{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T11:35:29Z","timestamp":1771673729598,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,27]],"date-time":"2012-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocrine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-012-9817-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,26]],"date-time":"2012-10-26T08:23:57Z","timestamp":1351239837000},"page":"529-534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Luigi F.","family":"Meneghini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1210\/10.1210\/er.2006-0038","volume":"28","author":"BL Wajchenberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"B.L. Wajchenberg, Beta-cell failure in diabetes and preservation by clinical treatment. Endocr. Rev. 28(2), 187\u2013218 (2007)","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-9025","volume":"32","author":"DM Nathan","year":"2009","unstructured":"D.M. Nathan, J.B. Buse, M.B. Davidson, E. Ferrannini, R.R. Holman, R. Sherwin, B. Zinman, Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care 32(1), 193\u2013203 (2009)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"18","key":"9817_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905479","volume":"361","author":"RR Holman","year":"2009","unstructured":"R.R. Holman, A.J. Farmer, M.J. Davies, J.C. Levy, J.L. Darbyshire, J.F. Keenan, S.K. Paul, Three-year efficacy of complex insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 361(18), 1736\u20131747 (2009)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"9817_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.10.008","volume":"53","author":"JS Skyler","year":"2009","unstructured":"J.S. Skyler, R. Bergenstal, R.O. Bonow, J. Buse, P. Deedwania, E.A. Gale, B.V. Howard, M.S. Kirkman, M. Kosiborod, P. Reaven, R.S. Sherwin, Intensive glycemic control and the prevention of cardiovascular events: implications of the ACCORD, ADVANCE, and VA Diabetes Trials: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and a Scientific Statement of the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 53(3), 298\u2013304 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra040832","volume":"352","author":"IB Hirsch","year":"2005","unstructured":"I.B. Hirsch, Insulin analogues. N. Engl. J. Med. 352(2), 174\u2013183 (2005)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9817_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(07)80004-1","volume":"36","author":"P Kurtzhals","year":"2007","unstructured":"P. Kurtzhals, Pharmacology of insulin detemir. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 36(Suppl 1), 14\u201320 (2007)","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9817_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.13.S1.1","volume":"13","author":"HW Rodbard","year":"2007","unstructured":"H.W. Rodbard, L. Blonde, S.S. Braithwaite, E.M. Brett, R.H. Cobin, Y. Handelsman, R. Hellman, P.S. Jellinger, L.G. Jovanovic, P. Levy, J.I. Mechanick, F. Zangeneh, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the management of diabetes mellitus. Endocr. Pract. 13(Suppl 1), 1\u201368 (2007)","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9817_CR8","first-page":"S11","volume":"35","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2012","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association, Standards of medical care in diabetes\u20132012. Diabetes Care 35(Suppl 1), S11\u2013S63 (2012)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"9817_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3080","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.11.3080","volume":"26","author":"MC Riddle","year":"2003","unstructured":"M.C. Riddle, J. Rosenstock, J. Gerich, The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 26(11), 3080\u20133086 (2003)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"9817_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0911-x","volume":"51","author":"J Rosenstock","year":"2008","unstructured":"J. Rosenstock, M. Davies, P.D. Home, J. Larsen, C. Koenen, G. Schernthaner, A randomised, 52-week, treat-to-target trial comparing insulin detemir with insulin glargine when administered as add-on to glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 51(3), 408\u2013416 (2008)","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"9817_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S3293","volume":"2","author":"A Philis-Tsimikas","year":"2008","unstructured":"A. Philis-Tsimikas, Tolerability, safety and adherence to treatment with insulin detemir injection in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Patient