{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T06:12:59Z","timestamp":1789193579014,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuromol Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-022-08706-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T05:06:18Z","timestamp":1650603978000},"page":"363-373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["ACE2, Circumventricular Organs and the Hypothalamus, and COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9756-7772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Yi","family":"Ong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. L.","family":"Satish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deron R.","family":"Herr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19630","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76781-0","volume":"10","author":"Arcanjo, A., Logullo, J., Menezes, C. C. B., de Souza Carvalho Giangiarulo, T. C., Dos Reis, M. C., de Castro, G. M. M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arcanjo, A., Logullo, J., Menezes, C. C. B., de Souza Carvalho Giangiarulo, T. C., Dos Reis, M. C., de Castro, G. M. M, et al. (2020). The emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19). Science and Reports, 10(1), 19630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-76781-0","journal-title":"Science and Reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-021-10003-3","volume":"52","author":"A Ardestani Zadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ardestani Zadeh, A., & Arab, D. (2021). COVID-19 and male reproductive system: Pathogenic features and possible mechanisms. Journal of Molecular Histology, 52(5), 869\u2013878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10735-021-10003-3","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Histology"},{"issue":"10","key":"8706_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26105","volume":"92","author":"AM Baig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baig, A. M., & Sanders, E. C. (2020). Potential neuroinvasive pathways of SARS-CoV-2: Deciphering the spectrum of neurological deficit seen in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Journal of Medical Virology, 92(10), 1845\u20131857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.26105","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90395-p","volume":"599","author":"JS Bains","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bains, J. S., Potyok, A., & Ferguson, A. V. (1992). Angiotensin II actions in paraventricular nucleus: Functional evidence for neurotransmitter role in efferents originating in subfornical organ. Brain Research, 599(2), 223\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90395-p","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-328x(97)00339-2","volume":"54","author":"O Baltatu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baltatu, O., Lippoldt, A., Hansson, A., Ganten, D., & Bader, M. (1998). Local renin-angiotensin system in the pineal gland. Molecular Brain Research, 54(2), 237\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0169-328x(97)00339-2","journal-title":"Molecular Brain Research"},{"key":"8706_CR6","unstructured":"Barrett, K. E., Barman, S. M., Boitano, S., & Brooks, H. L. (2016). Ganong's review of medical physiology. Mc Graw Hill."},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1037\/h0034112","volume":"82","author":"BD Berger","year":"1973","unstructured":"Berger, B. D., Wise, C. D., & Stein, L. (1973). Area postrema damage and bait shyness. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 82(3), 475\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0034112","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology"},{"key":"8706_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bernard-Valnet, R., Perriot, S., Canales, M., Pizzarotti, B., Caranzano, L., Castro-Jimenez, M., et al. (2021). Encephalopathies associated with severe COVID-19 present neurovascular unit alterations without evidence for strong neuroinflammation. Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/NXI.0000000000001029","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000001029"},{"issue":"12","key":"8706_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.1c00111","volume":"12","author":"ME Boroujeni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boroujeni, M. E., Simani, L., Bluyssen, H. A. R., Samadikhah, H. R., Zamanlui Benisi, S., Hassani, S., et al. (2021). Inflammatory response leads to neuronal death in human post-mortem cerebral cortex in patients with COVID-19. ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 12(12), 2143\u20132150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.1c00111","journal-title":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-02152-5","volume":"58","author":"D Bougakov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bougakov, D., Podell, K., & Goldberg, E. (2021). Multiple neuroinvasive pathways in COVID-19. Molecular Neurobiology, 58(2), 564\u2013575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-020-02152-5","journal-title":"Molecular Neurobiology"},{"key":"8706_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.105131","volume":"146","author":"TP Buzhdygan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Buzhdygan, T. P., DeOre, B. J., Baldwin-Leclair, A., Bullock, T. A., McGary, H. M., Khan, J. A., et al. (2020). The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein alters barrier function in 2D static and 3D microfluidic in-vitro models of the human blood-brain barrier. Neurobiology of Diseases, 146, 105131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.105131","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(81)90391-8","volume":"25","author":"A Camacho","year":"1981","unstructured":"Camacho, A., & Phillips, M. I. (1981). Horseradish peroxidase study in rat of the neural connections of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis. Neuroscience Letters, 25(3), 201\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0304-3940(81)90391-8","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2020.09.001","volume":"81","author":"P Caron","year":"2020","unstructured":"Caron, P. (2020). Thyroid disorders and SARS-CoV-2 infection: From pathophysiological mechanism to patient management. Annales d\u2019Endocrinologie (Paris), 81(5), 507\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ando.2020.09.001","journal-title":"Annales d'Endocrinologie (Paris)"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01055.2003","volume":"93","author":"MJ Cato","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cato, M. J., & Toney, G. M. (2005). Angiotensin II excites paraventricular nucleus neurons that innervate the rostral ventrolateral medulla: An in vitro patch-clamp study in brain slices. Journal of Neurophysiology, 93(1), 403\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.01055.2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"8706_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.0c00265","volume":"11","author":"F Chigr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chigr, F., Merzouki, M., & Najimi, M. (2020). Autonomic brain centers and pathophysiology of COVID-19. ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 11(11), 1520\u20131522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.0c00265","journal-title":"ACS Chemical Neuroscience"},{"key":"8706_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-021-10015-6","author":"E Clough","year":"2021","unstructured":"Clough, E., Inigo, J., Chandra, D., Chaves, L., Reynolds, J. L., Aalinkeel, R., et al. (2021). Mitochondrial dynamics in SARS-COV2 spike protein treated human microglia: Implications for neuro-COVID. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11481-021-10015-6","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-021-01506-7","volume":"44","author":"L Croce","year":"2021","unstructured":"Croce, L., Gangemi, D., Ancona, G., Liboa, F., Bendotti, G., Minelli, L., et al. (2021). The cytokine storm and thyroid hormone changes in COVID-19. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 44(5), 891\u2013904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-021-01506-7","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"},{"key":"8706_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2020.113002","volume":"224","author":"AD de Kloet","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Kloet, A. D., Cahill, K. M., Scott, K. A., & Krause, E. G. (2020). Overexpression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 reduces anxiety-like behavior in female mice. Physiology & Behavior, 224, 113002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2020.113002","journal-title":"Physiology & Behavior"},{"key":"8706_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.02.008","volume":"124","author":"IS de Melo","year":"2021","unstructured":"de Melo, I. S., Sabino-Silva, R., Cunha, T. M., Goulart, L. R., Reis, W. L., Jardim, A. C. G., et al. (2021). Hydroelectrolytic disorder in COVID-19 patients: Evidence supporting the involvement of subfornical organ and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 124, 216\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.02.008","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H926","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00259.2015","volume":"309","author":"TM de Queiroz","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Queiroz, T. M., Xia, H., Filipeanu, C. M., Braga, V. A., & Lazartigues, E. (2015). alpha-Lipoic acid reduces neurogenic hypertension by blunting oxidative stress-mediated increase in ADAM17. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 309(5), H926-934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00259.2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R373","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00292.2006","volume":"292","author":"MF Doobay","year":"2007","unstructured":"Doobay, M. F., Talman, L. S., Obr, T. D., Tian, X., Davisson, R. L., & Lazartigues, E. (2007). Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system. American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 292(1), R373-381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00292.2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"},{"issue":"14","key":"8706_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14819","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103544","volume":"12","author":"R Duan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duan, R., Xue, X., Zhang, Q. Q., Wang, S. Y., Gong, P. Y., et al. (2020). ACE2 activator diminazene aceturate ameliorates Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like neuropathology and rescues cognitive impairment in SAMP8 mice. Aging, 12(14), 14819\u201314829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.103544","journal-title":"Aging"},{"issue":"8","key":"8706_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2000.11740753","volume":"22","author":"HM Duvernoy","year":"2000","unstructured":"Duvernoy, H. M., Parratte, B., Tatu, L., & Vuillier, F. (2000). The human pineal gland: Relationships with surrounding structures and blood supply. Neurological Research, 22(8), 747\u2013790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01616412.2000.11740753","journal-title":"Neurological Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2007.040311","volume":"93","author":"KM Elased","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elased, K. M., Cunha, T. S., Marcondes, F. K., & Morris, M. (2008). Brain angiotensin-converting enzymes: Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in processing angiotensin II in mice. Experimental Physiology, 93(5), 665\u2013675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/expphysiol.2007.040311","journal-title":"Experimental Physiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1159\/000124015","volume":"39","author":"AV Ferguson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ferguson, A. V., Day, T. A., & Renaud, L. P. (1984a). Subfornical organ efferents influence the excitability of neurohypophyseal and tuberoinfundibular paraventricular nucleus neurons in the rat. Neuroendocrinology, 39(5), 423\u2013428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000124015","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"6 Pt 2","key":"8706_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1088","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1984.247.6.R1088","volume":"247","author":"AV Ferguson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ferguson, A. V., Day, T. A., & Renaud, L. P. (1984b). Subfornical organ stimulation excites paraventricular neurons projecting to dorsal medulla. American Journal of Physiology, 247(6 Pt 2), R1088-1092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.1984.247.6.R1088","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-021-01148-1","volume":"24","author":"S Frara","year":"2021","unstructured":"Frara, S., Allora, A., Castellino, L., di Filippo, L., Loli, P., & Giustina, A. (2021). COVID-19 and the pituitary. Pituitary, 24(3), 465\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11102-021-01148-1","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-021-00933-8","volume":"13","author":"JF Fullard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fullard, J. F., Lee, H. C., Voloudakis, G., Suo, S., Javidfar, B., Shao, Z., et al. (2021). Single-nucleus transcriptome analysis of human brain immune response in patients with severe COVID-19. Genome Medicine, 13(1), 118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-021-00933-8","journal-title":"Genome Medicine"},{"key":"8706_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117517","volume":"427","author":"MA Garcia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Garcia, M. A., Barreras, P. V., Lewis, A., Pinilla, G., Sokoll, L. J., Kickler, T., et al. (2021). Cerebrospinal fluid in COVID-19 neurological complications: Neuroaxonal damage, anti-SARS-Cov2 antibodies but no evidence of cytokine storm. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 427, 117517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117517","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"8706_CR30","unstructured":"Getz, S. (2007). Liebman's neuroanatomy made easy and understandable. Pro-Ed."},{"issue":"4","key":"8706_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1177\/002215549904700409","volume":"47","author":"ME Giles","year":"1999","unstructured":"Giles, M. E., Fernley, R. T., Nakamura, Y., Moeller, I., Aldred, G. P., Ferraro, T., et al. (1999). Characterization of a specific antibody to the rat angiotensin II AT1 receptor. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 47(4), 507\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002215549904700409","journal-title":"Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01248-09","volume":"84","author":"I Glowacka","year":"2010","unstructured":"Glowacka, I., Bertram, S., Herzog, P., Pfefferle, S., Steffen, I., Muench, M. O., et al. (2010). Differential downregulation of ACE2 by the spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus NL63. Journal of Virology, 84(2), 1198\u20131205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.01248-09","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51350","volume":"8","author":"EL Graham","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graham, E. L., Clark, J. R., Orban, Z. S., Lim, P. H., Szymanski, A. L., Taylor, C., et al. (2021). Persistent neurologic symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in non-hospitalized Covid-19 \u201clong haulers.\u201d Annals of Clinical Translational Neurology, 8(5), 1073\u20131085. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acn3.51350","journal-title":"Annals of Clinical Translational Neurology"},{"issue":"6 Pt 2","key":"8706_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1131","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1990.259.6.R1131","volume":"259","author":"PM Gross","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gross, P. M., Wall, K. M., Pang, J. J., Shaver, S. W., & Wainman, D. S. (1990). Microvascular specializations promoting rapid interstitial solute dispersion in nucleus tractus solitarius. American Journal of Physiology, 259(6 Pt 2), R1131-1138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.1990.259.6.R1131","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"8706_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gu, C. (2021). Rapid and reversible development of axonal varicosities: A new form of neural plasticity. [Review]. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnmol.2021.610857","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2021.610857"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-04973-x","volume":"48","author":"E Guedj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guedj, E., Million, M., Dudouet, P., Tissot-Dupont, H., Bregeon, F., Cammilleri, S., et al. (2021). (18)F-FDG brain PET hypometabolism in post-SARS-CoV-2 infection: Substrate for persistent\/delayed disorders? European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 48(2), 592\u2013595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-020-04973-x","journal-title":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"8706_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-3180.2020.0722.R1.2302021","volume":"139","author":"M Guven","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guven, M., & Gultekin, H. (2021). Could serum total cortisol level at admission predict mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 in the intensive care unit? A prospective study. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 139(4), 398\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1516-3180.2020.0722.R1.2302021","journal-title":"Sao Paulo Medical Journal"},{"key":"8706_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2020.e00859","volume":"21","author":"MB Habib","year":"2020","unstructured":"Habib, M. B., Sardar, S., & Sajid, J. (2020). Acute symptomatic hyponatremia in setting of SIADH as an isolated presentation of COVID-19. Idcases, 21, e00859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idcr.2020.e00859","journal-title":"Idcases"},{"key":"8706_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00224","volume":"11","author":"R Haddad-Tovolli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haddad-Tovolli, R., Dragano, N. R. V., Ramalho, A. F. S., & Velloso, L. A. (2017). Development and function of the blood\u2013brain barrier in the context of metabolic control. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 11, 224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00224","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2009.12.001","volume":"85","author":"S Haga","year":"2010","unstructured":"Haga, S., Nagata, N., Okamura, T., Yamamoto, N., Sata, T., Yamamoto, N., et al. (2010). TACE antagonists blocking ACE2 shedding caused by the spike protein of SARS-CoV are candidate antiviral compounds. Antiviral Research, 85(3), 551\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2009.12.001","journal-title":"Antiviral Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"8706_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1080\/10641963.2020.1772812","volume":"42","author":"W Han","year":"2020","unstructured":"Han, W., Wang, M., Zhai, X., Gan, Q., Guan, S., & Qu, X. (2020). Chemical renal denervation-induced upregulation of the ACE2\/Ang (1\u20137)\/Mas axis attenuates blood pressure elevation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 42(7), 661\u2013668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10641963.2020.1772812","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Hypertension"},{"issue":"11","key":"8706_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048966","volume":"7","author":"Y Han","year":"2012","unstructured":"Han, Y., Sun, H. J., Li, P., Gao, Q., Zhou, Y. B., Zhang, F., et al. (2012). Angiotensin-(1\u20137) in paraventricular nucleus modulates sympathetic activity and cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in renovascular hypertensive rats. PLoS ONE, 7(11), e48966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0048966","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"8706_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoffmann, M., Kleine-Weber, H., Schroeder, S., Kruger, N., Herrler, T., Erichsen, S., et al. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell, 181(2), 271\u2013280 e278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00418-x","volume":"23","author":"CB Jackson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jackson, C. B., Farzan, M., Chen, B., & Choe, H. (2022). Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 23(1), 3\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41580-021-00418-x","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00591-7","volume":"6","author":"L Jiao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiao, L., Yang, Y., Yu, W., Zhao, Y., Long, H., Gao, J., et al. (2021). The olfactory route is a potential way for SARS-CoV-2 to invade the central nervous system of rhesus monkeys. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 6(1), 169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-021-00591-7","journal-title":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02594.x","volume":"23","author":"AK Johnson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Johnson, A. K., Cunningham, J. T., & Thunhorst, R. L. (1996). Integrative role of the lamina terminalis in the regulation of cardiovascular and body fluid homeostasis. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 23(2), 183\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02594.x","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology"},{"key":"8706_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/s0079-6123(08)63448-2","volume":"10","author":"JA Kappers","year":"1965","unstructured":"Kappers, J. A. (1965). Survey of the innervation of the epiphysis cerebri and the accessory pineal organs of vertebrates. Progress in Brain Research, 10, 87\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0079-6123(08)63448-2","journal-title":"Progress in Brain Research"},{"key":"8706_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kar, S., Gao, L., & Zucker, I. H. (2010). Exercise training normalizes ACE and ACE2 in the brain of rabbits with pacing-induced heart failure. Journal of Applied Physiology (1985), 108(4), 923\u2013932. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00840.2009","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00840.2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5696","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13639-8","volume":"10","author":"JS Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim, J. S., Han, S. Y., & Iremonger, K. J. (2019). Stress experience and hormone feedback tune distinct components of hypothalamic CRH neuron activity. Nature Communications, 10(1), 5696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-019-13639-8","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"8","key":"8706_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1267","volume":"11","author":"K Kuba","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kuba, K., Imai, Y., Rao, S., Gao, H., Guo, F., Guan, B., et al. (2005). A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury. Nature Medicine, 11(8), 875\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm1267","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"8706_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1386207324666210805121828","author":"R Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar, R., Harilal, S., Sabitha, M., Pappachan, L. K., Roshni, P. R., & Mathew, B. (2021). Current perspective of COVID-19 on neurology: A mechanistic insight. Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1386207324666210805121828","journal-title":"Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(85)90500-2","volume":"57","author":"S Landas","year":"1985","unstructured":"Landas, S., Fischer, J., Wilkin, L. D., Mitchell, L. D., Johnson, A. K., Turner, J. W., et al. (1985). Demonstration of regional blood-brain barrier permeability in human brain. Neuroscience Letters, 57(3), 251\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0304-3940(85)90500-2","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1998.00003.x","volume":"10","author":"PJ Larsen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Larsen, P. J., Enquist, L. W., & Card, J. P. (1998). Characterization of the multisynaptic neuronal control of the rat pineal gland using viral transneuronal tracing. European Journal of Neuroscience, 10(1), 128\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1998.00003.x","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"8706_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2609","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.15-04-02609.1995","volume":"15","author":"PJ Larsen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Larsen, P. J., & Mikkelsen, J. D. (1995). Functional identification of central afferent projections conveying information of acute \u201cstress\u201d to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Journal of Neuroscience, 15(4), 2609\u20132627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.15-04-02609.1995","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"12","key":"8706_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5041","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.23-12-05041.2003","volume":"23","author":"DP Li","year":"2003","unstructured":"Li, D. P., Chen, S. R., & Pan, H. L. (2003). Angiotensin II stimulates spinally projecting paraventricular neurons through presynaptic disinhibition. Journal of Neuroscience, 23(12), 5041\u20135049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.23-12-05041.2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-19-0471","volume":"246","author":"X Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma, X., Gao, F., Chen, Q., Xuan, X., Wang, Y., Deng, H., et al. (2020). ACE2 modulates glucose homeostasis through GABA signaling during metabolic stress. Journal of Endocrinology, 246(3), 223\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/joe-19-0471","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"8706_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.701419","volume":"12","author":"A Mackay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mackay, A. (2021). A paradigm for post-covid-19 fatigue syndrome analogous to ME\/CFS. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 701419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.701419","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2021.1968830","volume":"16","author":"J Malik","year":"2021","unstructured":"Malik, J., Zaidi, S. M. J., Waqar, A. U., Khawaja, H., Malik, A., Ishaq, U., et al. (2021). Association of hypothyroidism with acute COVID-19: A systematic review. Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 16(5), 251\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17446651.2021.1968830","journal-title":"Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"7","key":"8706_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1057","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00433.2013","volume":"305","author":"A Martins Lima","year":"2013","unstructured":"Martins Lima, A., Xavier, C. H., Ferreira, A. J., Raizada, M. K., Wallukat, G., Velloso, E. P., et al. (2013). Activation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2\/angiotensin-(1\u20137)\/Mas axis attenuates the cardiac reactivity to acute emotional stress. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 305(7), H1057-1067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00433.2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"},{"key":"8706_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.22.1.105","volume":"22","author":"BS McEwen","year":"1999","unstructured":"McEwen, B. S. (1999). Stress and hippocampal plasticity. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 22, 105\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.neuro.22.1.105","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90761-4","volume":"375","author":"MJ McKinley","year":"1986","unstructured":"McKinley, M. J., Allen, A., Clevers, J., Denton, D. A., & Mendelsohn, F. A. (1986). Autoradiographic localization of angiotensin receptors in the sheep brain. Brain Research, 375(2), 373\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90761-4","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91260-1","volume":"420","author":"MJ McKinley","year":"1987","unstructured":"McKinley, M. J., Allen, A. M., Clevers, J., Paxinos, G., & Mendelsohn, F. A. (1987). Angiotensin receptor binding in human hypothalamus: Autoradiographic localization. Brain Research, 420(2), 375\u2013379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91260-1","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91138-5","volume":"594","author":"MJ McKinley","year":"1992","unstructured":"McKinley, M. J., Badoer, E., & Oldfield, B. J. (1992a). Intravenous angiotensin II induces Fos-immunoreactivity in circumventricular organs of the lamina terminalis. Brain Research, 594(2), 295\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91138-5","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"8706_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKinley, M. J., Bicknell, R. J., Hards, D., McAllen, R. M., Vivas, L., Weisinger, R. S., et al. (1992b). Efferent neural pathways of the lamina terminalis subserving osmoregulation. In A. Ermisch, R. Landgraf, & H.-J. R\u00fchle (Eds.), Progress in brain research (Vol. 91, pp. 395\u2013402). Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)62358-4"},{"key":"8706_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKinley, M. J., Clarke, I. J., & Oldfield, B. J. (2004). Circumventricular organs. In G. Paxinos, & J. K. Mai (Eds.), The human nervous system. (2nd ed.). Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012547626-3\/50020-X"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(96)01178-x","volume":"747","author":"MJ McKinley","year":"1997","unstructured":"McKinley, M. J., Colvill, L. M., Giles, M. E., & Oldfield, B. J. (1997). Distribution of Fos-immunoreactivity in rat brain following a dipsogenic dose of captopril and effects of angiotensin receptor blockade. Brain Research, 747(1), 43\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-8993(96)01178-x","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.5.1575","volume":"81","author":"FA Mendelsohn","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mendelsohn, F. A., Quirion, R., Saavedra, J. M., Aguilera, G., & Catt, K. J. (1984). Autoradiographic localization of angiotensin II receptors in rat brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 81(5), 1575\u20131579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.81.5.1575","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"8706_CR68","unstructured":"Miselis, R. R., Shapiro, R. E., & Hyde, I. M. (1987). The area postrema. In Circumventricualar organs and body fluids (Vol. 2, pp. 185\u2013207). CRC Press."},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13133","volume":"74","author":"S Mukerjee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mukerjee, S., Gao, H., Xu, J., Sato, R., Zsombok, A., & Lazartigues, E. (2019). ACE2 and ADAM17 interaction regulates the activity of presympathetic neurons. Hypertension, 74(5), 1181\u20131191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13133","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"8706_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13030498","author":"BM Mussa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mussa, B. M., Srivastava, A., & Verberne, A. J. M. (2021). COVID-19 and neurological impairment: Hypothalamic circuits and beyond. Viruses. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v13030498","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"15","key":"8706_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7264","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00737-08","volume":"82","author":"J Netland","year":"2008","unstructured":"Netland, J., Meyerholz, D. K., Moore, S., Cassell, M., & Perlman, S. (2008). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2. Journal of Virology, 82(15), 7264\u20137275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00737-08","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)90219-4","volume":"60","author":"BJ Oldfield","year":"1994","unstructured":"Oldfield, B. J., Badoer, E., Hards, D. K., & McKinley, M. J. (1994). Fos production in retrogradely labelled neurons of the lamina terminalis following intravenous infusion of either hypertonic saline or angiotensin II. Neuroscience, 60(1), 255\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4522(94)90219-4","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"27","key":"8706_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15902","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003432117","volume":"117","author":"R Pan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan, R., Zhang, Q., Anthony, S. M., Zhou, Y., Zou, X., Cassell, M., et al. (2020). Oligodendrocytes that survive acute coronavirus infection induce prolonged inflammatory responses in the CNS. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(27), 15902\u201315910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2003432117","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"8706_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000823","author":"E Pascual-Goni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pascual-Goni, E., Fortea, J., Martinez-Domeno, A., Rabella, N., Tecame, M., Gomez-Oliva, C., et al. (2020). COVID-19-associated ophthalmoparesis and hypothalamic involvement. Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000823","journal-title":"Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"8706_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Paterson, R. W., Benjamin, L. A., Mehta, P. R., Brown, R. L., Athauda, D., Ashton, N. J., et al. (2021). Serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarker profiles in acute SARS-CoV-2-associated neurological syndromes. Brain Communications, 3(3), fcab099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab099","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab099"},{"key":"8706_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Piras, I. S., Huentelman, M. J., Walker, J. E., Arce, R., Glass, M. J., Vargas, D., et al. (2021). Olfactory bulb and amygdala gene expression changes in subjects dying with COVID-19. medRxiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2021.09.12.21263291","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.09.12.21263291"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5607\/en20048","volume":"30","author":"TI Pramitasuri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pramitasuri, T. I., Laksmidewi, A., Putra, I. B. K., & Dalimartha, F. A. (2021). Neutrophil extracellular traps in coronavirus disease-19-associated ischemic stroke: A novel avenue in neuroscience. Experimental Neurobiology, 30(1), 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5607\/en20048","journal-title":"Experimental Neurobiology"},{"key":"8706_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Puig-Domingo, M., Marazuela, M., Yildiz, B. O., & Giustina, A. (2021). COVID-19 and endocrine and metabolic diseases. An updated statement from the European Society of Endocrinology. Endocrine, 72(2), 301\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-021-02734-w","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-021-02734-w"},{"issue":"4","key":"8706_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.3325\/cmj.2020.61.377","volume":"61","author":"I Rosenzweig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rosenzweig, I., Mitrecic, D., Petanjek, Z., Duffy, B., Young, A. H., Nesbitt, A. D., et al. (2020). Does damage to hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus underlie symptoms of ultradian rhythm disorder and an increased anxiety in coronavirus disease 2019? Croatian Medical Journal, 61(4), 377\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3325\/cmj.2020.61.377","journal-title":"Croatian Medical Journal"},{"key":"8706_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruiz-Sanchez, J. G., Nunez-Gil, I. J., Cuesta, M., Rubio, M. A., Maroun-Eid, C., Arroyo-Espliguero, R., et al. (2020). Prognostic impact of hyponatremia and hypernatremia in COVID-19 pneumonia. A HOPE-COVID-19 (health outcome predictive evaluation for COVID-19) registry analysis. Frontiers in Endocrinology (Lausanne), 11, 599255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.599255","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.599255"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10188","volume":"22","author":"F Sandru","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sandru, F., Carsote, M., Petca, R. C., Gheorghisan-Galateanu, A. A., Petca, A., Valea, A., et al. (2021). COVID-19-related thyroid conditions (review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 22(1), 756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2021.10188","journal-title":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"},{"key":"8706_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schwabenland, M., Salie, H., Tanevski, J., Killmer, S., Lago, M. S., Schlaak, A. E., et al. (2021). Deep spatial profiling of human COVID-19 brains reveals neuroinflammation with distinct microanatomical microglia-T-cell interactions. Immunity, 54(7), 1594\u20131610 e1511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.06.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.06.002"},{"issue":"10","key":"8706_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-020-00441-x","volume":"28","author":"K Selvaraj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Selvaraj, K., Ravichandran, S., Krishnan, S., Radhakrishnan, R. K., Manickam, N., & Kandasamy, M. (2021). Testicular atrophy and hypothalamic pathology in COVID-19: Possibility of the incidence of male infertility and HPG axis abnormalities. Reproductive Sciences, 28(10), 2735\u20132742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-020-00441-x","journal-title":"Reproductive Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902340306","volume":"234","author":"RE Shapiro","year":"1985","unstructured":"Shapiro, R. E., & Miselis, R. R. (1985). The central neural connections of the area postrema of the rat. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 234(3), 344\u2013364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.902340306","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903060106","volume":"306","author":"SW Shaver","year":"1991","unstructured":"Shaver, S. W., Pang, J. J., Wall, K. M., Sposito, N. M., & Gross, P. M. (1991). Subregional topography of capillaries in the dorsal vagal complex of rats: I. Morphometric properties. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 306(1), 73\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.903060106","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902940111","volume":"294","author":"SW Shaver","year":"1990","unstructured":"Shaver, S. W., Sposito, N. M., & Gross, P. M. (1990). Quantitative fine structure of capillaries in subregions of the rat subfornical organ. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 294(1), 145\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.902940111","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"8706_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1159\/000123167","volume":"32","author":"JB Simpson","year":"1981","unstructured":"Simpson, J. B. (1981). The circumventricular organs and the central actions of angiotensin. Neuroendocrinology, 32(4), 248\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000123167","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"8706_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57060604","author":"C Sindona","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sindona, C., Schepici, G., Contestabile, V., Bramanti, P., & Mazzon, E. (2021). NOX2 activation in COVID-19: Possible implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina57060604","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)"},{"key":"8706_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22136984","author":"G Sita","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sita, G., Graziosi, A., Hrelia, P., & Morroni, F. (2021). NLRP3 and infections: Beta-amyloid in inflammasome beyond neurodegeneration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22136984","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"8706_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20202135","author":"E Song","year":"2021","unstructured":"Song, E., Zhang, C., Israelow, B., Lu-Culligan, A., Prado, A. V., Skriabine, S., et al. (2021). Neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain. Journal of Experimental Medicine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20202135","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)91392-7","volume":"326","author":"RC Speth","year":"1985","unstructured":"Speth, R. C., Wamsley, J. K., Gehlert, D. R., Chernicky, C. L., Barnes, K. L., & Ferrario, C. M. (1985). Angiotensin II receptor localization in the canine CNS. Brain Research, 326(1), 137\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-8993(85)91392-7","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"21","key":"8706_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4825","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15082","volume":"177","author":"K Sriram","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sriram, K., & Insel, P. A. (2020). A hypothesis for pathobiology and treatment of COVID-19: The centrality of ACE1\/ACE2 imbalance. British Journal of Pharmacology, 177(21), 4825\u20134844. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.15082","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063847","volume":"8","author":"S Sriramula","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sriramula, S., Cardinale, J. P., & Francis, J. (2013). Inhibition of TNF in the brain reverses alterations in RAS components and attenuates angiotensin II-induced hypertension. PLoS ONE, 8(5), e63847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0063847","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr242","volume":"92","author":"S Sriramula","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sriramula, S., Cardinale, J. P., Lazartigues, E., & Francis, J. (2011). ACE2 overexpression in the paraventricular nucleus attenuates angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Cardiovascular Research, 92(3), 401\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvr242","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"8706_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.933015","volume":"27","author":"GB Stefano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stefano, G. B., Buttiker, P., Weissenberger, S., Martin, A., Ptacek, R., & Kream, R. M. (2021). Editorial: The pathogenesis of long-term neuropsychiatric COVID-19 and the role of microglia, mitochondria, and persistent neuroinflammation: A hypothesis. Medical Science Monitor, 27, e933015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/MSM.933015","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor"},{"issue":"6","key":"8706_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.116.07747","volume":"68","author":"JE Stern","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stern, J. E., Son, S., Biancardi, V. C., Zheng, H., Sharma, N., & Patel, K. P. (2016). Astrocytes contribute to angiotensin II stimulation of hypothalamic neuronal activity and sympathetic outflow. Hypertension, 68(6), 1483\u20131493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.116.07747","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04188.x","volume":"22","author":"B Stragier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stragier, B., Hristova, I., Sarre, S., Ebinger, G., & Michotte, Y. (2005). In vivo characterization of the angiotensin-(1\u20137)-induced dopamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid release in the striatum of the rat. European Journal of Neuroscience, 22(3), 658\u2013664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04188.x","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"8706_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-019-0374-8","volume":"43","author":"C Sumners","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sumners, C., Alleyne, A., Rodr\u00edguez, V., Pioquinto, D. J., Ludin, J. A., Kar, S., et al. (2020). Brain angiotensin type-1 and type-2 receptors: Cellular locations under normal and hypertensive conditions. Hypertension Research, 43(4), 281\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-019-0374-8","journal-title":"Hypertension Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2001.00650.x","volume":"13","author":"N Sunn","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sunn, N., McKinley, M. J., & Oldfield, B. J. (2001). Identification of efferent neural pathways from the lamina terminalis activated by blood-borne relaxin. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 13(5), 432\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2001.00650.x","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"4688","key":"8706_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3881822","volume":"227","author":"L Tamarkin","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tamarkin, L., Baird, C. J., & Almeida, O. F. (1985). Melatonin: A coordinating signal for mammalian reproduction? Science, 227(4688), 714\u2013720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.3881822","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"8706_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30216-3","volume":"8","author":"T Tan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tan, T., Khoo, B., Mills, E. G., Phylactou, M., Patel, B., Eng, P. C., et al. (2020). Association between high serum total cortisol concentrations and mortality from COVID-19. The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, 8(8), 659\u2013660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30216-3","journal-title":"The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8706_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19990405)406:2<171::AID-CNE3>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"406","author":"R Teclemariam-Mesbah","year":"1999","unstructured":"Teclemariam-Mesbah, R., Ter Horst, G. J., Postema, F., Wortel, J., & Buijs, R. M. (1999). Anatomical demonstration of the suprachiasmatic nucleus-pineal pathway. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 406(2), 171\u2013182.","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1152\/advan.00114.2010","volume":"35","author":"GD Thomas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thomas, G. D. (2011). Neural control of the circulation. Advances in Physiology Education, 35(1), 28\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/advan.00114.2010","journal-title":"Advances in Physiology Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"8706_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.202110232","volume":"17","author":"S Triana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Triana, S., Metz-Zumaran, C., Ramirez, C., Kee, C., Doldan, P., Shahraz, M., et al. (2021). Single-cell analyses reveal SARS-CoV-2 interference with intrinsic immune response in the human gut. Molecular Systems Biology, 17(4), e10232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15252\/msb.202110232","journal-title":"Molecular Systems Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"8706_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab107","volume":"106","author":"P Tzoulis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tzoulis, P., Waung, J. A., Bagkeris, E., Hussein, Z., Biddanda, A., Cousins, J., et al. (2021). Dysnatremia is a predictor for morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 106(6), 1637\u20131648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab107","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"8706_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902190307","volume":"219","author":"D van der Kooy","year":"1983","unstructured":"van der Kooy, D., & Koda, L. Y. (1983). Organization of the projections of a circumventricular organ: The area postrema in the rat. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 219(3), 328\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.902190307","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"8706_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20244","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15666","volume":"8","author":"K Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, K., Xu, Y., Yang, W., & Zhang, Y. (2017). Insufficient hypothalamic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is associated with hypertension in SHR rats. Oncotarget, 8(12), 20244\u201320251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.15666","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"8706_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.12.026","volume":"105","author":"L Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, L., de Kloet, A. D., Pati, D., Hiller, H., Smith, J. A., Pioquinto, D. J., et al. (2016). Increasing brain angiotensin converting enzyme 2 activity decreases anxiety-like behavior in male mice by activating central Mas receptors. Neuropharmacology, 105, 114\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.12.026","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"8706_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.01.025","volume":"133","author":"LA Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, L. A., de Kloet, A. D., Smeltzer, M. D., Cahill, K. M., Hiller, H., Bruce, E. B., et al. (2018). Coupling corticotropin-releasing-hormone and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 dampens stress responsiveness in male mice. Neuropharmacology, 133, 85\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.01.025","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8706_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R370","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00366.2014","volume":"308","author":"H Xia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xia, H., de Queiroz, T. M., Sriramula, S., Feng, Y., Johnson, T., Mungrue, I. N., et al. (2015). Brain ACE2 overexpression reduces DOCA-salt hypertension independently of endoplasmic reticulum stress. American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 308(5), R370-378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00366.2014","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"8706_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301811","volume":"113","author":"H Xia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xia, H., Sriramula, S., Chhabra, K. H., & Lazartigues, E. (2013). Brain angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 shedding contributes to the development of neurogenic hypertension. Circulation Research, 113(9), 1087\u20131096. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301811","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"8706_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.119.12832","volume":"73","author":"J Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, J., Molinas, A. J. R., Mukerjee, S., Morgan, D. A., Rahmouni, K., Zsombok, A., et al. (2019). Activation of ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17) on glutamatergic neurons selectively promotes sympathoexcitation. Hypertension, 73(6), 1266\u20131274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.119.12832","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"6","key":"8706_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E882","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00178.2020","volume":"318","author":"Z Yousaf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yousaf, Z., Al-Shokri, S. D., Al-Soub, H., & Mohamed, M. F. H. (2020). COVID-19-associated SIADH: A clue in the times of pandemic! American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 318(6), E882\u2013E885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00178.2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"6","key":"8706_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H2402","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00330.2011","volume":"301","author":"H Zheng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zheng, H., Liu, X., & Patel, K. P. (2011). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 overexpression improves central nitric oxide-mediated sympathetic outflow in chronic heart failure. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 301(6), H2402-2412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00330.2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8706_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00850-3","volume":"13","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Xu, J., Hou, Y., Leverenz, J. B., Kallianpur, A., Mehra, R., et al. (2021). Network medicine links SARS-CoV-2\/COVID-19 infection to brain microvascular injury and neuroinflammation in dementia-like cognitive impairment. Alzheimer\u2019s Research & Therapy, 13(1), 110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13195-021-00850-3","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"10","key":"8706_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20130294","volume":"126","author":"IH Zucker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zucker, I. H., Xiao, L., & Haack, K. K. (2014). The central renin-angiotensin system and sympathetic nerve activity in chronic heart failure. Clinical Science (London, England), 126(10), 695\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/CS20130294","journal-title":"Clinical Science (London, England)"}],"container-title":["NeuroMolecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12017-022-08706-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12017-022-08706-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12017-022-08706-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T17:48:16Z","timestamp":1669312096000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12017-022-08706-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12017-022-08706-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-1084","1559-1174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-1084","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-1174","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}