{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:42:51Z","timestamp":1791222171856,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,30]],"date-time":"2014-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-014-8442-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T14:30:05Z","timestamp":1409322605000},"page":"207-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Animal Models in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Marion J.","family":"Pollheimer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Fickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"8442_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.046615","volume":"54","author":"EV Loftus Jr","year":"2005","unstructured":"Loftus EV Jr, Harewood GC, Loftus CG, Tremaine WJ, Harmsen WS, Zinsmeister AR et al (2005) PSC-IBD: a unique form of inflammatory bowel disease associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Gut 54:91\u201396","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"8442_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.4.610","volume":"38","author":"U Broome","year":"1996","unstructured":"Broome U, Olsson R, L\u00f6\u00f6f L, Bodemar G, Hultcrantz R, Danielsson A et al (1996) Natural history and prognostic factors in 305 Swedish patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Gut 38:610\u2013615","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"8442_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040420","volume":"11","author":"O Fausa","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fausa O, Schrumpf E, Elgjo K (1991) Relationship of inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Semin Liver Dis 11:31\u201339","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"8442_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020712-164014","volume":"24","author":"GM Hirschfield","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hirschfield GM, Gershwin ME (2013) The immunobiology and pathophysiology of primary biliary cirrhosis. Annu Rev Pathol 24:303\u2013330","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"8442_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2011.10.005","volume":"25","author":"GM Hirschfield","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hirschfield GM (2011) Diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 25:701\u2013712","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"8442_CR6","first-page":"55","volume":"13","author":"GM Hirschfield","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hirschfield GM, Gershwin ME (2011) Primary biliary cirrhosis: one disease with many faces. Isr Med Assoc J 13:55\u201359","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"8442_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.09.004","volume":"139","author":"GM Hirschfield","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hirschfield GM, Heathcote EJ, Gershwin ME (2010) Pathogenesis of cholestatic liver disease and therapeutic approaches. Gastroenterology 139:1481\u20131496","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-009-0164-5","volume":"31","author":"S Hohenester","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hohenester S, Oude-Elferink RP, Beuers U (2009) Primary biliary cirrhosis. Semin Immunopathol 31:283\u2013307","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"8442_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810440","volume":"360","author":"GM Hirschfield","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hirschfield GM, Liu X, Xu C, Lu Y, Xie G, Lu Y et al (2009) Primary biliary cirrhosis associated with HLA, IL12A, and IL12RB2 variants. N Engl J Med 360:2544\u20132555","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"8442_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.01.020","volume":"1","author":"TJ Weism\u00fcller","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weism\u00fcller TJ, Wedemeyer J, Kubicka S, Strassburg CP, Manns MP (2008) The challenges in primary sclerosing cholangitis\u2014aetiopathogenesis, autoimmunity, management and malignancy. J Hepatol 1:S38\u2013S57","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2010.01.011","volume":"42","author":"TH Karlsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Karlsen TH, Schrumpf E, Boberg KM (2010) Update on primary sclerosing cholangitis. Dig Liver Dis 42:390\u2013400","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"8442_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2001.0207","volume":"15","author":"JM Vierling","year":"2001","unstructured":"Vierling JM (2001) Animal models for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 15:591\u2013610","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"8442_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1983.182.07.710","volume":"182","author":"DF Edwards","year":"1983","unstructured":"Edwards DF, McCracken MD, Richardson DC (1983) Sclerosing cholangitis in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 182:710\u2013712","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"8442_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.54.769","volume":"54","author":"H