{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:44:33Z","timestamp":1790192673261,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol Trace Elem Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-025-04562-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T03:26:49Z","timestamp":1741404409000},"page":"5262-5280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Toxicological Alterations Induced by Subacute Exposure of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles in Aged Rats: Behavioral, Biochemical, Molecular, and Histopathological Evidence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"203","author":[{"given":"Khadija","family":"Boukholda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awatef","family":"Elwej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdelkodous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahma","family":"Ammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrine Ben","family":"Slimen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd L.","family":"Fiebich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mich\u00e8le","family":"Bouchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamadi","family":"Fetoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yassine","family":"Chtourou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"4562_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.2174\/2211738511666230602143628","volume":"12","author":"TD Sunena","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sunena TD, Jawla S (2024) Neurotoxic effects of nanoparticles and their pathogenesis. Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology 12:32\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/2211738511666230602143628","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology"},{"key":"4562_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1080\/17435390.2020.1834634","volume":"14","author":"F Boccuni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boccuni F, Ferrante R, Tombolini F et al (2020) Occupational exposure to graphene and silica nanoparticles. Part I: Workplace measurements and samplings. Nanotoxicology 14:1280\u20131300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17435390.2020.1834634","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"4562_CR3","unstructured":"Sharma A, Feng L, Muresanu DF, et al (2021) Manganese nanoparticles induce blood-brain barrier disruption, cerebral blood flow reduction, edema formation and brain pathology associated with cognitive and motor dysfunctions. In: Sharma HS, Sharma A (eds) Progress in Brain Research. Elsevier, pp 127\u2013148"},{"key":"4562_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sonwani S, Madaan S, Arora J, et al (2021) Inhalation exposure to atmospheric nanoparticles and its associated impacts on human health: A review. Front Sustain Cities 3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frsc.2021.690444","DOI":"10.3389\/frsc.2021.690444"},{"key":"4562_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7267","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137267","volume":"23","author":"RJ Ward","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ward RJ, Dexter DT, Crichton RR (2022) Iron, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 23:7267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23137267","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4562_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10010007","volume":"10","author":"EM Mohamed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohamed EM, Kattaia AAA, Abdul-Maksoud RS, Abd El-Baset SA (2021) Cellular, molecular and biochemical impacts of silver nanoparticles on rat cerebellar cortex. Cells 10:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10010007","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"4562_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2019.103294","volume":"73","author":"IA Adedara","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adedara IA, Adegbosin AN, Abiola MA et al (2020) Neurobehavioural and biochemical responses associated with exposure to binary waterborne mixtures of zinc and nickel in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 73:103294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.etap.2019.103294","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"4562_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4382","volume":"43","author":"M Shang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shang M, Tang M, Xue Y (2023) Neurodevelopmental toxicity induced by airborne particulate matter. J Appl Toxicol 43:167\u2013185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jat.4382","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"4562_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9030","volume":"114","author":"A Elder","year":"2006","unstructured":"Elder A, Gelein R, Silva V et al (2006) Translocation of inhaled ultrafine manganese oxide particles to the central nervous system. Environ Health Perspect 114:1172\u20131178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.9030","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"4562_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.impact.2021.100358","volume":"24","author":"K Boukholda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boukholda K, Gargouri B, Aouey B et al (2021) Subacute silica nanoparticle exposure induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rat hippocampus combined with disruption of cholinergic system and behavioral functions. NanoImpact 24:100358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.impact.2021.100358","journal-title":"NanoImpact"},{"key":"4562_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2008.09.014","volume":"254","author":"J Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang J, Liu Y, Jiao F et al (2008) Time-dependent translocation and potential impairment on central nervous system by intranasally instilled TiO2 nanoparticles. Toxicology 