{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T02:09:21Z","timestamp":1779329361269,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocrine"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-024-03690-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T13:04:04Z","timestamp":1706533444000},"page":"745-756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The effect of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone on steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis by acting through the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013testis axis in mice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Tianshu","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shihao","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuankui","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingang","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"3690_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2004.00502.x","volume":"27","author":"RW Holdcraft","year":"2004","unstructured":"R.W. Holdcraft, R.E. Braun, Hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis. Int. J. Androl. 27, 335\u2013342 (2004)","journal-title":"Int. J. Androl."},{"key":"3690_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3350","volume":"275","author":"K Tsutsui","year":"2000","unstructured":"K. Tsutsui, E. Saigoh, K. Ukena, H. Teranishi, Y. Fujisawa et al. A novel avian hypothalamic peptide inhibiting gonadotropin release. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 275, 661\u2013667 (2000)","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"3690_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.07.024","volume":"264","author":"K Tsutsui","year":"2018","unstructured":"K. Tsutsui, T. Osugi, Y.L. Son, T. Ubuka, Review: Structure, function and evolution of GnIH. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 264, 48\u201357 (2018)","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.110914","volume":"514","author":"K Tsutsui","year":"2020","unstructured":"K. Tsutsui, T. Ubuka, Discovery of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), progress in GnIH research on reproductive physiology and behavior and perspective of GnIH research on neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 514, 110914 (2020)","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2021.100900","volume":"61","author":"K Tsutsui","year":"2021","unstructured":"K. Tsutsui, T. Ubuka, Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH): a new key neurohormone controlling reproductive physiology and behavior. Front. Neuroendocrinol. 61, 100900 (2021)","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2009.04.001","volume":"30","author":"IJ Clarke","year":"2009","unstructured":"I.J. Clarke, Y. Qi, I.P. Sari, J.T. Smith, Evidence that RF-amide related peptides are inhibitors of reproduction in mammals. Front. Neuroendocrinol. 30, 371\u2013378 (2009)","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2012.05.011","volume":"98","author":"I Parhar","year":"2012","unstructured":"I. Parhar, S. Ogawa, T. Kitahashi, RFamide peptides as mediators in environmental control of GnRH neurons. Prog. Neurobiol. 98, 176\u2013196 (2012)","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"3690_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2003.01062.x","volume":"15","author":"GE Bentley","year":"2003","unstructured":"G.E. Bentley, N. Perfito, K. Ukena, K. Tsutsui, J.C. Wingfield, Gonadotropin-inhibitory peptide in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) in different reproductive conditions, and in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) relative to chicken-gonadotropin-releasing hormone. J. Neuroendocrinol. 15, 794\u2013802 (2003)","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2006.09.009","volume":"51","author":"MA Johnson","year":"2007","unstructured":"M.A. Johnson, K. Tsutsui, G.S. Fraley, Rat RFamide-related peptide-3 stimulates GH secretion, inhibits LH secretion, and has variable effects on sex behavior in the adult male rat. Horm. Behav. 51, 171\u2013180 (2007)","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"3690_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3770","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1133","volume":"153","author":"MZ Rizwan","year":"2012","unstructured":"M.Z. Rizwan, M.C. Poling, M. Corr, P.A. Cornes, R.A. Augustine, J.H. Quennell et al. RFamide-related peptide-3 receptor gene expression in GnRH and kisspeptin neurons and GnRH-dependent mechanism of action. Endocrinology 153, 3770\u20133779 (2012)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1038\/35036326","volume":"2","author":"S Hinuma","year":"2000","unstructured":"S. Hinuma, Y. Shintani, S. Fukusumi, N. Iijima, Y. Matsumoto et al. New neuropeptides containing carboxy-terminal RFamide and their receptor in mammals. Nat. Cell Biol. 2, 703\u2013708 (2000)","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"3690_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4958","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0316","volume":"149","author":"EM Gibson","year":"2008","unstructured":"E.M. Gibson, S.A. Humber, S. Jain, W.P. Williams, S. Zhao, G.E. Bentley et al. Alterations in RFamide-related peptide expression are coordinated with the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge. Endocrinology 149, 4958\u20134969 (2008)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1904","volume":"153","author":"YL Son","year":"2012","unstructured":"Y.L. Son, T. Ubuka, R.P. Millar, H. Kanasaki, K. Tsutsui, Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone inhibits GnRH-induced gonadotropin subunit gene transcriptions by inhibiting AC\/cAMP\/PKA-dependent ERK pathway in L\u03b2T2 cells. Endocrinology 153, 2332\u20132343 (2012)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8400","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008400","volume":"4","author":"T Ubuka","year":"2009","unstructured":"T. Ubuka, K. Morgan, A.J. Pawson, T. Osugi, V.S. Chowdhury et al. Identification of human GnIH homologs, RFRP-1 and RFRP-3, and the cognate receptor, GPR147 in the human hypothalamic pituitary Axis. PLoS ONE 4, e8400 (2009)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3690_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2005.01260.x","volume":"16","author":"NA Ciccone","year":"2004","unstructured":"N.A. Ciccone, I.C. Dunn, T. Boswell, K. Tsutsui, T. Ubuka et al. Gonadotrophin inhibitory hormone depresses gonadotrophin \u03b1 and follicle-stimulating hormone \u03b2 subunit expression in the pituitary of the domestic chicken. J. Neuroendocrinol. 