Nakayama","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nakayama H, Uchida K, Lee SK, Uetsuka K, Hasegawa A, Goto N (1992) Three cases of feline sclerosing lymphocytic cholangitis. J Vet Med Sci 54:769\u2013771","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"8442_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985811419532","volume":"49","author":"AM Arenas-Gamboa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arenas-Gamboa AM, Bearss JJ, Hubbard GB, Porter BF, Owston MA, Dick EJ Jr (2012) Sclerosing cholangitis in baboons (Papio spp) resembling primary sclerosing cholangitis of humans. Vet Pathol 49:524\u2013527","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"8442_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garrett WS, Gallini CA, Yatsunenko T, Michaud M, DuBois A, Delaney ML, Punit S et al (2010) Enterobacteriaceae act in concert with the gut microbiota to induce spontaneous and maternally transmitted colitis. Cell Host Microbe 8:292\u2013300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.08.004"},{"key":"8442_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaser A, Lee AH, Franke A, Glickman JN, Zeissig S, Tilg H, Nieuwenhuis EE et al (2008) XBP1 links ER stress to intestinal inflammation and confers genetic risk for human inflammatory bowel disease. Cell 134:743\u2013756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.07.021"},{"key":"8442_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.3.1655","volume":"177","author":"S Oertelt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oertelt S, Lian ZX, Cheng CM, Chuang YH, Padgett KA, He XS et al (2006) Anti-mitochondrial antibodies and primary biliary cirrhosis in TGF-beta receptor II dominant-negative mice. J Immunol 177:1655\u20131660","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22226","volume":"47","author":"GX Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang GX, Lian ZX, Chuang YH, Moritoki Y, Lan RY, Wakabayashi K et al (2008) Adoptive transfer of CD8(+) T cells from transforming growth factor beta receptor type II (dominant negative form) induces autoimmune cholangitis in mice. Hepatology 47:1974\u20131982","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.11.035","volume":"136","author":"Y Moritoki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moritoki Y, Zhang W, Tsuneyama K, Yoshida K, Wakabayashi K, Yang GX et al (2009) B cells suppress the inflammatory response in a mouse model of primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 136:1037\u20131047","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22052","volume":"47","author":"YH Chuang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chuang YH, Lian ZX, Yang GX, Shu SA, Moritoki Y, Ridgway WM et al (2008) Natural killer T cells exacerbate liver injury in a transforming growth factor beta receptor II dominant-negative mouse model of primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 47:571\u2013580","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25829","volume":"57","author":"M Tsuda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tsuda M, Zhang W, Yang GX, Tsuneyama K, Ando Y, Kawata K et al (2013) Deletion of interleukin (IL)-12p35 induces liver fibrosis in dominant-negative TGF\u03b2 receptor type II mice. Hepatology 57:806\u2013816","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21385","volume":"44","author":"K Wakabayashi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wakabayashi K, Lian ZX, Moritoki Y, Lan RY, Tsuneyama K, Chuang YH et al (2006) IL-2 receptor alpha(\u2212\/\u2212) mice and the development of primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 44:1240\u20131249","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22591","volume":"49","author":"W Hsu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hsu W, Zhang W, Tsuneyama K, Moritoki Y, Ridgway WM, Ansari AA et al (2009) Differential mechanisms in the pathogenesis of autoimmune cholangitis versus inflammatory bowel disease in interleukin-2Ralpha(\u2212\/\u2212) mice. Hepatology 49:133\u2013140","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.02.009","volume":"51","author":"Y Yao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yao Y, Yang W, Yang YQ, Ma HD, Lu FT, Li L et al (2014) Distinct from its canonical effects, deletion of IL-12p40 induces cholangitis and fibrosis in interleukin-2R\u03b1(\u2212\/\u2212) mice. J Autoimmun 51:99\u2013108","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"8442_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051911","volume":"203","author":"J Irie","year":"2006","unstructured":"Irie J, Wu Y, Wicker LS, Rainbow D, Nalesnik MA, Hirsch R et al (2006) NOD.c3c4 congenic mice develop autoimmune biliary disease that serologically and pathogenetically models human primary biliary cirrhosis. Exp Med 203:1209\u20131219","journal-title":"Exp Med"},{"key":"8442_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2007.03.004","volume":"29","author":"Y Nakagome","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nakagome Y, Ueno Y, Kogure T, Fukushima K, Moritoki Y, Ridgway WM et al (2007) Autoimmune cholangitis in NOD.c3c4 mice is associated with cholangiocyte-specific Fas antigen