254:82\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2008.09.014","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"4562_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3390\/ma11020270","volume":"11","author":"R Poupot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poupot R, Bergozza D, Fruchon S (2018) Nanoparticle-based strategies to treat neuro-inflammation Materials 11:270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma11020270","journal-title":"Nanoparticle-based strategies to treat neuro-inflammation Materials"},{"key":"4562_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2017.07.004","volume":"13","author":"AT Khalil","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khalil AT, Ovais M, Ullah I et al (2020) Physical properties, biological applications and biocompatibility studies on biosynthesized single phase cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles via Sageretia thea (Osbeck.). Arab J Chem 13:606\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arabjc.2017.07.004","journal-title":"Arab J Chem"},{"key":"4562_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.06.851","volume":"189","author":"E Papis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Papis E, Rossi F, Raspanti M et al (2009) Engineered cobalt oxide nanoparticles readily enter cells. Toxicol Lett 189:253\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.06.851","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"4562_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anderson D, Anderson T, Fahmi F (2019) Advances in applications of metal oxide nanomaterials as imaging contrast agents. Physica Status Solidi (a) 216(16):1801008.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssa.201801008","DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.201801008"},{"key":"4562_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.012","volume":"533","author":"M De Boeck","year":"2003","unstructured":"De Boeck M, Kirsch-Volders M, Lison D (2003) Cobalt and antimony: Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Mutation Research\/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 533:135\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.012","journal-title":"Mutation Research\/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis"},{"key":"4562_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.10.619","volume":"58","author":"D Lison","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lison D, Boeck MD, Verougstraete V, Kirsch-Volders M (2001) Update on the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobalt compounds. Occup Environ Med 58:619\u2013625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.58.10.619","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"4562_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2013.12.015","volume":"55","author":"X-B Gong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gong X-B, You S-J, Wang X-H et al (2014) A novel stainless steel mesh\/cobalt oxide hybrid electrode for efficient catalysis of oxygen reduction in a microbial fuel cell. Biosens Bioelectron 55:237\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bios.2013.12.015","journal-title":"Biosens Bioelectron"},{"key":"4562_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2017.09.012","volume":"56","author":"CO Asweto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Asweto CO, Wu J, Alzain MA et al (2017) Cellular pathways involved in silica nanoparticles induced apoptosis: A systematic review of in vitro studies. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 56:191\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.etap.2017.09.012","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"4562_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics5040029","volume":"5","author":"V De Matteis","year":"2017","unstructured":"De Matteis V (2017) Exposure to inorganic nanoparticles: Routes of entry, immune response, biodistribution and in vitro\/in vivo toxicity evaluation. Toxics 5:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxics5040029","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"4562_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.01.017","volume":"108","author":"M Abudayyak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abudayyak M, Guzel E, \u00d6zhan G (2017) Nickel oxide nanoparticles are highly toxic to SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Neurochem Int 108:7\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.01.017","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"4562_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2022-024","volume":"82","author":"C Tano\u011flu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tano\u011flu C, Ersoy A, \u00c7oban T et al (2022) The effect of taxifolin on oxidative sciatic nerve damage induced by cobalt chloride in rats: A biochemical and histopathological evaluation. Acta Neurobiol Exp 82:254\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55782\/ane-2022-024","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp"},{"key":"4562_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2009.0021","volume":"6","author":"AI Guildford","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guildford AI, Poletti T, Osbourne LH et al (2009) Nanoparticles of a different source induce different patterns of activation in key biochemical and cellular components of the host response. J R Soc Interface 6:1213\u20131221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsif.2009.0021","journal-title":"J R Soc Interface"},{"key":"4562_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00576-10","volume":"31","author":"S Ramadoss","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramadoss S, Li J, Ding X et al (2011) Transducin \u03b2-like protein 1 recruits nuclear factor \u03baB to the target gene promoter for transcriptional activation. Mol Cell Biol 31:924\u2013934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/MCB.00576-10","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"4562_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2012.656","volume":"4","author":"R