{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T02:12:49Z","timestamp":1792548769859,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08872-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T16:09:35Z","timestamp":1625155775000},"page":"400-412","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Sulfonamide Hypersensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9999-1275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy G","family":"Chow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"8872_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stern A, Green H, Paul M, Vidal L, Leibovici L (2014) Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (10):CD005590","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005590.pub3"},{"issue":"9","key":"8872_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12881","volume":"71","author":"L Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou L, Dhopeshwarkar N, Blumenthal KG, Goss F, Topaz M, Slight SP, Bates DW (2016) Drug allergies documented in electronic health records of a large healthcare system. Allergy 71(9):1305\u20131313","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"8872_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.2307\/3451714","volume":"61","author":"LS Cohen","year":"1961","unstructured":"Cohen LS, Cluff LE (1961) The sulfonamides. Am J Nurs 61:54\u201358","journal-title":"Am J Nurs"},{"key":"8872_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1129486","volume":"61","author":"G Domagk","year":"1935","unstructured":"Domagk G (1935) Ein beitrag zur chemotherapie der bakterielen infektione. Deutsche Med Wchn 61:250\u2013253","journal-title":"Deutsche Med Wchn"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200124040-00001","volume":"24","author":"S Knowles","year":"2001","unstructured":"Knowles S, Shapiro L, Shear NH (2001) Should celecoxib be contraindicated in patients who are allergic to sulfonamides? Revisiting the meaning of \u201csulfa\u201d allergy. Drug Saf 24(4):239\u2013247","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"7","key":"8872_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.034","volume":"7","author":"DA Khan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khan DA, Knowles SR, Shear NH (2019) Sulfonamide hypersensitivity: fact and fiction. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 7(7):2116\u20132123","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"8872_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.9.856.36106","volume":"24","author":"CC Brackett","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brackett CC, Singh H, Block JH (2004) Likelihood and mechanisms of cross-allergenicity between sulfonamide antibiotics and other drugs containing a sulfonamide functional group. Pharmacotherapy 24(7):856\u2013870","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"8872_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/0161-5890(88)90050-8","volume":"25","author":"DG Harle","year":"1988","unstructured":"Harle DG, Baldo BA, Wells JV (1988) Drugs as allergens: detection and combining site specificities of IgE antibodies to sulfamethoxazole. Mol Immunol 25(12):1347\u20131354","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(87)90361-7","volume":"79","author":"DM Carrington","year":"1987","unstructured":"Carrington DM, Earl HS, Sullivan TJ (1987) Studies of human IgE to a sulfonamide determinant. J Allergy Clin Immunol 79(3):442\u2013447","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/158.2.474","volume":"158","author":"R Platt","year":"1988","unstructured":"Platt R, Dreis MW, Kennedy DL, Kuritsky JN (1988) Serum sickness-like reactions to amoxicillin, cefaclor, cephalexin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. J Infect Dis 158(2):474\u2013477","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.1.176.176","volume":"84","author":"BR Curtis","year":"1994","unstructured":"Curtis BR, McFarland JG, Wu GG, Visentin GP, Aster RH (1994) Antibodies in sulfonamide-induced immune thrombocytopenia recognize calcium-dependent epitopes on the glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa complex. Blood 84(1):176\u2013183","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"8872_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196903062801006","volume":"280","author":"T Han","year":"1969","unstructured":"Han T, Chawla PL, Sokal JE (1969) Sulfapyridine-induced serum-sickness-like syndrome associated with plasmacytosis, lymphocytosis and multiclonal gamma-globulinopathy. N Engl J Med 280(10):547\u2013548","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR13","first-page":"158","volume":"90","author":"B Ermis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ermis B, Caner I, Karacan M, Olgun H (2003) Haemolytic anaemia secondary to trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole use. Thromb Haemost 90(1):158\u2013159","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"8872_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.4236\/oji.2013.33019","volume":"3","author":"S Watkins","year":"2013","unstructured":"Watkins S, Pichler W (2013) Activating interactions of sulfanilamides with T cell receptors. Open Journal of Immunology 