{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:04:31Z","timestamp":1790805871217,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270468"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82200473"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82200473"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82370437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015401","name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-YBSF-575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-YBSF-575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Open Fund for Key Laboratory of precision medicine for children's diseases in Shaanxi province","award":["KFJJ2023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJJ2023-01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["xzy012024096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xzy012024096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-026-10139-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T12:22:04Z","timestamp":1782390124000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gastrodin Ameliorates Blood Pressure by Targeting the PPAR-\u03b3\/NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 Signaling Axis in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Jing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Yan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiu-Yue","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Feng","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Li","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ming","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"10139_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00559-8","volume":"18","author":"B Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou, B., Perel, P., Mensah, G. A., & Ezzati, M. (2021). Global epidemiology, health burden and effective interventions for elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 18, 785\u2013802.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Cardiology"},{"key":"10139_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02591-1","volume":"24","author":"C Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, C., Zhang, Z., Luo, X., Xiao, Y., Tu, T., Liu, C., Liu, Q., Wang, C., Dai, Y., Zhang, Z., Zheng, C., & Lin, J. (2025). The triglyceride-glucose index and its obesity-related derivatives as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients: Insights from NHANES data with machine learning analysis. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24, 47.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Diabetology"},{"key":"10139_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3304","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-024-01878-2","volume":"47","author":"K Kitada","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kitada, K. (2024). Hypertension research 2024 update and perspectives: Basic research. Hypertension Research, 47, 3304\u20133309.","journal-title":"Hypertension Research"},{"key":"10139_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003793","volume":"42","author":"HJ Yap","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yap, H. J., Lim, J. J. J., Tan, S. D., & Ang, C. S. (2024). Effectiveness of digital health interventions on adherence and control of hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension, 42, 1490\u20131504.","journal-title":"Journal of Hypertension"},{"key":"10139_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13111423","author":"X Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, X., Yan, X., Yu, C., Chen, Q. H., Bi, L., & Shan, Z. (2024). PTSD increases risk for hypertension development through PVN activation and vascular dysfunction in Sprague Dawley rats. Antioxidants. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox13111423","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10139_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2024.110279","volume":"266","author":"K Minczuk","year":"2025","unstructured":"Minczuk, K., Schlicker, E., Krzyzewska, A., & Malinowska, B. (2025). Angiotensin 1\u20137 injected into the rat paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus increases blood pressure and heart rate via various receptors. Neuropharmacology, 266, Article 110279.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10139_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00461","volume":"11","author":"RAL Dampney","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dampney, R. A. L. (2017). Resetting of the baroreflex control of sympathetic vasomotor activity during natural behaviors: description and conceptual model of central mechanisms. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 11, 461.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"10139_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H433","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00176.2016","volume":"311","author":"VC Chitravanshi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chitravanshi, V. C., Kawabe, K., & Sapru, H. N. (2016). Stimulation of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus increases brown adipose tissue nerve activity via hypothalamic paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei. American Journal of Physiology Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 311, H433\u2013444.","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology Heart and Circulatory Physiology"},{"key":"10139_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819973-2.00024-1","volume":"182","author":"S Pyner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pyner, S. (2021). The heart is lost without the hypothalamus. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 182, 355\u2013367.","journal-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology"},{"key":"10139_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1200","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00216.2018","volume":"315","author":"RA Dampney","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dampney, R. A., Michelini, L. C., Li, D. P., & Pan, H. L. (2018). Regulation of sympathetic vasomotor activity by the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in normotensive and hypertensive states. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 315, H1200\u2013H1214.","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"},{"key":"10139_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2013.074823","volume":"99","author":"V Geraldes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Geraldes, V., Goncalves-Rosa, N., Liu, B., Paton, J. F., & Rocha, I. (2014). Chronic depression of hypothalamic paraventricular neuronal activity produces sustained hypotension in hypertensive rats. Experimental Physiology, 99, 89\u2013100.","journal-title":"Experimental Physiology"},{"key":"10139_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-019-0296-z","volume":"18","author":"X Unamuno","year":"2021","unstructured":"Unamuno, X., Gomez-Ambrosi, J., Ramirez, B., Rodriguez, A., Becerril, S., Valenti, V., Moncada, R., Silva, C., Salvador, J., Fruhbeck, G., & Catalan, V. (2021). NLRP3 inflammasome blockade reduces adipose tissue inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Cellular & Molecular Immunology, 18, 1045\u20131057.","journal-title":"Cellular & Molecular Immunology"},{"key":"10139_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.22620","volume":"81","author":"D Baumann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baumann, D., Van Helden, D., Evans, L. C., Vulchanova, L., Dayton, A., & Osborn, J. W. (2024). IL-1R mediated activation of renal sensory nerves in DOCA-Salt hypertension. Hypertension, 81, 1811\u20131821.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10139_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154951","volume":"118","author":"XY Jia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia, X. Y., Jiang, D. L., Jia, X. T., Fu, L. Y., Tian, H., Liu, K. L., Qi, J., Kang, Y. M., & Yu, X. J. (2023). Capsaicin improves hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy via SIRT1\/NF-kappaB\/MAPKs pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Phytomedicine\u202f: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, 118, Article 154951.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology"},{"key":"10139_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-015-9344-9","volume":"16","author":"J Qi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Qi, J., Yu, X. J., Shi, X. L., Gao, H. L., Yi, Q. Y., Tan, H., Fan, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Song, X. A., Cui, W., Liu, J. J., & Kang, Y. M. (2016). NF-kappaB blockade in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus inhibits high-salt-induced hypertension through NLRP3 and caspase-1. Cardiovascular Toxicology, 16, 345\u2013354.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Toxicology"},{"key":"10139_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315937","volume":"126","author":"A Abbate","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abbate, A., Toldo, S., Marchetti, C., Kron, J., Van Tassell, B. W., & Dinarello, C. A. (2020). Interleukin-1 and the inflammasome as therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease. Circulation Research, 126, 1260\u20131280.","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"10139_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.311362","volume":"122","author":"A Grebe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grebe, A., Hoss, F., & Latz, E. (2018). NLRP3 inflammasome and the IL-1 Pathway in atherosclerosis. Circulation Research, 122, 1722\u20131740.","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"10139_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.18239","volume":"28","author":"H Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei, H., Sun, M., Wang, R., Zeng, H., Zhao, B., & Jin, S. (2024). Puerarin mitigated LPS-ATP or HG-primed endothelial cells damage and diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease via ROS-NLRP3 signalling. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 28, Article e18239.","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"10139_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786","volume":"192","author":"YY Qiu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qiu, Y. Y., Zhang, J., Zeng, F. Y., & Zhu, Y. Z. (2023). Roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Pharmacological Research, 192, Article 106786.","journal-title":"Pharmacological Research"},{"key":"10139_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103648","volume":"51","author":"AM Beyer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beyer, A. M., Baumbach, G. L., Halabi, C. M., Modrick, M. L., Lynch, C. M., Gerhold, T. D., Ghoneim, S. M., de Lange, W. J., Keen, H. L., Tsai, Y. S., Maeda, N., Sigmund, C. D., & Faraci, F. M. (2008). Interference with PPARgamma signaling causes cerebral vascular dysfunction, hypertrophy, and remodeling. Hypertension, 51, 867\u2013871.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10139_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.124.323698","volume":"135","author":"Y Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, Y., Wei, X., Xiao, R., Chen, Y., Xiong, T., Fang, Z. M., Huo, B., Guo, X., Luo, H., Wu, X., Liu, L., Zhu, X. H., Hu, Q., Jiang, D. S., & Yi, X. (2024). SMYD2-methylated PPARgamma facilitates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension by activating mitophagy. Circulation Research, 135, 93\u2013109.","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"10139_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.815347","volume":"14","author":"S Guo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guo, S., Wang, H., & Yin, Y. (2022). Microglia polarization from M1 to M2 in neurodegenerative diseases. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 14, Article 815347.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"},{"key":"10139_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17132052","author":"X Zheng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zheng, X., Cao, Z., Wang, M., Yuan, R., Han, Y., Li, A., & Wang, X. (2025). Betulinic acid reduces intestinal inflammation and enhances intestinal tight junctions by modulating the PPAR-gamma\/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in intestinal cells and organoids. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu17132052","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10139_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44612","volume":"7","author":"W Luo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luo, W., Xu, Q., Wang, Q., Wu, H., & Hua, J. (2017). Effect of modulation of PPAR-gamma activity on Kupffer cells M1\/M2 polarization in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Scientific Reports, 7, Article 44612.","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10139_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.014","volume":"126","author":"AT Reddy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reddy, A. T., Lakshmi, S. P., Banno, A., & Reddy, R. C. (2018). Role of GPx3 in PPARgamma-induced protection against COPD-associated oxidative stress. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 126, 350\u2013357.","journal-title":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10139_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155518","volume":"128","author":"W Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, W., Wang, Y., Wang, F., Xie, G., Liu, S., Li, Z., Wang, P., Liu, J., & Lin, L. (2024). Gastrodin regulates the TLR4\/TRAF6\/NF-kappaB pathway to reduce neuroinflammation and microglial activation in an AD model. Phytomedicine, 128, Article 155518.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10139_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8461","volume":"39","author":"B Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, B., Wang, L., Xiao, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Peng, Y., Zhang, A., Tang, Z., & Qi, X. (2025). Gastrodin ameliorates tau pathology and BBB dysfunction in 3xTg-AD transgenic mice by regulating the ADRA1\/NF-kappaB\/NLRP3 pathway to reduce neuroinflammation. Phytotherapy Research, 39, 1996\u20132016.","journal-title":"Phytotherapy Research"},{"key":"10139_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.14","volume":"4","author":"S Oparil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oparil, S., Acelajado, M. C., Bakris, G. L., Berlowitz, D. R., Cifkova, R., Dominiczak, A. F., Grassi, G., Jordan, J., Poulter, N. R., Rodgers, A., & Whelton, P. K. (2018). Hypertension. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 4, Article 18014.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Disease Primers"},{"key":"10139_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.07.011","volume":"57","author":"B Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei, B., Cheng, G., Bi, Q., Lu, C., Sun, Q., Li, L., Chen, N., Hu, M., Lu, H., Xu, X., Mao, G., Wan, S., Hu, Z., Gu, Y., Zheng, J., Zhao, L., Shen, X. Z., Liu, X., & Shi, P. (2024). Microglia in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus sense hemodynamic disturbance and promote sympathetic excitation in hypertension. Immunity, 57, 2030-2042. e2038.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10139_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2032-23.2024","author":"XY Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu, X. Y., Wang, J. X., Chen, J. L., Dai, M., Wang, Y. M., Chen, Q., Li, Y. H., Zhu, G. Q., & Chen, A. D. (2024). GLP-1 in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus promotes sympathetic activation and hypertension. Journal of Neuroscience. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2032-23.2024","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10139_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162580","author":"HL Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao, H. L., Yang, Y., Tian, H., Xu, S. L., Li, B. W., Fu, L. Y., Liu, K. L., Shi, X. L., Kang, Y. M., & Yu, X. J. (2024). Puerarin alleviates blood pressure via inhibition of ROS\/TLR4\/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of salt-induced prehypertensive rats. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16162580","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10139_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpab047","volume":"34","author":"Y Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, Y., Lu, Y. X., Chi, H. L., Xiao, T., Chen, Y. M., Fu, L. Y., Zibrila, A. I., Qi, J., Li, H. B., Su, Q., Gao, H. L., Zhang, Y., Shi, X. L., Yu, X. J., & Kang, Y. M. (2021). Chronic blockade of NMDAR subunit 2A in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus alleviates hypertension through suppression of MEK\/ERK\/CREB pathway. American Journal of Hypertension, 34, 840\u2013850.","journal-title":"American Journal of Hypertension"},{"key":"10139_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-024-09938-2","volume":"25","author":"HL Gao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao, H. L., Yang, Y., Tian, H., Fu, L. Y., Liu, K. L., Jia, X. Y., Shi, X. L., Kang, Y. M., & Yu, X. J. (2025). Inhibition of CB1R in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ameliorates hypertension through Wnt\/beta-Catenin\/RAS pathway. Cardiovascular Toxicology, 25, 9\u201323.