{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:30:30Z","timestamp":1768566630960,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocrine"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-024-04023-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T06:01:46Z","timestamp":1726380106000},"page":"1156-1170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Increased prevalence of negative pregnancy and fetal outcomes in women with primary adrenal insufficiency. A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Georgia","family":"Ilia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Paltoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Chatzakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Christopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Mastorakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"4023_CR1","unstructured":"R. Tal, H.S. Taylor, RO Burney et al. Endocrinology of Pregnancy. In: Endotext [Internet]. 2000. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK278962\/"},{"key":"4023_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06219.x","volume":"900","author":"M Fadalti","year":"2000","unstructured":"M. Fadalti, I. Pezzani, L. Cobellis, F. Springolo, M.M. Petrovec, G. Ambrosini et al. Placental corticotropin-releasing factor. An update. Ann N. Y Acad Sci 900, 89\u201394 (2000)","journal-title":"Ann N. Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"4023_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.4158\/2.6.397","volume":"2","author":"PR Garner","year":"1996","unstructured":"P.R. Garner, Management of congenital adrenal hyperplasia during pregnancy. Endocr Pr 2, 397\u2013405 (1996)","journal-title":"Endocr Pr"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-0005(98)80025-6","volume":"22","author":"PR Garner","year":"1998","unstructured":"P.R. Garner, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in pregnancy. Semin Perinatol 22(Dec), 446\u201356 (1998)","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114390","volume":"84","author":"A Sasaki","year":"1989","unstructured":"A. Sasaki, O. Shinkawa, K. Yoshinaga, Placental corticotropin-releasing hormone may be a stimulator of maternal pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in humans. J Clin Invest 84(Dec), 1997\u20132001 (1989)","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"4023_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1159\/000354702","volume":"98","author":"L Duthie","year":"2013","unstructured":"L. Duthie, R.M. Reynolds, Changes in the maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in pregnancy and postpartum: influences on maternal and fetal outcomes. Neuroendocrinology 98, 106\u201315 (2013)","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"Jul","key":"4023_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5244","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.14.5244","volume":"85","author":"BG Robinson","year":"1988","unstructured":"B.G. Robinson, R.L. Emanuel, D.M. Frim, J.A. Majzoub, Glucocorticoid stimulates expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone gene in human placenta. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85(Jul), 5244\u20138 (1988)","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4023_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2011.09.001","volume":"40","author":"D Abdelmannan","year":"2011","unstructured":"D. Abdelmannan, D.C. Aron, Adrenal disorders in pregnancy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am [Internet] 40, 779\u201394 (2011. http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0889852911000958.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am [Internet]"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"4023_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104591","volume":"114","author":"G Valsamakis","year":"2020","unstructured":"G. Valsamakis, D. Papatheodorou, N. Chalarakis, M. Manolikaki, A. Margeli, I. Papassotiriou et al. Maternal chronic stress correlates with serum levels of cortisol, glucose and C-peptide in the fetus, and maternal non chronic stress with fetal growth. Psychoneuroendocrinology 114(Apr), 104591 (2020)","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"Mar","key":"4023_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0923","volume":"162","author":"Z Karaca","year":"2010","unstructured":"Z. Karaca, F. Tanriverdi, K. Unluhizarci, F. Kelestimur, Pregnancy and pituitary disorders. Eur J Endocrinol 162(Mar), 453\u201375 (2010)","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Nov","key":"4023_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4043","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01865","volume":"103","author":"PW Speiser","year":"2018","unstructured":"P.W. Speiser, W. Arlt, R.J. Auchus, L.S. Baskin, G.S. Conway, D.P. Merke et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an endocrine society* clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab [Internet] 103(Nov), 4043\u201388 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2018-01865.