3:139\u2013157","journal-title":"Open Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"8872_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Castrejon JL, Berry N, El-Ghaiesh S, Gerber B, Pichler WJ, Park BK, Naisbitt DJ (2010) Stimulation of human T cells with sulfonamides and sulfonamide metabolites. J Allergy Clin Immunol\u00a0125(2):411\u2013418 e414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.10.031"},{"issue":"12","key":"8872_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6647","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.12.6647","volume":"164","author":"B Schnyder","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schnyder B, Burkhart C, Schnyder-Frutig K, von Greyerz S, Naisbitt DJ, Pirmohamed M, Park BK, Pichler WJ (2000) Recognition of sulfamethoxazole and its reactive metabolites by drug-specific CD4+ T cells from allergic individuals. J Immunol 164(12):6647\u20136654","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.2174\/1872312811206020129","volume":"6","author":"DF Lehmann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lehmann DF (2012) The metabolic rationale for a lack of cross-reactivity between sulfonamide antimicrobials and other sulfonamide-containing drugs. Drug Metab Lett 6(2):129\u2013133","journal-title":"Drug Metab Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"8872_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.2174\/138920008784892038","volume":"9","author":"JM Ladero","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ladero JM (2008) Influence of polymorphic N-acetyltransferases on non-malignant spontaneous disorders and on response to drugs. Curr Drug Metab 9(6):532\u2013537","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"8872_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1992.57","volume":"51","author":"AE Cribb","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cribb AE, Spielberg SP (1992) Sulfamethoxazole is metabolized to the hydroxylamine in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 51(5):522\u2013526","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR20","first-page":"406","volume":"23","author":"AE Cribb","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cribb AE, Spielberg SP, Griffin GP (1995) N4-hydroxylation of sulfamethoxazole by cytochrome P450 of the cytochrome P4502C subfamily and reduction of sulfamethoxazole hydroxylamine in human and rat hepatic microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 23(3):406\u2013414","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-105-2-179","volume":"105","author":"NH Shear","year":"1986","unstructured":"Shear NH, Spielberg SP, Grant DM, Tang BK, Kalow W (1986) Differences in metabolism of sulfonamides predisposing to idiosyncratic toxicity. Ann Intern Med 105(2):179\u2013184","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"8872_CR22","unstructured":"Cribb AE, Miller M, Leeder JS, Hill J, Spielberg SP (1991) Reactions of the nitroso and hydroxylamine metabolites of sulfamethoxazole with reduced glutathione. Implications for idiosyncratic toxicity. Drug Metab Dispos 19(5):900\u2013906"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1535","volume":"60","author":"AA Elzagallaai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Elzagallaai AA, Sultan EA, Bend JR, Abuzgaia AM, Loubani E, Rieder MJ (2020) Role of oxidative stress in hypersensitivity reactions to sulfonamides. J Clin Pharmacol 60(3):409\u2013421","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.085050","volume":"314","author":"J Arp","year":"2005","unstructured":"Arp J, Rieder MJ, Urquhart B, Freeman D, Tucker MJ, Krizova A, Lehmann D, Dekaban GA (2005) Hypersensitivity of HIV-1-infected cells to reactive sulfonamide metabolites correlated to expression of the HIV-1 viral protein tat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314(3):1218\u20131225","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(97)91578-4","volume":"35","author":"B Akerlund","year":"1997","unstructured":"Akerlund B, Tynell E, Bratt G, Bielenstein M, Lidman C (1997) N-acetylcysteine treatment and the risk of toxic reactions to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in primary Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis in HIV-infected patients. J Infect 35(2):143\u2013147","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"8872_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walmsley SL, Khorasheh S, Singer J, Djurdjev O (1998) A randomized trial of N-acetylcysteine for prevention of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole hypersensitivity reactions in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis (CTN 057). Canadian HIV Trials Network 057 Study Group. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol\u00a019(5):498\u2013505","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199812150-00009"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2003.01754.x","volume":"55","author":"A Alfirevic","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alfirevic A, Stalford AC, Vilar FJ, Wilkins EG, Park BK, Pirmohamed M (2003) Slow acetylator phenotype and genotype in HIV-positive patients with sulphamethoxazole hypersensitivity. Br J Clin Pharmacol 55(2):158\u2013165","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"8872_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e328357a735","volume":"22","author":"JC Sacco","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sacco JC, Abouraya M, Motsinger-Reif A, Yale SH, McCarty CA, Trepanier LA (2012) Evaluation of polymorphisms in the sulfonamide detoxification genes NAT2, CYB5A, and CYB5R3 in patients with sulfonamide hypersensitivity. Pharmacogenet Genomics 22(10):733\u2013740","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genomics"},{"key":"8872_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reinhart JM, Motsinger-Reif A, Dickey A, Yale S, Trepanier LA (2016) Genome-wide association study in immunocompetent patients with delayed hypersensitivity to sulfonamide antimicrobials. PLoS One 11(6):e0156000","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156000"},{"key":"8872_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-8794-5-32","volume":"5","author":"D Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang D, Curtis A, Papp AC, Koletar SL, Para MF (2012) Polymorphism in glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) is associated with sulfamethoxazole-induced hypersensitivity in HIV\/AIDS patients. BMC Med Genomics 5:32","journal-title":"BMC Med Genomics"},{"issue":"8","key":"8872_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0000000000000153","volume":"25","author":"T Kongpan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kongpan T, Mahasirimongkol S, Konyoung P, Kanjanawart S, Chumworathayi P, Wichukchinda N, Kidkeukarun R, Preechakul S, Khunarkornsiri U, Bamrungram W et al (2015) Candidate HLA genes for prediction of co-trimoxazole-induced severe cutaneous reactions. Pharmacogenet Genomics 25(8):402\u2013411","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.05.004","volume":"7","author":"J Klaewsongkram","year":"2019","unstructured":"Klaewsongkram J, Sukasem C, Thantiworasit P, Suthumchai N, Rerknimitr P, Tuchinda P, Chularojanamontri L, Srinoulprasert Y, Rerkpattanapipat T, Chanprapaph K et al (2019) Analysis of HLA-B allelic variation and IFN-\u03b3 ELISpot responses in patients with severe cutaneous adverse reactions associated with drugS. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 7(1):219-227.e214","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"8872_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li YJ, Phillips E, Dellinger A, Nicoletti P, Schutte R, Li D, Ostrov DA, Fontana RJ, Watkins PB, Stolz A et al (2020)\u00a0HLA-B*14:01 and HLA-B*35:01 are associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole induced liver injury. Hepatology","DOI":"10.1016\/S0618-8278(19)30826-6"},{"key":"8872_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macy E, Poon KYT (2009) Self-reported antibiotic allergy incidence and prevalence: age and sex effects. Am J Med\u00a0122(8):778 e771\u2013777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.01.034"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4134","volume":"26","author":"KW McConeghy","year":"2017","unstructured":"McConeghy KW, Caffrey AR, Morrill HJ, Trivedi AN, LaPlante KL (2017) Are non-allergic drug reactions commonly documented as medication \u201callergies\u201d? A national cohort of Veterans\u2019 admissions from 2000 to 2014. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 26(4):472\u2013476","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"8872_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wong A, Seger DL, Lai KH, Goss FR, Blumenthal KG, Zhou L (2019) Drug hypersensitivity reactions documented in electronic health records within a large health system. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract\u00a07(4):1253\u20131260 e1253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.11.023"},{"issue":"8359","key":"8872_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90627-X","volume":"2","author":"HS Jaffe","year":"1983","unstructured":"Jaffe HS, Abrams DI, Ammann AJ, Lewis BJ, Golden JA (1983) Complications of co-trimoxazole in treatment of AIDS-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men. Lancet 2(8359):1109\u20131111","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-100-4-495","volume":"100","author":"FM Gordin","year":"1984","unstructured":"Gordin FM, Simon GL, Wofsy CB, Mills J (1984) Adverse reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 100(4):495\u2013499","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.120468","volume":"47","author":"M Eliaszewicz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eliaszewicz M, Flahault A, Roujeau JC, Fillet AM, Challine D, Mansouri S, Wolkenstein P, Aractingi S, Penso-Assathiany D, Maslo C et al (2002) Prospective evaluation of risk factors of cutaneous drug reactions to sulfonamides in patients with AIDS. J Am Acad Dermatol 47(1):40\u201346","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8872_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2016.01.007","volume":"79","author":"HM Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang HM, Tsai HC, Lee SS, Kunin C, Lin PC, Wann SR, Chen YS (2016) High daily doses of trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole are an independent risk factor for adverse reactions in patients with pneumocystis pneumonia and AIDS. J Chin Med Assoc 