deficiency. J Autoimmun 29:20\u201329","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"8442_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2011.01.005","volume":"268","author":"Y Moritoki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moritoki Y, Tsuda M, Tsuneyama K, Zhang W, Yoshida K, Lian ZX et al (2011) B cells promote hepatic inflammation, biliary cyst formation, and salivary gland inflammation in the NOD.c3c4 model of autoimmune cholangitis. Cell Immunol 268:16\u201323","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.02.020","volume":"134","author":"JT Salas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Salas JT, Banales JM, Sarvide S, Recalde S, Ferrer A, Uriarte I et al (2008) Ae2a, b-deficient mice develop antimitochondrial antibodies and other features resembling primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 134:1482\u20131493","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22651","volume":"49","author":"W Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang W, Sharma R, Ju ST, He XS, Tao Y, Tsuneyama K et al (2009) Deficiency in regulatory T cells results in development of antimitochondrial antibodies and autoimmune cholangitis. Hepatology 49:545\u2013552","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1827.2001.01223.x","volume":"51","author":"K Tsuneyama","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tsuneyama K, Nose M, Nisihara M, Katayanagi K, Harada K, Nakanuma Y (2001) Spontaneous occurrence of chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis and antimitochondrial autoantibodies in MRL\/lpr mice: possible animal model for primary biliary cirrhosis. Pathol Int 51:418\u2013424","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"8442_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1080\/00313020220131318","volume":"34","author":"K Ohba","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ohba K, Omagari K, Murase K, Hazama H, Masuda J, Kinoshita H et al (2002) A possible mouse model for spontaneous cholangitis: serological and histological characteristics of MRL\/lpr mice. Pathology 34:250\u2013256","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"8442_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1998.4599","volume":"89","author":"T Masanaga","year":"1998","unstructured":"Masanaga T, Watanabe Y, Van de Water J, Leung PS, Nakanishi T, Kajiyama G et al (1998) Induction and persistence of immune-mediated cholangiohepatitis in neonatally thymectomized mice. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 89:141\u2013149","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"8442_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.2000.0368","volume":"14","author":"Y Aisaka","year":"2000","unstructured":"Aisaka Y, Watanabe Y, Kamiyasu M, Masanaga T, Tsuji K, Nakanishi T et al (2000) Immune-mediated cholangiohepatitis in neonatally thymectomized mice: the role of T cells and analysis of T-cell receptor Vbeta usage. J Autoimmun 14:239\u2013246","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"8442_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22390","volume":"48","author":"K Wakabayashi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wakabayashi K, Lian ZX, Leung PS, Moritoki Y, Tsuneyama K, Kurth MJ et al (2008) Loss of tolerance in C57BL\/6 mice to the autoantigen E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase by a xenobiotic with ensuing biliary ductular disease. Hepatology 48:531\u2013540","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2008.03837.x","volume":"155","author":"K Wakabayashi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wakabayashi K, Yoshida K, Leung PS, Moritoki Y, Yang GX, Tsuneyama K et al (2009) Induction of autoimmune cholangitis in non-obese diabetic (NOD).1101 mice following a chemical xenobiotic immunization. Clin Exp Immunol 155:577\u2013586","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24044","volume":"53","author":"A Dhirapong","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dhirapong A, Lleo A, Yang GX, Tsuneyama K, Dunn R, Kehry M et al (2011) B cell depletion therapy exacerbates murine primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 53:527\u2013535","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24113","volume":"53","author":"SJ Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu SJ, Yang YH, Tsuneyama K, Leung PS, Illarionov P, Gershwin ME et al (2011) Innate immunity and primary biliary cirrhosis: activated invariant natural killer T cells exacerbate murine autoimmune cholangitis and fibrosis. Hepatology 53:915\u2013925","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2011.04453.x","volume":"166","author":"YM Ambrosini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ambrosini YM, Yang GX, Zhang W, Tsuda M, Shu S, Tsuneyama K et al (2011) The multi-hit hypothesis of primary biliary cirrhosis: polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and murine autoimmune cholangitis. Clin Exp Immunol 166:110\u2013120","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.2739\/kurumemedj.43.185","volume":"43","author":"T Ide","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ide T, Sata M, Suzuki