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In our study, endophytic<jats:italic>Alternaria alternata<\/jats:italic>was isolated from<jats:italic>Ziziphus spina-christi<\/jats:italic>and identified morphologically and genetically with accession number OM 331,682. Preliminary phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate (EA) crude extract of<jats:italic>A. alternata<\/jats:italic>revealed that this extract contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, and terpenoids. Moreover, the extract was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC\u2013MS) which verified the presence of numerous bioactive compounds. Antimicrobial results illustrated that EA crude extract exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>ATCC 11229,<jats:italic>Proteus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>RCMB 004,<jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>ATCC 27853, and<jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumonia<\/jats:italic>RCMB 003), Gram-positive bacteria (<jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>RCMB 015,<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25923, and<jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>ATCC 14990), and unicellular fungi (<jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>ATCC 90028). Ultrastructure study of treated<jats:italic>K. pneumonia<\/jats:italic>showed remarkably elucidated destruction of the cell wall and cell membrane and leakage of cytoplasmic materials. Furthermore, the extract has potential antioxidant activity where IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>was 409\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. Moreover, this extract did not show any toxicity on Vero normal cell line. These findings confirmed that the endophytic<jats:italic>A. alternata<\/jats:italic>from<jats:italic>Z. spina-christi<\/jats:italic>is a promising source of bioactive compounds which can be used in different biological applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-022-03959-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T06:02:39Z","timestamp":1652767359000},"page":"3984-4001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Promising Endophytic Alternaria alternata from Leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi: Phytochemical Analyses, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Rasha Y. 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