79(6):314\u2013319","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"issue":"11","key":"8872_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2019.06.007","volume":"25","author":"H Kato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kato H, Samukawa S, Takahashi H, Nakajima H (2019) Diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-infected or non-HIV-infected patients-difficulties in diagnosis and adverse effects of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. J Infect Chemother 25(11):920\u2013924","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.09.6","volume":"10","author":"A Alfirevic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alfirevic A, Vilar FJ, Alsbou M, Jawaid A, Thomson W, Ollier WE, Bowman CE, Delrieu O, Park BK, Pirmohamed M (2009) TNF, LTA, HSPA1L and HLA-DR gene polymorphisms in HIV-positive patients with hypersensitivity to cotrimoxazole. Pharmacogenomics 10(4):531\u2013540","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"8872_CR43","first-page":"1139","volume":"15","author":"J Reichmann","year":"1960","unstructured":"Reichmann J (1960) Anaphylactic shock caused by intravenous sulfonamide application with fatal outcome. Dtsch Gesundheitsw 15:1139\u20131141","journal-title":"Dtsch Gesundheitsw"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12745","volume":"77","author":"Y Fujiwara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fujiwara Y, Inomata N, Ishida S, Miyakawa M, Nomura Y, Mitani N, Aihara M (2017) Contact urticaria syndrome caused by sulfamethoxazole sodium contained in eye drops. Contact Dermatitis 77(1):56\u201357","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00258.x","volume":"28","author":"AM Bijl","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bijl AM, Van der Klauw MM, Van Vliet AC, Stricker BH (1998) Anaphylactic reactions associated with trimethoprim. Clin Exp Allergy 28(4):510\u2013512","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(87)90004-2","volume":"80","author":"JR Hansbrough","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hansbrough JR, Wedner HJ, Chaplin DD (1987) Anaphylaxis to intravenous furosemide. J Allergy Clin Immunol 80(4):538\u2013541","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/4.2.426","volume":"4","author":"H Jick","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jick H (1982) Adverse reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in hospitalized patients. Rev Infect Dis 4(2):426\u2013428","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.2174\/1574886311308020004","volume":"8","author":"AT Nguyen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nguyen AT, Gentry CA, Furrh RZ (2013) A comparison of adverse drug reactions between high- and standard-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the ambulatory setting. Curr Drug Saf 8(2):114\u2013119","journal-title":"Curr Drug Saf"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR49","first-page":"284","volume":"29","author":"W Chantachaeng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chantachaeng W, Chularojanamontri L, Kulthanan K, Jongjarearnprasert K, Dhana N (2011) Cutaneous adverse reactions to sulfonamide antibiotics. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 29(3):284\u2013289","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190010362260","volume":"23","author":"AA Wright","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wright AA, Vesta KS, Stark JE, Smith WJ (2010) Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with furosemide: a case report. J Pharm Pract 23(4):367\u2013370","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5701033","volume":"128","author":"M Mockenhaupt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mockenhaupt M, Viboud C, Dunant A, Naldi L, Halevy S, Bouwes Bavinck JN, Sidoroff A, Schneck J, Roujeau JC, Flahault A (2008) Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: assessment of medication risks with emphasis on recently marketed drugs. The EuroSCAR-study. J Invest Dermatol 128(1):35\u201344","journal-title":"The EuroSCAR-study. J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.12.014","volume":"67","author":"BF Firoz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Firoz BF, Henning JS, Zarzabal LA, Pollock BH (2012) Toxic epidermal necrolysis: five years of treatment experience from a burn unit. J Am Acad Dermatol 67(4):630\u2013635","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"8872_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kardaun SH, Sekula P, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Liss Y, Chu CY, Creamer D, Sidoroff A, Naldi L, Mockenhaupt M, Roujeau JC et al (2013)\u00a0Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): an original multisystem adverse drug reaction. Results from the prospective RegiSCAR study. Br J Dermatol\u00a0169(5):1071\u20131080","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12501"},{"issue":"6","key":"8872_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.04.026","volume":"4","author":"JA Trubiano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trubiano JA, Aung AK, Nguyen M, Fehily SR, Graudins L, Cleland H, Padiglione A, Peleg AY (2016) A comparative analysis between antibiotic- and nonantibiotic-associated delayed cutaneous adverse drug reactions. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 4(6):1187\u20131193","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"8872_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.08.036","volume":"64","author":"JP Kelly","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kelly JP, Kaufman DW, Dunant A, Mockenhaupt M, Roujeau JC (2011) Seasonal variation of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. J Am Acad Dermatol 64(6):1193\u20131194","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR56","first-page":"66","volume":"13","author":"MD Anliker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Anliker MD, Wuthrich B (2003) Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis due to sulfamethoxazol with positive lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 13(1):66\u201368","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1947.01520040094010","volume":"55","author":"OS Philpott","year":"1947","unstructured":"Philpott OS (1947) Sulfonamide psoriasiform dermatitis. Arch Derm Syphilol 55(4):525\u2013534","journal-title":"Arch Derm Syphilol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR58","first-page":"E9","volume":"96","author":"CC Tam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tam CC, Ingraffea AA (2015) Sweet syndrome presenting with an unusual morphology. Cutis 96(2):E9-10","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"9","key":"8872_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05107.x","volume":"52","author":"I Culav","year":"2013","unstructured":"Culav I, Ljubojevic S, Buzina DS (2013) Baboon syndrome\/SDRIFE due to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Int J Dermatol 52(9):1159\u20131160","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.04.005","volume":"57","author":"M Esposito","year":"2008","unstructured":"Esposito M, Saraceno R, Schipani C, Di Marcantonio D, Bianchi L, Chimenti S (2008) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole induced erythrodermic psoriasis. J Infect 57(1):90\u201392","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"8872_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baltazard T, Dhaille F, Duvert-Lehembre S, Lok C, Chaby G (2017) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced linear IgA bullous disease presenting as toxic epidermal necrolysis. Dermatol Online J\u00a023(8)","DOI":"10.5070\/D3238036012"},{"key":"8872_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chalasani N, Bonkovsky HL, Fontana R, Lee W, Stolz A, Talwalkar J, Reddy KR, Watkins PB, Navarro V, Barnhart H et al (2015)\u00a0Features and outcomes of 899 patients with drug-induced liver injury: the DILIN prospective study. Gastroenterology\u00a0148(7):1340\u20131352 e1347","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.03.006"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1994.tb00797.x","volume":"236","author":"A Lindgren","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lindgren A, Olsson R (1994) Liver reactions from trimethoprim. J Intern Med 236(3):281\u2013284","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"8872_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joint Task Force on Practice P, American Academy of Allergy A, Immunology, American College of Allergy A, Immunology, Joint Council of Allergy A, Immunology (2010) Drug allergy: an updated practice parameter. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 105(4):259\u2013273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2010.08.002"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12350","volume":"69","author":"P Demoly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Demoly P, Adkinson NF, Brockow K, Castells M, Chiriac AM, Greenberger PA, Khan DA, Lang DM, Park HS, Pichler W et al (2014) International Consensus on drug allergy. Allergy 69(4):420\u2013437","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"5","key":"8872_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(91)90186-R","volume":"88","author":"RS Gruchalla","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gruchalla RS, Sullivan TJ (1991) Detection of human IgE to sulfamethoxazole by skin testing with sulfamethoxazoyl-poly-L-tyrosine. J Allergy Clin Immunol 88(5):784\u2013792","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(03)01783-4","volume":"112","author":"R Empedrad","year":"2003","unstructured":"Empedrad R, Darter AL, Earl HS, Gruchalla RS (2003) Nonirritating intradermal skin test concentrations for commonly prescribed antibiotics. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112(3):629\u2013630","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200326030-00004","volume":"26","author":"LE Shapiro","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shapiro LE, Knowles SR, Weber E, Neuman MG, Shear NH (2003) Safety of celecoxib in individuals allergic to sulfonamide: a pilot study. Drug Saf 26(3):187\u2013195","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(99)90078-6","volume":"38","author":"MM Gompels","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gompels MM, Simpson N, Snow M, Spickett G, Ong E (1999) Desensitization to co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole) in HIV-infected patients: is patch testing a useful predictor of reaction? J Infect 38(2):111\u2013115","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2009.01553.x","volume":"61","author":"SH Kardaun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kardaun SH, de Waard MM, de Monchy JG (2009) Flare-up of patch test of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) during oral desensitization. Contact Dermatitis 61(1):50\u201351","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"5","key":"8872_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05739.x","volume":"38","author":"AY Lee","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lee AY (1998) Topical provocation in 31 cases of fixed drug eruption: change of causative drugs in 10 years. Contact Dermatitis 38(5):258\u2013260","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06127.x","volume":"41","author":"E Ozkaya-Bayazit","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ozkaya-Bayazit E, Bayazit H, Ozarmagan G (1999) Topical provocation in 27 cases of cotrimoxazole-induced fixed drug eruption. Contact Dermatitis 41(4):185\u2013189","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2004.00274.x","volume":"51","author":"P Tornero","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tornero P, De Barrio M, Baeza ML, Herrero T (2004) Cross-reactivity among p-amino group compounds in sulfonamide fixed drug eruption: diagnostic value of patch testing. Contact Dermatitis 51(2):57\u201362","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR74","first-page":"249","volume":"19","author":"MC Moreno Escobosa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moreno Escobosa MC, Cruz Granados S, Moya Quesada MC, Amat Lopez J (2009) Enanthema and fixed drug eruption caused by trimethoprim. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 19(3):249\u2013250","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02339.x","volume":"35","author":"CE Klein","year":"1996","unstructured":"Klein CE, Trautmann A, Zillikens D, Brocker EB (1996) Patch testing in an unusual case of toxic epidermal necrolysis. Contact Dermatitis 35(3):175\u2013176","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"8","key":"8872_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12886","volume":"71","author":"C Mayorga","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mayorga C, Celik G, Rouzaire P, Whitaker P, Bonadonna P, Rodrigues-Cernadas J, Vultaggio A, Brockow K, Caubet JC, Makowska J et al (2016) In vitro tests for drug hypersensitivity reactions: an ENDA\/EAACI Drug Allergy Interest Group position paper. Allergy 71(8):1103\u20131134","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"9S","key":"8872_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.08.002","volume":"8","author":"AD Broyles","year":"2020","unstructured":"Broyles AD, Banerji A, Castells M (2020) Practical guidance for the evaluation and management of drug hypersensitivity: general concepts. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 8(9S):S3\u2013S15","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"8872_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(94)90202-X","volume":"94","author":"RS Kalish","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kalish RS, LaPorte A, Wood JA, Johnson KL (1994) Sulfonamide-reactive lymphocytes detected at very low frequency in the peripheral blood of patients with drug-induced eruptions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 94(3 Pt 1):465\u2013472","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.06.009","volume":"7","author":"M Jung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung M, Kim J, Lee JY, Kim M, Kim SH, Ahn K (2019) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole induces acute pancreatitis associated with drug-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 7(1):336\u2013338","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0220","volume":"28","author":"OP Monge-Ortega","year":"2018","unstructured":"Monge-Ortega OP, Cabanas R, Fiandor A, Dominguez-Ortega J, Gonzalez-Munoz M, Quirce S, Lluch-Bernal M, Bellon T (2018) Overlap Between DRESS syndrome and exanthema induced by sulfadiazine in a patient treated with sulfamethoxazole: utility of the lymphocyte transformation test for identification of the culprit drug. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 28(2):132\u2013134","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"8872_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reinhart JM, Rose W, Panyard DJ, Newton MA, Liebenstein TK, Yee J, Trepanier LA (2018) RNA expression profiling in sulfamethoxazole-treated patients with a range of in\u00a0vitro lymphocyte cytotoxicity phenotypes. Pharmacol Res Perspect\u00a06(2):e00388","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.388"},{"issue":"8","key":"8872_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1086\/323353","volume":"184","author":"GS Leoung","year":"2001","unstructured":"Leoung GS, Stanford JF, Giordano MF, Stein A, Torres RA, Giffen CA, Wesley M, Sarracco T, Cooper EC, Dratter V et al (2001) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) dose escalation versus direct rechallenge for Pneumocystis Carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with previous adverse