16, 999\u20131006 (2004)","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1178","volume":"147","author":"T Ubuka","year":"2006","unstructured":"T. Ubuka, K. Ukena, P.J. Sharp, G.E. Bentley, K. Tsutsui, Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone inhibits gonadal development and maintenance by decreasing gonadotropin synthesis and release in male quail. Endocrinology 147, 1187\u20131194 (2006)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2009.02.001","volume":"36","author":"H Kadokawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"H. Kadokawa, M. Shibata, Y. Tanaka, T. Kojima, M. Matsumoto et al. Bovine C-terminal octapeptide of RFamide-related peptide-3 suppresses luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from the pituitary as well as pulsatile LH secretion in bovines. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 36, 219\u2013224 (2009)","journal-title":"Domest. Anim. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.03.015","volume":"372","author":"X Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"X. Li, J. Su, R. Fang, L. Zheng, R. Lei et al. The effects of RFRP-3, the mammalian ortholog of GnIH, on the female pig reproductive axis in vitro. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 372, 65\u201372 (2013)","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E39","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00108.2010","volume":"299","author":"R Pineda","year":"2010","unstructured":"R. Pineda, D. Garcia-Galiano, M.A. Sanchez-Garrido, M. Romero, F. Ruiz-Pino et al. Characterization of the inhibitory roles of RFRP3, the mammalian ortholog of GnIH, in the control of gonadotropin secretion in the rat: in vivo and in vitro studies. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 299, E39\u2013E46 (2010)","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"3690_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5549","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0775","volume":"150","author":"IP Sari","year":"2009","unstructured":"I.P. Sari, A. Rao, J.T. Smith, A.J. Tilbrook, I.J. Clarke, Effect of RF-Amide-related peptide-3 on luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis and secretion in ovine pituitary gonadotropes. Endocrinology 150, 5549\u20135556 (2009)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5811","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0575","volume":"149","author":"IJ Clarke","year":"2008","unstructured":"I.J. Clarke, I.P. Sari, Y. Qi, J.T. Smith, H.C. Parkington et al. Potent action of RFamide-related peptide-3 on pituitary gonadotropes indicative of a hypophysiotropic role in the negative regulation of gonadotropin secretion. Endocrinology 149, 5811\u20135821 (2008)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-14-0333","volume":"223","author":"S Anjum","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Anjum, A. Krishna, K. Tsutsui, Inhibitory roles of the mammalian GnIH ortholog RFRP3 in testicular activities in adult mice. J. Endocrinol. 223, 79\u201391 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00008","volume":"5","author":"K Ubuka","year":"2014","unstructured":"K. Ubuka, L.Y. Son, Y. Tobari, M. Narihiro, G.E. Bentley, L.G. Kriegsfeld et al. Central and direct regulation of testicular activity by gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone and its receptor. Front. Endocrinol. 5, 8 (2014)","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e74596","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074596","volume":"8","author":"L Han","year":"2013","unstructured":"L. Han, C.J. Wu, H.S. Riazz, L.Y. Bai, J.G. Chen et al. Characterization of the mechanism of inhibin a-subunit gene in mouse anterior pituitary cells by RNA interference. Plos One 8, e74596 (2013)","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"3690_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2004.05.079","volume":"569","author":"RJ Shao","year":"2004","unstructured":"R.J. Shao, F.P. Zhang, F. Tian, P.A. Friberg, X.Y. Wang et al. Increase of SUMO-1 expression in response to hypoxia: direct interaction with HIF-1alpha in adult mouse brain and heart in vivo. FEBS Lett. 569, 293\u2013300 (2004)","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"3690_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0983","volume":"149","author":"T Ubuka","year":"2008","unstructured":"T. Ubuka, S. Kim, Y.C. Huang, J. Reid, J. Jiang et al. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone neurons interact directly with gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I and -II neurons in European starling brain. Endocrinology 149, 268\u2013278 (2008)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-017-0254-5","volume":"15","author":"XH Han","year":"2017","unstructured":"X.H. Han, Y.Y. He, G.L. Zeng, Y.H. Wang, W. Sun et al. Intracerebroventricular injection of RFRP-3 delays puberty onset and stimulates growth hormone secretion in female rats. Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 15, 35 (2017)","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0197","volume":"199","author":"M Murakami","year":"2008","unstructured":"M. Murakami, T. Matsuzaki, T. Iwasa, T. Yasui, M. Irahara et al. Hypophysiotropic role of RFamide-related peptide-3 in the inhibition of LH secretion in female rats. J. Endocrinol. 