Magaye","year":"2012","unstructured":"Magaye R, Zhao J, Bowman L, Ding M (2012) Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobalt-, nickel- and copper-based nanoparticles (review). Exp Ther Med 4:551\u2013561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2012.656","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"4562_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3109\/10408449009029330","volume":"20","author":"AA Jensen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jensen AA, Tuchsen F (1990) Cobalt exposure and cancer risk. Crit Rev Toxicol 20:427\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/10408449009029330","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"4562_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-11-3","volume":"11","author":"LM Sargent","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sargent LM, Porter DW, Staska LM et al (2014) Promotion of lung adenocarcinoma following inhalation exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Part Fibre Toxicol 11:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-8977-11-3","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"4562_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.024","volume":"118","author":"M Nouri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nouri M, Esfahanizadeh N, Shahpar MG et al (2018) Cobalt oxide nanoparticles mediate tau denaturation and cytotoxicity against PC-12 cell line. Int J Biol Macromol 118:1763\u20131772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.024","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"4562_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3538","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-023-03965-w","volume":"202","author":"DN Ajibo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ajibo DN, Orish CN, Ruggieri F et al (2024) An update overview on mechanistic data and biomarker levels in cobalt and chromium-induced neurodegenerative diseases. Biol Trace Elem Res 202:3538\u20133564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-023-03965-w","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"4562_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/17458080.2018.1475759","volume":"13","author":"S Akhtar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akhtar S, Saba S, Rehman S et al (2018) Microemulsion-based synthesis of strontium hexaferrite cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles and their biocompatibility in albino mice. J Exp Nanosci 13:199\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17458080.2018.1475759","journal-title":"J Exp Nanosci"},{"key":"4562_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5415","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.0c01806","volume":"20","author":"P Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao P, Le Z, Liu L, Chen Y (2020) Therapeutic delivery to the brain via the lymphatic vasculature. Nano Lett 20:5415\u20135420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.nanolett.0c01806","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"4562_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2018.08.004","volume":"120","author":"B Gargouri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gargouri B, Yousif NM, Attaai A et al (2018) Pyrethroid bifenthrin induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal damage, associated with cognitive and memory impairment in murine hippocampus. Neurochem Int 120:121\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2018.08.004","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"4562_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-020-00229-6","volume":"39","author":"C de Mello-Sampayo","year":"2021","unstructured":"de Mello-Sampayo C, Vaz AR, Henriques SC et al (2021) Designer cathinones N-ethylhexedrone and buphedrone show different in vitro neurotoxicity and mice behaviour impairment. Neurotox Res 39:392\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12640-020-00229-6","journal-title":"Neurotox Res"},{"key":"4562_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-011-0430-z","volume":"13","author":"M Antunes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Antunes M, Biala G (2012) The novel object recognition memory: Neurobiology, test procedure, and its modifications. Cogn Process 13:93\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10339-011-0430-z","journal-title":"Cogn Process"},{"key":"4562_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Denninger JK, Smith BM, Kirby ED (2018) Novel object recognition and object location behavioral testing in mice on a budget. Journal of visualized experiments\u202f: JoVE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/58593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/58593","DOI":"10.3791\/58593"},{"key":"4562_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Can A, Dao DT, Terrillion CE, et al (2012) The tail suspension test. Journal of Visualized Experiments\u202f: JoVE 3769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/3769","DOI":"10.3791\/3769"},{"key":"4562_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-004-2048-7","volume":"177","author":"B Petit-Demouliere","year":"2005","unstructured":"Petit-Demouliere B, Chenu F, Bourin M (2005) Forced swimming test in mice: A review of antidepressant activity. Psychopharmacology 177:245\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-004-2048-7","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"4562_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1080\/00021369.1974.10861178","volume":"38","author":"K Asada","year":"1974","unstructured":"Asada K, Takahashi M, Nagate M (1974) Assay and inhibitors of spinach superoxide dismutase. Agric Biol Chem 38:471\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00021369.1974.10861178","journal-title":"Agric Biol Chem"},{"key":"4562_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Floh\u00e9 L, G\u00fcnzler WA (1984) Assays of glutathione peroxidase. In: Methods