{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T11:02:05Z","timestamp":1780570925068,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"CHU Martinique \/ Guadeloupe \/ Cayenne"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The characteristics of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (BD) in individuals of Sub-Saharan ancestry (sub-SA) are poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Herein, we conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic review using the PubMed\/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Articles published up to September 1, 2023 were searched with the following keywords: \"Beh\u00e7et's disease\" OR \"Behcet's syndrome\" AND \"sub-Saharan African\" OR \"Black\" OR \u201cAfrican\u201d. Data on the year, type and country of study, sample size, region of origin, nationality, age, sex, time to diagnosis, death, HLAB51 status, mucosal, and organ involvement were collected. Involvement of the central nervous system was retained on the basis of objective criteria, and dichotomized into parenchymal or non-parenchymal\/vascular lesions. The pooled frequency of patients\u2019 main characteristics was calculated using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study included 42 full-text reports, with study periods ranging from 1970 to 2023.\u00a0Overall, 230 adult patients (69% of males) were included, of whom 195 (85%) were from sub-Saharan African countries,\u00a022 (10%) patients were from the Caribbean, and\u00a013 (5%) patients were from the Americas, including 12 African Americans,\u00a0and 1 African Brazilian.\u00a0Oral and genital ulcers were reported in 98% [95% CI 91 to 100%] and 85% [72 to 92%], respectively.\u00a0Ocular involvement occurred in 43% [31 to 56%] of patients. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement affected 39% [25 to 54] of the patients.\u00a0Among them, 30% of patients had a cerebro-vascular disease, and 72% had a parenchymal involvement. The patients were mostly treated with oral steroids and colchicine, and remission was achieved in 35\/54 (65%) patients, but 15 (69%) of them suffered severe sequelae, particularly ophthalmological and neurological.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in patients of sub-Saharan ancestry appears to be predominantly HLA B51\/B5-negative, and more severe than in other ethnicities, owing to a high prevalence of CNS involvement.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-025-09085-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T08:33:20Z","timestamp":1755160400000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease In Children And Adults Of Sub-Saharan Ancestry: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Benoit","family":"Suzon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabienne","family":"Louis-Sidney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Dalmasie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunniva","family":"Donat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Deligny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurore","family":"Abel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonore","family":"de Fritsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"9085_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02629-6","volume":"403","author":"G Emmi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Emmi G, Bettiol A, Hatemi G, Prisco D (2024) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome. Lancet 403:1093\u20131108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02629-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"9085_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01893.x","volume":"42","author":"G Azizlerli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Azizlerli G, Akda\u011f K\u00f6se A, Sar\u0131ca R et al (2003) Prevalence of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in Istanbul, Turkey. Int J Dermatol 42:803\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01893.x","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"9085_CR3","first-page":"S53","volume":"22","author":"N Cakir","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cakir N, Dervis E, Benian O et al (2004) Prevalence of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in rural western Turkey: a preliminary report. Clin Exp Rheumatol 22:S53-55","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.5152\/balkanmedj.2016.15101","volume":"33","author":"Y Bas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bas Y, Yildiz Seckin H, Kalkan G et al (2016) Investigation of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease and Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Frequency: The Highest Prevalence in Turkey. Balk Med J 33:390\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/balkanmedj.2016.15101","journal-title":"Balk Med J"},{"key":"9085_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2010.01549.x","volume":"13","author":"F Davatchi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Davatchi F, Shahram F, Chams-Davatchi C et al (2010) Behcet\u2019s disease in Iran: analysis of 6500 cases. Int J Rheum Dis 13:367\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2010.01549.x","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"9085_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.2035-18","volume":"58","author":"Y Kirino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kirino Y, Nakajima H (2019) Clinical and genetic aspects of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in Japan. Intern Med 58:1199\u20131207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.2035-18","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"9085_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13598","volume":"22","author":"FM Al Zahrani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al Zahrani FM, Alsultan B, Alahmari H et al (2019) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease presentations and care outcomes in a tertiary hospital in south-western Saudi Arabia. Int J Rheum Dis 22:1466\u20131473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185X.13598","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"9085_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24423","volume":"61","author":"KT Calamia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Calamia KT, Wilson FC, Icen M et al (2009) Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in the US: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum 61:600\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.24423","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"9085_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2006.05841.x","volume":"4","author":"A Altenburg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Altenburg A, Papoutsis N, Orawa H et al (2006) Epidemiology and clinical manifestations of Adamantiades-Beh\u00e7et disease in Germany \u2013 Current pathogenetic concepts and therapeutic possibilities. JDDG J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 4:49\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2006.05841.x","journal-title":"JDDG J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"issue":"6","key":"9085_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.36.6.491","volume":"36","author":"MA Chamberlain","year":"1977","unstructured":"Chamberlain MA (1977) Behcet\u2019s syndrome in 32 patients in Yorkshire. Ann Rheum Dis 36(6):491\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.36.6.491","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"9085_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes249","volume":"52","author":"A Mohammad","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mohammad A, Mandl T, Sturfelt G, Segelmark M (2013) Incidence, prevalence and clinical characteristics of Behcet\u2019s disease in southern Sweden. Rheumatology 52:304\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes249","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"9085_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Souza-Ramalho P de, D\u2019Almeida MF, Freitas JP, Pinto J (1991) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in Portugal. Acta M\u00e9dica Port 4:79\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20344\/amp.3329","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.3329"},{"key":"9085_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3951","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24149","volume":"58","author":"A Mahr","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mahr A, Belarbi L, Wechsler B et al (2008) Population-based prevalence study of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: differences by ethnic origin and low variation by age at immigration. Arthritis Rheum 58:3951\u20133959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.24149","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"9085_CR14","first-page":"28","volume":"31","author":"I Olivieri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Olivieri I, Leccese P, Padula A et al (2013) High prevalence of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in southern Italy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 31:28\u201331","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.625","volume":"42","author":"EF Remmers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Remmers EF, Cosan F, Kirino Y et al (2010) Genome-wide association study identifies variants in the MHC class I, IL10, and IL23R-IL12RB2 regions associated with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Nat Genet 42:698\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng.625","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"9085_CR16","first-page":"S96","volume":"23","author":"P Fietta","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fietta P (2005) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: familial clustering and immunogenetics. Clin Exp Rheumatol 23:S96-105","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2008.09.012","volume":"57","author":"N Bennani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bennani N, Atouf O, Benseffaj N et al (2009) HLA polymorphism and Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in Moroccan population. Pathol Biol (Paris) 57:403\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.patbio.2008.09.012","journal-title":"Pathol Biol (Paris)"},{"key":"9085_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-020-08809-2","volume":"61","author":"Y-C Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu Y-C, Chiang B-L, Yang Y-H (2021) Clinical manifestations and management of pediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 61:171\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-020-08809-2","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"9085_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2021.1891670","volume":"31","author":"J Zou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zou J, Luo J, Shen Y, Guan J-L (2021) Distinct clinical characteristics of pediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome: a study from a referral center in China. Mod Rheumatol 31:1158\u20131163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14397595.2021.1891670","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3315\/jdcr.2015.1213","volume":"9","author":"M Ndiaye","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ndiaye M, Sow AS, Valiollah A et al (2015) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in black skin. A retrospective study of 50 cases in Dakar. J Dermatol Case Rep 9:98\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3315\/jdcr.2015.1213","journal-title":"J Dermatol Case Rep"},{"key":"9085_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"9085_CR22","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health (2014). Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/study-quality-assessment-tools. Accessed 15 Jan 2025"},{"key":"9085_CR23","unstructured":"Checklist For Case Reports. https:\/\/view.officeapps.live.com\/op\/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fjbi.global%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2021-10%2FChecklist_for_Case_Reports.docx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK"},{"key":"9085_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Munn Z, Barker TH, Moola S, et al (2019) Methodological quality of case series studies: an introduction to the JBI critical appraisal tool. JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Rep Publish Ahead of Print: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11124\/JBISRIR-D-19-00099","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-D-19-00099"},{"key":"9085_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"International Study Group for Behcet disease (1990) Criteria for diagnosis of Behcet\u2019s disease. The Lancet 335:. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92643-V","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92643-V"},{"key":"9085_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12107","volume":"28","author":"F Davatchi","year":"2014","unstructured":"International Team for the Revision of the International Criteria for Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Disease (ITR-ICBD), Davatchi F, Assaad-Khalil S et al (2014) The International criteria for Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (ICBD): a collaborative study of 27 countries on the sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 28:338\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.12107","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"9085_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208491","volume":"75","author":"I Kon\u00e9-Paut","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kon\u00e9-Paut I, Shahram F, Darce-Bello M et al (2016) Consensus classification criteria for paediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease from a prospective observational cohort: PEDBD. Ann Rheum Dis 75:958\u2013964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208491","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"9085_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","volume":"327","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2003","unstructured":"Higgins JPT (2003) Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 327:557\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"9085_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12554","volume":"54","author":"FO Ajose","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ajose FO, Adelowo O, Oderinlo O (2015) Clinical presentations of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease among Nigerians: a 4-year prospective study. Int J Dermatol 54:889\u2013897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.12554","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"9085_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-2896(01)75131-9","volume":"37","author":"A Al\u00ed-Munive","year":"2001","unstructured":"Al\u00ed-Munive A, Var\u00f3n H, Maldonado D, Torres-Duque C (2001) Aneurismas gigantes de la arteria pulmonar y trombosis venosa perif\u00e9rica (s\u00edndrome de Hughes-Stovin): regresi\u00f3n con tratamiento inmunosupresor. Arch Bronconeumol 37:508\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0300-2896(01)75131-9","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"9085_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg345","volume":"42","author":"C Angotti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Angotti C (2003) Renal microinfarction in Behcet\u2019s disease. Rheumatology 42:1416\u20131417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg345","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"9085_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2016.09.001","volume":"69","author":"M Ba Djibril","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ba Djibril M, Aminata D, Cherif MM, Daouda FM (2017) Recurrent symptomatic ischemic stroke in a 46-year-old African male revealing Angio-Beh\u00e7et with severe cardiovascular involvement. Egypt Heart J 69:75\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ehj.2016.09.001","journal-title":"Egypt Heart J"},{"key":"9085_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-5-52","volume":"5","author":"DT Carvalho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Carvalho DT, Oikawa FT, Matsuda NM et al (2011) Budd-chiari syndrome in a 25-year-old woman with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 5:52. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1752-1947-5-52","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"9085_CR34","first-page":"64","volume":"48","author":"D Dia","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dia D, Dieng MT, Sy Ndiaye T et al (2003) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in Dakar (Senegal): epidemiological and clinical features. Dakar Med 48:64\u201367","journal-title":"Dakar Med"},{"key":"9085_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-6757(00)90068-8","volume":"18","author":"RD Ecker","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ecker RD, Galiani D, Carney M, Valente A (2000) Beh\u00e7ets disease in an African American man. Am J Emerg Med 18:118\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0735-6757(00)90068-8","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"9085_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3166\/bspe-2019-0094","volume":"112","author":"N Gaye","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gaye N (2019) Neuro-Beh\u00e7et dans un pays d\u2019Afrique subsaharienne\u202f: une s\u00e9rie de 16 patients au centre hospitalier national universitaire de Fann de Dakar, S\u00e9n\u00e9gal. Bull Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Pathol Exot 112:137\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3166\/bspe-2019-0094","journal-title":"Bull Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Pathol Exot"},{"key":"9085_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2983209","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2983209","volume":"2020","author":"M Getachew","year":"2020","unstructured":"Getachew M, Seyoum N, Debebe F (2020) Behcet\u2019s Disease with Upper GI Bleeding. Case Rep Emerg Med 2020:2983209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/2983209","journal-title":"Case Rep Emerg Med"},{"key":"9085_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(94)70102-4","volume":"30","author":"WK Jacyk","year":"1994","unstructured":"Jacyk WK (1994) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in South African blacks: report of five cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 30:869\u2013873. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(94)70102-4","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"9085_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2001.118585","volume":"34","author":"K Kasirajan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kasirajan K, Marek JM, Langsfeld M (2001) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: endovascular management of a ruptured peripheral arterial aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 34:1127\u20131129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mva.2001.118585","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"9085_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15653","volume":"52","author":"A Khoo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khoo A, Jaunmuktane Z, Foulkes AJM (2022) Tumefactive neuro-Beh\u00e7et disease in a Ghanaian man. Intern Med J 52:152\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imj.15653","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"9085_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41928","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.41928","volume":"15","author":"BRV Kurada","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kurada BRV, Umeh CA, Gupta RC et al (2023) Pulmonary Arterial Aneurysms and Thrombosis in a Young Male: A Rare Presentation of Behcet\u2019s Disease. Cureus 15:e41928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.41928","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"9085_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150200031","volume":"249","author":"A Lannuzel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lannuzel A, Lamaury I, Charpentier D, Caparros-Lefebvre D (2002) Neurological