{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:39:07Z","timestamp":1793396347184,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,30]],"date-time":"2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF-2013-02355470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2013-02355470"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MFAG 2016 ID 18475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MFAG 2016 ID 18475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRIN 2015YYKPNN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN 2015YYKPNN"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8648-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,29]],"date-time":"2017-09-29T22:39:39Z","timestamp":1506724779000},"page":"308-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":513,"title":["Sexual Dimorphism in Innate Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Jaillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Berthenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Garlanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"8648_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.90","volume":"16","author":"SL Klein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Klein SL, Flanagan KL (2016) Sex differences in immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 16(10):626\u2013638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri.2016.90","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8648_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2394","volume":"8","author":"EN Fish","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fish EN (2008) The X-files in immunity: sex-based differences predispose immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 8(9):737\u2013744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2394","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"8648_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2815","volume":"10","author":"C Libert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Libert C, Dejager L, Pinheiro I (2010) The X chromosome in immune functions: when a chromosome makes the difference. Nat Rev Immunol 10(8):594\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2815","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005374","volume":"12","author":"LG Steeg vom","year":"2016","unstructured":"vom Steeg LG, Klein SL (2016) SeXX matters in infectious disease pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog 12(2):e1005374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005374","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12326","volume":"14","author":"C Giefing-Kroll","year":"2015","unstructured":"Giefing-Kroll C, Berger P, Lepperdinger G, Grubeck-Loebenstein B (2015) How sex and age affect immune responses, susceptibility to infections, and response to vaccination. Aging Cell 14(3):309\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.12326","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.108.093971","volume":"183","author":"EM Hill-Burns","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hill-Burns EM, Clark AG (2009) X-linked variation in immune response in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 183(4):1477\u20131491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1534\/genetics.108.093971","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2016.03.005","volume":"28","author":"S Jaillon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jaillon S, Ponzetta A, Magrini E, Barajon I, Barbagallo M et al (2016) Fluid phase recognition molecules in neutrophil-dependent immune responses. Semin Immunol 28(2):109\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smim.2016.03.005","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"8648_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101305","volume":"28","author":"B Bottazzi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bottazzi B, Doni A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A (2010) An integrated view of humoral innate immunity: pentraxins as a paradigm. Annu Rev Immunol 28:157\u2013183","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8648_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39853","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039853","volume":"7","author":"MG Torcia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Torcia MG, Nencioni L, Clemente AM, Civitelli L, Celestino I et al (2012) Sex differences in the response to viral infections: TLR8 and TLR9 ligand stimulation induce higher IL10 production in males. PLoS One 7(6):e39853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0039853","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-200116050-00003","volume":"16","author":"K Asai","year":"2001","unstructured":"Asai K, Hiki N, Mimura Y, Ogawa T, Unou K et al (2001) Gender differences in cytokine secretion by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: role of estrogen in modulating LPS-induced cytokine secretion in an ex vivo septic model. Shock 16(5):340\u2013343","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.4.2088","volume":"177","author":"B Berghofer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Berghofer B, Frommer T, Haley G, Fink L, Bein G et al (2006) TLR7 ligands induce higher IFN-alpha production in females. J Immunol 177(4):2088\u20132096","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"8648_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2004","volume":"15","author":"A Meier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Meier A, Chang JJ, Chan ES, Pollard RB, Sidhu HK et al (2009) Sex differences in the toll-like receptor-mediated response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to HIV-1. Nat Med 15(8):955\u2013959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-08-371831","volume":"119","author":"C Seillet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Seillet C, Laffont S, Tremollieres F, Rouquie N, Ribot C et al (2012) The TLR-mediated response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells is positively regulated by estradiol in vivo through cell-intrinsic estrogen receptor alpha signaling. Blood 119(2):454\u2013464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2011-08-371831","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5459","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1203312","volume":"190","author":"C