{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:53:40Z","timestamp":1792630420312,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocrine"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-025-04464-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T10:59:16Z","timestamp":1760525956000},"page":"1112-1119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fructose and insulin: A sweet sabotage hypothesis?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2630-741X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazmi","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"Dalm\u0131zrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salaheldin","family":"Elabiad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130. Hamdi","family":"\u00d6\u011f\u00fc\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"4464_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02141-x","volume":"10","author":"H Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"H. Liu, S. Wang, J. Wang et al., Energy metabolism in health and diseases. Sig Transduct. Target. Ther. 10, 69 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-025-02141-x","journal-title":"Sig Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"4464_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.3390\/diabetology4020017","volume":"4","author":"A Malta","year":"2023","unstructured":"A. Malta, L.P.J. Saavedra, S.R. Raposo, G.K.G. Lopes, M.D. Fernandes, L.F. Barbosa et al., Impact of dietary sugars on \u03b2-cell function. Diabetology. 4, 178\u2013183 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diabetology4020017","journal-title":"Diabetology"},{"key":"4464_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e219","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2016.6","volume":"48","author":"PV R\u00f6der","year":"2016","unstructured":"P.V. R\u00f6der, B. Wu, Y. Liu, W. Han, Pancreatic regulation of glucose homeostasis. Exp. Mol. Med. 48, e219 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/emm.2016.6","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"4464_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2006.1858","volume":"361","author":"SC Woods","year":"2006","unstructured":"S.C. Woods, T.A. Lutz, N. Geary, W. Langhans, Pancreatic signals controlling food intake; insulin, glucagon and Amylin. Phil Trans. R Soc. B 361, 1219\u20131235 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2006.1858","journal-title":"Phil Trans. R Soc. B"},{"key":"4464_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118308","volume":"96","author":"A De Vos","year":"1995","unstructured":"De A. Vos, H. Heimberg, P. Quartier, P. Huypens, L. Bouwens, D. Pipeleers et al., Human and rat \u03b2-cells differ in glucose transporter but not in glucokinase gene expression. J. Clin. Invest. 96, 2489\u20132495 (1995)","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"4464_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c110024","volume":"2","author":"AJ Cura","year":"2013","unstructured":"A.J. Cura, A. Carruthers, The role of monosaccharide transport proteins in carbohydrate assimilation, distribution, metabolism and homeostasis. Compr. Physiol. 2(2), 863\u2013914 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cphy.c110024","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"4464_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.2337\/db23-0508","volume":"73","author":"I Caspi","year":"2024","unstructured":"I. Caspi, D.M. Tremmel, J. Pulecio, D. Yang, D. Liu, J. Yan et al., Glucose transporters are key components of the human glucostat. Diabetes. 73, 1336\u20131351 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db23-0508","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"4464_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.13.3.198","volume":"13","author":"GI Bell","year":"1990","unstructured":"G.I. Bell, T. Kayano, J.B. Buse, C.F. Burant, J. Takeda, D. Lin et al., Molecular biology of mammalian glucose transporters. Diabetes Care. 13(3), 198\u2013208 (1990)","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"26","key":"4464_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)36489-0","volume":"268","author":"GI Bell","year":"1993","unstructured":"G.I. Bell, C.F. Burant, J. Takeda, G.W. Gould, Structure and function of mammalian facilitative sugar transporters. J. Biol. Chem. 268(26), 19161\u201319164 (1993)","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"4464_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.1246","volume":"27","author":"KT Coppieters","year":"2011","unstructured":"K.T. Coppieters, A. Wiberg, N. Amirian, T.W. Kay, Von M.G. Herrath, Persistent glucose transporter expression on pancreatic \u03b2-cells from long standing type 1 diabetic individuals. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rew. 27, 746\u2013754 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.1246","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Res. Rew"},{"key":"4464_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.2858","volume":"25","author":"D Deng","year":"2016","unstructured":"D. Deng, N. Yan, GLUT, SGLT, and SWEET: structural and mechanistic investigations of the glucose transporters. Prot. Sci. 25, 546\u2013558 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pro.2858","journal-title":"Prot. Sci."},{"key":"4464_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-020-02383-4","volume":"472","author":"C Berger","year":"2020","unstructured":"C. Berger, D. Zdzieblo, Glucose transporters in pancreatic islet. Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv-EU J. Physiol. 472, 1249\u20131272 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00424-020-02383-4","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv-EU J. Physiol."},{"key":"4464_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2011.08.026","volume":"104","author":"LJ McCulloch","year":"2011","unstructured":"L.J. McCulloch, Van De M. Bunt, M. Braun, K.N. Frayn, A. Clark, A.L. Gloyn, GLUT2 (SLC2A2) is not the principal glucose transporter in human pancreatic \u03b2-cells: implications for Understanding genetic association signals at this locus. Mol. Gen. Metab. 