manifestations of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in a Caribbean population: clinical and imaging findings. J Neurol 249:410\u2013418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004150200031","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9085_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.05.007","volume":"78","author":"E Liozon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liozon E, Roussin C, Pu\u00e9chal X et al (2011) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in East African patients may not be unusual and is an HLA-B51 negative condition: a case series from Mayotte (Comoros). Joint Bone Spine 78:166\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.05.007","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"9085_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2016.v107.i1.12039","volume":"107","author":"A Makgotloe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Makgotloe A (2016) The intraocular CD4\/CD8 ratio in a black South African patient with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease uveitis. Afr Med J 107:41\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7196\/SAMJ.2016.v107.i1.12039","journal-title":"Afr Med J"},{"key":"9085_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.79","volume":"2","author":"JR Meda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Meda JR, Seni J, Mpondo B et al (2014) Behcet\u2019s disease presenting with recurrent ocular, oral, and scrotal inflammatory lesions in a young Tanzanian man: a case report. Clin Case Rep 2:133\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccr3.79","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"9085_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0385-0","volume":"26","author":"N Melillo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Melillo N, Sangle S, Stanford MR et al (2007) Low-dose intra-venous cyclophosphamide therapy in a patient with neurological complications of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Clin Rheumatol 26:1365\u20131367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-006-0385-0","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/1941874414530724","volume":"5","author":"AE Merkler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Merkler AE, Maciel CB, May AS et al (2015) Neuro-beh\u00e7et disease in an african american adolescent. Neurohospitalist 5:43\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1941874414530724","journal-title":"Neurohospitalist"},{"key":"9085_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-211195","author":"A Mitra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mitra A (2015) Spontaneous multisystem deep venous thrombosis as an unusual presentation of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in a young Afro-Caribbean patient. BMJ Case Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2015-211195","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"9085_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1051\/mbcb\/2009030","volume":"15","author":"P Niang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Niang P, Tine SD, Ba A et al (2009) Oral manifestations of Behcet\u2019s disease. 12 cases report in Senegal. Med Buccale Chir Buccale 15:183\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/mbcb\/2009030","journal-title":"Med Buccale Chir Buccale"},{"key":"9085_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/s0013-7006(06)77335-3","volume":"32","author":"I Nkam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nkam I, Cottereau MJ (2006) Acute psychosis and Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: a case report. Encephale 32:385\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0013-7006(06)77335-3","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"9085_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2018.06.007","volume":"25","author":"B Nokes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nokes B, Tseng AS, Cartin-Ceba R et al (2018) Anticoagulation in Beh\u00e7et related intrathoracic vasculitis. Respir Med Case Rep 25:52\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmcr.2018.06.007","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"9085_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574410379655","volume":"45","author":"EA O\u2019Leary","year":"2011","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary EA, Sabahi I, Ricotta JJ et al (2011) Femoral profunda artery aneurysm as an unusual first presentation of Behcet disease. Vasc Endovasc Surg 45:98\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1538574410379655","journal-title":"Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"9085_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000255693.75314.fd","volume":"13","author":"A Pandrea","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pandrea A, Rudinskaya A, Klein B, Krebs T (2007) What does it take to diagnose Beh\u00e7et disease? JCR J Clin Rheumatol 13:31\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.rhu.0000255693.75314.fd","journal-title":"JCR J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2012.012006","volume":"23","author":"S Patel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patel S, Prime K (2012) Recurrent vulval ulceration: could it be Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease? Int J STD AIDS 23:683\u2013684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/ijsa.2012.012006","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"9085_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.7.876","volume":"87","author":"W Poon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Poon W (2003) Behcet\u2019s disease in patients of west African and afro-Caribbean origin. Br J Ophthalmol 87:876\u2013878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.87.7.876","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"9085_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2021.11.046","volume":"17","author":"JJ Pretorius","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pretorius JJ, Hiesgen J, Myburgh M, Suleman FE (2022) Neuro-Beh\u00e7et - Clinical and radiological findings in a Patient of Sub-saharan African origin. Radiol Case Rep 17:592\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radcr.2021.11.046","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"9085_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3109\/14397595.2013.843751","volume":"25","author":"S Rao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rao S, Dhindsa-Castanedo L, Benndorf G (2015) Rapidly evolving large extracranial vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: case report and review of the literature. Mod Rheumatol 25:476\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14397595.2013.843751","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-015-0039-z","volume":"13","author":"SA