H, Uchimura Y, Murashima S, Shirachi M et al (1996) An experimental animal model of primary biliary cirrhosis induced by lipopolysaccharide and pyruvate dehydrogenase. Kurume Med J 43:185\u2013188","journal-title":"Kurume Med J"},{"key":"8442_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.03.009","volume":"3","author":"J Mattner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mattner J, Savage PB, Leung P, Oertelt SS, Wang V, Trivedi O et al (2008) Liver autoimmunity triggered by microbial activation of natural killer T cells. Cell Host Microbe 3:304\u2013315","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"8442_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12162","volume":"174","author":"J Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang J, Shan Y, Jiang Z, Feng J, Li C, Ma L et al (2013) High frequencies of activated B cells and T follicular helper cells are correlated with disease activity in patients with new-onset rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 174:212\u2013220","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.4.2315","volume":"173","author":"S Koarada","year":"2004","unstructured":"Koarada S, Wu Y, Fertig N, Sass DA, Nalesnik M, Todd JA et al (2004) Genetic control of autoimmunity: protection from diabetes, but spontaneous autoimmune biliary disease in a nonobese diabetic congenic strain. J Immunol 173:2315\u20132323","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33634","volume":"35","author":"S Melero","year":"2002","unstructured":"Melero S, Spirl\u00ec C, Zsembery A, Medina JF, Joplin RE, Duner E et al (2002) Defective regulation of cholangiocyte Cl\u2212\/HCO3 (\u2212) and Na+\/H+ exchanger activities in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 35:1513\u20131521","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70564-0","volume":"117","author":"J Prieto","year":"1999","unstructured":"Prieto J, Garc\u00eda N, Mart\u00ed-Climent JM, Pe\u00f1uelas I, Richter JA, Medina JF (1999) Assessment of biliary bicarbonate secretion in humans by positron emission tomography. Gastroenterology 117:167\u2013172","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250104","volume":"25","author":"JF Medina","year":"1997","unstructured":"Medina JF, Mart\u00ednez-Ans\u00f3 VJJ, Prieto J (1997) Decreased anion exchanger 2 immunoreactivity in the liver of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 25:12\u201317","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/83784","volume":"27","author":"ME Brunkow","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brunkow ME, Jeffery EW, Hjerrild KA, Paeper B, Clark LB, Yasayko SA et al (2001) Disruption of a new forkhead\/winged-helix protein, scurfin, results in the fatal lymphoproliferative disorder of the scurfy mouse. Nat Genet 27:68\u201373","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"8442_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5874","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5874","volume":"174","author":"K Amano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Amano K, Leung PS, Rieger R, Quan C, Wang X, Marik J et al (2005) Chemical xenobiotics and mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis: identification of antibodies against a common environmental, cosmetic, and food additive, 2-octynoic acid. J Immunol 174:5874\u20135883","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.4.2651","volume":"179","author":"PS Leung","year":"2007","unstructured":"Leung PS, Park O, Tsuneyama K, Kurth MJ, Lam KS, Ansari AA et al (2007) Induction of primary biliary cirrhosis in guinea pigs following chemical xenobiotic immunization. J Immunol 179:2651\u20132657","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2011.04.014","volume":"35","author":"MJ Pollheimer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pollheimer MJ, Trauner M, Fickert P (2011) Will we ever model PSC?\u2014\"it's hard to be a PSC model!\". Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 35:792\u2013804","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"8442_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80432-3","volume":"22","author":"M Mourelle","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mourelle M, Salas A, Vilaseca J, Guarner F, Malagelada JR (1995) Induction of chronic cholangitis in the rat by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. J Hepatol 22:219\u2013225","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80116-6","volume":"33","author":"T Orth","year":"2000","unstructured":"Orth T, Neurath M, Schirmacher P, Galle PR, Mayet WJ (2000) A novel rat model of chronic fibrosing cholangitis induced by local administration of a hapten reagent into the dilated BD is associated with increased TNF-alpha production and autoantibodies. J Hepatol 33:862\u2013872","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310204","volume":"31","author":"K Tjandra","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tjandra K, Sharkey KA, Swain MG (2000) Progressive development of a Th1-type hepatic cytokine profile in rats with experimental cholangitis. Hepatology 31:280\u2013290","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.061133","volume":"171","author":"P