104, 648\u2013653 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymgme.2011.08.026","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Metab."},{"issue":"7","key":"4464_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29189","volume":"116","author":"M Kasuga","year":"2006","unstructured":"M. Kasuga, Insulin resistance and pancreatic \u03b2-cell failure. JCI J. Clin. Invest. 116(7), 1756\u20131760 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI29189","journal-title":"JCI J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"4464_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-0827","volume":"60","author":"A Mari","year":"2011","unstructured":"A. Mari, A. Tura, A. Natali, C. Anderwald, B. Balkan, N. Lalic et al., Influence of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistence on in vivo beta cell function: their role in human \u03b2-cell dysfunction. Diabetes. 60, 3141\u20133147 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db11-0827","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"4464_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2021.0280","volume":"46","author":"S-H Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"S.-H. Lee, S.-Y. Park, C.S. Choi, Insulin resistance: from mechanism to therapeutic strategies. Diabetes Metab. J. 46, 15\u201337 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4093\/dmj.2021.0280","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. J."},{"issue":"7","key":"4464_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-025-05245-8","volume":"480","author":"A Caturano","year":"2025","unstructured":"A. Caturano, E. Erul, R. Nilo, D. Nilo, V. Russo, L. Rinaldi et al., Insulin resistance and cancer: molecular links and clinical perspectives. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 480(7), 3995\u20134014 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-025-05245-8","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"4464_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-024-01019-y","volume":"27","author":"MS Islam","year":"2024","unstructured":"M.S. Islam, P. Wei, M. Suzauddula, I. Nime, F. Feroz, M. Acharjee et al., The interplay of factors in metabolic syndrome: Understanding its roots and complexity. Mol. Med. 27(1), 279 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10020-024-01019-y","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"4464_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185656","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1185656","volume":"14","author":"MD Maheshvare","year":"2023","unstructured":"M.D. Maheshvare, S. Raha, M. K\u00f6nig, D. Pal, A pathway model of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreatic \u03b2-cell. Front. Endocrinol. 14, 1185656 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1185656","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"11","key":"4464_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.11.1751","volume":"49","author":"JC Henquin","year":"2000","unstructured":"J.C. Henquin, Triggering and amplifying pathways of regulation of insulin secretion by glucose. Diabetes. 49(11), 1751\u20131760 (2000). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diabetes.49.11.1751","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"4464_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-8322-9","volume":"66","author":"PB Iynedjian","year":"2009","unstructured":"P.B. Iynedjian, Molecular physiology of mammalian glucokinase. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 66, 27\u201342 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-008-8322-9","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"4464_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20060243","volume":"34","author":"FM Ashcroft","year":"2006","unstructured":"F.M. Ashcroft, K(ATP) channels and insulin secretion: a key role in health and disease. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34, 243\u2013246 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/BST20060243","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"4464_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3313","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.155317","volume":"586","author":"L Eliasson","year":"2008","unstructured":"L. Eliasson, F. Abdulkader, M. Braun, J. Galvanovskis, M.B. Hoppa, P. Rorsman, Novel aspects of the molecular mechanisms controlling insulin secretion. J. Physiol. 586, 3313\u20133324 (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.155317","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"issue":"14","key":"4464_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.06.032","volume":"29","author":"KP Trogden","year":"2019","unstructured":"K.P. Trogden, X. Zhu, J.S. Lee, C.V.E. Wright, G. Gu, I. Kaverina, Regulation of Glucose-Dependent Golgi-Derived microtubules by cAMP\/EPAC2 promotes secretory vesicle biogenesis in pancreatic \u03b2 cells. Curr. Biol. 29(14), 2339\u20132350e5 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2019.06.032","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"4464_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)57189-7","volume":"217","author":"B Chance","year":"1955","unstructured":"B. Chance, G.R. Williams, Respiratory enzymes in oxidative phosphorylation. I. Kinetics of oxygen utilization. J. Biol. Chem. 217(1), 383\u2013393 (1955). PMID: 13271402","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"4464_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2524","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119071","volume":"98","author":"ED Kennedy","year":"1996","unstructured":"E.D. Kennedy, R. Rizzuto, J.-M. Theler, W.-F. Pralong, C. Bastianutto, T. Pozzan et al., Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion correlates with changes in mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca2+ in aequorin-expressing INS-1 cells. J. Clin. Invest. 98, 2524\u20132538 (1996). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI119071","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"4464_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S152","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.2007.S152","volume":"51","author":"RT Kennedy","year":"2002","unstructured":"R.T. Kennedy, L.M. Kauri, G.M. Dahlgren, S.