Sarr","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sarr SA, Fall PD, Mboup MC et al (2015) Superior vena cava syndrome revealing a Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Thromb J 13:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12959-015-0039-z","journal-title":"Thromb J"},{"key":"9085_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-9-42","volume":"9","author":"L Savey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Savey L, Resche-Rigon M, Wechsler B et al (2014) Ethnicity and association with disease manifestations and mortality in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Orphanet J Rare Dis 9:42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1750-1172-9-42","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"9085_CR60","first-page":"293","volume":"68","author":"H Savini","year":"2008","unstructured":"Savini H, Sagui E, Simon F et al (2008) Hemiparesia with cutaneous and mucosal ulcerations in a black-skinned man. Med Trop Rev Corps Sante Colon 68:293\u2013295","journal-title":"Med Trop Rev Corps Sante Colon"},{"key":"9085_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith JA, Siddiqui D (2002) Intestinal Beh\u00b8cet\u2019s Disease Presenting as a Massive Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleed. Dig Dis Sci 47:","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017999515606"},{"issue":"4","key":"9085_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.4.498","volume":"36","author":"CB Taylor","year":"1997","unstructured":"Taylor CB, Low N, Raj S et al (1997) Behcet\u2019s syndrome progressing to gastrointestinal perforation in a West African male. Br J Rheumatol 36(4):498\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.4.498","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4466-y","volume":"33","author":"S Watkins","year":"2018","unstructured":"Watkins S, Gaffo AL, Clark AV, Steinhilber S (2018) An exercise in clinical reasoning: do you unpack? J Gen Intern Med 33:1196\u20131200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-018-4466-y","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"9085_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/00005382-199422000-00012","volume":"9","author":"HT Winer-Muram","year":"1994","unstructured":"Winer-Muram HT, Headley AS, Menke P, Eltorky M (1994) Radiologic manifestations of thoracic vascular Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in African-American men. J Thorac Imaging 9:176\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005382-199422000-00012","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"9085_CR65","unstructured":"Ikuabe PO, Jumbo J, Ebuenyi ID, et al Exudative pleural effusion associated with Behcet\u2019s disease. Behcets Dis"},{"key":"9085_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Awoyesuku AA, Okoh O, Altraide D (2010) Behcet\u2019s disease in a Nigerian. P H Med J 5:. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/phmedj.v5i1.62934","DOI":"10.4314\/phmedj.v5i1.62934"},{"key":"9085_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0426-8","volume":"26","author":"LM Endo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Endo LM, Rowe SM, Romp RL et al (2007) Pulmonary aneurysms and intracardiac thrombi due to Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in an African-American adolescent with oculocutaneous albinism. Clin Rheumatol 26:1537\u20131539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-006-0426-8","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-8807(02)00117-5","volume":"11","author":"SD Cohle","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cohle SD, Colby T (2002) Fatal hemoptysis from Behcet\u2019s disease in a child. Cardiovasc Pathol 11:296\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1054-8807(02)00117-5","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"9085_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40930","volume":"71","author":"M Aringer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aringer M, Costenbader K, Daikh D et al (2019) 2019 European League Against Rheumatism\/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 71:1400\u20131412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.40930","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2315894","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.15894","volume":"6","author":"PY Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee PY, Davidson BA, Abraham RS et al (2023) Evaluation and Management of Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2: An International Consensus Statement. JAMA Netw Open 6:e2315894. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.15894","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"9085_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-016-0070-z","volume":"14","author":"I Kon\u00e9-Paut","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kon\u00e9-Paut I (2016) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in children, an overview. Pediatr Rheumatol 14:10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12969-016-0070-z","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Amor\u00edn G, Demetrio-Pablo R, Fern\u00e1ndez-Ram\u00f3n R, et al (2023) Epidemiology and clinical domains of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in the Cantabria region, Northern Spain. Clin Exp Rheumatol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/z32rhm","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/z32rhm"},{"key":"9085_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04570-w","volume":"38","author":"TA Gheita","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gheita TA, El-Latif EA, El-Gazzar II et al (2019) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in Egypt: a multicenter nationwide study on 1526 adult patients and review of the literature. Clin Rheumatol 38:2565\u20132575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-019-04570-w","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15553","volume":"47","author":"G Mumcu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mumcu G, Yay M, Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131 \u00dc et al (2020) Moderation analysis exploring associations between age and mucocutaneous activity in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome: a multicenter study from Turkey. J Dermatol 47:1403\u20131410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1346-8138.15553","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"9085_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-012-0696-8","volume":"23","author":"T Kobayashi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kobayashi T, Kishimoto M, Swearingen CJ et al (2013) Differences in clinical manifestations, treatment, and