Seillet","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seillet C, Rouquie N, Foulon E, Douin-Echinard V, Krust A et al (2013) Estradiol promotes functional responses in inflammatory and steady-state dendritic cells through differential requirement for activation function-1 of estrogen receptor alpha. J Immunol 190(11):5459\u20135470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1203312","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5327","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501684","volume":"195","author":"M Griesbeck","year":"2015","unstructured":"Griesbeck M, Ziegler S, Laffont S, Smith N, Chauveau L et al (2015) Sex Differences in plasmacytoid dendritic cell levels of IRF5 drive higher IFN-alpha production in women. J Immunol 195(11):5327\u20135336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1501684","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"17","key":"8648_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17005","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412584200","volume":"280","author":"A Schoenemeyer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schoenemeyer A, Barnes BJ, Mancl ME, Latz E, Goutagny N et al (2005) The interferon regulatory factor, IRF5, is a central mediator of toll-like receptor 7 signaling. J Biol Chem 280(17):17005\u201317012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M412584200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5444","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1303400","volume":"193","author":"S Laffont","year":"2014","unstructured":"Laffont S, Rouquie N, Azar P, Seillet C, Plumas J et al (2014) X-Chromosome complement and estrogen receptor signaling independently contribute to the enhanced TLR7-mediated IFN-alpha production of plasmacytoid dendritic cells from women. J Immunol 193(11):5444\u20135452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1303400","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2006.01.004","volume":"71","author":"I Marriott","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marriott I, Bost KL, Huet-Hudson YM (2006) Sexual dimorphism in expression of receptors for bacterial lipopolysaccharides in murine macrophages: a possible mechanism for gender-based differences in endotoxic shock susceptibility. J Reprod Immunol 71(1):12\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2006.01.004","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"issue":"22","key":"8648_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5918","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-03-340281","volume":"118","author":"RS Scotland","year":"2011","unstructured":"Scotland RS, Stables MJ, Madalli S, Watson P, Gilroy DW (2011) Sex differences in resident immune cell phenotype underlie more efficient acute inflammatory responses in female mice. Blood 118(22):5918\u20135927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2011-03-340281","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/132.3.316","volume":"132","author":"JE McGowan Jr","year":"1975","unstructured":"McGowan JE Jr, Barnes MW, Finland M (1975) Bacteremia at Boston City Hospital: occurrence and mortality during 12 selected years (1935-1972), with special reference to hospital-acquired cases. J Infect Dis 132(3):316\u2013335","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"24","key":"8648_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3452","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490240060037","volume":"268","author":"RC Bone","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bone RC (1992) Toward an epidemiology and natural history of SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome). JAMA 268(24):3452\u20133455","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR22","first-page":"171","volume":"43","author":"F Fourrier","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fourrier F, Jallot A, Leclerc L, Jourdain M, Racadot A et al (1994) Sex steroid hormones in circulatory shock, sepsis syndrome, and septic shock. Circ Shock 43(4):171\u2013178","journal-title":"Circ Shock"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR23","first-page":"295","volume":"170","author":"RE Barrow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Barrow RE, Herndon DN (1990) Incidence of mortality in boys and girls after severe thermal burns. Surg Gynecol Obstet 170(4):295\u2013298","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.133.11.1200","volume":"133","author":"J Schroder","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schroder J, Kahlke V, Staubach KH, Zabel P, Stuber F (1998) Gender differences in human sepsis. Arch Surg 133(11):1200\u20131205","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2012.009","volume":"14","author":"M Kisat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kisat M, Villegas CV, Onguti S, Zafar SN, Latif A et al (2013) Predictors of sepsis in moderately severely injured patients: an analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank. Surg Infect 14(1):62\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2012.009","journal-title":"Surg Infect"},{"issue":"9","key":"8648_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.134.9.935","volume":"134","author":"PJ Offner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Offner PJ, Moore EE, Biffl WL (1999) Male gender is a risk factor for major infections after surgery. Arch Surg 134(9):935\u2013938 discussion 938-940","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819da853","volume":"37","author":"MC Reade","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reade MC, Yende S, D'Angelo G, Kong L, Kellum JA et al (2009) Differences in immune response may explain lower survival among older men with pneumonia. Crit Care Med 37(5):1655\u20131662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819da853","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.26982","volume":"5","author":"MK Angele","year":"2014","unstructured":"Angele MK, Pratschke S, Hubbard WJ, Chaudry IH (2014) Gender differences in sepsis: cardiovascular and immunological aspects. Virulence 5(1):12\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/viru.26982","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"12","key":"8648_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.05202-11","volume":"18","author":"CT