{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:28:09Z","timestamp":1787502489578,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,12]],"date-time":"2015-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8483-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T01:48:51Z","timestamp":1426038531000},"page":"132-141","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Incidence and Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Guanghua","family":"Rong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Bowlus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinying","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhui","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjing","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Eric","family":"Gershwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"8483_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.034","volume":"50","author":"W Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang W, Kachapati K, Adams D et al (2014) Murine autoimmune cholangitis requires two hits: cytotoxic KLRG1(+) CD8 effector cells and defective T regulatory cells. J Autoimmun 50:123\u2013134","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"8483_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-014-0439-3","volume":"36","author":"E Liaskou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liaskou E, Hirschfield GM, Gershwin ME (2014) Mechanisms of tissue injury in autoimmune liver diseases. Semin Immunopathol 36:553\u2013568","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"8483_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang L, Sun Y, Zhang Z et al (2015) CXCR5 CD4 T follicular helper cells participate in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology\u00a061:627\u2013638","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27306"},{"key":"8483_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26979","volume":"59","author":"CY Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang CY, Ma X, Tsuneyama K et al (2014) IL-12\/Th1 and IL-23\/Th17 biliary microenvironment in primary biliary cirrhosis: implications for therapy. Hepatology 59:1944\u20131953","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.02.009","volume":"51","author":"Y Yao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yao Y, Yang W, Yang YQ et al (2014) Distinct from its canonical effects, deletion of IL-12p40 induces cholangitis and fibrosis in interleukin-2Ralpha(-\/-) mice. J Autoimmun 51:99\u2013108","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"8483_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27313","volume":"60","author":"J Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zhang W, Leung PS et al (2014) Ongoing activation of autoantigen-specific B cells in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 60:1708\u20131716","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27230","volume":"60","author":"A Lleo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lleo A, Zhang W, McDonald WH et al (2014) Shotgun proteomics: identification of unique protein profiles of apoptotic bodies from biliary epithelial cells. Hepatology 60:1314\u20131323","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61965-4","volume":"377","author":"C Selmi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Selmi C, Bowlus CL, Gershwin ME, Coppel RL (2011) Primary biliary cirrhosis. Lancet 377:1600\u20131609","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"8483_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014","volume":"127","author":"G Fattovich","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fattovich G, Stroffolini T, Zagni I, Donato F (2004) Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: incidence and risk factors. Gastroenterology 127:S35\u2013S50","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8483_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trivedi PJ, Lammers WJ, van Buuren HR et al (2015) Stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma risk in primary biliary cirrhosis: a multicentre international study. Gut. doi: 10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308351","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308351"},{"key":"8483_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23095","volume":"50","author":"A Cavazza","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cavazza A, Caballer\u00eda L, Floreani A et al (2009) Incidence, risk factors, and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis: comparative analysis from two centers. Hepatology 50:1162\u20131168","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26176","volume":"57","author":"K Harada","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harada K, Hirohara J, Ueno Y et al (2013) Incidence of and risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis: national data from Japan. Hepatology 57:1942\u20131949","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR13","first-page":"1236A","volume":"52","author":"G Teuber","year":"2010","unstructured":"Teuber G, Schaefer A, Berger A et al (2010) Previous hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a strong risk factor for the severity of inflammatory activity and the extent of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 52:1236A","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR14","first-page":"827","volume":"17","author":"K Tanaka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tanaka K, Nagao Y, Ide T, Kumashiro R, Sata M (2006) Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C virus-infected persons: a 12-year prospective study. Int J Mol Med 17:827\u2013832","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"8483_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-004-2818-1","volume":"34","author":"K Ohba","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ohba K, Kubo S, Tamori A et al (2004) Previous or occult hepatitis B virus infection in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative and anti-hepatitis C-negative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg Today 34:842\u2013848","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"8483_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.2.284","volume":"45","author":"H Marusawa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Marusawa H, Osaki Y, Kimura T et al (1999) High prevalence of anti-hepatitis B virus serological markers in patients with hepatitis C virus related chronic liver disease in Japan. Gut 45:284\u2013288","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"8483_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-9-200705010-00008","volume":"146","author":"K Ikeda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ikeda K, Marusawa H, Osaki Y et al (2007) Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen and risk for hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma. A prospective study. Ann Intern Med 146:649\u2013656","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"8483_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2009.01085.x","volume":"16","author":"K Ikeda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ikeda K, Kobayashi M, Someya T et al (2009) Occult hepatitis B virus infection increases hepatocellular carcinogenesis by eight times in patients with non-B, non-C liver cirrhosis: a cohort study. J Viral Hepat 16:437\u2013443","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"8483_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520801935459","volume":"43","author":"S Adachi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Adachi S, Shibuya A, Miura Y, Takeuchi A, Nakazawa T, Saigenji K (2008) Impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection and prior hepatitis B virus infection on development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C virus. Scand J Gastroenterol 43:849\u2013856","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"8483_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8467","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008467","volume":"4","author":"J Lu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lu J, Zhou Y, Lin X et al (2009) General epidemiological parameters of viral hepatitis A, B, C, and E in six regions of China: a cross-sectional study in 2007. PLoS One 4:e8467","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"8483_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.3.743","volume":"13","author":"J Gao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gao J, Xie L, Yang WS et al (2012) Risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma\u2014current status and perspectives. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 13:743\u2013752","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"8483_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.12.019","volume":"412","author":"DP Bogdanos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bogdanos DP, Komorowski L (2011) Disease-specific autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis. Clin Chim Acta 412:502\u2013512","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"8483_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906","volume":"50","author":"KD Lindor","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lindor KD, Gershwin ME, Poupon R, Kaplan M, Bergasa NV, Heathcote EJ (2009) Primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 50:291\u2013308","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20933","volume":"42","author":"J Bruix","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bruix J, Sherman M (2005) Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 42:1208\u20131236","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"061","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1247133","volume":"30","author":"A Forner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Forner A, Reig ME, de Lope CR, Bruix J (2010) Current strategy for staging and treatment: the BCLC update and future prospects. Semin Liver Dis 30:061\u2013074","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"8483_CR26","unstructured":"Alcoholic Liver Disease Study Group of the Chinese Liver Disease Association (2010) Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment for alcoholic liver diseases. Chin J Clin Hepatol 2:49\u201353"},{"key":"8483_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.596","volume":"105","author":"A Granito","year":"2009","unstructured":"Granito A, Yang W-H, Muratori L et al (2009) PML nuclear body component Sp140 is a novel autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 105:125\u2013131","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"8483_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.50.4462","volume":"50","author":"H Ishibashi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ishibashi H, Komori A, Shimoda S, Ambrosini YM, Gershwin ME, Nakamura M (2011) Risk factors and prediction of long-term outcome in primary biliary cirrhosis. Intern Med 50:1\u201310","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"8483_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S1568-9972(02)00050-2","volume":"1","author":"J Findor","year":"2002","unstructured":"Findor J, He X-S, Sord J, Terg R, Gershwin ME (2002) Primary biliary cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Autoimmun Rev 1:220\u2013225","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"8483_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24005","volume":"52","author":"C Macaron","year":"2010","unstructured":"Macaron C, Hanouneh IA, Zein NN (2010) Incidence and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 52:2240","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)91785-4","volume":"1","author":"SN Zaman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Zaman SN, Melia WM, Johnson RD, Portmann BC, Johnson PJ, Williams R (1985) Risk factors in development of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: prospective study of 613 patients. Lancet 1:1357\u20131360","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"8483_CR32","first-page":"1160","volume":"96","author":"L Caballeria","year":"2001","unstructured":"Caballeria L, Pares A, Castells A, Gines A, Bru C, Rodes J (2001) Hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis: similar incidence to that in hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 96:1160\u20131163","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"8483_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80307-1","volume":"21","author":"F Farinati","year":"1994","unstructured":"Farinati F, Floreani A, De Maria N, Fagiuoli S, Naccarato R, Chiaramonte M (1994) Hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Hepatol 21:315\u2013316","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8483_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.25172","volume":"34","author":"C Br\u00e9chot","year":"2001","unstructured":"Br\u00e9chot C, Thiers V, Kremsdorf D, Nalpas B, Pol S, Paterlini-Br\u00e9chot P (2001) Persistent hepatitis B virus infection in subjects without hepatitis B surface antigen: clinically significant or purely \u201coccult\u201d? Hepatology 34:194\u2013203","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.10.007","volume":"46","author":"G Raimondo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Raimondo G, Pollicino T, Cacciola I, Squadrito G (2007) Occult hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol 46:160\u2013170","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8483_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.016","volume":"127","author":"C Br\u00e9chot","year":"2004","unstructured":"Br\u00e9chot C (2004) Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: old and new paradigms. Gastroenterology 127:S56\u2013S61","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8483_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.10.031","volume":"138","author":"AS Lok","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lok AS, Sterling RK, Everhart JE et al (2010) Des-\u03b3-carboxy prothrombin and \u03b1-fetoprotein as biomarkers for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 138:493\u2013502","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8483_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00053-2","volume":"34","author":"F Trevisani","year":"2001","unstructured":"Trevisani F, D'Intino PE, Morselli-Labate AM et al (2001) Serum alpha-fetoprotein for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease: influence of HBsAg and anti-HCV status. J Hepatol 34:570\u2013575","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"8483_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33157","volume":"35","author":"A Shibuya","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shibuya A, Tanaka K, Miyakawa H et al (2002) Hepatocellular carcinoma and survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 35:1172\u20131178","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"8483_CR40","first-page":"1495","volume":"22","author":"EM Kuiper","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kuiper EM, Hansen BE, Adang RP et al (2010) Relatively high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis not responding to ursodeoxycholic acid. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 22:1495\u20131502","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Reviews in Allergy &amp; Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-015-8483-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12016-015-8483-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-015-8483-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T21:48:59Z","timestamp":1559425739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12016-015-8483-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,12]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["8483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-015-8483-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-0549","1559-0267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-0549","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,12]]}}}