{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:56:10Z","timestamp":1786982170996,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,27]],"date-time":"2015-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol Trace Elem Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0571-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]],"date-time":"2015-11-26T20:12:07Z","timestamp":1448568727000},"page":"251-257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Heme Iron Release from Alginate Beads at In Vitro Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Carolina","family":"Valenzuela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valesca","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Sol","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Pizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"571_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.11.015","volume":"290","author":"A Anal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Anal A, Stevens W (2005) Chitosan\u2013alginate multilayer beads for controlled release of ampicillin. Int J Pharm 290:45\u201354","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"571_CR2","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemists","author":"AOAC","year":"1996","unstructured":"AOAC (1996) Official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemists, 16th edn. AOAC International, Gaithersburg","edition":"16th"},{"key":"571_CR3","first-page":"741","volume":"4","author":"K Aspuru","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aspuru K, Villa C, Bermejo F, Herrero P, Garc\u00eda S (2011) Optimal management of iron deficiency anemia due to poor dietary intake. Int J Gen Med 4:741\u2013750","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"571_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8652(200008)64:4<287::AID-AJH9>3.0.CO;2-L","volume":"64","author":"M Conrad","year":"2000","unstructured":"Conrad M, Umbreit J (2000) Iron absorption and transport-an update. Am J Hematol 64:287\u2013298","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"571_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.138651","volume":"141","author":"D Gait\u00e1n","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gait\u00e1n D, Flores S, Saavedra P, Miranda C, Olivares M, Arredondo M, Roma\u00f1a D, Lonnerdal B, Pizarro F (2011) Calcium does not inhibit the absorption of 5 milligrams of nonheme or heme iron at doses less than 800 milligrams in nonpregnant women. J Nutr 141:1652\u20131656","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"571_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2006.04.017","volume":"114","author":"M George","year":"2006","unstructured":"George M, Abraham E (2006) Polyionic hydrocolloids for the intestinal delivery of protein drugs: alginate and chitosan - a review. J Control Release 114:1\u201314","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"571_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.09.007","volume":"64","author":"W Gombotz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gombotz W, Wee S (2012) Protein release from alginate matrices. Adv Drug Deliver Rev 64:194\u2013205","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliver Rev"},{"key":"571_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2004.02.021","volume":"96","author":"F Gu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gu F, Amsden B, Neufeld R (2004) Sustained delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor with alginate beads. J Control Release 96:463\u2013472","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"571_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/53.1.112","volume":"53","author":"L Hallberg","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hallberg L, Brune M, Erlandsson M, Sandberg A, Rossander-Hulten L (1991) Calcium: effect of different amounts on nonheme- and heme iron absorption in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 53:112\u2013119","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"571_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19930053","volume":"69","author":"L Hallberg","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hallberg L, Rossander-Hulth\u00e9n L, Brune M, Gleerup A (1992) Inhibition of haem-iron absorption in man by calcium. Br J Nutr 69:533\u2013540","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"571_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6031080","volume":"6","author":"J Hooda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hooda J, Shah A, Zhang L (2014) Heme, an essential nutrient from dietary proteins, critically impacts diverse physiological and pathological processes. Nutrients 6:1080\u20131102","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"571_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1002\/app.1994.070510810","volume":"51","author":"M Huguet","year":"1994","unstructured":"Huguet M, Groboillot A, Neufeld R, Poncelet D, Dellacherie E (1994) Hemoglobin encapsulation in chitosan\/calcium alginate beads. J Appl Polym Sci 51:1427\u20131432","journal-title":"J Appl Polym Sci"},{"key":"571_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1991.tb14638.x","volume":"56","author":"L Jackson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Jackson L, Lee K (1991) Microencapsulated iron food fortification. J Food Sci 56:1047\u20131050","journal-title":"J Food Sci"},{"key":"571_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(92)90088-J","volume":"79","author":"C-K Kim","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kim C-K, Lee E-J (1992) The controlled release of blue dextran from alginate beads. Int J Pharm 79:11\u201319","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"571_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1006\/jfca.2002.1080","volume":"15","author":"R Kongkachuichai","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kongkachuichai R, Napatthalung P, Charoensiri R (2002) Heme and nonheme iron content of animal products commonly consumed in Thailand. J Food Compos Anal 15:389\u2013398","journal-title":"J Food Compos Anal"},{"key":"571_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2010.06.003","volume":"25","author":"Y Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li Y, Hub M, Du Y, Xiao H, McClements D (2011) Control of lipase digestibility of emulsified lipids by encapsulation within calcium alginate beads. Food Hydrocolloid 25:122\u2013130","journal-title":"Food Hydrocolloid"},{"key":"571_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(21)07902-5","volume":"88","author":"E Monsen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Monsen E (1988) Iron nutrition and absorption: dietary factors which impact iron bioavailability. J Am Diet Assoc 