Newsome","year":"2011","unstructured":"Newsome CT, Flores E, Ayala A, Gregory S, Reichner JS (2011) Improved antimicrobial host defense in mice following poly-(1,6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,3)-beta-D-glucopyranose glucan treatment by a gender-dependent immune mechanism. Clin Vaccine Immunol 18(12):2043\u20132049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CVI.05202-11","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(88)90254-3","volume":"29","author":"N Christeff","year":"1988","unstructured":"Christeff N, Benassayag C, Carli-Vielle C, Carli A, Nunez EA (1988) Elevated oestrogen and reduced testosterone levels in the serum of male septic shock patients. J Steroid Biochem 29(4):435\u2013440","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem"},{"issue":"12","key":"8648_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051457","volume":"7","author":"S Drechsler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Drechsler S, Weixelbaumer K, Raeven P, Jafarmadar M, Khadem A et al (2012) Relationship between age\/gender-induced survival changes and the magnitude of inflammatory activation and organ dysfunction in post-traumatic sepsis. PLoS One 7(12):e51457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0051457","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"8648_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3024","volume":"11","author":"A Mantovani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mantovani A, Cassatella MA, Costantini C, Jaillon S (2011) Neutrophils in the activation and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 11(8):519\u2013531","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-013-0374-8","volume":"35","author":"S Jaillon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jaillon S, Galdiero MR, Del Prete D, Cassatella MA, Garlanda C et al (2013) Neutrophils in innate and adaptive immunity. Semin Immunopathol 35(4):377\u2013394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00281-013-0374-8","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"issue":"23","key":"8648_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3563","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-11-516260","volume":"123","author":"S Wirths","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wirths S, Bugl S, Kopp HG (2014) Neutrophil homeostasis and its regulation by danger signaling. Blood 123(23):3563\u20133566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2013-11-516260","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-03-453217","volume":"124","author":"P Scapini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scapini P, Cassatella MA (2014) Social networking of human neutrophils within the immune system. Blood 124(5):710\u2013719. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2014-03-453217","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"8648_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-04-713206","volume":"129","author":"O Marini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marini O, Costa S, Bevilacqua D, Calzetti F, Tamassia N et al (2017) Mature CD10+ and immature CD10\u2212 neutrophils present in G-CSF-treated donors display opposite effects on T cells. Blood 129(10):1343\u20131356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2016-04-713206","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"8648_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.52","volume":"16","author":"SB Coffelt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coffelt SB, Wellenstein MD, de Visser KE (2016) Neutrophils in cancer: neutral no more. Nat Rev Cancer 16(7):431\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc.2016.52","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmi008","volume":"11","author":"A Bouman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bouman A, Heineman MJ, Faas MM (2005) Sex hormones and the immune response in humans. Hum Reprod Update 11(4):411\u2013423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmi008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2008.04.013","volume":"20","author":"P Jeannin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jeannin P, Jaillon S, Delneste Y (2008) Pattern recognition receptors in the immune response against dying cells. Curr Opin Immunol 20(5):530\u2013537","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8648_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.132","volume":"7","author":"MJ Kaplan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaplan MJ (2011) Neutrophils in the pathogenesis and manifestations of SLE. Nat Rev Rheumatol 7(12):691\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.132","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8648_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-02-0649","volume":"102","author":"EJ Molloy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Molloy EJ, O'Neill AJ, Grantham JJ, Sheridan-Pereira M, Fitzpatrick JM et al (2003) Sex-specific alterations in neutrophil apoptosis: the role of estradiol and progesterone. Blood 102(7):2653\u20132659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2003-02-0649","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20082521","volume":"206","author":"KH Chuang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chuang KH, Altuwaijri S, Li G, Lai JJ, Chu CY et al (2009) Neutropenia with impaired host defense against microbial infection in mice lacking androgen receptor. J Exp Med 206(5):1181\u20131199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20082521","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"7540","key":"8648_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13989","volume":"518","author":"E Gomez Perdiguero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gomez Perdiguero E, Klapproth K, Schulz C, Busch K, Azzoni E et al (2015) Tissue-resident macrophages originate from yolk-sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors. Nature 518(7540):547\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature13989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"8648_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00423","volume":"5","author":"I Kleer De","year":"2014","unstructured":"De