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab [Internet]"},{"key":"4023_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31431-9","volume":"390","author":"D El-Maouche","year":"2017","unstructured":"D. El-Maouche, W. Arlt, D.P. Merke, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Lancet [Internet] 390, 2194\u2013210 (2017. http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0140673617314319.","journal-title":"Lancet [Internet]"},{"key":"4023_CR13","unstructured":"M. New, M. Yau, O. Lekarev, K. Lin-Su, A. Parsa, C. Pina, et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In: K.R. Feingold, B. Anawalt, A. Boyce, G. Chrousos, W.W. de Herder, K. Dungan, et al., editors. South Dartmouth (MA); 2000."},{"key":"4023_CR14","unstructured":"N.C. Nicolaides, G.P. Chrousos CE. Adrenal insufficiency. Endotext [Internet]. 2017; Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK279083\/"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"4023_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c130035","volume":"4","author":"H Raff","year":"2014","unstructured":"H. Raff, S.T. Sharma, L.K. Nieman, Physiological basis for the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of adrenal disorders: cushing\u2019s syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Compr Physiol [Internet] 4(Apr), 739\u201369 (2014. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24715566.","journal-title":"Compr Physiol [Internet]"},{"key":"4023_CR16","unstructured":"Lang. Pathophysiology of disease: an introduction to clinical medicine 7th Edition. 7th ed. D.G. Hammer, J.S. McPhee, editors. McGraw Hill Education; 2014. p. 593\u2013623."},{"key":"4023_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.F.P. Lotfi, J.L. Kremer, B. Dos Santos Passaia, I.P. Cavalcante, The human adrenal cortex: growth control and disorders. Clin [Internet] 73(Sep), e473s\u2013e473s (2018). https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30208164.","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2018\/e473s"},{"issue":"Sep","key":"4023_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4133","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2631","volume":"95","author":"PW Speiser","year":"2010","unstructured":"P.W. Speiser, R. Azziz, L.S. Baskin, L. Ghizzoni, T.W. Hensle, D.P. Merke et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(Sep), 4133\u201360 (2010)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1258\/om.2012.120015","volume":"5","author":"E Keely","year":"2012","unstructured":"E. Keely, J. Malcolm, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in pregnancy: approach depends on who is the \u201cpatient\u201d. Obstet Med 5(Dec), 154\u201360 (2012)","journal-title":"Obstet Med"},{"issue":"Jun","key":"4023_CR20","first-page":"866","volume":"81","author":"SY Pang","year":"1988","unstructured":"S.Y. Pang, M.A. Wallace, L. Hofman, H.C. Thuline, C. Dorche, I.C. Lyon et al. Worldwide experience in newborn screening for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Pediatrics 81(Jun), 866\u201374 (1988)","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"4023_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00723","volume":"23","author":"A Chatziaggelou","year":"2019","unstructured":"A. Chatziaggelou, E.G. Sakkas, R. Votino, M. Papagianni, G. Mastorakos, Assisted Reproduction in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 23(10), 723 (2019).","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"4023_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(93)90131-F","volume":"45","author":"U Kuhnle","year":"1993","unstructured":"U. Kuhnle, M. Bullinger, H.P. Schwarz, D. Knorr, Partnership and sexuality in adult female patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. First results of a cross-sectional quality-of-life evaluation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 45(Apr), 123\u20136 (1993)","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"Jan","key":"4023_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198701223160402","volume":"316","author":"RM Mulaikal","year":"1987","unstructured":"R.M. Mulaikal, C.J. Migeon, J.A. Rock, Fertility rates in female patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. N. Engl J Med 316(Jan), 178\u201382 (1987)","journal-title":"N. Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01359.x","volume":"55","author":"N Krone","year":"2001","unstructured":"N. Krone, I. Wachter, M. Stefanidou, A.A. Roscher, H.P. Schwarz, Mothers with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and their children: outcome of pregnancy, birth and childhood. Clin Endocrinol 55(Oct), 523\u20139 (2001)","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Jan","key":"4023_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31828aaeee","volume":"347","author":"M Kamoun","year":"2014","unstructured":"M. Kamoun, M.F. Mnif, N. Charfi, F.H. Kacem, B.B. Naceur, F. Mnif et al. Adrenal diseases during pregnancy: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management strategies. Am J Med Sci 347(Jan), 64\u201373 (2014)","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2017.10.010","volume":";78","author":"O Chabre","year":"2017","unstructured":"O. Chabre, B. Goichot, D. Zenaty, J. Bertherat, Group 1. Epidemiology of primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency: prevalence and incidence, acute adrenal insufficiency, long-term morbidity and mortality. Ann Endocrinol ;78(Dec), 490\u20134 (2017)","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14448","volume":"124","author":"M Schneiderman","year":"2017","unstructured":"M. Schneiderman, N. Czuzoj-Shulman, A.R. Spence, H.A. Abenhaim, Maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies in women with Addison\u2019s disease: a population-based cohort study on 7.7 million births. BJOG 124(Oct), 1772\u20139 (2017)","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"Jul","key":"4023_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"D. Moher, A. Liberati, J. Tetzlaff, D.G. Altman, T.P. Group, Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med [Internet] 6(Jul), e1000097 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097.","journal-title":"PLoS Med [Internet]"},{"key":"4023_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","volume":"5","author":"M Ouzzani","year":"2016","unstructured":"M. Ouzzani, H. Hammady, Z. Fedorowicz, A. Elmagarmid, Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews.Syst Rev [Internet] 5, 1\u201310 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4.","journal-title":"Syst Rev [Internet]"},{"key":"4023_CR30","unstructured":"G.A. Wells, D. O'Connell, J. Peterson, V. Welch, M. Losos, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), 2\u20134 (2014). ."},{"key":"4023_CR31","unstructured":"B.D. Ripley, The R Project in Statistical Computing What is R? [Internet]. Available from: www.r-project.org."},{"issue":"Feb","key":"4023_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E528","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab705","volume":"107","author":"S Laakso","year":"2022","unstructured":"S. Laakso, E. Holopainen, C. Betterle, V. Saari, E. Vogt, M.M. Schmitt et al. Pregnancy outcome in women with APECED (APS-1): a multicenter study on 43 females with 83 pregnancies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 107(Feb), E528\u201337 (2022)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Aug","key":"4023_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2853","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa266","volume":"105","author":"C Bothou","year":"2020","unstructured":"C. Bothou, G. Anand, D. Li, T. Kienitz, K. Seejore, C. Simeoli et al. Current management and outcome of pregnancies in women with adrenal insufficiency: experience from a multicenter survey. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(Aug), e2853\u201363 (2020)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4023_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1565183","volume":"48","author":"H Remde","year":"2016","unstructured":"H. Remde, K. Zopf, J. Schwander, M. Quinkler, Fertility and pregnancy in primary adrenal insufficiency in Germany. Horm Metab Res 48, 306\u201311 (2016)","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5249","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0108","volume":"95","author":"S Bj\u00f6rnsdottir","year":"2010","unstructured":"S. Bj\u00f6rnsdottir, S. Cnattingius, L. Brandt, A. Nordenstr\u00f6m, A. Ekbom, O. K\u00e4mpe et al. Addison\u2019s disease in women is a risk factor for an adverse pregnancy outcome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(Dec), 5249\u201357 (2010)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Jan","key":"4023_CR36","first-page":"102","volume":"32","author":"M Rafique","year":"2022","unstructured":"M. Rafique, D. Das, Successful pregnancy outcome in a lady with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 32(Jan), 102\u20134 (2022)","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"4023_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3233\/NPM-190231","volume":"13","author":"SL Margulies","year":"2020","unstructured":"S.L. Margulies, K. Corrigan, S. Bathgate, C. Macri, Addison\u2019s disease in pregnancy: case report, management, and review of the literature. J Neonatal Perinat Med 13, 275\u20138 (2020)","journal-title":"J Neonatal Perinat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4023_CR38","first-page":"53","volume":"3","author":"C Cosimo","year":"2009","unstructured":"C. Cosimo, C. Franco, Addison's disease and pregnancy: case report. J Prenat Med 3(4), 53\u20134 (2009).","journal-title":"J Prenat Med"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199.e17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.08.079","volume":"90","author":"C Fux Otta","year":"2008","unstructured":"C. Fux Otta, P. Szafryk de Mereshian, G.S. Iraci, M.R. Ojeda de Pruneda, Pregnancies associated with primary adrenal insufficiency. Fertil Steril 90(Oct), 1199.e17\u201320 (2008)","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"Aug","key":"4023_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590500099388","volume":"21","author":"G Adonakis","year":"2005","unstructured":"G. Adonakis, N.A. Georgopoulos, G. Michail, N. Spinos, V. Papadopoulos, G.S. Kourounis et al. Successful pregnancy outcome in a patient with primary Addison\u2019s disease. Gynecol Endocrinol 21(Aug), 90\u20132 (2005)","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Mar","key":"4023_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2003.01.001","volume":"113","author":"I Ozdemir","year":"2004","unstructured":"I. Ozdemir, F. Demirci, O. Y\u00fccel, E. Simsek, I. Yildiz, A case of primary Addison\u2019s disease with hyperemesis gravidarum and successful pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 113(Mar), 100\u20132 (2004)","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"Jun","key":"4023_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-820912","volume":"112","author":"K Stechova","year":"2004","unstructured":"K. Stechova, D. Bartaskova, M. Mrstinova, M. Cerny, M. Snajderova, O. Cinek et al. Pregnancy in a woman suffering from type 1 diabetes associated with Addison\u2019s disease and Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis (fully developed Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 2). Exp Clin Endocrinol Diab 112(Jun), 333\u20137 (2004)","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diab"},{"issue":"Jun","key":"4023_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13347.x","volume":"107","author":"LD George","year":"2000","unstructured":"L.D. George, R. Selvaraju, K. Reddy, T.V. Stout, L.D.K.E. Premawardhana, Vomiting and hyponatraemia in pregnancy. BJOG [Internet] 107(Jun), 808\u20139 (2000). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13347.x.","journal-title":"BJOG [Internet]"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR44","first-page":"1261","volume":"61","author":"JD Baum","year":"1968","unstructured":"J.D. Baum, C. Chantler, J.W. Scopes, Hyperinsulinaemic child of mother with Addison\u2019s disease. Proc R Soc Med 61(Dec), 1261\u20132 (1968)","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"issue":"Feb","key":"4023_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E957","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa801","volume":"106","author":"AL Hirschberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"A.L. Hirschberg, S. Gidl\u00f6f, H. Falhammar, L. Fris\u00e9n, C. Almqvist, A. Nordenskj\u00f6ld et al. Reproductive and perinatal outcomes in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a population-based cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 106(Feb), E957\u201365 (2021)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Aug","key":"4023_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.036","volume":"41","author":"A Badeghiesh","year":"2020","unstructured":"A. Badeghiesh, S. Ismail, H. Baghlaf, E. Suarthana, M.H. Dahan, Pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes among women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a study of a large US database. Reprod Biomed Online 41(Aug), 1093\u20139 (2020)","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"4023_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den118","volume":"23","author":"K Hagenfeldt","year":"2008","unstructured":"K. Hagenfeldt, P.O. Janson, G. Holmdahl, H. Falhammar, H. Filipsson, L. Fris\u00e9n et al. Fertility and pregnancy outcome in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Hum Reprod 23, 1607\u201313 (2008)","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"Sep","key":"4023_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0062","volume":"91","author":"C Moran","year":"2006","unstructured":"C. Moran, R. Azziz, N. Weintrob, S.F. Witchel, V. Rohmer, D. Dewailly et al. Reproductive outcome of women with 21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91(Sep), 3451\u20136 (2006)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4023_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(08)70027-6","volume":"30","author":"JC Lo","year":"2001","unstructured":"J.C. Lo, M.M. Grumbach, Pregnancy outcomes in women with congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 30, 207\u201329 (2001)","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E23495","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023495","volume":"99","author":"W Xiong","year":"2020","unstructured":"W. Xiong, G. Huang, X. Wang, S. Tan, Successful pregnancy and live birth in woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a case report. Medicine 99(Dec), E23495 (2020)","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"4023_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bcr2013010299","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-010299","volume":"2013","author":"S Shorakae","year":"2013","unstructured":"S. Shorakae, H. Teede, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and pregnancy. BMJ Case Rep 2013, bcr2013010299 (2013).","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"Jan","key":"4023_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01903.x","volume":"39","author":"IN Purwana","year":"2013","unstructured":"I.N. Purwana, H. Kanasaki, A. Oride, K. Miyazaki, Successful pregnancy after the treatment of primary amenorrhea in a patient with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 39(Jan), 406\u20139 (2013)","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"4023_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1694","volume":"94","author":"K