Fickert","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fickert P, St\u00f6ger U, Fuchsbichler A, Moustafa T, Marschall HU, Weiglein AH et al (2007) A new xenobiotic-induced mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis and biliary fibrosis. Am J Pathol 171:525\u2013536","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"8442_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.11.033","volume":"58","author":"M Marzioni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marzioni M, Saccomanno S, Agostinelli L, Rychlicki C, De Minicis S, Pierantonelli I et al (2013) PDX-1\/Hes-1 interactions determine cholangiocyte proliferative response to injury in rodents: possible implications for sclerosing cholangitis. J Hepatol 58:750\u2013756","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.050404","volume":"168","author":"P Fickert","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fickert P, Fuchsbichler A, Marschall HU, Wagner M, Zollner G, Krause R et al (2006) Lithocholic acid feeding induces segmental BD obstruction and destructive cholangitis in mice. Am J Pathol 168:410\u2013422","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"8442_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.35948","volume":"123","author":"P Fickert","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fickert P, Zollner G, Fuchsbichler A, Stumptner C, Weiglein AH, Lammert F et al (2002) Ursodeoxycholic acid aggravates bile infarcts in BD-ligated and Mdr2 knockout mice via disruption of cholangioles. Gastroenterology 123:1238\u20131251","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.04.009","volume":"127","author":"P Fickert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fickert P, Fuchsbichler A, Wagner M, Zollner G, Kaser A, Tilg H et al (2004) Regurgitation of bile acids from leaky BDs causes sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2 (Abcb4) knockout mice. Gastroenterology 127:261\u2013274","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.06.025","volume":"43","author":"Y Popov","year":"2005","unstructured":"Popov Y, Patsenker E, Fickert P, Trauner M, Schuppan D et al (2005) Mdr2 (Abcb4)\u2212\/\u2212 mice spontaneously develop severe biliary fibrosis via massive dysregulation of pro- and antifibrogenic genes. J Hepatol 43:1045\u20131054","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63234-8","volume":"164","author":"PR Durie","year":"2004","unstructured":"Durie PR, Kent G, Phillips MJ, Ackerley CA (2004) Characteristic multiorgan pathology of cystic fibrosis in a long-living cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator knockout murine model. Am J Pathol 164:1481\u20131493","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"8442_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70464-6","volume":"117","author":"L Meerman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Meerman L, Koopen NR, Bloks V, Van Goor H, Havinga R, Wolthers BG et al (1999) Biliary fibrosis associated with altered bile composition in a mouse model of erythropoietic protoporphyria. Gastroenterology 117:696\u2013705","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1257","volume":"199","author":"L Libbrecht","year":"2003","unstructured":"Libbrecht L, Meerman L, Kuipers F, Roskams T, Desmet V, Jansen P (2003) Liver pathology and hepatocarcinogenesis in a long-term mouse model of erythropoietic protoporphyria. J Pathol 199:191\u2013200","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"8442_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1038\/79676","volume":"6","author":"W Jochum","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jochum W, David JP, Elliott C, Wutz A, Plenk H Jr, Matsuo K et al (2000) Increased bone formation and osteosclerosis in mice overexpressing the transcription factor Fra-1. Nat Med 6:980\u2013984","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"8442_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24175","volume":"53","author":"T Kireva","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kireva T, Erhardt A, Tiegs G, Tilg H, Denk H, Haybaeck J et al (2011) Transcription factor Fra-1 induces cholangitis and liver fibrosis. Hepatology 53:1259\u20131269","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1322731111","volume":"111","author":"H Nakagawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nakagawa H, Hikiba Y, Hirata Y, Font-Burgada J, Sakamoto K, Hayakawa Y et al (2014) Loss of liver E-cadherin induces sclerosing cholangitis and promotes carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:1090\u20131095","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"8442_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300138","volume":"30","author":"J Stephens","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stephens J, Cosyns M, Jones M, Hayward A (1999) Liver and bile duct pathology following Cryptosporidium parvum infection of immunodeficient mice. Hepatology 30:27\u201335","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.58.4.961-969.1990","volume":"58","author":"BL Ungar","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ungar BL, Burris JA, Quinn