{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:40:53Z","timestamp":1791895253432,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002386","name":"Cairo University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol Trace Elem Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\u00a0<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are being utilized in different fields such as medicine, cosmetics, and foods. However, the causes and mechanisms underlying SiNP testicular damage remain largely unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate this issue. Thirty male rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910), 500\u00a0ppm SiNP\u2013treated group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910), and 1000\u00a0ppm SiNP\u2013treated group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910). SiNPs were given orally in drinking water for 30\u00a0days. Micronucleus assay was performed on blood RBCs. The concentrations of testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activity were measured. Moreover, the histopathological alterations and the expression of apoptotic (caspase-3) and pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers (iNOS) in testes and epididymis were analyzed and compared between the three groups. The results showed an increased level of micronucleus frequencies in the 1000\u00a0ppm\u2013treated group, as well as increased levels of MDA and decreased activity of CAT and GSH content in testicular tissues in the 1000\u00a0ppm\u2013treated group, suggesting DNA damage and oxidative stress mechanisms. Also, there were significant testicular histopathological alterations in this group. Furthermore, 1000-ppm SiNPs could enhance testicular apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress by increasing the expression of apoptotic, pro-inflammatory, and oxidative stress genes including caspase 3 and iNOS in the examined tissue. The lower concentration of SiNPs did not produce any significant biochemical, histopathological, or immunohistochemical alterations whereas 1000-ppm SiNPs resulted in significant testicular changes by exacerbating apoptotic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress\u2013mediated testicular damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-022-03280-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T18:02:56Z","timestamp":1654624976000},"page":"1816-1824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Silica Nanoparticle\u2013Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Albino Rats via Testicular Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"201","author":[{"given":"Rehab A.","family":"Azouz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2169-0317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reda M. 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