{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T19:47:32Z","timestamp":1787255252815,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beca Mart\u00ed i franqu\u00e9s URV"},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and European Regional Development Fund","award":["FIS PI20\/00443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS PI20\/00443"]}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and European Regional Development Fund","award":["FIS PI20\/00443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS PI20\/00443"]}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and European Regional Development Fund","award":["FIS PI20\/00443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS PI20\/00443"]}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and European Regional Development Fund","award":["FIS PI20\/00443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS PI20\/00443"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007512","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol Trace Elem Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is attributed to inflammatory processes that accelerate atherosclerosis. Therefore, the exploration of novel biomarkers association is needed. This study investigated the associations between serum trace elements (Fe, Zn, Mg, Se, and Sr) and surrogate markers of CVD in 219 RA patients and compared them with those with metabolic disorders (MetD, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200982) and control participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200964). Surrogate markers included carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), carotid plaque presence (cPP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), distensibility (DIST), and the augmentation index (AIx). RA patients displayed heightened inflammatory markers, increased arterial stiffness and thickness, and elevated CV risk factors. Compared with those in control participants, Se levels in RA patients were lower, regardless of sex. Women and men with RA had lower Sr and Mg levels than those with MetD, respectively. Backward regression models demonstrated inverse associations of Sr and Zn with cIMT in men with RA and those with MetD, respectively. In RA patients, Sr and Zn were predictors of an increased AIx, with sex-specific associations. Increased Fe levels were associated with an increased AIx in women with MetD. Fe and Zn were predictors of increased cIMT in control participants, with sex-specific associations. Serum trace elements are independently associated with surrogate markers of CVD in patients with RA, highlighting their potential role in CV risk assessment. Prospective studies are essential for validating these associations and establishing optimal trace element levels for managing CVD risk in patients with RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-024-04434-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T22:01:57Z","timestamp":1730325717000},"page":"3570-3584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Serum Levels of Trace Elements (Magnesium, Iron, Zinc, Selenium, and Strontium) are Differentially Associated with Surrogate Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"203","author":[{"given":"Enric","family":"Vera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan-Carles","family":"Vallv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vict\u00f2ria","family":"Linares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiana","family":"Ibarretxe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Montserrat","family":"Bell\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4434_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-012-0303-x","volume":"16","author":"DA Walsh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walsh DA, McWilliams DF (2012) Pain in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Pain Headache Rep 16(6):509\u2013517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11916-012-0303-x","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"4434_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24092","volume":"59","author":"JA Avi\u00f1a-Zubieta","year":"2008","unstructured":"Avi\u00f1a-Zubieta JA, Choi HK, Sadatsafavi M, Etminan M, Esdaile JM, Lacaille D (2008) Risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Arthritis Rheum 59(12):1690\u20131697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.24092","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"4434_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.12.004","volume":"161","author":"G Bj\u00f8rklunda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bj\u00f8rklunda G, Dadarb M, Aaseth J (2018) Delayed-type hypersensitivity to metals in connective tissue diseases and fibromyalgia. Environ Res 161:573\u2013579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2017.12.004","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4434_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k1036","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k1036","volume":"361","author":"BR England","year":"2018","unstructured":"England BR, Thiele GM, Anderson DR, Mikuls TR (2018) Increased cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms and implications. BMJ 361:k1036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k1036","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9","key":"4434_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9090899","volume":"9","author":"J Parada-Turska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parada-Turska J, W\u00f3jcicka G, Beltowski J (2020) Paraoxonase 1 phenotype and protein N-homocysteinylation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: implications for cardiovascular disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 9(9):899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox9090899","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-016-3638-5","volume":"37","author":"J Van der Hoek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van der Hoek J, Boshuizen HC, Roorda LD, Tijhuis GJ (2017) Mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a 15-year prospective cohort study. Rheumatol Int 37(4):487\u2013493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-016-3638-5","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"4434_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200726","volume":"71","author":"JA Avi\u00f1a-Zubieta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Avi\u00f1a-Zubieta JA, Thomas J, Sadatsafavi M, Lehman AJ, Lacaille D (2012) Risk of incident cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Ann Rheum Dis 71(9):1524\u20131529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200726","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac483","volume":"62","author":"D