CA, Finkelman FD (1990) New mouse models for chronic Cryptosporidium infection in immunodeficient hosts. Infect Immun 58:961\u2013969","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"8442_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/163.6.1297","volume":"163","author":"JR Mead","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mead JR, Arrowood MJ, Sidwell RW, Healey MC (1991) Chronic Cryptosporidium parvum infections in congenitally immunodeficient SCID and nude mice. J Infect Dis 163:1297\u20131304","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"8442_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01861.x","volume":"128","author":"EM Ponnuraj","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ponnuraj EM, Hayward AR (2002) Requirement for TNF-Tnfrsf1 signalling for sclerosing cholangitis in mice chronically infected by Cryptosporidium parvum. Clin Exp Immunol 128:416\u2013420","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"8442_CR70","first-page":"959","volume":"145","author":"JM Ward","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ward JM, Anver MR, Haines DC, Benveniste RE (1994) Chronic active hepatitis in mice caused by Helicobacter hepaticus. Am J Pathol 145:959\u2013968","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"8442_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3667","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3667-3672.2003","volume":"71","author":"P Avenaud","year":"2003","unstructured":"Avenaud P, Le Bail B, Mayo K, Marais A, Fawaz R, Bioulac-Sage P et al (2003) Natural history of Helicobacter hepaticus infection in conventional A\/J mice, with special reference to liver involvement. Infect Immun 71:3667\u20133672","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"8442_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6050","volume":"95","author":"P Georgiev","year":"2008","unstructured":"Georgiev P, Jochum W, Heinrich S, Jang JH, Nocito A, Dahm F et al (2008) Characterization of time-related changes after experimental bile duct ligation. Br J Surg 95:646\u2013656","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"8442_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02919752","volume":"10","author":"SN Lichtman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lichtman SN, Sartor RB (1991) Hepatobiliary injury associated with experimental small-bowel bacterial overgrowth in rats. Immunol Res 10:528\u2013531","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"8442_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S1076-6332(05)80410-6","volume":"2","author":"SN Lichtman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lichtman SN, Wang J, Clark RL (1995) A microcholangiographic study of liver disease models in rats. Acad Radiol 2:515\u2013521","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"8442_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02365447","volume":"29","author":"S Yamada","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yamada S, Ishii M, Liang LS, Yamamoto T, Toyota T (1994) Small duct cholangitis induced by N-formyl L-methionine L-leucine L-tyrosine in rats. J Gastroenterol 29:631\u2013636","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"8442_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.1999.tb00043.x","volume":"19","author":"S Yamada","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yamada S, Ishii M, Kisara N, Nagatomi R, Toyota T (1999) Macrophages are essential for lymphocyte infiltration in formyl peptide-induced cholangitis in rat liver. Liver 19:253\u2013258","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"8442_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2003.03333.x","volume":"19","author":"Y Numata","year":"2004","unstructured":"Numata Y, Tazuma S, Nishioka T, Ueno Y, Chayama K (2004) Immune response in mouse experimental cholangitis associated with colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 19:910\u2013915","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015330809095","volume":"47","author":"K Tjandra","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tjandra K, Le T, Swain MG (2002) Experimental colitis attenuates development of toxin-induced cholangitis in rats. Dig Dis Sci 47:1216\u20131223","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"8442_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03927.x","volume":"48","author":"A Nonomura","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nonomura A, Kono N, Minato H (1998) Nakanuma Y (1998) Diffuse biliary tract involvement mimicking primary sclerosing cholangitis in an experimental model of chronic graft-versus-host disease in mice. Pathol Int 48:421\u2013427","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"8442_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1999.00547.x","volume":"29","author":"T Orth","year":"1999","unstructured":"Orth T, Neurath M, Schirmacher P, Treichel U, Meyer zum B\u00fcschenfelde KH, Mayet W (1999) Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in a rat model of trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid-induced liver injury. Eur J Clin Invest 