Kleer I, Willems F, Lambrecht B, Goriely S (2014) Ontogeny of myeloid cells. Front Immunol 5:423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00423","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"7446","key":"8648_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12034","volume":"496","author":"TA Wynn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wynn TA, Chawla A, Pollard JW (2013) Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease. Nature 496(7446):445\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12034","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"8648_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2967","volume":"15","author":"CC Bain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bain CC, Bravo-Blas A, Scott CL, Perdiguero EG, Geissmann F et al (2014) Constant replenishment from circulating monocytes maintains the macrophage pool in the intestine of adult mice. Nat Immunol 15(10):929\u2013937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.2967","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.08.006","volume":"41","author":"N McGovern","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGovern N, Schlitzer A, Gunawan M, Jardine L, Shin A et al (2014) Human dermal CD14(+) cells are a transient population of monocyte-derived macrophages. Immunity 41(3):465\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.08.006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20140639","volume":"211","author":"K Molawi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Molawi K, Wolf Y, Kandalla PK, Favret J, Hagemeyer N et al (2014) Progressive replacement of embryo-derived cardiac macrophages with age. J Exp Med 211(11):2151\u20132158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20140639","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.10.018","volume":"167","author":"R Horst Ter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ter Horst R, Jaeger M, Smeekens SP, Oosting M, Swertz MA et al (2016) Host and environmental factors influencing individual human cytokine responses. Cell 167(4):1111\u20131124 e1113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2016.10.018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"8648_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1937","volume":"11","author":"SK Biswas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Biswas SK, Mantovani A (2010) Macrophage plasticity and interaction with lymphocyte subsets: cancer as a paradigm. Nat Immunol 11(10):889\u2013896. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.1937","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59643","volume":"122","author":"A Sica","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sica A, Mantovani A (2012) Macrophage plasticity and polarization: in vivo veritas. J Clin Invest 122(3):787\u2013795. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI59643","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"12","key":"8648_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","volume":"8","author":"DM Mosser","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mosser DM, Edwards JP (2008) Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation. Nat Rev Immunol 8(12):958\u2013969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2448","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.06.008","volume":"41","author":"PJ Murray","year":"2014","unstructured":"Murray PJ, Allen JE, Biswas SK, Fisher EA, Gilroy DW et al (2014) Macrophage activation and polarization: nomenclature and experimental guidelines. Immunity 41(1):14\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.06.008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"8648_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mantovani A, Allavena P (2015) The interaction of anticancer therapies with tumor-associated macrophages. J Exp Med DOI. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20150295","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20150295"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.195230","volume":"105","author":"K Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li K, Xu W, Guo Q, Jiang Z, Wang P et al (2009) Differential macrophage polarization in male and female BALB\/c mice infected with coxsackievirus B3 defines susceptibility to viral myocarditis. Circ Res 105(4):353\u2013364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.195230","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0016OC","volume":"42","author":"BN Melgert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Melgert BN, Oriss TB, Qi Z, Dixon-McCarthy B, Geerlings M et al (2010) Macrophages: regulators of sex differences in asthma? Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 42(5):595\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0016OC","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"8648_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00420","volume":"5","author":"S Galvan-Pena","year":"2014","unstructured":"Galvan-Pena S, O'Neill LA (2014) Metabolic reprograming in macrophage polarization. Front Immunol 5:420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00420","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2015.02.002","volume":"294","author":"MR Gubbels Bupp","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gubbels Bupp MR (2015) Sex, the aging immune system, and chronic disease. Cell Immunol 294(2):102\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cellimm.2015.02.002","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70049-9","volume":"10","author":"SL Klein","year":"2010","unstructured":"Klein SL, Jedlicka A, Pekosz A (2010) The Xs and Y of immune responses to viral vaccines. Lancet Infect Dis 10(5):338\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70049-9","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6013","key":"8648_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198687","volume":"331","author":"E Vivier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vivier E, Raulet DH, Moretta A, Caligiuri MA, Zitvogel L et al (2011) Innate or adaptive immunity? The example of natural killer cells. Science 331(6013):44\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1198687","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"8648_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1452","volume":"12","author":"J