Llop","year":"2023","unstructured":"Llop D, Ibarretxe D, Plana N, Rosales R, Taverner D, Masana L, Vallv\u00e9 JC, Paredes S (2023) A panel of plasma microRNAs improves the assessment of surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 62(4):1677\u20131686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac483","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10056","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-13994-5","volume":"12","author":"V Chavoshi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chavoshi V, Barzin M, Ebadinejad A, Dehghan P, Moghaddam AM, Mahdavi M, Hadaegh F, Niroomand M, Valizadeh M, Azizi F, Mirmiran P, Hosseinpanah F (2022) Association of ideal cardiovascular health with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in a young adult population. Sci Rep 12(1):10056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-13994-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2008.09.005","volume":"20","author":"C Tanasescu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tanasescu C, Jurcut C, Jurcut R, Ginghina C (2009) Vascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis: from subclinical lesions to cardiovascular risk. Eur J of Intern Med 20(4):348\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2008.09.005","journal-title":"Eur J of Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4543","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41069-5","volume":"9","author":"D Taverner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Taverner D, Paredes S, Ferr\u00e9 R, Masana L, Castro A, Vallv\u00e9 JC (2019) Assessment of arterial stiffness variables in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a mediation analysis. Sci Rep 9(1):4543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-41069-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95234-w","volume":"11","author":"D Taverner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taverner D, Llop D, Rosales R, Ferr\u00e9 R, Masana L, Vallv\u00e9 JC, Paredes S (2021) Plasma expression of microRNA-425-5p and microRNA-451a as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Sci Rep 11(1):15670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-95234-w","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4434_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2023.127160","volume":"78","author":"M Marqu\u00e8s","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marqu\u00e8s M, Iftimie S, Camps J, Joven J, Domingo JL (2023) The concentrations of essential\/toxic elements in serum of COVID-19 patients are not directly related to the severity of the disease. J Trace Elem Med Biol 78:127160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2023.127160","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"4434_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.10.022","volume":"168","author":"CM Bulka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bulka CM, Persky VW, Daviglus ML, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Argos M (2019) Multiple metal exposures and metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011\u20132014. Environ Res 168:397\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2018.10.022","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12041181","volume":"12","author":"PC Calder","year":"2020","unstructured":"Calder PC, Carr AC, Gombat AF, Eggersdorfer M (2020) Optimal nutritional status for a well-functioning immune system is an important factor to protect against viral infections. Nutrients 12(4):1181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12041181","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11020378","volume":"11","author":"WW Cheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheng WW, Zhu Q, Zhang HY (2019) Mineral nutrition and the risk of chronic diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. Nutrients 11(2):378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11020378","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4434_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2015.03.020","volume":"140","author":"K Christensen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Christensen K, Werner M, Malecki K (2015) Serum selenium and lipid levels: associations observed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011\u20132012. Environ Res 140:76\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2015.03.020","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4434_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2018.02.023","volume":"48","author":"F Luciano-Mateo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luciano-Mateo F, Cabr\u00e9 N, Nadal M, Garc\u00eda-Heredia A, Baiges-Gaya G, Her\u00e1ndez-Aguilera A, Camps J, Joven J, Domingo JL (2018) Serum concentrations of trace elements and their relationships with paraoxonase-1 in morbidity obese women. J Trace Elem Med Biol 48:8\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2018.02.023","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"4434_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mateo D, Marqu\u00e8s M, Torrente M (2023) Metals linked with the most prevalent primary neurodegenerative dementias in the elderly: a narrative review. Environ Res 116722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116722"},{"issue":"19","key":"4434_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4440","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25194440","volume":"25","author":"H Robberecht","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robberecht H, Verlaet AAJ, Breynaert A, De Bruyne T, Hermans N (2020) Magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and selenium status in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Molecules 25(19):4440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules25194440","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"4434_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111028","volume":"197","author":"I Salcedo-Bellido","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salcedo-Bellido I, Guti\u00e9rrez-Gonz\u00e1lez E, Garc\u00eda-Esquinas E, Fern\u00e1ndez de Larrea-Baz N, Navas-Acien A, T\u00e9llez-Plaza M, Pastor-Barriuso R, Lope V, G\u00e7omez-Ariza JL, Garc\u00eda-Barrera T, Poll\u00e1n M, Jim\u00e9nez-Mole\u00f3n JJ, P\u00e9rez-G\u00f3mez B (2021) Toxic metals in toenails as biomarkers of exposure: a review. Environ Res 197:111028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111028","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4434_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2018.04.014","volume":"26","author":"T Suzuki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suzuki T, Nakamura Y, Kato H (2018) Determination of serum bone-related minerals during denosumab treatment in osteoporosis patients with rheumatoid arthritis Mineral change by denosumab in osteoporosis with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 26:53\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2018.04.014","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"BC01","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2015\/12206.5740","volume":"9","author":"VU Chavan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chavan VU, Ramavataram DVSS, Patel PA, Rupani MP (2015) Evaluation of serum magnesium, lipid profile and various biochemical parameters as risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Diagn Res 9(4):BC01\u2013BC05. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2015\/12206.5740","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010053","volume":"13","author":"T Frangos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Frangos T, Maret W (2020) Zinc and cadmium in the aetiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Nutrients 13(1):53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13010053","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7708","DOI":"10.4081\/hr.2019.7708","volume":"11","author":"W Khalaf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khalaf W, Al-Rubaie HA, Shihab S (2019) Studying anemia of chronic disease and iron deficiency in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by iron status and circulating hepcidin. Hematol Rep 11(1):7708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/hr.2019.7708","journal-title":"Hematol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1515\/folmed-2017-0068","volume":"60","author":"KI Stefanova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stefanova KI, Delcheva GT, Maneva AI, Batalov AZ, Geneva-Popova MG, Karalilova RV, Simitchiev KK (2018) Pathobiochemical mechanisms relating iron homeostasis with parameters of inflammatory activity and autoimmune disorders in rheumatoid arthritis. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 60(1):124\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/folmed-2017-0068","journal-title":"Folia Med (Plovdiv)"},{"key":"4434_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2019.07.007","volume":"56","author":"M Yubo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yubo M, Xu Z, Dazhi F, Qing X, Mengmeng W, Faming P (2019) Common trace metals in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 56:81\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2019.07.007","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"4434_CR28","unstructured":"Di Bernando ML, Salazar JG, de Burguera MP, Luna JR, Hern\u00e1ndez Y, Alarc\u00f3n O, Morales A, Garc\u00eda MY (2006) Cuantificaci\u00f3n y evaluaci\u00f3n de calcio, magnesio, estroncio, cobre, zinc y hierro en muestras \u00f3seas y suero sangu\u00edneo de pacientes con artrosis. Vitae academia biom\u00e9dica digiltal, (29). https:\/\/www.vitae.ucv.ve\/?module=articulo&rv=14&n=296"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1385\/BTER:106:2:123","volume":"106","author":"M Yazar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yazar M, Sarban S, Kocyigit A, Isikan UE (2005) Synovial fluid and plasma selenium, copper, zinc, and iron concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Biol Trace Elem Res 106(2):123\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/BTER:106:2:123","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"4434_CR30","first-page":"420","volume":"29","author":"YE Cort\u00e9s","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cort\u00e9s YE, Moses L (2007) Magnesium disturbances in critically ill patients. Compend Contin Educ Vet 29(7):420\u2013427","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Vet"},{"issue":"11","key":"4434_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e039640","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039640","volume":"10","author":"C Hu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hu C, Zhu F, Liu L, Zhang M, Chen G (2020) Relationship between dietary magnesium intake and rheumatoid arthritis in US women: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 10(11):e039640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-039640","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.11.008","volume":"14","author":"P Bonaventura","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bonaventura P, Benedetti G, Albar\u00e8de F, Miossec P (2015) Zinc and its role in immunity and inflammation. Autoimmun Rev 14(4):277\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.11.008","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"4434_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2018.05.001","volume":"49","author":"G Deyab","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deyab G, Hokstad I, Aaseth J, Sm\u00e5stuen MC, Whist JE, Agewall S, Lybergm T, Tveiten D, Hjeltnes G, Zibara K, Hollan I (2018) Effect of anti-rheumatic treatment on selenium levels in inflammatory arthritis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 49:91\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2018.05.001","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4434_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3007","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12103007","volume":"12","author":"FJ Turrubiates-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Turrubiates-Hern\u00e1ndez FJ, M\u00e1rquez-Sandoval YF, Gonz\u00e1lez-Estevez G, Reyes-Castillo Z, Mu\u00f1oz-Valle JF (2020) The relevance of selenium status in rheumatoid arthritis. Nutrients 12(10):3007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12103007","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-022-03148-z","volume":"201","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang H, Zhang R, Shen J, Jin Y, Chang C, Hong M, Guo S, He D (2023) Circulating level of blood iron and copper associated with inflammation and disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. Biol Trace Elem Res 201(1):90\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-022-03148-z","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4434_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0193690","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193690","volume":"13","author":"D Taverner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Taverner D, Vallv\u00e9 JC, Ferr\u00e9 R, Paredes S, Masana L, Castro A (2018) Variables associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients: sex-specific associations and differential effects of disease activity and age. PLoS ONE 13(3):e0193690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0193690","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1159\/000343145","volume":"34","author":"PJ Touboul","year":"2011","unstructured":"Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S, Adams H, Amarenco P, Bornstein N (2011) Woo KS (2012) Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004\u20132006\u20132011) An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany. Cerebrovasc Dis 34(4):290\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000343145","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"652","key":"4434_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1922.0022","volume":"93","author":"JC Bramwell","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bramwell JC, Hill AV (1992) The velocity of the pulse wave in man. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 93(652):298\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.1922.0022","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"4434_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200106000-00007","volume":"19","author":"LM Van Bortel","year":"2001","unstructured":"Van Bortel LM, Balkestein EJ, van der Heijden-Spek JJ, Vanmolkot FH, Staessen JA, Kragten JA, Vredeveld JW, Safar ME, Struijker Boudierm HA, Hoeks AP (2001) Non-invasive assessment of local arterial pulse pressure: comparison of applanation tonometry and echo-tracking. J Hypertens 19(6):1037\u20131044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004872-200106000-00007","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"10","key":"4434_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000655","volume":"33","author":"J Bossuyt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bossuyt J, Engelen L, Ferreira I, Stehouwer CD, Boutouyrie P, Laurent S, Segers P, Reesink K, Van Bortel LM, Reference values for arterial measurements collaboration (2015) Reference values for local arterial stiffness. Part B: femoral artery. J Hypertens 33(10):1997\u20132009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000655","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"10","key":"4434_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000654","volume":"33","author":"L Engelen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Engelen L, Bossuyt J, Ferreira I, van Bortel LM, Reesink KD, Segers P, Stehouwer CD, Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, Reference values for arterial measurements collaboration (2015) Reference values for local arterial stiffness. Part A: carotid artery. J Hypertens 33(10):1981\u20131996. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000654","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"4434_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2010.192","volume":"24","author":"A Adji","year":"2011","unstructured":"Adji A, O\u2019Rourke MF, Namasivayam M (2011) Arterial stiffness, its assessment, prognostic value, and implications for treatment. Am J Hypertens 24:5\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ajh.2010.192","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"6","key":"4434_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty710","volume":"35","author":"L Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi L, Westerhuis JA, Ros\u00e9n J, Landberg R, Brunius C (2019) Variable selection and validation in multivariate modelling. Bioinformatics 35(6):972\u2013980. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty710","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"5","key":"4434_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1160\/TH14-11-0921","volume":"113","author":"P Ambrosino","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ambrosino P, Lupoli R, Di Minno A, Tasso M, Peluso R, Ni Minno MND (2015) Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A meta-analysis of literature studies. Thromb Haemost 113(5):916\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1160\/TH14-11-0921","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"4434_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/14017431.2017.1343493","volume":"51","author":"AN Aslan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aslan AN, \u00d6zcan ANS, Erten \u015e, Alsancak Y, Durmaz T (2017) Assessment of local carotid stiffness in seronegative and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Scand Cardiovasc J 51(5):255\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14017431.2017.1343493","journal-title":"Scand Cardiovasc J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000077","volume":"24","author":"M Carpenter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carpenter M, Sinclair H, Kunadian V (2016) Carotid intima media thickness and its utility as a predictor of cardiovascular disease: a review of evidence. Cardiol Rev 24(2):70\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000077","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"4434_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109396","volume":"184","author":"NM Niehoff","year":"2020","unstructured":"Niehoff NM, Keil AP, O\u2019Brien KM, Jackson BP, Karagas MR, Weinberg CR, White AJ (2020) Metals and trace elements in relation to body mass index in a prospective study of US women. Environ Res 184:109396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109396","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4434_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-949","volume":"19","author":"AN\u015e \u00d6zcan","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u00d6zcan AN\u015e, Aslan AN, \u00dcnal \u00d6, Ercan K, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u015fahin O (2017) A novel ultrasound-based technique to establish a correlation between disease activity and local carotid stiffness parameters in rheumatoid arthritis. Med Ultrason 19(3):288\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11152\/mu-949","journal-title":"Med Ultrason"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12947-018-0136-9","volume":"16","author":"B Targo\u0144ska-St\u0119pniak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Targo\u0144ska-St\u0119pniak B, Piotrowski M, Zwolak R, Drelich-Zbroja A, Majdan M (2018) Prospective assessment of cardiovascular risk parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 16(1):18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12947-018-0136-9","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1177\/02601060211015594","volume":"28","author":"GBS Duarte","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duarte GBS, Callou KRA, Almondes KGS, Rogero MM, Pollak DF, Cozzolino SMF (2022) Evaluation of biomarkers related to zinc nutritional status, antioxidant activity and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Nutr Health 28(2):257\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02601060211015594","journal-title":"Nutr Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-020-02142-7","volume":"199","author":"DC