29:929\u2013939","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"8442_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.10.025","volume":"42","author":"M Beaussier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Beaussier M, Wendum D, Fouassier L, Rey C, Barbu V, Lasnier E et al (2005) Adaptative bile duct proliferative response in experimental bile duct ischemia. J Hepatol 42:257\u2013265","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.10.020","volume":"131","author":"J Buxbaum","year":"2006","unstructured":"Buxbaum J, Qian P, Khuu C, Shneider BL, Daikh DI, Gershwin ME et al (2006) Novel model of antigen-specific induction of bile duct injury. Gastroenterology 131:1899\u20131906","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26702","volume":"59","author":"D Seidel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seidel D, Eickmeier I, K\u00fchl AA, Hamann A, Loddenkemper C, Schott E (2014) CD8 T cells primed in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue induce immune-mediated cholangitis in mice. Hepatology 59:601\u2013611","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ernst TM, Schwinge D, Raabe N, Daubmann A, Kaul MG, Adam G, et al (2014) Imaging of the murine biliopancreatic tract at 7 tesla: technique and results in a model of primary sclerosing cholangitis. J Magn Reson Imaging. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.24475","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24475"},{"key":"8442_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90380-9","volume":"75","author":"JJ Smit","year":"1993","unstructured":"Smit JJ, Schinkel AH, Oude Elferink RP, Groen AK, Wagenaar E, van Deemter L et al (1993) Homozygous disruption of the murine mdr2 P-glycoprotein gene leads to a complete absence of phospholipid from bile and to liver disease. Cell 75:451\u2013462","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"8442_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22891","volume":"49","author":"E Halilbasic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Halilbasic E, Fiorotto R, Fickert P, Marschall HU, Moustafa T, Spirli C et al (2009) Side chain structure determines unique physiologic and therapeutic properties of norursodeoxycholic acid in Mdr2\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Hepatology 49:1972\u20131981","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.186528","volume":"59","author":"A Baghdasaryan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baghdasaryan A, Claudel T, Kosters A, Gumhold J, Silbert D, Th\u00fcringer A et al (2010) Curcumin improves sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2\u2212\/\u2212 mice by inhibition of cholangiocyte inflammatory response and portal myofibroblast proliferation. Gut 59:521\u2013530","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"8442_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24537","volume":"54","author":"A Baghdasaryan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baghdasaryan A, Claudel T, Gumhold J, Silbert D, Adorini L, Roda A et al (2011) Dual farnesoid X receptor\/TGR5 agonist INT-767 reduces liver injury in the Mdr2\u2212\/\u2212 (Abcb4\u2212\/\u2212) mouse cholangiopathy model by promoting biliary HCO\u22123 output. Hepatology 54:1303\u20131312","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.09.051","volume":"142","author":"T Moustafa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moustafa T, Fickert P, Magnes C, Guelly C, Thueringer A, Frank S et al (2012) Alterations in lipid metabolism mediate inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation in a mouse model of chronic cholestatic liver injury. Gastroenterology 142:140\u2013151","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25942","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025942","volume":"6","author":"H Ehlken","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ehlken H, Kondylis V, Heinrichsdorff J, Ochoa-Callejero L, Roskams T, Pasparakis M (2011) Hepatocyte IKK2 protects Mdr2\u2212\/\u2212 mice from chronic liver failure. PLoS One 6:e25942","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8442_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24711","volume":"55","author":"R Barikbin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barikbin R, Neureiter D, Wirth J, Erhardt A, Schwinge D, Kluwe J et al (2012) Induction of heme oxygenase 1 prevents progression of liver fibrosis in Mdr2 knockout mice. Hepatology 55:553\u2013562","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2010.162","volume":"91","author":"I Strack","year":"2011","unstructured":"Strack I, Schulte S, Varnholt H, Schievenbusch S, T\u00f6x U, Wendland K et al (2011) \u03b2-Adrenoceptor blockade in sclerosing cholangitis of Mdr2 knockout mice: antifibrotic effects in a model of nonsinusoidal fibrosis. Lab Invest 91:252\u2013261","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"8442_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23469","volume":"51","author":"L Blaas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blaas L, Kornfeld JW, Schramek D, Musteanu M, Zollner G, Gumhold J et al (2010) Disruption of the growth hormone\u2013signal transducer and activator