Prefer. Adherence 2, 323\u2013332 (2008)","journal-title":"Patient Prefer. Adherence"},{"issue":"12","key":"9817_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.12.2142","volume":"49","author":"M Lepore","year":"2000","unstructured":"M. Lepore, S. Pampanelli, C. Fanelli, F. Porcellati, L. Bartocci, A. Di Vincenzo, C. Cordoni, E. Costa, P. Brunetti, G.B. Bolli, Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro. Diabetes 49(12), 2142\u20132148 (2000)","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"9817_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.6.1614","volume":"53","author":"T Heise","year":"2004","unstructured":"T. Heise, L. Nosek, B.B. Ronn, L. Endahl, L. Heinemann, C. Kapitza, E. Draeger, Lower within-subject variability of insulin detemir in comparison to NPH insulin and insulin glargine in people with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 53, 1614\u20131620 (2004)","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"10","key":"9817_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0002","volume":"30","author":"F Porcellati","year":"2007","unstructured":"F. Porcellati, P. Rossetti, N.R. Busciantella, S. Marzotti, P. Lucidi, S. Luzio, D.R. Owens, G.B. Bolli, C.G. Fanelli, Comparison of pharmacokinetics and dynamics of the long-acting insulin analogs glargine and detemir at steady state in type 1 diabetes: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study. Diabetes Care 30(10), 2447\u20132452 (2007)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"9817_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2006.00685.x","volume":"9","author":"O Klein","year":"2007","unstructured":"O. Klein, J. Lynge, L. Endahl, B. Damholt, L. Nosek, T. Heise, Albumin-bound basal insulin analogues (insulin detemir and NN344): comparable time-action profiles but less variability than insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 9(3), 290\u2013299 (2007)","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"9817_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Horvath, K. Jeitler, A. Berghold, S.H. Ebrahim, T.W. Gratzer, J. Plank, T. Kaiser, T.R. Pieber, A. Siebenhofer, Long-acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2, CD005613 (2007)","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005613.pub3"},{"key":"9817_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.G. Swinnen, A.C. Simon, F. Holleman, J.B. Hoekstra, J.H. Devries, Insulin detemir versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 7, CD006383 (2011)","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006383.pub2"},{"issue":"12","key":"9817_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.12.1337","volume":"165","author":"J Plank","year":"2005","unstructured":"J. Plank, A. Siebenhofer, A. Berghold, K. Jeitler, K. Horvath, P. Mrak, T.R. Pieber, Systematic review and meta-analysis of short-acting insulin analogues in patients with diabetes mellitus. Arch. Intern. Med. 165(12), 1337\u20131344 (2005)","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"9817_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2012.01580.x","volume":"14","author":"PD Home","year":"2012","unstructured":"P.D. Home, The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rapid-acting insulin analogues and their clinical consequences. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 14(9), 780\u2013788 (2012)","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"9817_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2004.01132.x","volume":"21","author":"G Schernthaner","year":"2004","unstructured":"G. Schernthaner, W. Wein, N. Shnawa, P.C. Bates, M.A. Birkett, Preprandial vs. postprandial insulin lispro-a comparative crossover trial in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Diabet. Med. 21(3), 279\u2013284 (2004)","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.11.1.11","volume":"11","author":"SK Garg","year":"2005","unstructured":"S.K. Garg, J. Rosenstock, K. Ways, Optimized Basal-bolus insulin regimens in type 1 diabetes: insulin glulisine versus regular human insulin in combination with basal insulin glargine. Endocr. Pract. 