{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:49:34Z","timestamp":1789850974215,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]],"date-time":"2016-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479859200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IG 14066\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG 14066\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocrine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-1183-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]],"date-time":"2016-11-23T00:04:57Z","timestamp":1479859497000},"page":"115-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Growth hormone deficiency and hypopituitarism in adults after complicated mild traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Stefania","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serafina","family":"Talarico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Beniamino","family":"Nicoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Ceccotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6181-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino","family":"Belfiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"1183_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.05.017","volume":"91","author":"DK Menon","year":"2010","unstructured":"D.K. Menon, K. Schwab, D.W. Wright, A.I. Maas; Demographics, Clinical Assessment Working Group of the, I., Interagency Initiative toward Common Data Elements for Research on Traumatic Brain, I., Psychological, H., : Position statement: definition of traumatic brain injury. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 91(11), 1637\u20131640 (2010). doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.05.017","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"7872","key":"1183_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91639-0","volume":"2","author":"G Teasdale","year":"1974","unstructured":"G. Teasdale, B. Jennett, Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet. 2(7872), 81\u201384 (1974)","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"2","key":"1183_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181ccc8b4","volume":"25","author":"JD Corrigan","year":"2010","unstructured":"J.D. Corrigan, A.W. Selassie, J.A. Orman, The epidemiology of traumatic brain injury. J. Head Trauma Rehabil. 25(2), 72\u201380 (2010). doi:\n                        10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181ccc8b4","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"issue":"11","key":"1183_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345308","volume":"27","author":"V Popovic","year":"2004","unstructured":"V. Popovic, S. Pekic, D. Pavlovic, N. Maric, M. Jasovic-Gasic, B. Djurovic, M. Medic Stojanoska, V. Zivkovic, M. Stojanovic, M. Doknic, N. Milic, M. Djurovic, C. Dieguez, F.F. Casanueva, Hypopituitarism as a consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its possible relation with cognitive disabilities and mental distress. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 27(11), 1048\u20131054 (2004)","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest."},{"issue":"4","key":"1183_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.4.6506","volume":"85","author":"S Benvenga","year":"2000","unstructured":"S. Benvenga, A. Campenni, R.M. Ruggeri, F. Trimarchi, Clinical review 113: Hypopituitarism secondary to head trauma. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85(4), 1353\u20131361 (2000). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jcem.85.4.6506","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"11","key":"1183_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6085","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0504","volume":"90","author":"G Aimaretti","year":"2005","unstructured":"G. Aimaretti, M.R. Ambrosio, C. Di Somma, M. Gasperi, S. Cannavo, C. Scaroni, A. Fusco, P. Del Monte, E. De Menis, M. Faustini-Fustini, F. Grimaldi, F. Logoluso, P. Razzore, S. Rovere, S. Benvenga, E.C. Degli Uberti, L. De Marinis, G. Lombardi, F. Mantero, E. Martino, G. Giordano, E. Ghigo, Residual pituitary function after brain injury-induced hypopituitarism: a prospective 12-month study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90(11), 6085\u20136092 (2005). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jc.2005-0504","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"1183_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02071","volume":"154","author":"HJ Schneider","year":"2006","unstructured":"H.J. Schneider, M. Schneider, B. Saller, S. Petersenn, M. Uhr, B. Husemann, F. von Rosen, G.K. Stalla, Prevalence of anterior pituitary insufficiency 3 and 12 months after traumatic brain injury. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 154(2), 259\u2013265 (2006). doi:\n                        10.1530\/eje.1.02071","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"1183_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03070.x","volume":"68","author":"F Tanriverdi","year":"2008","unstructured":"F. Tanriverdi, H. Ulutabanca, K. Unluhizarci, A. Selcuklu, F.F. Casanueva, F. Kelestimur, Three years prospective investigation of anterior pituitary function after traumatic brain injury: a pilot study. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf). 68(4), 573\u2013579 (2008). doi:\n                        10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03070.x","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)."