-K. Jung, Metabolic oscillations in \u03b2-cells. Diabetes. 51, S152\u2013S161 (2002). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diabetes.51.2007.S152","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"4464_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.10.007","volume":"32","author":"SL Lewandowski","year":"2020","unstructured":"S.L. Lewandowski, R.L. Cardone, H.R. Foster, T. Ho, E. Potapenko, C. Poudel et al., Pyruvate kinase controls signal strength in the insulin secretory pathway. Cell. Metab. 32, 736\u2013750 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.10.007","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"key":"4464_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70500","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202401912RR","volume":"39","author":"N Murao","year":"2025","unstructured":"N. Murao, R. Morikawa, Y. Seino, K. Shimomura, Y. Maejima, T. Ohno et al., Pyruvate kinase modulates the link between \u03b2-cell Fructose metabolism and insulin secretion. FASEB J. 39, e70500 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.202401912RR","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"4464_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2632","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6072632","volume":"6","author":"F Theytaz","year":"2014","unstructured":"F. Theytaz, De S. Giorgi, L. Hodson, N. Stefanoni, V. Rey, P. Schneiter et al., Metabolic fate of Fructose ingested with and without glucose in a mixed meal. Nutrients. 6, 2632\u20132649 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu6072632","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"4464_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2016.06.005","volume":"27","author":"MA Herman","year":"2016","unstructured":"M.A. Herman, V.T. Samuel, The sweet path to metabolic demise: Fructose and lipid synthesis. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 27(10), 719\u2013730 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2016.06.005","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"4464_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.07.001","volume":"34","author":"M Mueckler","year":"2013","unstructured":"M. Mueckler, B. Thorens, The SLC2 (GLUT) family of membrane transporters. Mol. Aspects Med. 34(2\u20133), 121\u2013138 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mam.2012.07.001","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"4464_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.17.3.517","volume":"17","author":"MH Giroix","year":"2006","unstructured":"M.H. Giroix, H. Jijakli, P. Courtois, Y. Zhang, A. Sener, W.J. Malaisse, Fructokinase activity in rat liver, ileum, Parotid gland, pancreas, pancreatic islet, B and non-B islet cell homogenates. Int. J. Mol. Med. 17(3), 517\u2013522 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijmm.17.3.517","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"4464_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-024-01395-2","volume":"31","author":"C Frezza","year":"2024","unstructured":"C. Frezza, Fructose: the sweet(er) side of the Warburg effect. Cell Death Differ. 31, 1395\u20131397 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41418-024-01395-2","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"4464_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40170-020-00222-9","volume":"8","author":"T Nakagawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"T. Nakagawa, M.A. Lanaspa, I.S. Millan, M. Fini, C.J. Rivard, L.G. Sanchez-Lozada et al., Fructose contributes to the Warburg effect for cancer growth. Cancer Metab. 8, 16 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40170-020-00222-9","journal-title":"Cancer Metab."},{"issue":"18","key":"4464_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12189","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R114.557314","volume":"289","author":"S Lenzen","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Lenzen, A fresh view of Glycolysis and glucokinase regulation: history and current status. J. Biol. Chem. 289(18), 12189\u201312194 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.R114.557314","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"4464_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2446","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0360","volume":"55","author":"AI Tarasov","year":"2006","unstructured":"A.I. Tarasov, C.A. Girard, F.M. Ashcroft, ATP sensitivity of the ATP-sensitive K\u2009+\u2009channel in intact and permeabilized pancreatic beta-cells. Diabetes. 55(9), 2446\u20132454 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db06-0360","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"4464_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.12.7.2047","volume":"12","author":"K Chabin-Brion","year":"2001","unstructured":"K. Chabin-Brion, J. Marceiller, F. Perez, C. Settegrana, A. Drechou, G. Durand et al., The golgi complex is a microtubule-organizing organelle. Mol. Biol. Cell. 12, 2047\u20132060 (2001). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1091\/mbc.12.7.2047","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell."},{"key":"4464_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S. Leng, W. Zhang, Y. Zheng, Z. Liberman, C.J. Rhodes, H. Eldar-Finkelman, rt al. (2010). Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta mediates high glucose-induced ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1. J Endocrinol. 206(2):171\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1677\/JOE-09-0456","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-09-0456"},{"issue":"2","key":"4464_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2014.04.014","volume":"326","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Y. Zhang, H. Li, J. Hao, Y. Zhou, W. Liu, High glucose increases Cdk5 activity in podocytes via transforming growth factor-\u03b21 signaling pathway. Exp. Cell. Res. 326(2), 219\u2013229 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yexcr.2014.04.014","journal-title":"Exp. Cell. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"4464_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201601116R","volume":"31","author":"DK Deb","year":"2017","unstructured":"D.K. Deb, R. Bao, Y.C. Li, Critical role of the cAMP-PKA pathway in hyperglycemia-induced epigenetic activation of fibrogenic program in the kidney. FASEB J. 31(5), 2065\u20132075 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.201601116R","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"4464_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T.S. Lee, K.A. Saltsman, H. Ohashi, G.L. King, (1989). Activation of protein kinase C by elevation of glucose concentration: proposal for a mechanism in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 86(13):5141-5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.86.13.5141. Erratum in: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991;88(21):9907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.88.21.9907e","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.13.5141"},{"issue":"1","key":"4464_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F120","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00351.2002","volume":"286","author":"H Fujita","year":"2004","unstructured":"H. Fujita, S. Omori, K. Ishikura, M. Hida, M. Awazu, ERK and p38 mediate high-glucose-induced hypertrophy and TGF-beta expression in renal tubular cells. Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol. 286(1), F120\u2013126 (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00351.2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"4464_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3230741","volume":"323","author":"MA Utton","year":"1997","unstructured":"M.A. Utton, A. Vandecandelaere, U. Wagner, C.H. Reynolds, G.M. Gibb, C.C. Miller et al., Phosphorylation of Tau by glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta affects the ability of Tau to promote microtubule self-assembly. Biochem. J. 323(3), 741\u2013747 (1997). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bj3230741","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"4464_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.2337\/db19-1186","volume":"69","author":"K-H Ho","year":"2020","unstructured":"K.-H. Ho, X. Yang, A.B. Osipovich, O. Vabrera, M.L. Hayasi, M.A. Magnuson, G. Gu et al., Glucose regulates microtubule disassembly and the dose of insulin secretion via Tau phosphorylation. Diabetes. 69, 1936\u20131947 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db19-1186","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"9","key":"4464_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3982","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02267-w","volume":"28","author":"SP Mangiafico","year":"2023","unstructured":"S.P. Mangiafico, Q.Z. Tuo, X.L. Li, Y. Liu, C. Haralambous, X.L. Ding et al., Tau suppresses microtubule-regulated pancreatic insulin secretion. Mol. Psychiatry. 28(9), 3982\u20133993 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-023-02267-w","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"4464_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4320","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119908109","volume":"109","author":"T Ishimoto","year":"2012","unstructured":"T. Ishimoto, M.A. Lanaspa, M.T. Le, G.E. Garcia, C.P. Diggle, P.S. Maclean et al., Opposing effects of fructokinase C and A isoforms on fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 109(11), 4320\u20134325 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1119908109","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"4464_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-10-45","volume":"10","author":"RD Feinman","year":"2013","unstructured":"R.D. Feinman, E.J. Fine, Fructose in perspective. Nutr Metab (Lond). 10(1), 45 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-7075-10-45","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4464_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-9-89","volume":"9","author":"SZ Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"S.Z. Sun, M.W. Empie, Fructose metabolism in humans - what isotopic tracer studies tell Us. Nutr. Metab. (Lond). 9(1), 89 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-7075-9-89","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. (Lond)"},{"key":"4464_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A.J. Y\u00e1nez, F. Nualart, C. Droppelmann, R. Bertinat, M. Brito, I.I. Concha, J.C. Slebe, (2003). Broad expression of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase provide evidence for gluconeogenesis in human tissues other than liver and kidney. J Cell Physiol. 197(2):189\u2009\u2013\u200997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.10337. PMID: 14502558","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.10337"},{"key":"4464_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K.F. Petersen, D. Laurent, C. Yu, G.W. Cline, G.I. Shulman, (2001). Stimulating effects of low-dose fructose on insulin-stimulated hepatic glycogen synthesis in humans. Diabetes. 50(6):1263-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diabetes.50.6.1263. PMID: 11375325","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.6.1263"},{"issue":"15","key":"4464_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6368","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-4615","volume":"70","author":"H Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"H. Liu, D. Huang, D.L. McArthur, L.G. Boros, N. Nissen, A.P. Heaney, Fructose induces transketolase flux to promote pancreatic cancer growth. Cancer Res. 70(15), 6368\u20136376 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-4615","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"4464_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2510795","volume":"251","author":"MA Parniak","year":"1988","unstructured":"M.A. Parniak, N. Kalant, Enhancement of glycogen concentrations in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes exposed to glucose and Fructose. Biochem. J. 251(3), 795\u2013802 (1988). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bj2510795","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"4464_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E25","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00456.2018","volume":"317","author":"C Bartley","year":"2019","unstructured":"C. Bartley, T. Brun, L. Oberhauser, M. Grimaldi, F. Molica, B.R. Kwak et al., Chronic Fructose renders pancreatic \u03b2-cells hyper-responsive to glucose-stinulated insulin secretion through extracellular ATP signalling. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 317, E25\u2013E41 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00456.2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"4464_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-198902000-00002","volume":"4","author":"DL Curry","year":"1989","unstructured":"D.L. Curry, Effects of mannose and Fructose on the synthesis and secretion of insulin. Pancreas. 4(1), 2\u20139 (1989)","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"8","key":"4464_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-33594","volume":"34","author":"I Miwa","year":"2002","unstructured":"I. Miwa, S. Taniguchi, Acceleration by Fructose of the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel-independent pathway of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Horm. Metab. Res. 34(8), 450\u2013454 (2002). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2002-33594","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"4464_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)69494-9","volume":"256","author":"SJ Pilkis","year":"1981","unstructured":"S.J. Pilkis, M.R. El-Maghrabi, J. Pilkis, T. Claus, Inhibition of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase by Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. J. Biol. Chem. 256(8), 3619\u20133622 (1981)","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"4464_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"BSR20190124","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20190124","volume":"39","author":"DJ Timson","year":"2019","unstructured":"D.J. Timson, Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase: getting the message across. Biosci. Rep. 39, BSR20190124 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/BSR20190124","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"4464_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20407","volume":"205","author":"AJ Y\u00e1\u00f1ez","year":"2005","unstructured":"A.J. Y\u00e1\u00f1ez, R. Bertinat, C. Spichiger, J.G. Carcamo, de M. Los Angeles Garc\u00eda, I.I. Concha et al., Novel expression of liver FBPase in Langerhans Islets of human and rat pancreas. J. Cell. Physiol. 205(1), 19\u201324 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.20407","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"4464_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96702","volume":"128","author":"SA Hannou","year":"2018","unstructured":"S.A. Hannou, D.E. Haslam, N.M. McKeown, M.A. Herman, Fructose metabolism and metabolic disease. J. Clin. Invest. 128(2), 545\u2013555 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI96702","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"4464_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26149","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26149","volume":"6","author":"M Baena","year":"2016","unstructured":"M. Baena, G. Sang\u00fcesa, A. Davalos, M.-J. Latasa, A. Sala-Vila, R.M. Sanchez et al., Fructose, but not glucose, impairs insulin signaling in the three majore insulin-sensitive tissues. Sci. Rep. 6, 26149 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep26149","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"4464_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Article87","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2012.00087","volume":"3","author":"WH Tang","year":"2012","unstructured":"W.H. Tang, K.A. Martin, J. Hwa, Aldose reductase, oxidative stress, and diabetic mellitus. Front. Pharm. 3, Article87 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2012.00087","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"key":"4464_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9050426","volume":"9","author":"B Legeza","year":"2017","unstructured":"B. Legeza, P. Marcolongo, A. Gamberucci, V. Varga, G. Banhegyi, A. Benedetti et al., Fructose, glucocorticoids and adipose tissue: implications for the metabolic syndrome. Nutrients. 9, 426 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu9050426","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4464_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. Tappy, K.-A. Le, (2010). Metabolic effects of fructose and the worldwide increase in obesity. Physiol Rev. 90:23\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00019.2009","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00019.2009"},{"key":"4464_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-016-2828-5","volume":"423","author":"M Balakumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"M. Balakumar, L. Raji, D. Prabhu, C. Sathishkumar, P. Prabu, V. Mohan et al., High-fructose diet is as detrimental as high-fat diet in the induction of insulin resistance and diabetes mediated by hepatic\/pancreatic Endoplasmic reticulun (ER) stress. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 423, 93\u2013104 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-016-2828-5","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"4464_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236S","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.106641","volume":"139","author":"KL Stanhope","year":"2009","unstructured":"K.L. Stanhope, P.J. Havel, Fructose consumption: considerations for future research on its effects on adipose distribution, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in humans. J. Nutr. 139, 1236S\u20131241S (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.109.106641","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"4464_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.03.008","volume":"36","author":"AK Sharma","year":"2024","unstructured":"A.K. Sharma, R. Khandelwal, C. Wolfrum, Futile cycles: emerging utility from apparent futility. Cell. Metab. 