","article-title":"Upper extremity venous thrombosis: case report and literature review.","volume":"19","author":"Nemmers","year":"1990","journal-title":"Orthop Rev"},{"key":"R25-36-20210317","first-page":"346","article-title":"The thoracic outlet syndrome in athletes.","volume":"9","author":"Nichols","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Pract"},{"key":"R26-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659001800512","article-title":"Arterial abnormalities of the shoulder in athletes.","volume":"18","author":"Nuber","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R27-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(87)80528-0","article-title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis.","volume":"16","author":"OLeary","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R28-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300403","article-title":"Rehabilitation of the pitching shoulder.","volume":"13","author":"Pappas","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R29-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300402","article-title":"Biomechanics of baseball pitching: a preliminary report.","volume":"13","author":"Pappas","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R30-36-20210317","first-page":"322","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of vascular injuries in the shoulder girdle of the overhead athlete.","volume":"6","author":"Reeser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"R31-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(90)90071-H","article-title":"Axillary artery compression and thrombosis in throwing athletes.","volume":"11","author":"Rohrer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"R32-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199901)22:1<126::AID-MUS21>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Thoracic outlet syndrome is underdiagnosed.","volume":"22","author":"Roos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"R33-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2008.69.5.29356","article-title":"Thoracic outlet syndrome: an overview.","volume":"69","author":"Sadat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Hosp Med (Lond)"},{"key":"R34-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504264582","article-title":"Nerve injury about the shoulder in athletes, Part 1: suprascapular nerve and axillary nerve.","volume":"32","author":"Safran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R35-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504265193","article-title":"Nerve injury about the shoulder in athletes, Part 2: long thoracic nerve, spinal accessory nerve, burnersstingers, thoracic outlet syndrome.","volume":"32","author":"Safran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R36-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270031801","article-title":"An aneurysm involving the axillary artery and its branch vessels in a major league baseball pitcher: a case report and review of the literature.","volume":"27","author":"Schneider","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R37-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505284386","article-title":"Thoracic outlet syndrome in a competitive baseball player secondary to the anomalous insertion of an atrophic pectoralis minor muscle: a case report.","volume":"34","author":"Simovitch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"R38-36-20210317","first-page":"482","article-title":"Arteriopathy in the high-performance athlete.","volume":"33","author":"Takach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"R39-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(98)70097-7","article-title":"Aneurysms of the mid axillary artery in major league baseball pitchers: a report of two cases.","volume":"28","author":"Todd","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"R40-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9827","article-title":"Neurologic injuries in baseball players.","volume":"20","author":"Treihaft","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"key":"R41-36-20210317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197210000-00029","article-title":"Unusual lesions of the pitching arm.","volume":"88","author":"Tullos","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R42-36-20210317","first-page":"55","article-title":"Conservative treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome: a review of the literature.","volume":"43","author":"Vanti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eura Medicophys"}],"container-title":["Clinical Orthopaedics &amp; Related Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1007\/s11999-009-0962-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:02:35Z","timestamp":1786039355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003086-200910000-00036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-009-0962-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-921X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-921X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}}}