},{"issue":"12","key":"1183_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.02.042","volume":"118","author":"A Agha","year":"2005","unstructured":"A. Agha, J. Phillips, P. O\u2019Kelly, W. Tormey, C.J. Thompson, The natural history of post-traumatic hypopituitarism: implications for assessment and treatment. Am. J. Med. 118(12), 1416 (2005). doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.02.042","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"1183_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.10.JNS09930","volume":"113","author":"D Krahulik","year":"2010","unstructured":"D. Krahulik, J. Zapletalova, Z. Frysak, M. Vaverka, Dysfunction of hypothalamic-hypophysial axis after traumatic brain injury in adults. J. Neurosurg. 113(3), 581\u2013584 (2010). doi:\n                        10.3171\/2009.10.JNS09930","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"6","key":"1183_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1089\/0897715041269713","volume":"21","author":"M Bondanelli","year":"2004","unstructured":"M. Bondanelli, L. De Marinis, M.R. Ambrosio, M. Monesi, D. Valle, M.C. Zatelli, A. Fusco, A. Bianchi, M. Farneti, E.C. degli Uberti, Occurrence of pituitary dysfunction following traumatic brain injury. J. Neurotrauma 21(6), 685\u2013696 (2004). doi:\n                        10.1089\/0897715041269713","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"1183_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2476","volume":"91","author":"F Tanriverdi","year":"2006","unstructured":"F. Tanriverdi, H. Senyurek, K. Unluhizarci, A. Selcuklu, F.F. Casanueva, F. Kelestimur, High risk of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury: a prospective investigation of anterior pituitary function in the acute phase and 12 months after trauma. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91(6), 2105\u20132111 (2006). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jc.2005-2476","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"1183_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02860.x","volume":"67","author":"M Klose","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. Klose, A. Juul, L. Poulsgaard, M. Kosteljanetz, J. Brennum, U. Feldt-Rasmussen, Prevalence and predictive factors of post-traumatic hypopituitarism. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf). 67(2), 193\u2013201 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02860.x","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"1183_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-006-6051-3","volume":"8","author":"F Kelestimur","year":"2005","unstructured":"F. Kelestimur, Chronic trauma in sports as a cause of hypopituitarism. Pituitary. 8(3-4), 259\u2013262 (2005). doi:\n                        10.1007\/s11102-006-6051-3","journal-title":"Pituitary."},{"issue":"4","key":"1183_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.33","volume":"9","author":"BD Jordan","year":"2013","unstructured":"B.D. Jordan, The clinical spectrum of sport-related traumatic brain injury. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 9(4), 222\u2013230 (2013). doi:\n                        10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.33","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"1183_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"RC28","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345299","volume":"27","author":"F Kelestimur","year":"2004","unstructured":"F. Kelestimur, F. Tanriverdi, H. Atmaca, K. Unluhizarci, A. Selcuklu, F.F. Casanueva, Boxing as a sport activity associated with isolated GH deficiency. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 27(11), RC28\u201332 (2004). doi:\n                        10.1007\/BF03345299","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest."},{"issue":"12","key":"1183_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.12.1429","volume":"298","author":"HJ Schneider","year":"2007","unstructured":"H.J. Schneider, I. Kreitschmann-Andermahr, E. Ghigo, G.K. Stalla, A. Agha, Hypothalamopituitary dysfunction following traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review. JAMA. 298(12), 1429\u20131438 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1001\/jama.298.12.1429","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"3","key":"1183_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2014-1065","volume":"36","author":"F Tanriverdi","year":"2015","unstructured":"F. Tanriverdi, H.J. Schneider, G. Aimaretti, B.E. Masel, F.F. Casanueva, F. Kelestimur, Pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury: a clinical and pathophysiological approach. Endocr. Rev. 36(3), 305\u2013342 (2015). doi:\n                        10.1210\/er.2014-1065","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"1183_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-009-0215-x","volume":"13","author":"F Tanriverdi","year":"2010","unstructured":"F. Tanriverdi, K. Unluhizarci, F. Kelestimur, Pituitary function in subjects with mild traumatic brain injury: a review of literature and proposal of a screening strategy. Pituitary. 13(2), 146\u2013153 (2010). doi:\n                        10.1007\/s11102-009-0215-x","journal-title":"Pituitary."},{"issue":"13","key":"1183_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.3212","volume":"31","author":"DF Kelly","year":"2014","unstructured":"D.F. Kelly, C. Chaloner, D. Evans, A. Mathews, P. Cohan, C. Wang, R. Swerdloff, M.S. Sim, J. Lee, M.J. Wright, C. Kernan, G. Barkhoudarian, K.C. Yuen, K. Guskiewicz, Prevalence of pituitary hormone dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, and impaired quality of life in retired professional football players: a prospective study. J. Neurotrauma 31(13), 1161\u20131171 (2014). doi:\n                        10.1089\/neu.2013.3212","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"10","key":"1183_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3861","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0901","volume":"92","author":"M Klose","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. Klose, T. Watt, J. Brennum, U. Feldt-Rasmussen, Posttraumatic hypopituitarism is associated with an unfavorable body composition and lipid profile, and decreased quality of life 12 months after injury. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92(10), 3861\u20133868 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jc.2007-0901","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"1183_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2013.04.001","volume":"23","author":"F Prodam","year":"2013","unstructured":"F. Prodam, V. Gasco, M. Caputo, M. Zavattaro, L. Pagano, P. Marzullo, S. Belcastro, A. Busti, C. Perino, S. Grottoli, E. Ghigo, G. Aimaretti, Metabolic alterations in patients who develop traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced hypopituitarism. Growth Horm. IGF Res. 23(4), 109\u2013113 (2013). doi:\n                        10.1016\/j.ghir.2013.04.001","journal-title":"Growth Horm. IGF Res."},{"issue":"16","key":"1183_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2752","volume":"30","author":"F Tanriverdi","year":"2013","unstructured":"F. Tanriverdi, A. De Bellis, H. Ulutabanca, A. Bizzarro, A.A. Sinisi, G. Bellastella, V. Amoresano Paglionico, L. Dalla Mora, A. Selcuklu, K. Unluhizarci, F.F. Casanueva, F. Kelestimur, A five year prospective investigation of anterior pituitary function after traumatic brain injury: is hypopituitarism long-term after head trauma associated with autoimmunity?. J. Neurotrauma 30(16), 1426\u20131433 (2013). doi:\n                        10.1089\/neu.2012.2752","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"1183_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-11-200806030-00005","volume":"148","author":"F Tanriverdi","year":"2008","unstructured":"F. Tanriverdi, K. Unluhizarci, I. Kocyigit, I.S. Tuna, Z. Karaca, A.C. Durak, A. Selcuklu, F.F. Casanueva, F. Kelestimur, Brief communication: pituitary volume and function in competing and retired male boxers. Ann. Intern. Med. 148(11), 827\u2013831 (2008)","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"1183_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1998.15.573","volume":"15","author":"JT Wilson","year":"1998","unstructured":"J.T. Wilson, L.E. Pettigrew, G.M. Teasdale, Structured interviews for the Glasgow outcome scale and the extended Glasgow outcome scale: guidelines for their use. J. Neurotrauma 15(8), 573\u2013585 (1998). doi:\n                        10.1089\/neu.1998.15.573","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"9935","key":"1183_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61684-0","volume":"383","author":"E Charmandari","year":"2014","unstructured":"E. Charmandari, N.C. Nicolaides, G.P. Chrousos, Adrenal insufficiency. Lancet. 383(9935), 2152\u20132167 (2014). doi:\n                        10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61684-0","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"5","key":"1183_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.5.8509","volume":"87","author":"BM Biller","year":"2002","unstructured":"B.M. Biller, M.H. Samuels, A. Zagar, D.M. Cook, B.M. Arafah, V. Bonert, S. Stavrou, D.L. Kleinberg, J.J. Chipman, M.L. Hartman, Sensitivity and specificity of six tests for the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87(5), 2067\u20132079 (2002). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jcem.87.5.8509","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"1183_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0631","volume":"157","author":"KK Ho","year":"2007","unstructured":"K.K. Ho, G.H.D.C.W. Participants, Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with GH deficiency II: a statement of the GH Research Society in association with the European society for pediatric endocrinology, Lawson Wilkins society, European society of Endocrinology, Japan Endocrine Society, and Endocrine society of Australia. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 157(6), 695\u2013700 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1530\/EJE-07-0631","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"6","key":"1183_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0384","volume":"157","author":"G Corneli","year":"2007","unstructured":"G. Corneli, C. Di Somma, F. Prodam, J. Bellone, S. Bellone, V. Gasco, R. Baldelli, S. Rovere, H.J. Schneider, L. Gargantini, R. Gastaldi, L. Ghizzoni, D. Valle, M. Salerno, A. Colao, G. Bona, E. Ghigo, M. Maghnie, G. Aimaretti, Cut-off limits of the GH response to GHRH plus arginine test and IGF-I levels for the diagnosis of GH deficiency in late adolescents and young adults. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 157(6), 701\u2013708 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1530\/EJE-07-0384","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"1183_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0601","volume":"162","author":"NE Kokshoorn","year":"2010","unstructured":"N.E. Kokshoorn, M.J. Wassenaar, N.R. Biermasz, F. Roelfsema, J.W. Smit, J.A. Romijn, A.M. Pereira, Hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury: prevalence is affected by the use of different dynamic tests and different normal values. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 162(1), 11\u201318 (2010). doi:\n                        10.1530\/EJE-09-0601","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"1183_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-006-6045-1","volume":"8","author":"G Giordano","year":"2005","unstructured":"G. Giordano, G. Aimaretti, E. Ghigo, Variations of pituitary function over time after brain injuries: the lesson from a prospective study. Pituitary. 