Khoury","year":"2009","unstructured":"K. Khoury, E. Barbar, Y. Ainmelk, A. Ouellet, J.G. Lehoux, Gonadal function, first cases of pregnancy, and child delivery in a woman with lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94(Apr), 1333\u20137 (2009)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4023_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590801945230","volume":"24","author":"B Kulshreshtha","year":"2008","unstructured":"B. Kulshreshtha, E. Marumudi, M.L. Khurana, A. Kriplani, G. Kinra, D.K. Gupta et al. Fertility among women with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia: report of seven cases where treatment was started after 9 years of age. Gynecol Endocrinol 24, 267\u201372 (2008)","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Sep","key":"4023_CR55","first-page":"887","volume":"18","author":"M Dumic","year":"2005","unstructured":"M. Dumic, N. Janjanin, J. Ille, R. Zunec, A. Spehar, G. Zlopasa et al. Pregnancy outcomes in women with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 18(Sep), 887\u201395 (2005)","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4023_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.1999.12.1.89","volume":"12","author":"M Zacharin","year":"1999","unstructured":"M. Zacharin, Fertility and its complications in a patient with salt losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 12, 89\u201394 (1999)","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Mar","key":"4023_CR57","first-page":"930","volume":"84","author":"JC Lo","year":"1999","unstructured":"J.C. Lo, V.M. Schwitzgebel, J.B. Tyrrell, P.A. Fitzgerald, S.L. Kaplan, F.A. Conte et al. Normal female infants born of mothers with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84(Mar), 930\u20136 (1999)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Mar","key":"4023_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-3-575","volume":"42","author":"SB Leichter","year":"1976","unstructured":"S.B. Leichter, L.S. Jacobs, Normal gestation and diminished androgen responsiveness in an untreated patient with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 42(Mar), 575\u201382 (1976)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Jan","key":"4023_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2009.01385.x","volume":"81","author":"EP Davis","year":"2010","unstructured":"E.P. Davis, C.A. Sandman, The timing of prenatal exposure to maternal cortisol and psychosocial stress is associated with human infant cognitive development. Child Dev 81(Jan), 131\u201348 (2010)","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"issue":"Nov","key":"4023_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1290.016","volume":"997","author":"G Mastorakos","year":"2003","unstructured":"G. Mastorakos, I. Ilias, Maternal and fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes during pregnancy and postpartum. Ann N. Y Acad Sci 997(Nov), 136\u201349 (2003)","journal-title":"Ann N. Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"Jun","key":"4023_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1097\/chi.0b013e318047b775","volume":"46","author":"EP Davis","year":"2007","unstructured":"E.P. Davis, L.M. Glynn, C.D. Schetter, C. Hobel, A. Chicz-Demet, C.A. Sandman, Prenatal exposure to maternal depression and cortisol influences infant temperament. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46(Jun), 737\u201346 (2007)","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"4023_CR62","first-page":"104","volume":"86","author":"R Gitau","year":"2001","unstructured":"R. Gitau, N.M. Fisk, J.M.A. Teixeira, A. Cameron, V. Glover, Fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress responses to invasive procedures are independent of maternal responses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86(1), 104\u20139 (2001).","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4023_CR63","unstructured":"C. Dugas, VH. Slane, Miscarriage (Archived). StatPearls [Internet]. 2022 Jun 27."},{"key":"4023_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-2091-8","volume":"18","author":"HG D\u00f6rr","year":"2018","unstructured":"H.G. D\u00f6rr, J. Hess, T. Penger, M. Marx, P. Oppelt, Miscarriages in families with an offspring that have classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia and 21-hydroxylase deficiency. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [Internet] 18, 456 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-018-2091-8.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [Internet]"},{"issue":"Mar","key":"4023_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2011.12.009","volume":"77","author":"CM Trapp","year":"2012","unstructured":"C.M. Trapp, S.E. Oberfield, Recommendations for treatment of nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH): an update. Steroids 77(Mar), 342\u20136 (2012)","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"4023_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298937","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/298937","volume":"2010","author":"TD Nebesio","year":"2010","unstructured":"T.D. Nebesio, E.A. Eugster, Growth and reproductive outcomes in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol [Internet] 2010, 298937 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2010\/298937.