Hanna","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hanna J, Goldman-Wohl D, Hamani Y, Avraham I, Greenfield C et al (2006) Decidual NK cells regulate key developmental processes at the human fetal-maternal interface. Nat Med 12(9):1065\u20131074","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"8648_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-08-105965","volume":"111","author":"C Carlino","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carlino C, Stabile H, Morrone S, Bulla R, Soriani A et al (2008) Recruitment of circulating NK cells through decidual tissues: a possible mechanism controlling NK cell accumulation in the uterus during early pregnancy. Blood 111(6):3108\u20133115","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"8648_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00279","volume":"5","author":"DA Chistiakov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chistiakov DA, Orekhov AN, Sobenin IA, Bobryshev YV (2014) Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: development, functions, and role in atherosclerotic inflammation. Front Physiol 5:279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2014.00279","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1957","volume":"6","author":"A Marshak-Rothstein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marshak-Rothstein A (2006) Toll-like receptors in systemic autoimmune disease. Nat Rev Immunol 6(11):823\u2013835. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri1957","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21571","volume":"54","author":"L Ronnblom","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ronnblom L, Eloranta ML, Alm GV (2006) The type I interferon system in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 54(2):408\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.21571","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"9","key":"8648_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0901-777","volume":"2","author":"CC Whitacre","year":"2001","unstructured":"Whitacre CC (2001) Sex differences in autoimmune disease. Nat Immunol 2(9):777\u2013780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni0901-777","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601166","volume":"198","author":"S Ghosh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghosh S, Klein RS (2017) Sex drives dimorphic immune responses to viral infections. J Immunol 198(5):1782\u20131790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1601166","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"8648_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103083441003","volume":"344","author":"TR Sterling","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sterling TR, Vlahov D, Astemborski J, Hoover DR, Margolick JB et al (2001) Initial plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and progression to AIDS in women and men. N Engl J Med 344(10):720\u2013725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM200103083441003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3265","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26032","volume":"115","author":"AS Beignon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Beignon AS, McKenna K, Skoberne M, Manches O, DaSilva I et al (2005) Endocytosis of HIV-1 activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor-viral RNA interactions. J Clin Invest 115(11):3265\u20133275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI26032","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"8648_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-016-0255-z","volume":"13","author":"LC Tsao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsao LC, Guo H, Jeffrey J, Hoxie JA, Su L (2016) CCR5 interaction with HIV-1 Env contributes to Env-induced depletion of CD4 T cells in vitro and in vivo. Retrovirology 13:22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12977-016-0255-z","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.03.003","volume":"33","author":"IM Pessach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pessach IM, Notarangelo LD (2009) X-linked primary immunodeficiencies as a bridge to better understanding X-chromosome related autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 33(1):17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.03.003","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"8648_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2009.06.009","volume":"214","author":"G Bouma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bouma G, Burns SO, Thrasher AJ (2009) Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome: immunodeficiency resulting from defective cell migration and impaired immunostimulatory activation. Immunobiology 214(9\u201310):778\u2013790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2009.06.009","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.10.005","volume":"22","author":"MF Hannah","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hannah MF, Bajic VB, Klein SL (2008) Sex differences in the recognition of and innate antiviral responses to Seoul virus in Norway rats. Brain Behav Immun 22(4):503\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.10.005","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2004-0486","volume":"19","author":"L Bjornstrom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bjornstrom L, Sjoberg M (2005) Mechanisms of estrogen receptor signaling: convergence of genomic and nongenomic actions on target genes. Mol Endocrinol 19(4):833\u2013842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/me.2004-0486","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"17","key":"8648_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12940","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)99966-7","volume":"269","author":"A Ray","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ray A, Prefontaine KE, Ray P (1994) Down-modulation of interleukin-6 gene expression by 17 beta-estradiol in the absence of high affinity DNA binding by the estrogen receptor. J Biol Chem 269(17):12940\u201312946","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"8648_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4971","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.9.4971","volume":"15","author":"B