{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:38:13Z","timestamp":1790116693902,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universitat de Valencia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stem Cell Rev and Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the viability, proliferation, osteo-odontogenic differentiation potential and\/or inflammation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs), with a focus on their potential in periodontal and endodontic regeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive search across Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and SciELO databases up to December 2025 identified original in vitro studies assessing miRNA overexpression or knockdown in PDLSCs or SCAPs. 39 studies met the eligibility criteria and underwent structured data extraction, qualitative synthesis and quality appraisal using a tailored risk-of-bias tool (miRoB-DSC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings demonstrate that specific miRNAs act as key regulators of PDLSCs and SCAPs viability, proliferation, osteo-odontogenic differentiation, and inflammatory responses. Comparisons with previous reviews on DPSCs and PDLSCs suggest both shared and niche-specific regulatory networks. Various signaling pathways have been majorly implicated with miRNA regulation, including RUNX2, Smad\/TGF\u03b2, NOTCH, NF-\u03baB, Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin and MAPK. The majority of the assessed studies fulfilled more than 80% of the applicable items from the miRoB-DSC tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, these results highlight miRNAs as central modulators of PDLSC and SCAP biology, with potential applications as therapeutic targets or biomarkers in regenerative dentistry. However, heterogeneity in experimental designs, limited evaluation under disease-relevant conditions, and the reliance on in vitro models highlight the need for standardized protocols and in vivo validation before clinical translation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-026-11088-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T17:45:07Z","timestamp":1773337507000},"page":"1712-1738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Role of MicroRNA in the Behaviour of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Sanz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopoldo","family":"Forner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"L\u00f3pez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Miguel","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sof\u00eda","family":"Folguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concha","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gin\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Monle\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"11088_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16627-0","volume":"364","author":"B-M Seo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Seo, B.-M., Miura, M., Gronthos, S., et al. (2004). Investigation of multipotent postnatal stem cells from human periodontal ligament. Lancet, 364, 149\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16627-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"11088_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905","volume":"8","author":"M Dominici","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dominici, M., Le Blanc, K., Mueller, I., et al. (2006). Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy, 8, 315\u2013317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14653240600855905","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"11088_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517697653","volume":"96","author":"PM Bartold","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bartold, P. M., & Gronthos, S. (2017). Standardization of criteria defining periodontal ligament stem cells. Journal of Dental Research, 96, 487\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034517697653","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"11088_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.01.081","volume":"368","author":"B Lindroos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lindroos, B., M\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4, K., Ylikomi, T., et al. (2008). Characterisation of human dental stem cells and buccal mucosa fibroblasts. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 368, 329\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.01.081","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"key":"11088_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509340867","volume":"88","author":"G-J Huang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huang, G.-J., Gronthos, S., & Shi, S. (2009). Mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues vs. Those from other sources: Their biology and role in regenerative medicine. Journal of Dental Research, 88, 792\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034509340867","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"11088_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01716.x","volume":"38","author":"J-C Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park, J.-C., Kim, J.-M., Jung, I.-H., et al. (2011). Isolation and characterization of human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells (PDLSCs) from the inflamed PDL tissue: In vitro and in vivo evaluations. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 38, 721\u2013731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01716.x","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology"},{"key":"11088_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1089\/SCD.2019.0025","volume":"28","author":"O Trubiani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Trubiani, O., Pizzicannella, J., Caputi, S., et al. (2019). Periodontal ligament stem cells: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Stem Cells and Development, 28, 995\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/SCD.2019.0025","journal-title":"Stem Cells and Development"},{"key":"11088_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2007.00399.x","volume":"10","author":"I Gay","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gay, I., Chen, S., & MacDougall, M. (2007). Isolation and characterization of multipotent human periodontal ligament stem cells. Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research, 10, 149\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2007.00399.x","journal-title":"Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"11088_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2008.0113","volume":"18","author":"J Xu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xu, J., Wang, W., Kapila, Y., et al. (2009). Multiple differentiation capacity of STRO-1 + \/CD146 + PDL mesenchymal progenitor cells. Stem Cells and Development, 18, 487\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/scd.2008.0113","journal-title":"Stem Cells and Development"},{"key":"11088_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.06.032","volume":"33","author":"J Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang, J., An, Y., Gao, L. N., et al. (2012). The effect of aging on the pluripotential capacity and regenerative potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Biomaterials, 33, 6974\u20136986. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.06.032","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"11088_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-04003-9","volume":"15","author":"S Wen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wen, S., Zheng, X., Yin, W., et al. (2024). Dental stem cell dynamics in periodontal ligament regeneration: From mechanism to application. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 15, Article 389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-024-04003-9","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"},{"key":"11088_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao, D. Z., Yang, R. L., Wei, H.X., et al. (2024). Advances in the research of immunomodulatory mechanism of mesenchymal stromal\/stem cells on periodontal tissue regeneration. Frontiers in Immunology, 15:. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FIMMU.2024.1449411\/PDF","DOI":"10.3389\/FIMMU.2024.1449411\/PDF"},{"key":"11088_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2019.0031","volume":"28","author":"A Tomokiyo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tomokiyo, A., Wada, N., & Maeda, H. (2019). Periodontal ligament stem cells: Regenerative potency in periodontium. Stem Cells and Development, 28, 974\u2013985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/scd.2019.0031","journal-title":"Stem Cells and Development"},{"key":"11088_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj12050145","volume":"12","author":"A Campagna","year":"2024","unstructured":"Campagna, A., Baima, G., Romano, F., et al. (2024). Orally derived stem cell-based therapy in periodontal regeneration: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical studies. Dentistry Journal, 12, Article 145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/dj12050145","journal-title":"Dentistry Journal"},{"key":"11088_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345241261900","volume":"103","author":"S Ivanovski","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ivanovski, S., Han, P., Peters, O. A., et al. (2024). The therapeutic use of dental mesenchymal stem cells in human clinical trials. Journal of Dental Research, 103, 1173\u20131184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00220345241261900","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"11088_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ahmad, P., Estrin, N., Farshidfar, N., et al. (2025). Mechanistic insights into periodontal ligament stem cell-derived exosomes in tissue regeneration. Clinical Oral Investigations, 29, 357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06422-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06422-1"},{"key":"11088_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xia, E. J., Zou, S., Zhao, X., et al. (2024). Extracellular vesicles as therapeutic tools in regenerative dentistry. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 15, 365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-024-03936-5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03936-5"},{"key":"11088_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.1071472","author":"Z Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao, Z., Liu, J., Weir, M. D., et al. (2022). Periodontal ligament stem cell-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2022.1071472","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"},{"key":"11088_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03998-5","volume":"15","author":"J Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Chen, L., Yu, J., et al. (2024). Advances in the roles and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell derived microRNAs on periodontal tissue regeneration. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 15, Article 393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-024-03998-5","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"},{"key":"11088_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1423226","author":"P Limlawan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Limlawan, P., & Vacharaksa, A. (2025). MicroRNA functions in osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells: A scoping review. Frontiers in Oral Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/froh.2025.1423226","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oral Health"},{"key":"11088_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000079","volume":"1","author":"W Sonoyama","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sonoyama, W., Liu, Y., Fang, D., et al. (2006). Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated functional tooth regeneration in swine. PLoS ONE, 1, Article e79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0000079","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"11088_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.03.001","volume":"34","author":"GTJ Huang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huang, G. T. J., Sonoyama, W., Liu, Y., et al. (2008). The hidden treasure in apical papilla: The potential role in pulp\/dentin regeneration and BioRoot engineering. Journal of Endodontics, 34, 645\u2013651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2008.03.001","journal-title":"Journal of Endodontics"},{"key":"11088_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.11.021","volume":"34","author":"W Sonoyama","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sonoyama, W., Liu, Y., Yamaza, T., et al. (2008). Characterization of the apical papilla and its residing stem cells from human immature permanent teeth: A pilot study. Journal of Endodontics, 34, 166\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2007.11.021","journal-title":"Journal of Endodontics"},{"key":"11088_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11072047","volume":"11","author":"Q Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, Q., Gao, Y., & He, J. (2023). Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs): Past, present, prospects, and challenges. Biomedicines, 11, Article 2047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines11072047","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"11088_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2018.00103","author":"OA Nada","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nada, O. A., & El Backly, R. M. (2018). Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) as a tool for endogenous tissue regeneration. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2018.00103","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"},{"key":"11088_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12629","volume":"49","author":"KM Galler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Galler, K. M., Krastl, G., Simon, S., et al. (2016). European Society of Endodontology position statement: Revitalization procedures. International Endodontic Journal, 49, 717\u2013723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.12629","journal-title":"International Endodontic Journal"},{"key":"11088_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13999","volume":"57","author":"M Sabeti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sabeti, M., Ghobrial, D., Zanjir, M., et al. (2024). Treatment outcomes of regenerative endodontic therapy in immature permanent teeth with pulpal necrosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. International Endodontic Journal, 57, 238\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.13999","journal-title":"International Endodontic Journal"},{"key":"11088_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.10.019","volume":"42","author":"AJ Smith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Smith, A. J., Duncan, H. F., Diogenes, A., et al. (2016). Exploiting the bioactive properties of the dentin-pulp complex in regenerative endodontics. Journal of Endodontics, 42, 47\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2015.10.019","journal-title":"Journal of Endodontics"},{"key":"11088_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.11.025","volume":"39","author":"KM Hargreaves","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hargreaves, K. M., Diogenes, A., & Teixeira, F. B. (2013). Treatment options: Biological basis of regenerative endodontic procedures. Journal of Endodontics, 39, S30\u2013S43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2012.11.025","journal-title":"Journal of Endodontics"},{"key":"11088_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17020147","volume":"17","author":"Y Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Qi, W., Wang, Z., & Niu, F. (2025). Exosome source matters: A comprehensive review from the perspective of diverse cellular origins. Pharmaceutics, 17, Article 147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics17020147","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"11088_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/2187392","author":"X Ning","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ning, X., Liu, R., Huang, Y., et al. (2024). Dental stem cell\u2010derived exosomes: A review of their isolation, classification, functions, and mechanisms. Stem Cells International. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/2187392","journal-title":"Stem Cells International"},{"key":"11088_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(04)00045-5","volume":"116","author":"DP Bartel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bartel, D. P. (2004). MicroRNAs: Genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell, 116, 281\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0092-8674(04)00045-5","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"11088_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, J., Hayder, H., Zayed, Y., Peng, C. (2018). Overview of MicroRNA Biogenesis, Mechanisms of Actions, and Circulation. Frontiers in Endocrinology (Lausanne), 9:. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00402","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00402"},{"key":"11088_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2015.02.001","volume":"13","author":"J Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Li, S., Li, L., et al. (2015). Exosome and exosomal microRNA: Trafficking, sorting, and function. Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics, 13, 17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gpb.2015.02.001","journal-title":"Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics"},{"key":"11088_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3724\/zdxbyxb-2022-0046","volume":"51","author":"J Zou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zou, J., Mao, J., & Shi, X. (2022). Influencing factors of pulp-dentin complex regeneration and related biological strategies. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 51, 350\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3724\/zdxbyxb-2022-0046","journal-title":"Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"11088_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-020-10117-3","volume":"17","author":"C Liang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liang, C., Liao, L., & Tian, W. (2021). Stem cell-based dental pulp regeneration: Insights from signaling pathways. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 17, 1251\u20131263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12015-020-10117-3","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reviews and Reports"},{"key":"11088_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.03.021","volume":"89","author":"JRJ Chew","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chew, J. R. J., Chuah, S. J., Teo, K. Y. W., et al. (2019). Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes enhance periodontal ligament cell functions and promote periodontal regeneration. Acta Biomaterialia, 89, 252\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.03.021","journal-title":"Acta Biomaterialia"},{"key":"11088_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12501","volume":"43","author":"H Tang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tang, H., Xia, Y., Yu, Y., et al. (2016). Stem cells derived from \u201cinflamed\u201d and healthy periodontal ligament tissues and their sheet functionalities: A patient\u2010matched comparison. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 43, 72\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12501","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology"},{"key":"11088_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14211","author":"M V\u00e4is\u00e4nen","year":"2025","unstructured":"V\u00e4is\u00e4nen, M., Siukosaari, P., & Tj\u00e4derhane, L. (2025). How epigenetics and miRNA affect gene expression in dental pulp inflammation: A narrative review. International Endodontic Journal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.14211","journal-title":"International Endodontic Journal"},{"key":"11088_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001","volume":"134","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 134, 178\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"11088_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page, M. J., Moher, D., Bossuyt, P. M., et al. (2021). PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: Updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, Article n160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n160","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"11088_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.05.013","volume":"189","author":"K Schneider","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schneider, K., Schwarz, M., Burkholder, I., et al. (2009). \u201cToxrtool\u201d, a new tool to assess the reliability of toxicological data. Toxicology Letters, 189, 138\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.05.013","journal-title":"Toxicology Letters"},{"key":"11088_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.05.019","volume":"131","author":"VH Sheth","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sheth, V. H., Shah, N. P., Jain, R., et al. (2024). Development and validation of a risk-of-bias tool for assessing in vitro studies conducted in dentistry: The QUIN. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 131, 1038\u20131042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.05.019","journal-title":"The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry"},{"key":"11088_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514531146","volume":"93","author":"F Sun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sun, F., Wan, M., Xu, X., et al. (2014). Crosstalk between miR-34a and Notch signaling promotes differentiation in apical papilla stem cells (SCAPs). Journal of Dental Research, 93, 589\u2013595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034514531146","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"11088_CR45","first-page":"10188","volume":"9","author":"FC Sun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sun, F. C., Ma, Y. K., Cai, Z. B., & Yang, Z. A. (2016). MiR-218 promotes osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cell through activation of Wnt signaling by targeting SFRP2. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, 9, 10188\u201310196.","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"key":"11088_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25931","volume":"118","author":"G-Q Yan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yan, G.-Q., Wang, X., Yang, F., et al. (2017). MicroRNA-22 promoted osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting HDAC6. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 118, 1653\u20131658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcb.25931","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Biochemistry"},{"key":"11088_CR47","first-page":"6444","volume":"10","author":"YD Cheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng, Y. D., Cao, F. D., Wu, J., et al. (2017). MicroRNA-374a promotes osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through directly targeting APC\/Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling pathway. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, 10, 6444\u20136452.","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"key":"11088_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16720-8","volume":"7","author":"F Wei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wei, F., Yang, S., Guo, Q., et al. (2017). MicroRNA-21 regulates osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting Smad5. Scientific Reports, 7, Article 16608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-16720-8","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"11088_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9301","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7821","volume":"16","author":"F Cao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cao, F., Zhan, J., Chen, X., et al. (2017). MiR-214 promotes periodontal ligament stem cell osteoblastic differentiation by modulating Wnt\/\u03b2\u2011catenin signaling. Molecular Medicine Reports, 16, 9301\u20139308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2017.7821","journal-title":"Molecular Medicine Reports"},{"key":"11088_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3028647","volume":"2017","author":"S Yao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yao, S., Zhao, W., Ou, Q., et al. (2017). MicroRNA-214 suppresses osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting ATF4. Stem Cells International, 2017, 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/3028647","journal-title":"Stem Cells International"},{"key":"11088_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2019.111562","volume":"383","author":"Z Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, Z., Ge, X., Lu, J., et al. (2019). MiR-141-3p regulates proliferation and senescence of stem cells from apical papilla by targeting YAP. Experimental Cell Research, 383, Article 111562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yexcr.2019.111562","journal-title":"Experimental Cell Research"},{"key":"11088_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2019.152722","volume":"215","author":"Y Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Ren, C., Zhao, X., et al. (2019). MicroRNA-132 inhibits osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells via GDF5 and the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. Pathology, Research and Practice, 215, Article 152722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prp.2019.152722","journal-title":"Pathology, Research and Practice"},{"key":"11088_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13861","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.28659","volume":"120","author":"S Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao, S., Cheng, Y., & Kim, J. G. (2019). MicroRNA-146a downregulates IL-17 and IL-35 and inhibits proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 120, 13861\u201313866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcb.28659","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Biochemistry"},{"key":"11088_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1089\/cell.2019.0026","volume":"21","author":"L Bao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bao, L., Zhang, X., Xu, Y., et al. (2019). Dysfunction of MiR-148a-NRP1 functional axis suppresses osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells under inflammatory microenvironment. Cellular Reprogramming, 21, 314\u2013322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cell.2019.0026","journal-title":"Cellular Reprogramming"},{"key":"11088_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2019.04.001","volume":"102","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Li, S., Yuan, S., et al. (2019). MicroRNA-23a inhibits osteogenesis of periodontal mesenchymal stem cells by targeting bone morphogenetic protein signaling. Archives of Oral Biology, 102, 93\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2019.04.001","journal-title":"Archives of Oral Biology"},{"key":"11088_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7411","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27499","volume":"234","author":"Z Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, Z., Sun, Y., Cao, S., et al. (2019). Downregulation of miR\u201024\u20103p promotes osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting SMAD family member 5. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234, 7411\u20137419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.27499","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Physiology"},{"key":"11088_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.582366","volume":"11","author":"J Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, J., Wang, X., Song, M., et al. (2020). MiR-497-5p regulates osteo\/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla via the Smad signaling pathway by targeting Smurf2. Frontiers in Genetics, 11, Article 582366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2020.582366","journal-title":"Frontiers in Genetics"},{"key":"11088_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.32604\/biocell.2020.010596","volume":"44","author":"Z Wei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wei, Z., Wang, Y., Du, M., et al. (2020). MiR-4262 regulates differentiation and osteogenesis of human periodontal stem cells by targeting suppressor of cytokine signaling 4. Biocell, 44, 631\u2013638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/biocell.2020.010596","journal-title":"Biocell"},{"key":"11088_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104930","volume":"120","author":"D Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu, D., & Ma, L. (2020). Downregulating microRNA-152-3p promotes the viability and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells via targeting integrin alpha 5. Archives of Oral Biology, 120, Article 104930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104930","journal-title":"Archives of Oral Biology"},{"key":"11088_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104818","volume":"117","author":"Y-H Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, Y.-H., Li, S.-Y., Yuan, S.-J., et al. (2020). MiR-375 promotes human periodontal ligament stem cells proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by targeting transducer of ERBB2, 2. Archives of Oral Biology, 117, Article 104818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104818","journal-title":"Archives of Oral Biology"},{"key":"11088_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0030","volume":"34","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Yang, J., & Sun, W. (2020). Upregulation of IL-10 expression inhibits the proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Brazilian Oral Research, 34, Article e030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0030","journal-title":"Brazilian Oral Research"},{"key":"11088_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5791181","volume":"2021","author":"L Fu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fu, L., Li, N., Ye, Y., et al. (2021). MicroRNA Hsa-Let-7b regulates the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting CTHRC1. Stem Cells International, 2021, Article 5791181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/5791181","journal-title":"Stem Cells International"},{"key":"11088_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2021.105165","volume":"129","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Wei, Z., Xia, T., & Shi, B. (2021). MicroRNA-146a downregulates interleukin-13 and inhibits the proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Archives of Oral Biology, 129, Article 105165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2021.105165","journal-title":"Archives of Oral Biology"},{"key":"11088_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12830","volume":"56","author":"H Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang, H., & Jia, P. (2021). MiR-153-3p inhibits osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through KDM6A-induced demethylation of H3K27me3. Journal of Periodontal Research, 56, 379\u2013387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jre.12830","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontal Research"},{"key":"11088_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu, F., Zhou, Z., Xue, Y., et al. (2021). Activation of mir-30a-wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway upregulates cathepsin K expression to promote cementogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao, 41: 1439\u20131447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12122\/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.10.01","DOI":"10.12122\/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.10.01"},{"key":"11088_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2021.105166","author":"L Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma, L., & Wu, D. (2021). MicroRNA-383\u20135p regulates osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting histone deacetylase 9. Archives of Oral Biology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2021.105166","journal-title":"Archives of Oral Biology"},{"key":"11088_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3674","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.64312","volume":"18","author":"X Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun, X., Li, M., Ban, J., & Li, Z. (2021). MiR-23b mediates TNF-\u03b1-inhibited osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting Runx2. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 18, 3674\u20133683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijms.64312","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"11088_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2021.101619","author":"L Hua","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hua, L., & Zhang, X. (2021). MALAT1 regulates osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells through mediating miR-155-5p\/ETS1 axis. Tissue & Cell. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2021.101619","journal-title":"Tissue & Cell"},{"key":"11088_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03676-1","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Wang, M., Zheng, Y., et al. (2022). MicroRNA-223 negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament derived cells by directly targeting growth factor receptors. Journal of Translational Medicine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-022-03676-1","journal-title":"Journal of Translational Medicine"},{"key":"11088_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3290\/j.cjdr.b3628171","volume":"25","author":"X Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu, X., Lu, J. F., Gao, M. Q., et al. (2022). MiR-146a-5p Promotes Dental Stem Cells Osteo\/odontogenic Differentiation through NF-Kappa B Signaling Pathway by Targeting TRAF6. The Chinese Journal of Dental Research, 25, 269\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3290\/j.cjdr.b3628171","journal-title":"The Chinese Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"11088_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2021.11.011","volume":"17","author":"XM Meng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meng, X. M., Wang, W. J., & Wang, X. L. (2022). MicroRNA-34a and microRNA-146a target CELF3 and suppress the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells under cyclic mechanical stretch. Journal of Dental Sciences, 17, 1281\u20131291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jds.2021.11.011","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Sciences"},{"key":"11088_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v20i6.2","volume":"20","author":"J Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, J., Zhang, L., Liu, C., & Liang, Y. (2022). MiR-497-5p promotes osteogenic\/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla by regulation of the TGF-\u03b2 Smad pathway through Smurf2. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 20, 1113\u20131118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/tjpr.v20i6.2","journal-title":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"11088_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v20i4.20","volume":"20","author":"T Mao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mao, T., Li, J., Peng, R., et al. (2022). MiR-452 negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation in periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting the polycomb-group protein, BMI1. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 20, 797\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/tjpr.v20i4.20","journal-title":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"11088_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03000-z","author":"F Shi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shi, F., He, R., Zhu, J., et al. (2022). miR-589-3p promoted osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through targeting ATF1. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03000-z","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"},{"key":"11088_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13666","volume":"55","author":"S Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao, S., Ge, L.-H., Zhao, Y.-M., et al. (2022). Hsa-miRNA-143-3p regulates the odontogenic differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla by targeting NFIC. International Endodontic Journal, 55, 263\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.13666","journal-title":"International Endodontic Journal"},{"key":"11088_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1080\/00016357.2021.1964593","volume":"80","author":"Q Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, Q., Lin, H., Ran, J., et al. (2022). MiR-200a-3p represses osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting ZEB2 and activating the NF-\u03baB pathway. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 80, 140\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00016357.2021.1964593","journal-title":"Acta Odontologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"11088_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2022.101369","volume":"124","author":"Y Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun, Y., Shi, J., Luo, X., & Xu, X. (2023). MicroRNA-142\u20133p regulates osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells via mediating SGK1. Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 124, Article 101369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jormas.2022.101369","journal-title":"Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"},{"key":"11088_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-09510-9","volume":"51","author":"S Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, S., Ren, Y., Li, J., et al. (2024). MicroRNA-671-5p regulates the inflammatory response of periodontal ligament stem cells via the DUSP8\/p38 MAPK pathway. Molecular Biology Reports, 51, Article 644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-024-09510-9","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"key":"11088_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-05617-y","volume":"25","author":"Q-H Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, Q.-H., Zhang, Y.-X., & Zhang, L. (2025). Potential of mir-299-5p to modulate LPS-induced inflammation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal stem cells by targeting PUM2. BMC Oral Health, 25, Article 271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-05617-y","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"11088_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-024-00963-9","volume":"113","author":"Q Shao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shao, Q., Liu, S., Zou, C., & Ai, Y. (2025). MiR-708-3p targetedly regulates LSD1 to promote osteoblast differentiation of hPDLSCs in periodontitis. Odontology, 113, 222\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10266-024-00963-9","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"11088_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S13287-025-04528-7","author":"H Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang, H., Huang, Y., Song, J., et al. (2025). Inhibition of miR-615-3p enhances dentinogenesis in scaps via PVT1-mediated mitochondrial regulation. Stem Cell Research & Therapy. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S13287-025-04528-7","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"},{"key":"11088_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2024.08.012","volume":"20","author":"J Guo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guo, J., Ouyang, X.-Y., Liu, J.