199, 105\u2013112 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2021.113973","volume":"317","author":"M Sivalingam","year":"2022","unstructured":"M. Sivalingam, S. Ogawa, V.L. Trudeau, I.S. Parhar, Conserved functions of hypothalamic kisspeptin in vertebrates. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 317, 113973 (2022)","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2021.100977","volume":"65","author":"V Sobrino","year":"2022","unstructured":"V. Sobrino, M.S. Avenda\u00f1o, C. Perdices-L\u00f3pez, M. Jimenez-Puyer, Tena-Sempere, M, Kisspeptins and the neuroendocrine control of reproduction: recent progress and new frontiers in kisspeptin research. Front. Neuroendocrinol. 65, 100977 (2022)","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2019.110578","volume":"498","author":"E Terasawa","year":"2019","unstructured":"E. Terasawa, Mechanism of pulsatile GnRH release in primates: unresolved questions. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 498, 110578 (2019)","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1159\/000332822","volume":"95","author":"IJ Clarke","year":"2012","unstructured":"I.J. Clarke, J.T. Smith, B.A. Henry, B.J. Oldfield, A. Stefanidis et al. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone is a hypothalamic peptide that provides a molecular switch between reproduction and feeding. Neuroendocrinology 95, 305\u2013316 (2012)","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3832","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1228","volume":"152","author":"MK Herde","year":"2011","unstructured":"M.K. Herde, K. Geist, R.E. Campbell, A.E. Herbison, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons extend complex highly branched dendritic trees outside the blood-brain barrier. Endocrinology 152, 3832\u20133841 (2011)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.036129","volume":"302","author":"WA Banks","year":"2002","unstructured":"W.A. Banks, M. Goulet, J.R. Rusche, M.L. Niehoff, R. Boismenu, Differential transport of a secretin analog across the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers of the mouse. J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 302, 1062\u20131069 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"3690_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612043384934","volume":"10","author":"D Dogrukol-Ak","year":"2004","unstructured":"D. Dogrukol-Ak, F. Tore, N. Tuncel, Passage of VIP\/PACAP\/secretin family across the blood-brain barrier: therapeutic effects. Curr. Pharm. Des. 10, 1325\u20131340 (2004)","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"3690_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12030","volume":"25","author":"A Caraty","year":"2013","unstructured":"A. Caraty, D. Lomet, M.E. S\u00e9bert, D. Guillaume, M. Beltramo, N.P. Evans, Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone release into the hypophyseal portal blood of the ewe mirrors both pulsatile and continuous intravenous infusion of kisspeptin: an insight into kisspeptin\u2019s mechanism of action. J. Neuroendocrinol. 25, 537\u2013546 (2013)","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13308","volume":"86","author":"JT George","year":"2017","unstructured":"J.T. George, M. Hendrikse, J.D. Veldhuis, I.J. Clarke, R.A. Anderson et al. Effect of gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) on luteinizing hormone secretion in humans. Clin. Endocrinol. 86, 731\u2013738 (2017)","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-011-9340-8","volume":"42","author":"P Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"P. Singh, A. Krishna, R. Sridaran, K. Tsutsui, Immunohistochemical localization of GnRH and RFamide-related peptide-3 in the ovaries of mice during the estrous cycle. J. Mol. Histol. 42, 371\u2013381 (2011)","journal-title":"J. Mol. Histol."},{"key":"3690_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2015.01.004","volume":"154","author":"L Zheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"L. Zheng, J. Su, R. Fang, M. Jin, Z. Lei et al. Developmental changes in the role of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and its receptors in the reproductive axis of male Xiaomeishan pigs. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 154, 113\u2013120 (2015)","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"3690_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2023.107306","volume":"256","author":"J Su","year":"2023","unstructured":"J. Su, Y. Song, Y. Yang, Z. Li, F. Zhao et al. Study on the changes of LHR, FSHR, and AR with the development of testis cells in Hu sheep. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 256, 107306 (2023)","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"3690_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1997.tb01898.x","volume":"18","author":"KM Graf","year":"1997","unstructured":"K.M. Graf, J.A. Dias, M.D. Griswold, Decreased spermatogenesis as the result of an induced autoimmune reaction directed against the gonadotropin receptors in male rats. J. Androl. 18(2), 174\u2013185 (1997)","journal-title":"J. Androl."},{"issue":"1","key":"3690_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.10200","volume":"36","author":"GH Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"G.H. Wang, J. Zhang, D. Moskophidis, N.F. Mivechi, Targeted disruption of the heat shock transcription factor (hsf)-2 gene results in increased embryonic lethality, neuronal defects, and reduced spermatogenesis. Genesis 36(1), 48\u201361 (2003)","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"3690_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38879","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608820200","volume":"281","author":"J Liu","year":"2006","unstructured":"J. Liu, M.B. Rone, V. Papadopoulos, Protein-protein interactions mediate mitochondrial cholesterol transport and steroid biosynthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 38879\u201338893 (2006)","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"3690_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2647","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2004-0532","volume":"19","author":"DM Stocco","year":"2005","unstructured":"D.M. Stocco, X. Wang, Y. Jo, P.R. Manna, Multiple signaling pathways regulating steroidogenesis and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression: more complicated than we thought. Mol. Endocrinol. 