Stein","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stein B, Yang MX (1995) Repression of the interleukin-6 promoter by estrogen receptor is mediated by NF-kappa B and C\/EBP beta. Mol Cell Biol 15(9):4971\u20134979","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"8","key":"8648_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3280","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0284","volume":"146","author":"KM Palaszynski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Palaszynski KM, Smith DL, Kamrava S, Burgoyne PS, Arnold AP et al (2005) A yin-yang effect between sex chromosome complement and sex hormones on the immune response. Endocrinology 146(8):3280\u20133285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2005-0284","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"11","key":"8648_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1996.01430230068012","volume":"131","author":"MW Wichmann","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wichmann MW, Zellweger R, DeMaso CM, Ayala A, Chaudry IH (1996) Mechanism of immunosuppression in males following trauma-hemorrhage. Critical role of testosterone. Arch Surg 131(11):1186\u20131191 discussion 1191-1182","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2015.02.004","volume":"294","author":"A Trigunaite","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trigunaite A, Dimo J, Jorgensen TN (2015) Suppressive effects of androgens on the immune system. Cell Immunol 294(2):87\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cellimm.2015.02.004","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.1.28","volume":"63","author":"M Miyagi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Miyagi M, Aoyama H, Morishita M, Iwamoto Y (1992) Effects of sex hormones on chemotaxis of human peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes. J Periodontol 63(1):28\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.1992.63.1.28","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8648_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4711","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02081-13","volume":"88","author":"DP Robinson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Robinson DP, Hall OJ, Nilles TL, Bream JH, Klein SL (2014) 17beta-estradiol protects females against influenza by recruiting neutrophils and increasing virus-specific CD8 T cell responses in the lungs. J Virol 88(9):4711\u20134720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.02081-13","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv402","volume":"213","author":"S Lasarte","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lasarte S, Samaniego R, Salinas-Munoz L, Guia-Gonzalez MA, Weiss LA et al (2016) Sex hormones coordinate neutrophil immunity in the vagina by controlling chemokine gradients. J Infect Dis 213(3):476\u2013484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiv402","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1456","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00694.2005","volume":"291","author":"EA Deitch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Deitch EA, Ananthakrishnan P, Cohen DB, Xu DZ, Feketeova E et al (2006) Neutrophil activation is modulated by sex hormones after trauma-hemorrhagic shock and burn injuries. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 291(3):H1456\u2013H1465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00694.2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-200014020-00001","volume":"14","author":"MK Angele","year":"2000","unstructured":"Angele MK, Schwacha MG, Ayala A, Chaudry IH (2000) Effect of gender and sex hormones on immune responses following shock. Shock 14(2):81\u201390","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.063545","volume":"78","author":"JA Rettew","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rettew JA, Huet-Hudson YM, Marriott I (2008) Testosterone reduces macrophage expression in the mouse of toll-like receptor 4, a trigger for inflammation and innate immunity. Biol Reprod 78(3):432\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.107.063545","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"8","key":"8648_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3877","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0098","volume":"150","author":"JA Rettew","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rettew JA, Huet YM, Marriott I (2009) Estrogens augment cell surface TLR4 expression on murine macrophages and regulate sepsis susceptibility in vivo. Endocrinology 150(8):3877\u20133884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2009-0098","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00177.x","volume":"52","author":"A Bouman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bouman A, Schipper M, Heineman MJ, Faas MM (2004) Gender difference in the non-specific and specific immune response in humans. Am J Reprod Immunol 52(1):19\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00177.x","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.4.2029","volume":"180","author":"GC Hughes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hughes GC, Thomas S, Li C, Kaja MK, Clark EA (2008) Cutting edge: progesterone regulates IFN-alpha production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Immunol 180(4):2029\u20132033","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90031-7","volume":"59","author":"L Tora","year":"1989","unstructured":"Tora L, White J, Brou C, Tasset D, Webster N et al (1989) The human estrogen receptor has two independent nonacidic transcriptional activation functions. Cell 59(3):477\u2013487","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(00)00218-1","volume":"13","author":"A Lanzavecchia","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lanzavecchia A, Sallusto F (2001) The instructive role of dendritic cells on T cell responses: lineages, plasticity and kinetics. Curr Opin Immunol 13(3):291\u2013298","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.3.1426","volume":"172","author":"V Paharkova-Vatchkova","year":"2004","unstructured":"Paharkova-Vatchkova V, Maldonado R, Kovats S (2004) Estrogen preferentially promotes the differentiation of CD11c+ CD11b(intermediate) dendritic cells from bone marrow precursors. J