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Toxicology"},{"key":"10139_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030502","author":"HL Gao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gao, H. L., Yu, X. J., Feng, Y. Q., Yang, Y., Hu, H. B., Zhao, Y. Y., Zhang, J. H., Liu, K. L., Zhang, Y., Fu, L. Y., Li, Y., Qi, J., Qiao, J. A., & Kang, Y. M. (2023). Luteolin attenuates hypertension via inhibiting NF-kappaB-mediated inflammation and PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15030502","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10139_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2024.176373","volume":"974","author":"LY Fu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fu, L. Y., Yang, Y., Tian, H., Jia, X. Y., Liu, K. L., Gao, H. L., Li, Y., Qi, J., Yu, X. J., & Kang, Y. M. (2024). Central administration of AICAR attenuates hypertension via AMPK\/Nrf2 pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of hypertensive rats. European Journal of Pharmacology, 974, Article 176373.","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10139_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156663","volume":"141","author":"M Gu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gu, M., & Pang, Z. (2025). Luteolin inhibits inflammation and M1 macrophage polarization in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia through suppressing EGFR\/PI3K\/AKT\/NF-kappaB and EGFR\/ERK\/AP-1 signaling pathways. Phytomedicine, 141, Article 156663.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10139_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e210","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.123.320005","volume":"44","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Tabib, T., Huang, M., Yuan, K., Kim, Y., Morse, C., Sembrat, J., Valenzi, E., & Lafyatis, R. (2024). Molecular changes implicate angiogenesis and arterial remodeling in systemic sclerosis-associated and idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 44, e210\u2013e225.","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"},{"key":"10139_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02571-x","volume":"24","author":"Y Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang, Y., Zhou, Y., Xu, Y., Wang, X., Zhou, Z., Wu, K., Meng, Q., Wang, L., Yang, Y., Gao, H., Ji, J., Jiang, X., Yang, Y., Hao, L., & Wang, H. (2025). Inflammatory markers link triglyceride-glucose index and obesity indicators with adverse cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension: Insights from three cohorts. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24, Article 11.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Diabetology"},{"key":"10139_CR39","volume":"55","author":"JN Edghill","year":"2025","unstructured":"Edghill, J. N., Wasserman, E., Cain, M. A., Crousillat, D. R., & Restrepo-Jaramillo, R. (2025). The multidisciplinary management of pulmonary arterial hypertension patients in pregnancy and postpartum: A case series. American Heart Journal Plus, 55, Article 100551.","journal-title":"American Heart Journal Plus"},{"key":"10139_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-050423-085626","volume":"76","author":"K Ryan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ryan, K., McGrath, L., & Brookfield, K. (2025). Hypertension management in pregnancy. Annual Review of Medicine, 76, 315\u2013326.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Medicine"},{"key":"10139_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.23760","volume":"82","author":"C Grave","year":"2025","unstructured":"Grave, C., Bonaldi, C., Carcaillon-Bentata, L., Gabet, A., Halimi, J. M., Tzourio, C., Bejot, Y., Torres, M. J., Steg, P. G., Durand Zaleski, I., Blacher, J., & Olie, V. (2025). Burden of cardio-cerebrovascular and renal diseases attributable to systolic hypertension in France in 2021. Hypertension, 82, 357\u2013369.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10139_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01280-1","volume":"45","author":"FT Lu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lu, F. T., Huang, C. C., Lai, W. Y., Yang, G. Y., Liang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Chokshi, T., Guo, K. M., Tang, Y. B., Chen, Y., Yang, Z. H., Liang, S. J., Pang, R. P., Zhou, J. G., Guan, Y. Y., Lv, X. F., & Ma, M. M. (2024). Vascular smooth muscle-specific LRRC8A knockout ameliorates angiotensin II-induced cerebrovascular remodeling by inhibiting the WNK1\/FOXO3a\/MMP signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 45, 1848\u20131860.","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacologica Sinica"},{"key":"10139_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.673950","volume":"12","author":"C Ye","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ye, C., Zheng, F., Wang, J. X., Wang, X. L., Chen, Q., Li, Y. H., Kang, Y. M., & Zhu, G. Q. (2021). Dysregulation of the excitatory renal reflex in the sympathetic activation of spontaneously hypertensive rat. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, Article 673950.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"10139_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ostroumova, O. D., Kochetkov, A. I., Guseva, T. F., & Zykova, A. A. (2018). Sympathetic nervous system activation in pathogenesis of development of essential hypertension and its role in target-organs damage in young and middle aged adults: The cardioprotective capabilities of Bisoprolol. Kardiologiia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18087\/cardio.2018.3.10100","DOI":"10.18087\/cardio.2018.3.10100"},{"key":"10139_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-023-02818-6","volume":"20","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, L., Liu, T., Wang, X., Tong, L., Chen, G., Zhou, S., Zhang, H., Liu, H., Lu, W., Wang, G., Zhang, S., & Du, D. (2023). Microglia-derived TNF-alpha contributes to RVLM neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction via blocking the AMPK-Sirt3 pathway in stress-induced hypertension. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 20, Article 137.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10139_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102558","volume":"102","author":"T von Zglinicki","year":"2024","unstructured":"von Zglinicki, T. (2024). Oxidative stress and cell senescence as drivers of ageing: Chicken and egg. Ageing Research Reviews, 102, Article 102558.","journal-title":"Ageing Research Reviews"},{"key":"10139_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.09.206","volume":"52","author":"H Tian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tian, H., Kang, Y. M., Gao, H. L., Shi, X. L., Fu, L. Y., Li, Y., Jia, X. Y., Liu, K. L., Qi, J., Li, H. B., Chen, Y. M., Chen, W. S., Cui, W., Zhu, G. Q., & Yu, X. J. (2019). Chronic infusion of berberine into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus attenuates hypertension and sympathoexcitation via the ROS\/Erk1\/2\/iNOS pathway. Phytomedicine, 52, 216\u2013224.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10139_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9091948","author":"YC Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng, Y. C., Chu, L. W., Chen, J. Y., Hsieh, S. L., Chang, Y. C., Dai, Z. K., & Wu, B. N. (2020). Loganin attenuates high glucose-induced Schwann cells pyroptosis by inhibiting ROS generation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells9091948","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10139_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-022-00954-9","volume":"21","author":"Q Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu, Q., Shi, H., Ding, Z., Wang, Z., Yao, H., & Lin, R. (2023). The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM31 attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis by regulating ROS and autophagy. Cell Communication and Signaling, 21, 1.","journal-title":"Cell Communication and Signaling"},{"key":"10139_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156331","volume":"136","author":"C Gong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gong, C., Fu, X., Ma, Q., He, M., Zhu, X., Liu, L., Zhou, D., & Yan, S. (2025). Gastrodin: Modulating the xCT\/GPX4 and ACSL4\/LPCAT3 pathways to inhibit ferroptosis after ischemic stroke. Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, 136, Article 156331.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology"},{"key":"10139_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17091200","author":"N Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu, N., Xie, Q., Chen, Y., Li, J., Zhang, X., Zheng, H., Cheng, Y., Wu, M., Shen, A., Wei, L., Yao, M., Yang, Y., Sferra, T. J., Jafri, A., Fang, Y., & Peng, J. (2024). Gastrodin alleviates Angiotensin II-induced hypertension and myocardial apoptosis via inhibition of the PRDX2\/p53 pathway in vivo and in vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph17091200","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"10139_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155900","volume":"133","author":"L Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, L., Lv, Y., Wu, H., Wang, Y., Xu, Z., Liu, G., He, Y., Li, X., Liu, J., Feng, Y., Bai, Y., Xie, W., Zhou, Q., & Wu, Q. (2024). Gastrodin exerts perioperative myocardial protection by improving mitophagy through the PINK1\/Parkin pathway to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, 133, Article 155900.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology"},{"key":"10139_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00838-w","volume":"20","author":"BA Nguyen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nguyen, B. A., Alexander, M. R., & Harrison, D. G. (2024). Immune mechanisms in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 20, 530\u2013540.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Nephrology"},{"key":"10139_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01310-w","volume":"22","author":"H Mao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mao, H., Zhao, X., & Sun, S. C. (2025). NF-kappaB in inflammation and cancer. Cellular & Molecular Immunology, 22, 811\u2013839.","journal-title":"Cellular & Molecular Immunology"},{"key":"10139_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.52","volume":"17","author":"SC Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun, S. C. (2017). The non-canonical NF-kappaB pathway in immunity and inflammation. Nature Reviews. Immunology, 17, 545\u2013558.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Immunology"},{"key":"10139_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153818","volume":"94","author":"B Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, B., Zeng, M., Wang, Y., Li, M., Wu, Y., Xu, R., Zhang, Q., Jia, J., Huang, Y., Zheng, X., & Feng, W. (2022). Oleic acid alleviates LPS-induced acute kidney injury by restraining inflammation and oxidative stress via the Ras\/MAPKs\/PPAR-gamma signaling pathway. Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, 94, Article 153818.