concordance rates with two major sets of criteria for Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome for patients in the US and Japan: data from a large, three-center cohort study. Mod Rheumatol 23:547\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/s10165-012-0696-8","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.5152\/eurjrheum.2019.18215","volume":"6","author":"F Shahram","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shahram F, M\u00e6hlen MT, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA et al (2019) Geographical variations in ocular and extra-ocular manifestations in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Eur J Rheumatol 6:199\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/eurjrheum.2019.18215","journal-title":"Eur J Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02615-7","volume":"23","author":"N Hammam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hammam N, Li J, Evans M et al (2021) Epidemiology and treatment of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in the USA: insights from the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) Registry with a comparison with other published cohorts from endemic regions. Arthritis Res Ther 23:224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-021-02615-7","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"9085_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13571","volume":"204","author":"M Elfishawi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elfishawi M, Mossallam G, Augusto DG et al (2021) Beh\u00e7et disease, new insights in disease associations and manifestations: a next-generation sequencing study. Clin Exp Immunol 204:144\u2013151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cei.13571","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"9085_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.11.2171","volume":"122","author":"G Akman-Demir","year":"1999","unstructured":"Akman-Demir G, Serdaroglu P, Tas\u00e7i B (1999) Clinical patterns of neurological involvement in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: evaluation of 200 patients. Brain 122:2171\u20132182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/122.11.2171","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"9085_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131227","volume":"41","author":"C Sibley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sibley C, Yazici Y, Tascilar K et al (2014) Beh\u00e7et syndrome manifestations and activity in the United States versus Turkey \u2013 a cross-sectional cohort comparison. J Rheumatol 41:1379\u20131384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.131227","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200301000-00006","volume":"82","author":"E Kural-Seyahi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kural-Seyahi E, Fresko I, Seyahi N et al (2003) The long-term mortality and morbidity of Beh\u00e7et syndrome: a 2-decade outcome survey of 387 patients followed at a dedicated center. Medicine (Baltimore) 82:60","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"Suppl 132","key":"9085_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/0hia54","volume":"39","author":"FG Kerstens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kerstens FG, Turkstra F, Swearingen CJ, Yazici Y (2021) Initial visit symptoms in probable Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome is predictive of ISG criteria fulfillment in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome: data from New York and Amsterdam cohorts. Clin Exp Rheumatol 39(Suppl 132):43\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/0hia54","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"9085_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24642","volume":"61","author":"M de Menthon","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Menthon M, Lavalley MP, Maldini C et al (2009) HLA-B51\/B5 and the risk of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control genetic association studies. Arthritis Rheum 61:1287\u20131296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.24642","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"9085_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker428","volume":"51","author":"C Maldini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maldini C, LaValley MP, Cheminant M et al (2012) Relationships of HLA-B51 or B5 genotype with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease clinical characteristics: systematic review and meta-analyses of observational studies. Rheumatology 51:887\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker428","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"9085_CR85","unstructured":"Wechsler B, Le Thi Huong D u, Massin I, et al (1988) [Behcet\u2019s disease in France. Apropos of 60 autochtonous subjects]. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 139:315\u2013319"},{"key":"9085_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2002.17.3.366","volume":"17","author":"S-H Park","year":"2002","unstructured":"Park S-H, Park K-S, Seo Y-I et al (2002) Association of MICA polymorphism with HLA-B51 and disease severity in Korean patients with Behcet\u2019s disease. J Korean Med Sci 17:366\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2002.17.3.366","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"9085_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.624","volume":"42","author":"N Mizuki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mizuki N, Meguro A, Ota M et al (2010) Genome-wide association studies identify IL23R-IL12RB2 and IL10 as Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease susceptibility loci. Nat Genet 42:703\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng.624","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"9085_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2018.02.022","volume":"39","author":"A-C Desbois","year":"2018","unstructured":"Desbois A-C, Terrada C, Cacoub P et al (2018) Les manifestations oculaires de la maladie de Beh\u00e7et. Rev M\u00e9decine Interne 39:738\u2013745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.revmed.2018.02.022","journal-title":"Rev M\u00e9decine Interne"}],"container-title":["Clinical Reviews in Allergy &amp; Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-025-09085-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12016-025-09085-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-025-09085-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T22:22:34Z","timestamp":1757456554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12016-025-09085-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-025-09085-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 July 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"81"}}