-R., et al. (2025). MiR-508-5p suppresses osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells via targeting sex-determining region Y-related HMG-box 11. Journal of Dental Sciences, 20, 201\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jds.2024.08.012","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Sciences"},{"key":"11088_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-025-05887-3","volume":"82","author":"C Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, C., Miao, X., Li, Y., et al. (2025). Mechanistic insights into miR-584-5p-mediated inhibition of PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation through H2AFZ upregulation and RUNX2 suppression. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 82, Article 351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-025-05887-3","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences"},{"key":"11088_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2022.02.012","volume":"48","author":"P Kulthanaamondhita","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kulthanaamondhita, P., Kornsuthisopon, C., Photichailert, S., et al. (2022). Specific microRNAs regulate dental pulp stem cell behavior. Journal of Endodontics, 48, 688\u2013698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2022.02.012","journal-title":"Journal of Endodontics"},{"key":"11088_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03289-5","volume":"14","author":"P Iranmanesh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Iranmanesh, P., Vedaei, A., Salehi-Mazandarani, S., et al. (2023). MicroRNAs-mediated regulation of the differentiation of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A systematic review and bioinformatic analysis. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 14, Article 76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-023-03289-5","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"},{"key":"11088_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cao, L.-L., Zhang, Y.-J., Wang, J.-W., et al. (2022). Studies on microRNA regulation of multidirectional differentiation of dental pulp stem cells: A narrative review. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 26, 1816\u20131824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202203_28325","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202203_28325"},{"key":"11088_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncrna.2022.11.003","volume":"8","author":"A Sufianov","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sufianov, A., Beilerli, A., Begliarzade, S., et al. (2023). The role of noncoding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells. Non-Coding RNA Research, 8, 89\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ncrna.2022.11.003","journal-title":"Non-Coding RNA Research"},{"key":"11088_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-85612-z","volume":"15","author":"J Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, J., Tian, J., & Cai, T. (2025). Integrated analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs in thousands of single cells. Scientific Reports, 15, Article 1636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-85612-z","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"11088_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-024-02020-x","volume":"22","author":"J Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Liu, L., Wei, X., et al. (2024). Scanning sample-specific miRNA regulation from bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data. BMC Biology, 22, Article 218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12915-024-02020-x","journal-title":"BMC Biology"},{"key":"11088_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1111\/ODI.14491","volume":"29","author":"J Cao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cao, J., Zhang, Q., Yang, Q., et al. (2023). Epigenetic regulation of osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells in periodontitis. Oral Diseases, 29, 2529\u20132537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ODI.14491","journal-title":"Oral Diseases"},{"key":"11088_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22805","DOI":"10.1021\/ACSAMI.2C21933","volume":"15","author":"H Kuang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kuang, H., Ma, J., Chi, X., et al. (2023). Integrated osteoinductive factors\u2500Exosome@MicroRNA-26a hydrogel enhances bone regeneration. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 15, 22805\u201322816. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ACSAMI.2C21933","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces"},{"key":"11088_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hargreaves, K. M., Diogenes, A., & Teixeira, F. B. (2013). Treatment options: Biological basis of regenerative endodontic procedures. Journal of Endodontics, 39(3 Suppl), S30\u2013S43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2012.11.025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.11.025"},{"key":"11088_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1675707","volume":"16","author":"S Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang, S., Han, C., Wang, Q., Ai, Y., Wang, D., & Song, W. (2025). Therapeutic potential of exosomes in periodontal regeneration: Immunomodulatory and tissue-repair mechanisms. Frontiers in Immunology, 16, Article 1675707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1675707","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"11088_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03936-5","volume":"15","author":"EJ Xia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xia, E. J., Zou, S., Zhao, X., Liu, W., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, I. S. (2024). Extracellular vesicles as therapeutic tools in regenerative dentistry. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 15(1), Article 365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-024-03936-5","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"}],"container-title":["Stem Cell Reviews and Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12015-026-11088-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12015-026-11088-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12015-026-11088-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T19:54:18Z","timestamp":1781639658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12015-026-11088-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["11088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12015-026-11088-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2629-3269","2629-3277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2629-3269","type":"print"},{"value":"2629-3277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical Trial Number"}}]}}