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A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to synthesize data from studies examining the relationship between blood levels of inflammatory markers and cognitive function in adults with Alzheimer\u2019s disease or mild cognitive impairment. The search strategy was applied to the Medline database through MEDLINE (OVID), WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, LILACS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Studies were selected based on predefined criteria. We included 84 studies in the qualitative synthesis, with 75 incorporated into the meta-analysis. In blood samples, subjects with Alzheimer\u2019s disease showed significantly higher concentrations of IL-1\u03b2 (mean difference 0.46 [95% CI: 0.35, 0.58]), IL-6 (3.41 [3.05, 3.78]), MCP-1 (26.20 [14.57, 37.82]), and TNF-\u03b1 (6.68 [5.97, 7.39]), along with lower concentrations of IL-8 (\u2212\u00a01.46 [\u2212\u00a01.85, \u2212\u00a01.08]) and IL-10 (\u2212\u00a03.20 [\u2212\u00a04.21, \u2212\u00a02.20]). This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate significant alterations in inflammatory marker concentrations in blood samples of individuals with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment. Elevated levels of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-\u03b1, alongside reduced IL-8 and IL-10 levels, suggest a robust inflammatory response associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-025-08866-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T14:04:43Z","timestamp":1753452283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Inflammatory Markers and their Relationship with Cognitive Function in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Maria Fernanda","family":"Serna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mildrey","family":"Mosquera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herney Andr\u00e9s","family":"Garc\u00eda-Perdomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"8866_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116829","volume":"414","author":"K Abe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abe, K., Chiba, Y., Hattori, S., Tamazawa, A., Yoshimi, A., Katsuse, O., & Suda, A. (2020). Influence of plasma cytokine levels on the conversion risk from MCI to dementia in the Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative database. 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