Immunol 172(3):1426\u20131436","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.3.1423","volume":"180","author":"MC Siracusa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Siracusa MC, Overstreet MG, Housseau F, Scott AL, Klein SL (2008) 17beta-estradiol alters the activity of conventional and IFN-producing killer dendritic cells. J Immunol 180(3):1423\u20131431","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3380","volume":"104","author":"AK Bengtsson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bengtsson AK, Ryan EJ, Giordano D, Magaletti DM, Clark EA (2004) 17beta-estradiol (E2) modulates cytokine and chemokine expression in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Blood 104(5):1404\u20131410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3380","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"8648_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu057","volume":"209","author":"R Baden","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baden R, Rockstroh JK, Buti M (2014) Natural history and management of hepatitis C: does sex play a role? J Infect Dis 209(Suppl 3):S81\u2013S85. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiu057","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"8648_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.109940","volume":"184","author":"M Kamada","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kamada M, Irahara M, Maegawa M, Ohmoto Y, Takeji T et al (2001) Postmenopausal changes in serum cytokine levels and hormone replacement therapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 184(3):309\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mob.2001.109940","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2006.06.006","volume":"54","author":"P Vural","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vural P, Akgul C, Canbaz M (2006) Effects of hormone replacement therapy on plasma pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and some bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women. Pharmacol Res 54(4):298\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2006.06.006","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"8648_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.2002.0928","volume":"24","author":"LA Salamonsen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Salamonsen LA, Dimitriadis E, Jones RL, Nie G (2003) Complex regulation of decidualization: a role for cytokines and proteases\u2014a review. Placenta 24(Suppl A):S76\u2013S85","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"Suppl B","key":"8648_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2008.06.008","volume":"29","author":"C Garlanda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garlanda C, Maina V, Martinez de la Torre Y, Nebuloni M, Locati M (2008) Inflammatory reaction and implantation: the new entries PTX3 and D6. Placenta 29(Suppl B):129\u2013134","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"8648_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.11.007","volume":"27","author":"S Leonard","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leonard S, Murrant C, Tayade C, van den Heuvel M, Watering R et al (2006) Mechanisms regulating immune cell contributions to spiral artery modification\u2014facts and hypotheses\u2014a review. Placenta 27(Suppl A):S40\u2013S46","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"5728","key":"8648_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1111726","volume":"308","author":"CW Redman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Redman CW, Sargent IL (2005) Latest advances in understanding preeclampsia. Science 308(5728):1592\u20131594","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"8648_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177813","volume":"12","author":"C Graham","year":"2017","unstructured":"Graham C, Chooniedass R, Stefura WP, Becker AB, Sears MR et al (2017) In vivo immune signatures of healthy human pregnancy: inherently inflammatory or anti-inflammatory? PLoS One 12(6):e0177813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0177813","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"8648_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3131","volume":"16","author":"M PrabhuDas","year":"2015","unstructured":"PrabhuDas M, Bonney E, Caron K, Dey S, Erlebacher A et al (2015) Immune mechanisms at the maternal-fetal interface: perspectives and challenges. Nat Immunol 16(4):328\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.3131","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"8648_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0378(02)00011-6","volume":"57","author":"LA Salamonsen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Salamonsen LA, Zhang J, Brasted M (2002) Leukocyte networks and human endometrial remodelling. J Reprod Immunol 57(1\u20132):95\u2013108","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8648_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607514104","volume":"104","author":"Y Martinez de la Torre","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martinez de la Torre Y, Buracchi C, Borroni EM, Dupor J, Bonecchi R et al (2007) Protection against inflammation- and autoantibody-caused fetal loss by the chemokine decoy receptor D6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(7):2319\u20132324","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"7","key":"8648_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01056","volume":"131","author":"A Salustri","year":"2004","unstructured":"Salustri A, Garlanda C, Hirsch E, De Acetis M, Maccagno A et al (2004) PTX3 plays a key role in the organization of the cumulus oophorus extracellular matrix and in in vivo fertilization. Development 131(7):1577\u20131586","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.11.018","volume":"194","author":"I Cetin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cetin I, Cozzi V, Pasqualini F, Nebuloni M, Garlanda C et al (2006) Elevated maternal levels of the long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol 194(5):1347\u20131353","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8648_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.09.009","volume":"33","author":"V Cozzi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cozzi V, Garlanda C, Nebuloni