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology"},{"key":"10139_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01286-9","volume":"45","author":"XC Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, X. C., Zhu, X. Y., Wang, Y. Y., Tong, S. L., Chen, Z. L., Lu, Z. Y., Zhang, J. H., Song, L. L., Wang, X. H., Zhang, C., Sun, Y. H., Zhong, C. Y., Su, L. H., Wang, L. X., & Huang, X. Y. (2024). Canagliflozin alleviates pulmonary hypertension by activating PPARgamma and inhibiting its S225 phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 45, 1861\u20131878.","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacologica Sinica"},{"key":"10139_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.176166","volume":"960","author":"HS Althagafy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Althagafy, H. S., Ali, F. E. M., Hassanein, E. H. M., Mohammedsaleh, Z. M., El-Sayed, K., Atwa, M. I., Sayed, A. M., A.M. and, & Soubh, A. A. (2023). Canagliflozin ameliorates ulcerative colitis via regulation of TLR4\/MAPK\/NF-kappaB and Nrf2\/PPAR-gamma\/SIRT1 signaling pathways. European Journal of Pharmacology, 960, 176166.","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10139_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3074","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32068","volume":"74","author":"J Wan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wan, J., Zhang, Y., Yang, D., Liang, Y., Yang, L., Hu, S., Liu, Z., Fang, Q., Tian, S., & Ding, Y. (2021). Gastrodin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through activation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Hepatology, 74, 3074\u20133090.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10139_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8657","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.205831","volume":"16","author":"H Yin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yin, H., Liu, R., & Bie, L. (2024). Gastrodin ameliorates neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice by inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling activation via PPARgamma stimulation. Aging (Albany NY), 16, 8657\u20138666.","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"10139_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab010","volume":"118","author":"M Takahashi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Takahashi, M. (2022). NLRP3 inflammasome as a key driver of vascular disease. Cardiovascular Research, 118, 372\u2013385.","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"10139_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901363","volume":"183","author":"FG Bauernfeind","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bauernfeind, F. G., Horvath, G., Stutz, A., Alnemri, E. S., MacDonald, K., Speert, D., Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Wu, J., Monks, B. G., Fitzgerald, K. A., Hornung, V., & Latz, E. (2009). Cutting edge: NF-kappaB activating pattern recognition and cytokine receptors license NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating NLRP3 expression. The Journal of Immunology, 183, 787\u2013791.","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"10139_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/2523536","author":"Z Feng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feng, Z., Huang, Q., Zhang, X., Xu, P., Li, S., Ma, D., & Meng, Q. (2023). PPAR-gamma activation alleviates osteoarthritis through both the Nrf2\/NLRP3 and PGC-1alpha\/Deltapsi (m) pathways by inhibiting pyroptosis. PPAR Research. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/2523536","journal-title":"PPAR Research"},{"key":"10139_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s11658-023-00462-9","volume":"28","author":"Y Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Ye, X., Escames, G., Lei, W., Zhang, X., Li, M., Jing, T., Yao, Y., Qiu, Z., Wang, Z., Acuna-Castroviejo, D., & Yang, Y. (2023). The NLRP3 inflammasome: Contributions to inflammation-related diseases. Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, 28, 51.","journal-title":"Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters"},{"key":"10139_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.319077","volume":"128","author":"PM Ridker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ridker, P. M., & Rane, M. (2021). Interleukin-6 signaling and anti-Interleukin-6 therapeutics in cardiovascular disease. Circulation Research, 128, 1728\u20131746.","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"10139_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-025-01492-z","volume":"46","author":"XY Shi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shi, X. Y., He, Y. X., Ge, M. Y., Liu, P., Zheng, P., & Li, Z. H. (2025). Gastrodin promotes CNS myelinogenesis and alleviates demyelinating injury by activating the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 46, 1610\u20131623.","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacologica Sinica"},{"key":"10139_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155819","volume":"132","author":"M Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao, M., Zhou, Y., Sheng, R., Zhang, H., Xiang, J., Wang, J., Li, P., Ma, T., Liu, P., Chen, Q., Wen, W., & Xu, S. (2024). Gastrodin relieves Parkinson\u2019s disease-related motor deficits by facilitating the MEK-dependent VMAT2 to maintain dopamine homeostasis. Phytomedicine\u202f: International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, 132, Article 155819.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12012-026-10139-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12012-026-10139-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12012-026-10139-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T05:01:57Z","timestamp":1784869317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12012-026-10139-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10139"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12012-026-10139-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-7905","1559-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-7905","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"66"}}