in enzymology, vol 105. Academic Press,\u00a0pp 114\u2013120","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05015-1"},{"key":"4562_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aebi H (1984) Catalase in vitro. In: Methods in enzymology. Academic Press, pp 121\u2013126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3"},{"key":"4562_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson ME (1985) Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in biological samples. In: Methods in enzymology. Academic Press, pp 548\u2013555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(85)13073-9"},{"key":"4562_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pcp.a078515","volume":"34","author":"OT Del Longo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Del Longo OT, Gonz\u00e1lez CA, Pastori GM, Trippi VS (1993) Antioxidant defences under hyperoxygenic and hyperosmotic conditions in leaves of two lines of maize with differential sensitivity to drought. Plant Cell Physiol 34:1023\u20131028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pcp.a078515","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol"},{"key":"4562_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3054.1996.tb00485.x","volume":"97","author":"C Bailly","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bailly C, Benamar A, Corbineau F, Come D (1996) Changes in malondialdehyde content and in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities in sunflower seeds as related to deterioration during accelerated aging. Physiol Plant 97:104\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-3054.1996.tb00485.x","journal-title":"Physiol Plant"},{"key":"4562_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reznick AZ, Packer L (1994) Oxidative damage to proteins: spectrophotometric method for carbonyl assay. In Methods in enzymology, vol 233. Academic press, pp. 357\u2013363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33041-7"},{"key":"4562_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.1860060110","volume":"6","author":"V Witko","year":"1992","unstructured":"Witko V, Nguyen AT, Descamps-Latscha B (1992) Microtiter plate assay for phagocyte-derived Taurine-chloramines. J Clin Lab Anal 6:47\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.1860060110","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"4562_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90118-X","volume":"126","author":"LC Green","year":"1982","unstructured":"Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J et al (1982) Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N] nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 126:131\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90118-X","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"4562_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","volume":"72","author":"MM Bradford","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"4562_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1142\/S2010194512003170","volume":"06","author":"PN Shelke","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shelke PN, Khollam YB, Pabrekar PN et al (2012) Synthesis and characterization of Co3O4 powders for humidity sensing. Int J Mod Phys Conf Ser 06:197\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/S2010194512003170","journal-title":"Int J Mod Phys Conf Ser"},{"key":"4562_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s41204-022-00252-2","volume":"7","author":"S Faisal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Faisal S, Jan FA, Saleem S et al (2022) Juglans regia L. mediated synthesis of cobalt oxide and zinc-doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles: Characterization and evaluation for environmental, antibacterial and cytotoxic potential. Nanotechnol Environ Eng 7:675\u2013689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41204-022-00252-2","journal-title":"Nanotechnol Environ Eng"},{"key":"4562_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"025019","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/ab70dd","volume":"7","author":"M Hafeez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hafeez M, Shaheen R, Akram B et al (2020) Green synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles for potential biological applications. Mater Res Express 7:025019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2053-1591\/ab70dd","journal-title":"Mater Res Express"},{"key":"4562_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Attarilar S, Yang J, Ebrahimi M, et al (2020) The toxicity phenomenon and the related occurrence in metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: A brief review from the biomedical perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00822","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00822"},{"key":"4562_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5262","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201902191RR","volume":"34","author":"G Gupta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gupta G, Gliga A, Hedberg J et al (2020) Cobalt nanoparticles trigger ferroptosis-like cell death (oxytosis) in neuronal cells: Potential implications for neurodegenerative disease. FASEB J 34:5262\u20135281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.201902191RR","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"4562_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110562","volume":"123","author":"AF Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen AF, Chen D-D, Daiber A et al (2012) Free radical biology of the cardiovascular system. Clin Sci 123:73\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/CS20110562","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"4562_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2019.03.003","volume":"369","author":"F Zheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zheng F, Luo Z, Zheng C et al (2019) Comparison of the neurotoxicity associated with cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt chloride in Wistar rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 369:90\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2019.03.003","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"4562_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119473","volume":"259","author":"M Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao M, Yang Z, Zhang Z et al (2024) Nervous system exposure of different classes of nanoparticles: A review on potential toxicity and mechanistic studies. Environ Res 259:119473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119473","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4562_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"tfae125","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfae125","volume":"13","author":"N Shareef","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shareef N, Abid S, Amir A et al (2024) Toxicological evaluation of copper oxide nanoparticles following their intraperitoneal injection to wistar rats. Toxicol Res 13:tfae125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/toxres\/tfae125","journal-title":"Toxicol Res"},{"key":"4562_CR57","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Fundamentals of vascular biology","author":"B Hantusch","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hantusch B (2019) Morphological and functional characteristics of blood and lymphatic vessels. In: Geiger M (ed) Fundamentals of vascular biology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 1\u201343"},{"key":"4562_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4924","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2009.1269","volume":"9","author":"J Tang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tang J, Xiong L, Wang S et al (2009) Distribution, translocation and accumulation of silver nanoparticles in rats. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 9:4924\u20134932. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1166\/jnn.2009.1269","journal-title":"J Nanosci Nanotechnol"},{"key":"4562_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.145063","volume":"771","author":"PS Deng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deng PS, Yan X, Xiong P, Li G, Ku T, Liu N, Liao C, Jiang G (2021) Nanoscale cobalt-based metal-organic framework impairs learning and memory ability without noticeable general toxicity: First in vivo evidence. Sci Total Environ 771:145063. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.145063","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4562_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10539","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-37178-x","volume":"13","author":"JO Olugbodi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Olugbodi JO, Lawal B, Bako G et al (2023) Effect of sub-dermal exposure of silver nanoparticles on hepatic, renal and cardiac functions accompanying oxidative damage in male Wistar rats. Sci Rep 13:10539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-37178-x","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"225","key":"4562_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112725","volume":"1","author":"J Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, Wang J, Wang YL, Luo Z, Zheng C, Ya G, Wu S, Fi Zheng, Li H (2021) NOX2 activation contributes to cobalt nanoparticles-induced inflammatory responses and tau phosphorylation in mice and microglia. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 1(225):112725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112725","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"4562_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14050274","volume":"14","author":"A Mart\u00edn-Pardillos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn-Pardillos A, Martin-Duque P (2023) Cellular alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism due to interactions with nanomaterials. J Funct Biomaterials 14(5):274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jfb14050274","journal-title":"J Funct Biomaterials"},{"key":"4562_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.117784","volume":"45","author":"M Torabi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Torabi M, Kesmati M, Harooni HE, Varzi HN (2013) Effects of nano and conventional zinc oxide on anxiety-like behavior in male rats. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 45:508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0253-7613.117784","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"4562_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.29252\/NIRP.BCN.9.3.209","volume":"9","author":"F Saeidienik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saeidienik F, Shahraki MR, Fanaei H, Badini F (2018) The effects of iron oxide nanoparticles administration on depression symptoms induced by LPS in male Wistar rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 9:209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29252\/NIRP.BCN.9.3.209","journal-title":"Basic Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"4562_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989-018-9686-9","volume":"25","author":"S Alimohammadi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alimohammadi S, Hosseini MS, Behbood L (2019) Prenatal Exposure to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Can Induce Depressive-Like Behaviors in Mice Offspring. Int J Pept Res Ther 25:401\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10989-018-9686-9","journal-title":"Int J Pept Res Ther"},{"key":"4562_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e64128","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064128","volume":"8","author":"DA Davis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Davis DA, Bortolato M, Godar SC et al (2013) Prenatal exposure to urban air nanoparticles in mice causes altered neuronal differentiation and depression-like responses. PLoS ONE 8:e64128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0064128","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4562_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.06.023","volume":"47","author":"Y-H