of transcription 5\u2013insulinlike growth factor 1 axis severely aggravates liver fibrosis in a mouse model of cholestasis. Hepatology 51:1319\u20131326","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8442_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-960172","volume":"27","author":"M Trauner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Trauner M, Fickert P, Wagner M (2007) MDR3 (ABCB4) defects: a paradigm for the genetics of adult cholestatic syndromes. Semin Liver Dis 27:77\u201398","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"8442_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.07.033","volume":"50","author":"L Henckaerts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Henckaerts L, Jaspers M, Van Steenbergen W, Vliegen L, Fevery J, Nuytten H et al (2009) Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene polymorphisms in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. J Hepatol 50:150\u2013157","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1126\/science.257.5073.1083","volume":"257","author":"JN Snouwaert","year":"1992","unstructured":"Snouwaert JN, Brigman KK, Latour AM, Malouf NN, Boucher RC, Smithies O et al (1992) An animal model for cystic fibrosis made by gene targeting. Science 257:1083\u20131088","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"8442_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/359211a0","volume":"359","author":"JR Dorin","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dorin JR, Dickinson P, Alton EW, Smith SN, Geddes DM, Stevenson BJ et al (1992) Cystic fibrosis in the mouse by targeted insertional mutagenesis. Nature 359:211\u2013215","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"8442_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.381","volume":"41","author":"JC Barrett","year":"2009","unstructured":"Barrett JC, Clayton DG, Concannon P, Akolkar B, Cooper JD, Erlich HA et al (2009) Genome-wide association study and meta-analysis find that over 40 loci affect risk of type 1 diabetes. Nat Genet 41:703\u2013707","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"8442_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118253","volume":"96","author":"BG Zeiher","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zeiher BG, Eichwald E, Zabner J, Smith JJ, Puga AP, McCray PB Jr et al (1995) A mouse model for the delta F508 allele of cystic fibrosis. J Clin Invest 96:2051\u20132064","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"8442_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.06.078","volume":"141","author":"S Lyoumi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lyoumi S, Abitbol M, Rainteau D, Karim Z, Bernex F, Oustric V et al (2011) Protoporphyrin retention in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells prevents sclerosing cholangitis in erythropoietic protoporphyria mouse model. Gastroenterology 141:1509\u20131519","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8442_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.09.019","volume":"60","author":"P Fickert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fickert P (2014) Time to say goodbye to the drug or the model?\u2014why do drugs fail to live up to their promise in bile duct ligated mice? J Hepatol 60:12\u201315","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8442_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0895-445","volume":"10","author":"WH Colledge","year":"1995","unstructured":"Colledge WH, Abella BS, Southern KW, Ratcliff R, Jiang C, Cheng SH et al (1995) Generation and characterization of a delta F508 cystic fibrosis mouse model. Nat Genet 10:445\u2013452","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"8442_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.2.555-562.1991","volume":"59","author":"SN Lichtman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lichtman SN, Keku J, Schwab JH, Sartor RB (1991) Evidence for peptidoglycan absorption in rats with experimental small bowel bacterial overgrowth. Infect Immun 59:555\u2013562","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"8442_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90224-9","volume":"100","author":"SN Lichtman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lichtman SN, Sartor RB (1991) Duct proliferation following biliary obstruction in the rat. Gastroenterology 100:1785\u20131787","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Clinical Reviews in Allergy &amp; Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-014-8442-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12016-014-8442-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-014-8442-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T11:48:15Z","timestamp":1746359295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12016-014-8442-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,30]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["8442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-014-8442-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-0549","1559-0267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-0549","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,30]]}}}