Das","year":"2021","unstructured":"Das DC, Jahan I, Uddin MG, Hossain MM, Chowdhury MAZ, Fardous Z, Rahman MM (2021) Serum CRP, MDA, vitamin C, and trace elements in Bangladeshi patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Biol Trace Elem Res 199(1):76\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-020-02142-7","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"4434_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127122","volume":"76","author":"T Guan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guan T, Wu Z, Xu C, Su GJ (2023) The association of trace elements with arthritis in US adults: NHANES 2013\u20132016. Trace Elem Med Biol 76:127122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127122","journal-title":"Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0501-6","volume":"171","author":"M Sahebari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sahebari M, Ayati R, Mirzaei H, Sahebkar A, Hejazi S, Saghafi M, Saadati N, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M (2016) Serum trace element concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis. Biol Trace Elem Res 171(2):237\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-015-0501-6","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-016-0746-8","volume":"175","author":"Z Ullah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ullah Z, Ullah MI, Hussain S, Kaul H, Lone KP (2017) Determination of serum trace elements (Zn, Cu, and Fe) in Pakistani patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Biol Trace Elem Res 175(1):10\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-016-0746-8","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"4434_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2018.25","volume":"39","author":"S Choi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Choi S, Liu X, Pan Z (2018) Zinc deficiency and cellular oxidative stress: prognostic implications in cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 39(7):1120\u20131132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/aps.2018.25","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"issue":"5","key":"4434_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051680","volume":"13","author":"S Nakatani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nakatani S, Mori K, Shoji T, Emoto M (2021) Association of zinc deficiency with development of CVD events in patients with CKD. Nutrients 13(5):1680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13051680","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"4434_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3361","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9103361","volume":"9","author":"P Fardellone","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fardellone P, Salawati E, Le Monnier L, Go\u00ebb V (2020) Bone loss, osteoporosis, and fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a review. J Clin Med 9(10):3361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9103361","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4434_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0721-8","volume":"53","author":"M Atteritano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Atteritano M, Catalano A, Santoro D, Lasco A, Benvenga S (2016) Effects of strontium ranelate on markers of cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Endocrine 53:305\u2013312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-015-0721-8","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"3","key":"4434_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-01799-x","volume":"33","author":"EM Curtis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Curtis EM, Cooper C, Harvey NC (2021) Cardiovascular safety of calcium, magnesium and strontium: what does the evidence say? Aging Clin Exp Res 33(3):479\u2013494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-021-01799-x","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.01.031","volume":"196","author":"MF Engberink","year":"2008","unstructured":"Engberink MF, Geleijnse JM, Durga J, Swinkels DW, de Kort WLAM, Schouten EG, Verhoef P (2008) Blood donation, body iron status and carotid intima-media thickness. Atherosclerosis 196(2):856\u2013862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.01.031","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2016.09.031","volume":"117","author":"B Hosseini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hosseini B, Saedisomeolia A, Skilton MR (2017) Association between micronutrients intake\/status and carotid intima media thickness: a systematic review. J Acad Nutr Diet 117(1):69\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jand.2016.09.031","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"10","key":"4434_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3300","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.96.10.3300","volume":"96","author":"S Kiechl","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kiechl S, Willeit J, Egger G, Poewe W, Oberhollenzer F (1997) Body iron stores and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis: prospective results from the Bruneck study. Circulation 96(10):3300\u20133307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.96.10.3300","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"4434_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117493","volume":"141","author":"M Moore","year":"1995","unstructured":"Moore M, Folsom AR, Barnes RW, Eckfeldt (1995) No association between serum ferritin and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Am J Epidemiol 141(8):719\u2013723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117493","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4434_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.50.6.376","volume":"50","author":"JR O\u2019Dell","year":"1991","unstructured":"O\u2019Dell JR, Lemley-Gillespie S, Palmer WR, Weaver AL, Moore GF, Klassen LW (1991) Serum selenium concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 50(6):376\u2013378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.50.6.376","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"30","key":"4434_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4635","DOI":"10.2174\/092986711797379249","volume":"18","author":"C Sanmartin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sanmartin C, Plano D, Font M, Palop JA (2011) Selenium and clinical trials: new therapeutic evidence for multiple diseases. Curr Med Chem 18(30):4635\u20134650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/092986711797379249","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"4434_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061894","volume":"12","author":"Q Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun Q, Hackler J, Hilger J, Gluschke H, Muric A, Simmons S, Schomburg L, Siegert E (2020) Selenium and copper as biomarkers for pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis. Nutrients 12(6):1894. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12061894","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0558-2","volume":"172","author":"N Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu N, Han F, Lin XJ, Tang C, Ye JH, Cai XY (2016) The association between serum selenium levels with rheumatoid arthritis. Biol Trace Elem Res 172(1):46\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-015-0558-2","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.4.762","volume":"84","author":"G Flores-Mateo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Flores-Mateo G, Navas-Acien A, Pastor-Barriuso R, Guallar E (2006) Selenium and coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 84(4):762\u2013773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/84.4.762","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01355-x","volume":"20","author":"MM Bastola","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bastola MM, Locatis C, Maisiak R, Fontelo P (2020) Selenium, copper, zinc and hypertension: an analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011\u20132016). BMC Cardiovasc Disord 20(1):45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01355-x","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11020477","volume":"11","author":"CW Lu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu CW, Chang HH, Yang KC, Chiang CH, Yao CA, Huang K-C (2019) Gender differences with dose\u2212response relationship between serum selenium levels and metabolic syndrome-a case-control study. Nutrients 11(2):477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11020477","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4434_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Retondario A, Fernandes R, Rockenbach G, Alves M de A, Bricarello LP, de Moraes Trindade EBS, de Vasconcelos, F de AG (2019) Selenium intake and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review. Clin Nutr 38(2):603-614https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.02.021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.02.021"},{"issue":"1","key":"4434_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2258-y","volume":"19","author":"M Jamilian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jamilian M, Mirhosseini N, Eslahi M, Bahmani F, Shokrpour M, Chamani M, Asemi Z (2019) The effects of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 19(1):107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-019-2258-y","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"4A","key":"4434_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10B","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9149(01)02327-x","volume":"89","author":"JD Spence","year":"2002","unstructured":"Spence JD (2002) Ultrasound measurement of carotid plaque as a surrogate outcome for coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 89(4A):10B-15B. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9149(01)02327-x","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.173609","volume":"30","author":"AV Finn","year":"2010","unstructured":"Finn AV, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R (2010) Correlation between carotid intimal\/medial thickness and atherosclerosis: a point of view from pathology. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30(2):177\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.173609","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4434_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1080\/14017431.2018.1453943","volume":"52","author":"P Anyfanti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anyfanti P, Triantafyllou A, Gkaliagkousi E, Koletsos N, Aslanidis S, Douma S (2018) Association of non-invasive hemodynamics with arterial stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand Cardiovasc J 52(4):171\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14017431.2018.1453943","journal-title":"Scand Cardiovasc J"},{"issue":"5","key":"4434_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.5.414","volume":"62","author":"R Klocke","year":"2003","unstructured":"Klocke R, Cockcroft JR, Taylor GJ, Hall IR, Blake DR (2003) Arterial stiffness and central blood pressure, as determined by pulse wave analysis, in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 62(5):414\u2013418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.62.5.414","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"4434_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh607","volume":"44","author":"C Turesson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Turesson C, Jacobsson L, Ryden Ahlgren A, Sturfelt G, Wollmer P, Lanne T (2005) Increased stiffness of the abdominal aorta in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44(7):896\u2013901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh607","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4434_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/08037051.2016.1232586","volume":"26","author":"A Dzie\u017ca-Grudnik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dzie\u017ca-Grudnik A, Sulicka J, Strach M, Siga O, Klimek E, Korkosz M, Grodzicki T (2017) Arterial stiffness is not increased in patients with short duration rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Blood Press 26(2):115\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08037051.2016.1232586","journal-title":"Blood Press"}],"container-title":["Biological Trace Element Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12011-024-04434-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12011-024-04434-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12011-024-04434-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T03:06:15Z","timestamp":1750129575000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12011-024-04434-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["4434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-024-04434-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0720"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0720","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Sant Joan de Reus (patients with RA: 11\u201304-28\/4proj5, control participants and patients with metabolic disorders: CEIm: 222\/2020). The study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of our institution and the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"All participants provided written informed consent.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}