Guan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guan Y-H, Ma J, Ren Y-M et al (2013) Efficient degradation of atrazine by magnetic porous copper ferrite catalyzed peroxymonosulfate oxidation via the formation of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals. Water Res 47:5431\u20135438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2013.06.023","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"4562_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9010096","volume":"9","author":"DM Teleanu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Teleanu DM, Chircov C, Grumezescu AM, Teleanu RI (2019) Neurotoxicity of nanomaterials: An up-to-date overview. Nanomaterials 9:96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano9010096","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"4562_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4546","DOI":"10.1021\/es4042258","volume":"48","author":"N Garcia-Reyero","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garcia-Reyero N, Kennedy AJ, Escalon BL et al (2014) Differential effects and potential adverse outcomes of ionic silver and silver nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro. Environ Sci Technol 48:4546\u20134555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es4042258","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"4562_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/00087114.2018.1473943","volume":"71","author":"HRH Mohamed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mohamed HRH, Hussien NA (2018) Amelioration of cobalt oxide nanoparticles induced genomic and mitochondrial DNA damage and oxidative stress by omega-3 co-administration in mice. Caryologia 71:357\u2013364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00087114.2018.1473943","journal-title":"Caryologia"},{"key":"4562_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2942","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-022-03399-w","volume":"201","author":"B Salama","year":"2023","unstructured":"Salama B, Alzahrani KJ, Alghamdi KS et al (2023) Silver nanoparticles enhance oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in liver and kidney tissues: Potential protective role of thymoquinone. Biol Trace Elem Res 201:2942\u20132954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-022-03399-w","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"4562_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2021.10.007","volume":"395","author":"J Liao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liao J, Zhang A, Qing S et al (2022) Investigation on the aggregation structure of nanoparticle on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids by molecular dynamic simulations. Powder Technol 395:584\u2013591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.powtec.2021.10.007","journal-title":"Powder Technol"},{"key":"4562_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15906","DOI":"10.1039\/D3NR03857B","volume":"15","author":"KR Kanika","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kanika KR (2023) Functionalized nanomaterials targeting NLRP3 inflammasome driven immunomodulation: Friend or foe. Nanoscale 15:15906\u201315928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D3NR03857B","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"4562_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10209","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910209","volume":"22","author":"T-T Nguyen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nguyen T-T, Ung T-T, Li S et al (2021) Lithocholic acid induces miR21, promoting PTEN inhibition via STAT3 and ERK-1\/2 signaling in colorectal cancer cells. Int J Mol Sci 22:10209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms221910209","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4562_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3927","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S136453","volume":"12","author":"S Wolf-grosse","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wolf-grosse S, Rokstad AM, Ali S, Lambris JD, Mollnes TE, Nilsen AM, Stenvik J (2017) Iron oxide nanoparticles induce cytokine secretion in a complement-dependent manner in a human whole blood model. Int J Nanomedicine 12:3927\u20133940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S136453","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"4562_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1080\/17435390.2022.2026515","volume":"15","author":"F Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng F, Luo Z, Lin X et al (2021) Intercellular transfer of mitochondria via tunneling nanotubes protects against cobalt nanoparticle-induced neurotoxicity and mitochondrial damage. Nanotoxicology 15:1358\u20131379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17435390.2022.2026515","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"}],"container-title":["Biological Trace Element Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12011-025-04562-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12011-025-04562-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12011-025-04562-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T08:50:57Z","timestamp":1759913457000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12011-025-04562-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["4562"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-025-04562-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0720"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0720","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Approval for animal care and all experimental protocols was obtained from the local Ethics Committee of the Sciences Faculty-Sfax prior to the experiment\u2019s procedures, which adhered to the guidelines of the National Institutes of Health.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Consented.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}