88:786\u2013790","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"571_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(93)90138-6","volume":"97","author":"T Ostberg","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ostberg T, Vesterhus L, Graffner C (1993) Calcium alginate matrices for oral multiple unit administration: II effect of process and formulation factors on matrix properties. Int J Pharm 97:183\u2013193","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"571_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-7822(98)00035-5","volume":"6","author":"C Ouwerx","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ouwerx C, Velings N, Mestdagh M, Axelos M (1998) Physicochemical properties and rheology of alginate gel beads formed with various divalent cations. Polym Gels Networks 6:393\u2013408","journal-title":"Polym Gels Networks"},{"key":"571_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.05.054","volume":"323","author":"G Pasparakis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pasparakis G, Bouropoulos N (2006) Swelling studies and in vitro release of verapamil from calcium alginate and calcium alginate\u2013chitosan beads. Int J Pharm 323:34\u201342","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"571_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2012.09.015","volume":"31","author":"N Perez-Moral","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perez-Moral N, Gonzalez M, Parker R (2013) Preparation of iron-loaded alginate gel beads and their release characteristics under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Food Hydrocolloid 31:114\u2013120","journal-title":"Food Hydrocolloid"},{"key":"571_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.10.012","volume":"196","author":"F Pizarro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pizarro F, Olivares M, Valenzuela C, Brito A, Weinborn V, Flores S, Arredondo M (2016) The effect of proteins from animal source foods on heme iron bioavailability in humans. Food Chem 196:733\u2013738","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"571_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2008.04.011","volume":"23","author":"P Rayment","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rayment P, Wright P, Hoad C, Ciampi E, Haydock D, Gowland P, Butler M (2009) Investigation of alginate beads for gastro-intestinal functionality, part 1: in vitro characterization. Food Hydrocolloid 23:816\u2013822","journal-title":"Food Hydrocolloid"},{"key":"571_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbbm.2003.11.003","volume":"58","author":"C Rebouche","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rebouche C, Wilcox C, Widness J (2004) Microanalysis of non-heme iron in animal tissues. J Biochem Biophys Methods 58:239\u2013251","journal-title":"J Biochem Biophys Methods"},{"key":"571_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(01)00943-7","volume":"233","author":"X Shu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shu X, Zhu K (2002) Controlled drug release properties of ionically cross-linked chitosan beads: the influence of anion structure. Int J Pharm 233:217\u2013225","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"571_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(86)90077-5","volume":"3","author":"A Stockwell","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stockwell A, Davis S, Walker S (1986) In vitro evaluation of alginate gel systems as sustained release drug delivery systems. J Control Release 3:167\u2013175","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"571_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-009-8400-3","volume":"132","author":"C Valenzuela","year":"2009","unstructured":"Valenzuela C, Roma\u00f1a D, Olivares M, Morales S, Pizarro F (2009) Total iron and heme iron content and their distribution in beef meat and viscera. Biol Trace Elem Res 132:103\u2013111","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"571_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2014.04.030","volume":"59","author":"C Valenzuela","year":"2014","unstructured":"Valenzuela C, Hern\u00e1ndez V, Morales S, Neira-Carrillo A, Pizarro F (2014) Preparation and characterization of heme iron-alginate beads. LWT-Food Sci Technol 59:1283\u20131289","journal-title":"LWT-Food Sci Technol"},{"key":"571_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.4101","volume":"14","author":"A West","year":"2008","unstructured":"West A, Oates P (2008) Mechanisms of heme iron absorption: current questions and controversies. World J Gastroenterol 14:4101\u20134110","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"571_CR30","volume-title":"Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993\u20132005","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2008) Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993\u20132005. WHO Global Database on Anaemia, Geneva"},{"key":"571_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-014-0143-0","volume":"162","author":"Z Xu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xu Z, Liu S, Wang H, Gao G, Yu P, Chang Y (2014) Encapsulation of iron in liposomes significantly improved the efficiency of iron supplementation in strenuously exercised rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 162:181\u2013188","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"571_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.06.078","volume":"454","author":"L Yuan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yuan L, Geng L, Ge L, Yu P, Duan X, Chen J, Chang Y (2013) Effect of iron liposomes on anemia of inflammation. Int J Pharm 454:82\u201389","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"571_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.74.6.453","volume":"74","author":"M Zimmermann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zimmermann M (2004) The potential of encapsulated iron compounds in food fortification: a review. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 74:453\u2013461","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"}],"container-title":["Biological Trace Element Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12011-015-0571-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12011-015-0571-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12011-015-0571-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T08:31:19Z","timestamp":1653640279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12011-015-0571-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,27]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-015-0571-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-4984","1559-0720"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-4984","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0720","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,27]]}}}