8(3-4), 227\u2013231 (2005). doi:\n                        10.1007\/s11102-006-6045-1","journal-title":"Pituitary."},{"issue":"9122","key":"1183_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)85043-5","volume":"352","author":"SW Lamberts","year":"1998","unstructured":"S.W. Lamberts, W.W. de Herder, A.J. van der Lely, Pituitary insufficiency. Lancet. 352(9122), 127\u2013134 (1998)","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"1183_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730827","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/730827","volume":"2014","author":"MC Amato","year":"2014","unstructured":"M.C. Amato, C. Giordano, Visceral adiposity index: an indicator of adipose tissue dysfunction. Int. J. Endocrinol. 2014, 730827 (2014). doi:\n                        10.1155\/2014\/730827","journal-title":"Int. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"1183_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ15-0337","volume":"62","author":"L Giovannini","year":"2015","unstructured":"L. Giovannini, G. Tirabassi, G. Muscogiuri, C. Di Somma, A. Colao, G. Balercia, Impact of adult growth hormone deficiency on metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk [Review]. Endocr. J. 62(12), 1037\u20131048 (2015). doi:\n                        10.1507\/endocrj.EJ15-0337","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"1183_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0545","volume":"90","author":"M Gola","year":"2005","unstructured":"M. Gola, S. Bonadonna, M. Doga, A. Giustina, Clinical review: growth hormone and cardiovascular risk factors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90(3), 1864\u20131870 (2005). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jc.2004-0545","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"1183_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L.A. Kreber, G.S. Griesbach, M.J. Ashley, Detection of growth hormone deficiency in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury. J. Neurotrauma (2015). \n                        10.1089\/neu.2015.4127\n                        \n                    .","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4127"},{"issue":"6","key":"1183_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01884.x","volume":"59","author":"CA Lissett","year":"2003","unstructured":"C.A. Lissett, P. Jonsson, J.P. Monson, S.M. Shalet, K.I. Board, Determinants of IGF-I status in a large cohort of growth hormone-deficient (GHD) subjects: the role of timing of onset of GHD. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf). 59(6), 773\u2013778 (2003). doi:\n                        10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01884.x","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)."},{"issue":"10","key":"1183_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.4158\/EP161407.DSCR","volume":"22","author":"KC Yuen","year":"2016","unstructured":"K.C. Yuen, N.A. Tritos, S.L. Samson, A.R. Hoffman, L. Katznelson, American association of clinical endocrinologists and American college of endocrinology disease state clinical review: update on growth hormone stimulation testing and proposed revised cut-point for the glucagon stimulation test in the diagnosis of adult growth hormone deficiency. Endocr. Pract. 22(10), 1235\u20131244 (2016). doi:\n                        10.4158\/EP161407.DSCR","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"1183_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-0049-1","volume":"45","author":"E Richmond","year":"2014","unstructured":"E. Richmond, A.D. Rogol, Traumatic brain injury: endocrine consequences in children and adults. Endocrine. 45(1), 3\u20138 (2014). doi:\n                        10.1007\/s12020-013-0049-1","journal-title":"Endocrine."},{"issue":"2","key":"1183_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-9904-3","volume":"44","author":"VE Chaves","year":"2013","unstructured":"V.E. Chaves, F.M. Junior, G.L. Bertolini, The metabolic effects of growth hormone in adipose tissue. Endocrine. 44(2), 293\u2013302 (2013). doi:\n                        10.1007\/s12020-013-9904-3","journal-title":"Endocrine."},{"issue":"2","key":"1183_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01320.x","volume":"55","author":"TA Abdu","year":"2001","unstructured":"T.A. Abdu, R. Neary, T.A. Elhadd, M. Akber, R.N. Clayton, Coronary risk in growth hormone deficient hypopituitary adults: increased predicted risk is due largely to lipid profile abnormalities. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf). 55(2), 209\u2013216 (2001)","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)."},{"issue":"3","key":"1183_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-06-0652","volume":"156","author":"M Rizzo","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. Rizzo, R. Trepp, K. Berneis, E.R. Christ, Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype and low-density lipoprotein size and subclasses in patients with growth hormone deficiency before and after short-term replacement therapy. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 156(3), 361\u2013367 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1530\/EJE-06-0652","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"1183_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0807","volume":"168","author":"R Abs","year":"2013","unstructured":"R. Abs, A.F. Mattsson, M. Thunander, J. Verhelst, M.I. Goth, P. Wilton, M. Koltowska-Haggstrom, A. Luger, Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in 6050 hypopituitary patients with adult-onset GH deficiency before GH replacement: a KIMS analysis. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 168(3), 297\u2013305 (2013). doi:\n                        10.1530\/EJE-12-0807","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"1183_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3275\/651910.1007\/BF03346577","volume":"33","author":"C Somma Di","year":"2010","unstructured":"C. Di Somma, R. Pivonello, G. Pizza, A. De Rosa, G. Lombardi, A. Colao, S. Savastano, Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in moderately-severely obese subjects with and without growth hormone deficiency. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 33(3), 171\u2013177 (2010). doi:\n                        10.3275\/651910.1007\/BF03346577","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest."},{"issue":"10","key":"1183_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4660","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0611","volume":"95","author":"M Bondanelli","year":"2010","unstructured":"M. Bondanelli, M.R. Ambrosio, A. Carli, A. Bergonzoni, A. Bertocchi, M.C. Zatelli, S. Ceruti, D. Valle, N. Basaglia, E.C. degli Uberti, Predictors of pituitary dysfunction in patients surviving ischemic stroke. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 95(10), 4660\u20134668 (2010). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jc.2010-0611","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"11","key":"1183_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2007.0343","volume":"24","author":"M Bondanelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. Bondanelli, M.R. Ambrosio, L. Cavazzini, A. Bertocchi, M.C. Zatelli, A. Carli, D. Valle, N. Basaglia, E.C. Uberti, Anterior pituitary function may predict functional and cognitive outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury undergoing rehabilitation. J. Neurotrauma 24(11), 1687\u20131697 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1089\/neu.2007.0343","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"1183_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8336","volume":"87","author":"A Colao","year":"2002","unstructured":"A. Colao, C. di Somma, R. Pivonello, A. Cuocolo, L. Spinelli, D. Bonaduce, M. Salvatore, G. Lombardi, The cardiovascular risk of adult GH deficiency (GHD) improved after GH replacement and worsened in untreated GHD: a 12-month prospective study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87(3), 1088\u20131093 (2002). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8336","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"1183_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1487","volume":"92","author":"G Gotherstrom","year":"2007","unstructured":"G. Gotherstrom, B.A. Bengtsson, I. Bosaeus, G. Johannsson, J. Svensson, A 10-year, prospective study of the metabolic effects of growth hormone replacement in adults. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92(4), 1442\u20131445 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1210\/jc.2006-1487","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"1183_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-06-0699","volume":"156","author":"AA Klaauw van der","year":"2007","unstructured":"A.A. van der Klaauw, N.R. Biermasz, E.J. Feskens, M.B. Bos, J.W. Smit, F. Roelfsema, E.P. Corssmit, H. Pijl, J.A. Romijn, A.M. Pereira, The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increased in patients with GH deficiency, irrespective of long-term substitution with recombinant human GH. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 156(4), 455\u2013462 (2007). doi:\n                        10.1530\/EJE-06-0699","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"9","key":"1183_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1253","volume":"27","author":"WM High Jr.","year":"2010","unstructured":"W.M. High Jr., M. Briones-Galang, J.A. Clark, C. Gilkison, K.A. Mossberg, D.J. Zgaljardic, B.E. Masel, R.J. Urban, Effect of growth hormone replacement therapy on cognition after traumatic brain injury. J. Neurotrauma 27(9), 1565\u20131575 (2010). doi:\n                        10.1089\/neu.2009.1253","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"1183_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2010.536196","volume":"25","author":"P Reimunde","year":"2011","unstructured":"P. Reimunde, A. Quintana, B. Castanon, N. Casteleiro, Z. Vilarnovo, A. Otero, A. Devesa, X.L. Otero-Cepeda, J. Devesa, Effects of growth hormone (GH) replacement and cognitive rehabilitation in patients with cognitive disorders after traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 25(1), 65\u201373 (2011). doi:\n                        10.3109\/02699052.2010.536196","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"issue":"2","key":"1183_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-009-0204-0","volume":"13","author":"F Tanriverdi","year":"2010","unstructured":"F. Tanriverdi, K. Unluhizarci, Z. Karaca, F.F. Casanueva, F. Kelestimur, Hypopituitarism due to sports related head trauma and the effects of growth hormone replacement in retired amateur boxers. Pituitary. 13(2), 111\u2013114 (2010). doi:\n                        10.1007\/s11102-009-0204-0","journal-title":"Pituitary."}],"container-title":["Endocrine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12020-016-1183-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-016-1183-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-016-1183-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,21]],"date-time":"2017-09-21T11:22:52Z","timestamp":1505992972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12020-016-1183-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1183"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-016-1183-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-008X","1559-0100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-008X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]]}}}