11(1), 11\u201317 (2005)","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"8","key":"9817_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.8.2359","volume":"26","author":"T Danne","year":"2003","unstructured":"T. Danne, J. Aman, E. Schober, D. Deiss, J.L. Jacobsen, H.H. Friberg, L.H. Jensen, A comparison of postprandial and preprandial administration of insulin aspart in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 26(8), 2359\u20132364 (2003)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"9817_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1126","volume":"33","author":"M Gagnon-Auger","year":"2010","unstructured":"M. Gagnon-Auger, P. du Souich, J.P. Baillargeon, E. Martin, P. Brassard, J. Menard, J.L. Ardilouze, Dose-dependent delay of the hypoglycemic effect of short-acting insulin analogs in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes: a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study. Diabetes Care 33(12), 2502\u20132507 (2010)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"9817_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.17.S2.1","volume":"17","author":"Y Handelsman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Y. Handelsman, J.I. Mechanick, L. Blonde, G. Grunberger, Z.T. Bloomgarden, G.A. Bray, S. Dagogo-Jack, J.A. Davidson, D. Einhorn, O. Ganda, A.J. Garber, I.B. Hirsch, E.S. Horton, F. Ismail-Beigi, P.S. Jellinger, K.L. Jones, L. Jovanovic, H. Lebovitz, P. Levy, E.S. Moghissi, E.A. Orzeck, A.I. Vinik, K.L. Wyne, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan. Endocr. Pract. 17(Suppl 2), 1\u201353 (2011)","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"9817_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0413","volume":"35","author":"SE Inzucchi","year":"2012","unstructured":"S.E. Inzucchi, R.M. Bergenstal, J.B. Buse, M. Diamant, E. Ferrannini, M. Nauck, A.L. Peters, A. Tsapas, R. Wender, D.R. Matthews, Management of hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Diabetes Care 35(6), 1364\u20131379 (2012)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"17","key":"9817_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa075392","volume":"357","author":"RR Holman","year":"2007","unstructured":"R.R. Holman, K.I. Thorne, A.J. Farmer, M.J. Davies, J.F. Keenan, S. Paul, J.C. Levy, Addition of biphasic, prandial, or basal insulin to oral therapy in type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 357(17), 1716\u20131730 (2007)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"9817_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.10.020","volume":"28","author":"A Philis-Tsimikas","year":"2006","unstructured":"A. Philis-Tsimikas, G. Charpentier, P. Clauson, G.M. Ravn, V.L. Roberts, B. Thorsteinsson, Comparison of once-daily insulin detemir with NPH insulin added to a regimen of oral antidiabetic drugs in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Clin. Ther. 28(10), 1569\u20131581 (2006)","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"9817_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.6.1282","volume":"28","author":"M Davies","year":"2005","unstructured":"M. Davies, F. Storms, S. Shutler, M. Bianchi-Biscay, R. Gomis, Improvement of glycemic control in subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: comparison of two treatment algorithms using insulin glargine. Diabetes Care 28(6), 1282\u20131288 (2005)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"9817_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2009.01060.x","volume":"11","author":"L Blonde","year":"2009","unstructured":"L. Blonde, M. Merilainen, V. Karwe, P. Raskin, Patient-directed titration for achieving glycaemic goals using a once-daily basal insulin analogue: an assessment of two different fasting plasma glucose targets\u2014the TITRATE study. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 11(6), 623\u2013631 (2009)","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"9817_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2007.00804.x","volume":"9","author":"L Meneghini","year":"2007","unstructured":"L. Meneghini, C. Koenen, W. Weng, J.L. Selam, The usage of a simplified self-titration dosing guideline (303 Algorithm) for insulin detemir in patients with type 2 diabetes\u2013results of the randomized, controlled PREDICTIVE 303 study. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 9(6), 902\u2013913 (2007)","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"9817_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-12-200306170-00006","volume":"138","author":"A Fritsche","year":"2003","unstructured":"A. Fritsche, M.A. Schweitzer, H.U. Haring, Glimepiride combined with morning insulin glargine, bedtime neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin, or bedtime insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 138(12), 952\u2013959 (2003)","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2005.12.009","volume":"73","author":"H Yokoyama","year":"2006","unstructured":"H. Yokoyama, J. Tada, F. Kamikawa, S. Kanno, Y. Yokota, M. Kuramitsu, Efficacy of conversion from bedtime NPH insulin to morning insulin glargine in type 2 diabetic patients on basal-prandial insulin therapy. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 73(1), 35\u201340 (2006)","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01043.x","volume":"55","author":"HU Janka","year":"2007","unstructured":"H.U. Janka, G. Plewe, K. Busch, Combination of oral antidiabetic agents with basal insulin versus premixed insulin alone in randomized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 55(2), 182\u2013188 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.2.254","volume":"28","author":"HU Janka","year":"2005","unstructured":"H.U. Janka, G. Plewe, M.C. Riddle, C. Kliebe-Frisch, M.A. Schweitzer, H. Yki-Jarvinen, Comparison of basal insulin added to oral agents versus twice-daily premixed insulin as initial insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 28(2), 254\u2013259 (2005)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"9817_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2012.665046","volume":"28","author":"AH Barnett","year":"2012","unstructured":"A.H. Barnett, B. Charbonnel, M. Donovan, D. Fleming, R. Chen, Effect of saxagliptin as add-on therapy in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes on insulin alone or insulin combined with metformin. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 28(4), 513\u2013523 (2012)","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2009.01173.x","volume":"12","author":"T Vilsboll","year":"2010","unstructured":"T. Vilsboll, J. Rosenstock, H. Yki-Jarvinen, W.T. Cefalu, Y. Chen, E. Luo, B. Musser, P.J. Andryuk, Y. Ling, K.D. Kaufman, J.M. Amatruda, S.S. Engel, L. Katz, Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin when added to insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 12(2), 167\u2013177 (2010)","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"9","key":"9817_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0395","volume":"32","author":"M Riddle","year":"2009","unstructured":"M. Riddle, R. Pencek, S. Charenkavanich, K. Lutz, K. Wilhelm, L. Porter, Randomized comparison of pramlintide or mealtime insulin added to basal insulin treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 32(9), 1577\u20131582 (2009)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4158\/EP11097.OR","volume":"18","author":"PA Levin","year":"2012","unstructured":"P.A. Levin, J.H. Mersey, S. Zhou, L.A. Bromberger, Clinical outcomes using long-term combination therapy with insulin glargine and exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocr. Pract. 18(1), 17\u201325 (2012)","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-154-2-201101180-00300","volume":"154","author":"JB Buse","year":"2011","unstructured":"J.B. Buse, R.M. Bergenstal, L.C. Glass, C.R. Heilmann, M.S. Lewis, A.Y. Kwan, B.J. Hoogwerf, J. Rosenstock, Use of twice-daily exenatide in basal insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 154(2), 103\u2013112 (2011)","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.2.260","volume":"28","author":"P Raskin","year":"2005","unstructured":"P. Raskin, E. Allen, P. Hollander, A. Lewin, R.A. Gabbay, P. Hu, B. Bode, A. Garber, Initiating insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of biphasic and basal insulin analogs. Diabetes Care 28(2), 260\u2013265 (2005)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1122","volume":"31","author":"J Rosenstock","year":"2008","unstructured":"J. Rosenstock, A.J. Ahmann, G. Colon, J. Scism-Bacon, H. Jiang, S. Martin, Advancing insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes previously treated with glargine plus oral agents: prandial premixed (insulin lispro protamine suspension\/lispro) versus basal\/bolus (glargine\/lispro) therapy. Diabetes Care 31(1), 20\u201325 (2008)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00915.x","volume":"11","author":"A Liebl","year":"2009","unstructured":"A. Liebl, R. Prager, K. Binz, M. Kaiser, R. Bergenstal, B. Gallwitz, Comparison of insulin analogue regimens in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the PREFER study: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 11(1), 45\u201352 (2009)","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"9817_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.4158\/EP10367.OR","volume":"17","author":"L Meneghini","year":"2011","unstructured":"L. Meneghini, H. Mersebach, S. Kumar, A.L. Svendsen, K. Hermansen, Comparison of 2 intensification regimens with rapid-acting insulin aspart in type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled by once-daily insulin detemir and oral antidiabetes drugs: the step-wise randomized study. Endocr. Pract. 