reaction to TMP-SMZ. J Infect Dis 184(8):992\u2013997","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"8872_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonfanti P, Pusterla L, Parazzini F, Libanore M, Cagni AE, Franzetti M, Faggion I, Landonio S, Quirino T (2000) The effectiveness of desensitization versus rechallenge treatment in HIV-positive patients with previous hypersensitivity to TMP-SMX: a randomized multicentric study. C.I.S.A.I. Group. Biomed Pharmacother\u00a054(1):45\u201349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(00)88640-0"},{"key":"8872_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krantz MS, Stone CA, Jr., Abreo A, Phillips EJ (2020) Oral challenge with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients with \"sulfa\" antibiotic allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract\u00a08(2):757\u2013760 e754.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.07.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"8872_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14498","volume":"18","author":"KF Urbancic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Urbancic KF, Ierino F, Phillips E, Mount PF, Mahony A, Trubiano JA (2018) Taking the challenge: a protocolized approach to optimize Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis in renal transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 18(2):462\u2013466","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"8872_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grinlington L, Choo S, Cranswick N, Gwee A (2020) Non-\u03b2-lactam antibiotic hypersensitivity reactions. Pediatrics\u00a0145(1)","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-2256"},{"key":"8872_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Apter AJ, Kinman JL, Bilker WB, Herlim M, Margolis DJ, Lautenbach E, Hennessy S, Strom BL (2006) Is there cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins? Am J Med\u00a0119(4):354 e311\u2013359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.10.052"},{"issue":"17","key":"8872_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022963","volume":"349","author":"BL Strom","year":"2003","unstructured":"Strom BL, Schinnar R, Apter AJ, Margolis DJ, Lautenbach E, Hennessy S, Bilker WB, Pettitt D (2003) Absence of cross-reactivity between sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonamide nonantibiotics. N Engl J Med 349(17):1628\u20131635","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"8872_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000612","volume":"29","author":"BS Buijs","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buijs BS, van den Berk GE, Boateng CP, Hoepelman AI, van Maarseveen EM, Arends JE (2015) Cross-reactivity between darunavir and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in HIV-infected patients. AIDS 29(7):785\u2013791","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"8872_CR90","unstructured":"Prezista (Darunavir) (2011) [package insert].\u00a0Titusville, NJ: Janssen Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.11.011","volume":"5","author":"SM May","year":"2017","unstructured":"May SM, Motosue MS, Park MA (2017) Dapsone is often tolerated in HIV-infected patients with history of sulfonamide antibiotic intolerance. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 5(3):831\u2013833","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03904.x","volume":"18","author":"CD Holtzer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Holtzer CD, Flaherty JF Jr, Coleman RL (1998) Cross-reactivity in HIV-infected patients switched from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to dapsone. Pharmacotherapy 18(4):831\u2013835","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"8872_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(96)00008-3","volume":"100","author":"MG Beumont","year":"1996","unstructured":"Beumont MG, Graziani A, Ubel PA, MacGregor RR (1996) Safety of dapsone as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with allergy to trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole. Am J Med 100(6):611\u2013616","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"8872_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.12048","volume":"38","author":"S Ghimire","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ghimire S, Kyung E, Lee JH, Kim JW, Kang W, Kim E (2013) An evidence-based approach for providing cautionary recommendations to sulfonamide-allergic patients and determining cross-reactivity among sulfonamide-containing medications. J Clin Pharm Ther 38(3):196\u2013202","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"issue":"17","key":"8872_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp120291","volume":"70","author":"NR Wulf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wulf NR, Matuszewski KA (2013) Sulfonamide cross-reactivity: is there evidence to support broad cross-allergenicity? Am J Health Syst Pharm 70(17):1483\u20131494","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"issue":"7","key":"8872_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-018-0791-9","volume":"18","author":"JM Dorn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dorn JM, Alpern M, McNulty C, Volcheck