M, Maina V, Martinelli A et al (2012) PTX3 as a potential endothelial dysfunction biomarker for severity of preeclampsia and IUGR. Placenta 33(12):1039\u20131044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.09.009","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"8648_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2012.00268","volume":"3","author":"MT Dorak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dorak MT, Karpuzoglu E (2012) Gender differences in cancer susceptibility: an inadequately addressed issue. Front Genet 3:268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2012.00268","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"8648_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930903567492","volume":"43","author":"BA Morrison","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morrison BA, Ucisik-Akkaya E, Flores H, Alaez C, Gorodezky C et al (2010) Multiple sclerosis risk markers in HLA-DRA, HLA-C, and IFNG genes are associated with sex-specific childhood leukemia risk. Autoimmunity 43(8):690\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/08916930903567492","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"2","key":"8648_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2009.10.015","volume":"1802","author":"TN Do","year":"2010","unstructured":"Do TN, Ucisik-Akkaya E, Davis CF, Morrison BA, Dorak MT (2010) An intronic polymorphism of IRF4 gene influences gene transcription in vitro and shows a risk association with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in males. Biochim Biophys Acta 1802(2):292\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2009.10.015","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"8","key":"8648_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072326","volume":"8","author":"M Adamaki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adamaki M, Lambrou GI, Athanasiadou A, Tzanoudaki M, Vlahopoulos S et al (2013) Implication of IRF4 aberrant gene expression in the acute leukemias of childhood. PLoS One 8(8):e72326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0072326","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"8648_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2016.04.001","volume":"29","author":"Y Yuan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yuan Y, Liu L, Chen H, Wang Y, Xu Y et al (2016) Comprehensive characterization of molecular differences in cancer between male and female patients. Cancer Cell 29(5):711\u2013722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2016.04.001","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"8648_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.1999.0904","volume":"82","author":"M Kreuzer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kreuzer M, Boffetta P, Whitley E, Ahrens W, Gaborieau V et al (2000) Gender differences in lung cancer risk by smoking: a multicentre case-control study in Germany and Italy. Br J Cancer 82(1):227\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1054\/bjoc.1999.0904","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"8648_CR114","first-page":"2141","volume":"62","author":"LP Stabile","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stabile LP, Davis AL, Gubish CT, Hopkins TM, Luketich JD et al (2002) Human non-small cell lung tumors and cells derived from normal lung express both estrogen receptor alpha and beta and show biological responses to estrogen. Cancer Res 62(7):2141\u20132150","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"23","key":"8648_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9118","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2348","volume":"69","author":"CC Weige","year":"2009","unstructured":"Weige CC, Allred KF, Allred CD (2009) Estradiol alters cell growth in nonmalignant colonocytes and reduces the formation of preneoplastic lesions in the colon. Cancer Res 69(23):9118\u20139124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2348","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"5834","key":"8648_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1140485","volume":"317","author":"WE Naugler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Naugler WE, Sakurai T, Kim S, Maeda S, Kim K et al (2007) Gender disparity in liver cancer due to sex differences in MyD88-dependent IL-6 production. Science 317(5834):121\u2013124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1140485","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"31","key":"8648_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1404267111","volume":"111","author":"HJ Hartwell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hartwell HJ, Petrosky KY, Fox JG, Horseman ND, Rogers AB (2014) Prolactin prevents hepatocellular carcinoma by restricting innate immune activation of c-Myc in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111(31):11455\u201311460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1404267111","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6","key":"8648_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-2200","volume":"77","author":"C Yan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yan C, Yang Q, Gong Z (2017) Tumor-associated neutrophils and macrophages promote gender disparity in hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafish. Cancer Res 77(6):1395\u20131407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-2200","journal-title":"Cancer Res"}],"container-title":["Clinical Reviews in Allergy &amp; Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-017-8648-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12016-017-8648-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-017-8648-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T16:06:26Z","timestamp":1659542786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12016-017-8648-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,30]]},"references-count":118,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["8648"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-017-8648-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-0549","1559-0267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-0549","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 September 2017","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval and Informed Consent"}}]}}