17(5), 727\u2013736 (2011)","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"12","key":"9817_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00967.x","volume":"10","author":"MR Lankisch","year":"2008","unstructured":"M.R. Lankisch, K.C. Ferlinz, J.L. Leahy, W.A. Scherbaum, Introducing a simplified approach to insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of two single-dose regimens of insulin glulisine plus insulin glargine and oral antidiabetic drugs. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 10(12), 1178\u20131185 (2008)","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"9817_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.4158\/EP10323.OR","volume":"17","author":"MB Davidson","year":"2011","unstructured":"M.B. Davidson, P. Raskin, R.J. Tanenberg, A. Vlajnic, P. Hollander, A stepwise approach to insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes failing basal insulin treatment. Endocr. Pract. 17(3), 395\u2013405 (2011)","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.2337\/diaclin.23.2.78","volume":"23","author":"IB Hirsch","year":"2005","unstructured":"I.B. Hirsch, R.M. Bergenstal, C.G. Parkin, E. Wright, J.B. Buse, A real-world approach to insulin therapy in primary care practice. Clin. Diabetes 23(2), 78\u201386 (2005)","journal-title":"Clin. Diabetes"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"9817_CR47","first-page":"A199","volume":"59","author":"LF Meneghini","year":"2010","unstructured":"L.F. Meneghini, K. Hermansen, H. Mersebach, A.L. Svendsen, S. Kumar, Treatment in-tensification by stepwise addition of prandial insulin aspart to once-daily basal insulin detemir in subjects with type 2 diabetes: the STEPwise\u2122 trial. Diabetes 59(Supplement 1), A199 (2010)","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"9817_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-2137","volume":"31","author":"RM Bergenstal","year":"2008","unstructured":"R.M. Bergenstal, M. Johnson, M.A. Powers, A. Wynne, A. Vlajnic, P. Hollander, M. Rendell, Adjust to target in type 2 diabetes: comparison of a simple algorithm with carbohydrate counting for adjustment of mealtime insulin glulisine. Diabetes Care 31(7), 1305\u20131310 (2008)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"9817_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2496","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0721","volume":"34","author":"A Pena de la","year":"2011","unstructured":"A. de la Pena, M. Riddle, L.A. Morrow, H.H. Jiang, H. Linnebjerg, A. Scott, K.M. Win, M. Hompesch, K.F. Mace, J.G. Jacobson, J.A. Jackson, Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of high-dose human regular U-500 insulin versus human regular U-100 insulin in healthy obese subjects. Diabetes Care 34(12), 2496\u20132501 (2011)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"9817_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.31.7.695","volume":"31","author":"SL Quinn","year":"2011","unstructured":"S.L. Quinn, M.C. Lansang, D. Mina, Safety and effectiveness of U-500 insulin therapy in patients with insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pharmacotherapy 31(7), 695\u2013702 (2011)","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"9817_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1148","volume":"29","author":"WS Wafa","year":"2006","unstructured":"W.S. Wafa, M.I. Khan, Use of U-500 regular insulin in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29(9), 2175\u20132176 (2006)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"9817_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2504","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1478","volume":"29","author":"P Ballani","year":"2006","unstructured":"P. Ballani, M.T. Tran, M.D. Navar, M.B. Davidson, Clinical experience with U-500 regular insulin in obese, markedly insulin-resistant type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 29(11), 2504\u20132505 (2006)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"9817_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.11.5.305","volume":"11","author":"JM Neal","year":"2005","unstructured":"J.M. Neal, Analysis of effectiveness of human U-500 insulin in patients unresponsive to conventional insulin therapy. Endocr. Pract. 