36(6), 1184\u20131203 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.03.008","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"4464_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4479","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124479","volume":"21","author":"E Russo","year":"2020","unstructured":"E. Russo, G. Leoncini, P. Esposito, G. Garibotto, R. Pontremoli, F. Viazzi, Fructose and uric acid: major mediators of cardiovascular disease risk starting at pediatric age. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21(12), 4479 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21124479","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"4464_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783393","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.783393","volume":"12","author":"S Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"S. Yu, C. Li, G. Ji, L. Zhang, The contribution of dietary Fructose to Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front. Pharmacol. 12, 783393 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2021.783393","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"4464_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.01.019","volume":"68","author":"T Jensen","year":"2018","unstructured":"T. Jensen, M.F. Abdelmalek, S. Sullivan, K.J. Nadeau, M. Green, C. Roncal et al., Fructose and sugar: A major mediator of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Hepatol. 68(5), 1063\u20131075 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.01.019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"7","key":"4464_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1326","volume":"57","author":"M Kebede","year":"2008","unstructured":"M. Kebede, J. Favaloro, J.E. Gunton, D.R. Laybutt, M. Shaw, N. Wong, B.C. Fam, K. Aston-Mourney, C. Rantzau, A. Zulli, J. Proietto, S. Andrikopoulos, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase overexpression in pancreatic beta-cells results in reduced insulin secretion: a new mechanism for fat-induced impairment of beta-cell function. Diabetes. 57(7), 1887\u20131895 (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db07-1326","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"4464_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bqad054","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqad054","volume":"164","author":"Q Bai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Q. Bai, Y. Liu, C.M. Wang, J.R. Wang, Y. Feng, X. Ma, X. Yang, Y.N. Shi, W.J. Zhang, Hepatic but not intestinal FBP1 is required for Fructose metabolism and tolerance. Endocrinology. 164(6), bqad054 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqad054","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"4464_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4688","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1185","volume":"151","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Y. Zhang, Z. Xie, G. Zhou, H. Zhang, J. Lu, W.J. Zhang, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of mouse pancreatic beta-cells. Endocrinology. 151(10), 4688\u20134695 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2009-1185","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4464_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-013-0486-9","volume":"28","author":"M Akram","year":"2013","unstructured":"M. Akram, Mini-review on Glycolysis and cancer. J. Cancer Educ. 28(3), 454\u2013457 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13187-013-0486-9","journal-title":"J. Cancer Educ."},{"key":"4464_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N.S. Chandel, (2021). Glycolysis. Cold spring Harb perspect biol. 13(5):a040535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a040535","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a040535"},{"issue":"2","key":"4464_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4889(94)90192-9","volume":"1224","author":"D Tosh","year":"1994","unstructured":"D. Tosh, G. Beresford, L. Agius, Glycogen synthesis from glucose by direct and indirect pathways in hepatocyte cultures from different nutritional States. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1224(2), 205\u2013212 (1994). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0167-4889(94)90192-9","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"issue":"6","key":"4464_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/65.6.1774","volume":"65","author":"A Aarsland","year":"1997","unstructured":"A. Aarsland, D. Chinkes, R.R. Wolfe, Hepatic and whole-body fat synthesis in humans during carbohydrate overfeeding. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65(6), 1774\u20131782 (1997). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/65.6.1774","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"11","key":"4464_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-020-01342-8","volume":"20","author":"RN Helsley","year":"2020","unstructured":"R.N. Helsley, F. Moreau, M.K. Gupta, A. Radulescu, B. DeBosch, S. Softic, Tissue-Specific Fructose metabolism in obesity and diabetes. Curr. Diab Rep. 20(11), 64 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11892-020-01342-8","journal-title":"Curr. Diab Rep."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-025-04466-7","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000}}],"container-title":["Endocrine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04464-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04464-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04464-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T18:02:51Z","timestamp":1765908171000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04464-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04464-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 November 2025","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04466-7","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04466-7","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"A review article does not require ethics committee approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}}]}}