GW (2018) Sulfonamide drug allergy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 18(7):38","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"8872_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12161","volume":"68","author":"K Scherer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scherer K, Brockow K, Aberer W, Gooi JH, Demoly P, Romano A, Schnyder B, Whitaker P, Cernadas JS, Bircher AJ et al (2013) Desensitization in delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions \u2013 an EAACI position paper of the Drug Allergy Interest Group. Allergy 68(7):844\u2013852","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"9S","key":"8872_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.08.006","volume":"8","author":"AD Broyles","year":"2020","unstructured":"Broyles AD, Banerji A, Barmettler S, Biggs CM, Blumenthal K, Brennan PJ, Breslow RG, Brockow K, Buchheit KM, Cahill KN et al (2020) Practical guidance for the evaluation and management of drug hypersensitivity: specific drugs. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 8(9S):S16\u2013S116","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"8872_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin D, Li WK, Rieder MJ (2007) Cotrimoxazole for prophylaxis or treatment of opportunistic infections of HIV\/AIDS in patients with previous history of hypersensitivity to cotrimoxazole. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2):CD005646","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005646.pub2"},{"issue":"6 Pt 1","key":"8872_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70343-4","volume":"102","author":"P Demoly","year":"1998","unstructured":"Demoly P, Messaad D, Sahla H, Fabre J, Faucherre V, Andre P, Reynes J, Godard P, Bousquet J (1998) Six-hour trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-graded challenge in HIV-infected patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 102(6 Pt 1):1033\u20131036","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8872_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2013.11.002","volume":"2","author":"RC Pyle","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pyle RC, Butterfield JH, Volcheck GW, Podjasek JC, Rank MA, Li JT, Harish A, Poe KL, Park MA (2014) Successful outpatient graded administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients without HIV and with a history of sulfonamide adverse drug reaction. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2(1):52\u201358","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.4.849","volume":"20","author":"D Gluckstein","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gluckstein D, Ruskin J (1995) Rapid oral desensitization to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ): use in prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS who were previously intolerant to TMP-SMZ. Clin Infect Dis 20(4):849\u2013853","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"8872_CR103","first-page":"309","volume":"18","author":"G Patriarca","year":"2008","unstructured":"Patriarca G, Schiavino D, Buonomo A, Aruanno A, Altomonte G, Nucera E (2008) Desensitization to co-trimoxazole in a patient with fixed drug eruption. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 18(4):309\u2013311","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8872_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1086\/516995","volume":"25","author":"R Douglas","year":"1997","unstructured":"Douglas R, Spelman D, Czarny D, O\u2019Hehir RE (1997) Successful desensitization of two patients who previously developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome while receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Clin Infect Dis 25(6):1480","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"8872_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702002000600002","volume":"6","author":"A Straatmann","year":"2002","unstructured":"Straatmann A, Bahia F, Pedral-Sampaio D, Brites C (2002) A randomized, pilot trial comparing full versus escalating dose regimens for the desensitization of AIDS patients allergic to sulfonamides. Braz J Infect Dis 6(6):276\u2013280","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8706","key":"8872_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)91563-P","volume":"336","author":"C Putterman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Putterman C, Rahav G, Shalit M, Rubinow A (1990) \u201cTreating through\u201d hypersensitivity to co-trimoxazole in AIDS patients. Lancet 336(8706):52","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Clinical Reviews in Allergy &amp; Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-021-08872-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12016-021-08872-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-021-08872-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T14:44:32Z","timestamp":1699195472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12016-021-08872-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["8872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-021-08872-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 June 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2021","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}