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Endocrinol [Internet]"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"4023_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00007-7","volume":"69","author":"MA Okon","year":"1998","unstructured":"M.A. Okon, S.M. Laird, E.M. Tuckerman, T.C. Li, Serum androgen levels in women who have recurrent miscarriages and their correlation with markers of endometrial function. Fertil Steril 69(Apr), 682\u201390 (1998)","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"4023_CR68","unstructured":"G.Daskalakis, et al. Prevention of spontaneous preterm birth. [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jun]. Available from: https:\/\/www.mendeley.com\/reference-management\/web-importer?utm_source=science_direct&utm_campaign=web_importer_cross_sell"},{"key":"4023_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347393","volume":"30","author":"N Vitoratos","year":"2007","unstructured":"N. Vitoratos, G. Mastorakos, A. Kountouris, K. Papadias, G. Creatsas, Positive association of serum interleukin-1\u03b2 and CRH levels in women with pre-term labor. J Endocrinol Invest [Internet] 30, 35\u201340 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03347393.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest [Internet]"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4105","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-4023","volume":"98","author":"DC Papatheodorou","year":"2013","unstructured":"D.C. Papatheodorou, L.K. Karagiannidis, G. Paltoglou, A. Margeli, G. Kaparos, G. Valsamakis et al. Pulsatile interleukin-6 leads CRH secretion and is associated with myometrial contractility during the active phase of term human labor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98(Oct), 4105\u201312 (2013)","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4023_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Konstantakou, G. Mastorakos, N. Vrachnis, J.W. Tomlinson, G. Valsamakis, Dysregulation of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: implications during pregnancy and beyond. 30, Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. Taylor and Francis Ltd; 2017. p. 284\u201393.","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2016.1171308"},{"key":"4023_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000365790","volume":"81","author":"RE Black","year":"2015","unstructured":"R.E. Black, Global Prevalence of Small for Gestational Age Births. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser 81, 1\u20137 (2015).","journal-title":"Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser"},{"issue":"Aug","key":"4023_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2019.1648395","volume":"40","author":"M Manoharan","year":"2020","unstructured":"M. Manoharan, P. Sinha, S. Sibtain, Adrenal disorders in pregnancy, labour and postpartum\u2014an overview. J Obstet Gynaecol 40(Aug), 749\u201358 (2020)","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"Jul","key":"4023_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347034","volume":"26","author":"B Ambrosi","year":"2003","unstructured":"B. Ambrosi, L. Barbetta, L. Morricone, Diagnosis and management of Addison\u2019s disease during pregnancy. J Endocrinol Invest 26(Jul), 698\u2013702 (2003)","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.08.004","volume":"25","author":"O Lekarev","year":"2011","unstructured":"O. Lekarev, M.I. New, Adrenal disease in pregnancy. Best Pr Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 25(Dec), 959\u201373 (2011)","journal-title":"Best Pr Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR76","first-page":"752","volume":"29","author":"RW O\u2019Shaughnessy","year":"1984","unstructured":"R.W. O\u2019Shaughnessy, K.J. Hackett, Maternal Addison\u2019s disease and fetal growth retardation. A case report. J Reprod Med 29(Oct), 752\u20136 (1984)","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"Nov","key":"4023_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199711)56:5<335::AID-TERA7>3.0.CO;2-W","volume":"56","author":"AE Czeizel","year":"1997","unstructured":"A.E. Czeizel, M. Rockenbauer, Population-based case-control study of teratogenic potential of corticosteroids. Teratology 56(Nov), 335\u201340 (1997)","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"4023_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.101063","volume":"183","author":"A Hviid","year":"2011","unstructured":"A. Hviid, D. M\u00f8lgaard-Nielsen, Corticosteroid use during pregnancy and risk of orofacial clefts. CMAJ [Internet] 183(Apr), 796\u2013804 (2011. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21482652.","journal-title":"CMAJ [Internet]"},{"issue":"7","key":"4023_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(03)00103-6","volume":"24","author":"VE Murphy","year":"2003","unstructured":"V.E. Murphy, V.L. Clifton, Alterations in Human Placental 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 and 2 with Gestational Age and Labour. Placenta 24(7), 739\u201344 (2003).","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR80","first-page":"396","volume":"30","author":"MI New","year":"2012","unstructured":"M.I. New, M. Abraham, T. Yuen, O. Lekarev, An update on prenatal diagnosis and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Semin Reprod Med 30(Oct), 396\u20139 (2012)","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2010.03826.x","volume":"73","author":"M Merc\u00e8 Fern\u00e1ndez-Balsells","year":"2010","unstructured":"M. Merc\u00e8 Fern\u00e1ndez-Balsells, K. Muthusamy, G. Smushkin, J.F. Lampropulos, M.B. Elamin, N.O. Abu Elnour et al. Prenatal dexamethasone use for the prevention of virilization in pregnancies at risk for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia because of 21-hydroxylase (CYP21A2) deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Clin Endocrinol 73(Oct), 436\u201344 (2010)","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.05.046","volume":"197","author":"SL Carmichael","year":"2007","unstructured":"S.L. Carmichael, G.M. Shaw, C. Ma, M.M. Werler, S.A. Rasmussen, E.J. Lammer, Maternal corticosteroid use and orofacial clefts. Am J Obstet Gynecol 197(Dec), 585.e1\u20137 (2007).","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"Aug","key":"4023_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.20130","volume":"120A","author":"MJ Edwards","year":"2003","unstructured":"M.J. Edwards, K. Agho, J. Attia, P. Diaz, T. Hayes, A. Illingworth et al. Case-control study of cleft lip or palate after maternal use of topical corticosteroids during pregnancy. Am J Med Genet A 120A(Aug), 459\u201363 (2003)","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"Dec","key":"4023_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10134","volume":"67","author":"P Pradat","year":"2003","unstructured":"P. Pradat, E. Robert-Gnansia, G.L. Di Tanna, A. Rosano, A. Lisi, P. Mastroiacovo, First trimester exposure to corticosteroids and oral clefts. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 67(Dec), 968\u201370 (2003)","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343913","volume":"24","author":"PW Speiser","year":"2001","unstructured":"P.W. Speiser, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: transition from childhood to adulthood. J Endocrinol Invest 24(Oct), 681\u201391 (2001)","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"Nov","key":"4023_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.155","volume":"8","author":"S Monticone","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. Monticone, R.J. Auchus, W.E. Rainey, Adrenal disorders in pregnancy. Nat Rev Endocrinol 8(Nov), 668\u201378 (2012)","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Sep","key":"4023_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30156-7","volume":"22","author":"ME Molitch","year":"1993","unstructured":"M.E. Molitch, Endocrine problems of adolescent pregnancy. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 22(Sep), 649\u201372 (1993)","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70219-4","volume":"179","author":"PD Wadhwa","year":"1998","unstructured":"P.D. Wadhwa, M. Porto, T.J. Garite, A. Chicz-DeMet, C.A. Sandman, Maternal corticotropin-releasing hormone levels in the early third trimester predict length of gestation in human pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 179(Oct), 1079\u201385 (1998)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"Oct","key":"4023_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.06.070","volume":"191","author":"PD Wadhwa","year":"2004","unstructured":"P.D. Wadhwa, T.J. Garite, M. Porto, L. Glynn, A. Chicz-DeMet, C. Dunkel-Schetter et al. Placental corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), spontaneous preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction: a prospective investigation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 191(Oct), 1063\u20139 (2004)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"4023_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1996.683505.x","volume":"44","author":"MA Magiakou","year":"1996","unstructured":"M.A. Magiakou, G. Mastorakos, D. Rabin, A.N. Margioris, B. Dubbert, A.E. Calogero et al. The maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the third trimester of human pregnancy. Clin Endocrinol 44, 419\u201328 (1996)","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"4023_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06220.x","volume":"900","author":"G Mastorakos","year":"2000","unstructured":"G. Mastorakos, I. Ilias, Maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Postpartum-Relat Disord Ann N. Y Acad Sci 900, 95\u2013106 (2000)","journal-title":"Postpartum-Relat Disord Ann N. Y Acad Sci"}],"container-title":["Endocrine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-024-04023-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12020-024-04023-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-024-04023-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T12:07:38Z","timestamp":1731326858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12020-024-04023-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-024-04023-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}