19, 2647\u20132659 (2005)","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"3690_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13692","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2232815100","volume":"100","author":"FP Zhang","year":"2003","unstructured":"F.P. Zhang, T. Pakarainen, M. Poutanen, J. Toppari, I. Huhtaniemi, The low gonadotropin-independent constitutive production of testicular testosterone is sufficient to maintain spermatogenesis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 100, 13692\u201313697 (2003)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci."},{"key":"3690_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.3.4973","volume":"138","author":"LX Shan","year":"1997","unstructured":"L.X. Shan, C.W. Bardin, M.P. Hardy, Immunohistochemical analysis of androgen effects on androgen receptor expression in developing Leydig and Sertoli cells. Endocrinology 138, 1259\u20131266 (1997)","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"3690_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(199607)245:3<509::AID-AR7>3.0.CO;2-M","volume":"245","author":"X Zhou","year":"1996","unstructured":"X. Zhou, A. Kudo, H. Kawakami, H. Hirano, Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in mouse testicular germ cells during fetal and postnatal development. Anat. Rec. 245, 509\u2013518 (1996)","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"3690_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2008-0025","volume":"30","author":"RS Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"R.S. Wang, S. Yeh, C.R. Tzeng, C. Chang, Androgen receptor roles in spermatogenesis and fertility: lessons from testicular cell-specific androgen receptor knockout mice. Endocr. Rev. 30, 119\u2013132 (2009)","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"3690_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-007-9015-0","volume":"32","author":"Q Xu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Q. Xu, H.Y. Lin, S.D. Yeh, I.C. Yu, R.S. Wang et al. Infertility with defective spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in male mice lacking androgen receptor in Leydig cells. Endocrine 32, 96\u2013106 (2007)","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"3690_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3110","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.9.5121","volume":"83","author":"FH Pierik","year":"1998","unstructured":"F.H. Pierik, J.T. Vreeburg, T. Stijnen, F.H.D. Jong, R.F. Weber, Serum Inhibin B as a marker of spermatogenesis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83, 3110\u20133114 (1998)","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"3690_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.12.051","volume":"94","author":"N J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2010","unstructured":"N. J\u00f8rgensen, F. Liu, A.M. Andersson, M. Vierula, D.S. Irvine et al. Serum inhibin-b in fertile men is strongly correlated with low but not high sperm counts: a coordinated study of 1,797 European and US men. Fertil. Steril. 94, 2128\u20132134 (2010)","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"3690_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.20005","volume":"38","author":"G Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"G. Wang, Z. Ying, X. Jin, N. Tu, Y. Zhang et al. Essential requirement for both hsf1 and hsf2 transcriptional activity in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Genesis 38, 66\u201380 (2004)","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3690_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.03.052","volume":"95","author":"P Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"P. Singh, A. Krishna, K. Tsutsui, Effects of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone on folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis of cyclic mice. Fertil. Steril. 95(4), 1397\u20131404 (2011)","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"issue":"2","key":"3690_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425919864658","volume":"26","author":"MI Mendoza-Cabrera","year":"2020","unstructured":"M.I. Mendoza-Cabrera, R.E. Navarro-Hern\u00e1ndez, A. Santerre, P.C. Ortiz-Lazareno, A.L. Pereira-Su\u00e1rez et al. Effect of pregnancy hormone mixtures on cytokine production and surface marker expression in na\u00efve and LPS-activated THP-1 differentiated monocytes\/macrophages. Innate Immun. 26(2), 84\u201396 (2020)","journal-title":"Innate Immun."},{"issue":"5","key":"3690_CR55","first-page":"501","volume":"37","author":"YT Gui","year":"2005","unstructured":"Y.T. Gui, J. Yu, Z.M. Cai, Hormone regulation of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in mouse uterus. J. Peking. Univ. (Health Sci.) 37(5), 501\u2013503 (2005)","journal-title":"J. Peking. Univ. (Health Sci.)"}],"container-title":["Endocrine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-024-03690-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12020-024-03690-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-024-03690-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T07:15:30Z","timestamp":1715066130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12020-024-03690-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["3690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-024-03690-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}