11(5), 305\u2013307 (2005)","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"9817_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0599-y","volume":"50","author":"UK Hypoglycemia Study Group","year":"2007","unstructured":"UK Hypoglycemia Study Group, Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration. Diabetologia 50(6), 1140\u20131147 (2007)","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"24","key":"9817_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802743","volume":"358","author":"HC Gerstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"H.C. Gerstein, M.E. Miller, R.P. Byington, D.C. Goff Jr, J.T. Bigger, J.B. Buse, W.C. Cushman, S. Genuth, F. Ismail-Beigi, R.H. Grimm Jr, J.L. Probstfield, D.G. Simons-Morton, W.T. Friedewald, Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 358(24), 2545\u20132559 (2008)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"9817_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808431","volume":"360","author":"W Duckworth","year":"2009","unstructured":"W. Duckworth, C. Abraira, T. Moritz, D. Reda, N. Emanuele, P.D. Reaven, F.J. Zieve, J. Marks, S.N. Davis, R. Hayward, S.R. Warren, S. Goldman, M. McCarren, M.E. Vitek, W.G. Henderson, G.D. Huang, Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 360(2), 129\u2013139 (2009)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"9817_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1278","volume":"33","author":"MC Riddle","year":"2010","unstructured":"M.C. Riddle, W.T. Ambrosius, D.J. Brillon, J.B. Buse, R.P. Byington, R.M. Cohen, D.C. Goff Jr, S. Malozowski, K.L. Margolis, J.L. Probstfield, A. Schnall, E.R. Seaquist, Epidemiologic relationships between A1C and all-cause mortality during a median 3.4-year follow-up of glycemic treatment in the ACCORD trial. Diabetes Care 33(5), 983\u2013990 (2010)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"9817_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b5444","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5444","volume":"340","author":"ME Miller","year":"2010","unstructured":"M.E. Miller, D.E. Bonds, H.C. Gerstein, E.R. Seaquist, R.M. Bergenstal, J. Calles-Escandon, R.D. Childress, T.E. Craven, R.M. Cuddihy, G. Dailey, M.N. Feinglos, F. Ismail-Beigi, J.F. Largay, P.J. O\u2019Connor, T. Paul, P.J. Savage, U.K. Schubart, A. Sood, S. Genuth, The effects of baseline characteristics, glycaemia treatment approach, and glycated haemoglobin concentration on the risk of severe hypoglycaemia: post hoc epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ 340, b5444 (2010)","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-9026","volume":"32","author":"JS Skyler","year":"2009","unstructured":"J.S. Skyler, R. Bergenstal, R.O. Bonow, J. Buse, P. Deedwania, E.A. Gale, B.V. Howard, M.S. Kirkman, M. Kosiborod, P. Reaven, R.S. Sherwin, Intensive glycemic control and the prevention of cardiovascular events: implications of the ACCORD, ADVANCE, and VA diabetes trials: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and a scientific statement of the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association. Diabetes Care 32(1), 187\u2013192 (2009)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"9817_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2404-1","volume":"55","author":"S Zoungas","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. Zoungas, J. Chalmers, T. Ninomiya, Q. Li, M.E. Cooper, S. Colagiuri, G. Fulcher, B.E. de Galan, S. Harrap, P. Hamet, S. Heller, S. Macmahon, M. Marre, N. Poulter, F. Travert, A. Patel, B. Neal, M. Woodward, Association of HbA1c levels with vascular complications and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: evidence of glycaemic thresholds. Diabetologia 55(3), 636\u2013643 (2012)","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"9817_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1586\/eem.11.86","volume":"7","author":"LF Meneghini","year":"2012","unstructured":"L.F. Meneghini, B. Miranda-Palma, Insulin degludec: a novel ultra-long-acting basal insulin for use in Type 1 and 2 diabetes. Expert Rev. Endocr. Metab. 7(1), 9\u201314 (2012)","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Endocr. Metab."}],"container-title":["Endocrine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-012-9817-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12020-012-9817-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-012-9817-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T19:18:17Z","timestamp":1714504697000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12020-012-9817-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,27]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["9817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-012-9817-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-008X","1559-0100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-008X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,27]]}}}