{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T23:18:28Z","timestamp":1786231108968,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocrine"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-025-04519-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T13:29:53Z","timestamp":1767619793000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Radiofrequency and microwave versus surgery for the treatment of Less-than-1-cm papillary thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Gatta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Cappelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Negro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"4519_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(24)00223-7","volume":"12","author":"M Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"M. Li, L. Dal Maso, M. Pizzato, S. Vaccarella, Evolving epidemiological patterns of thyroid cancer and estimates of overdiagnosis in 2013-17 in 63 countries worldwide: a population-based study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 12(11), 824\u2013836 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-8587(24)00223-7","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"4519_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00027-9","volume":"9","author":"A Miranda-Filho","year":"2021","unstructured":"A. Miranda-Filho, J. Lortet-Tieulent, F. Bray, B. Cao, S. Franceschi, S. Vaccarella, L. Dal Maso, Thyroid cancer incidence trends by histology in 25 countries: a population-based study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 9(4), 225\u2013234 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-8587(21)00027","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"11","key":"4519_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0075","volume":"26","author":"HS Ahn","year":"2016","unstructured":"H.S. Ahn, H.J. Kim, K.H. Kim, Y.S. Lee, S.J. Han, Y. Kim, M.J. Ko, J.P. Brito, Thyroid cancer screening in South Korea increases detection of papillary cancers with no impact on other subtypes or thyroid cancer mortality. Thyroid. 26(11), 1535\u20131540 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2016.0075","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"4519_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2019.03.011","volume":"60","author":"R Reinke","year":"2019","unstructured":"R. Reinke, J.S. Mathiesen, S.R. Larsen, C.H. Hahn, H.B. Pedersen, J. Bentzen, S. Schytte, C. Godballe, S.C. Londero, Incidental and Non-incidental papillary thyroid microcarcinoma in Denmark 1996\u20132015: A National study on incidence, outcome and thoughts on active surveillance. Cancer Epidemiol. 60, 46\u201350 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canep.2019.03.011","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"4519_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571421","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.571421","volume":"11","author":"J Krajewska","year":"2020","unstructured":"J. Krajewska, A. Kukulska, M. Oczko-Wojciechowska, A. Kotecka-Blicharz, K. Drosik-Rutowicz, M. Haras-Gil, B. Jarzab, D. Handkiewicz-Junak, Early diagnosis of Low-Risk papillary thyroid cancer results rather in overtreatment than a better survival. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne). 11, 571421 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.571421","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020","volume":"26","author":"BR Haugen","year":"2016","unstructured":"B.R. Haugen, E.K. Alexander, K.C. Bible, G.M. Doherty, S.J. Mandel, Y.E. Nikiforov, F. Pacini, G.W. Randolph, A.M. Sawka, M. Schlumberger, K.G. Schuff, S.I. Sherman, J.A. Sosa, D.L. Steward, R.M. Tuttle, L. Wartofsky, 2015 American thyroid association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the American thyroid association guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 26(1), 1\u2013133 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2015.0020","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"12","key":"4519_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz400","volume":"30","author":"S Filetti","year":"2019","unstructured":"S. Filetti, C. Durante, D. Hartl, S. Leboulleux, L.D. Locati, K. Newbold, M.G. Papotti, A. Berruti, Thyroid cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up\u2020. Ann. Oncol. 30(12), 1856\u20131883 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdz400","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"issue":"3","key":"4519_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1159\/000516469","volume":"10","author":"G Mauri","year":"2021","unstructured":"G. Mauri, L. Heged\u00fcs, S. Bandula, R.L. Cazzato, A. Czarniecka, O. Dudeck, L. Fugazzola, R. Netea-Maier, G. Russ, G. Wallin, E. Papini, European thyroid association and cardiovascular and interventional radiological society of Europe 2021 clinical practice guideline for the use of minimally invasive treatments in malignant thyroid lesions. Eur. Thyroid J. 10(3), 185\u2013197 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000516469","journal-title":"Eur. Thyroid J."},{"issue":"6","key":"4519_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25848","volume":"121","author":"V Ramundo","year":"2020","unstructured":"V. Ramundo, M. Sponziello, R. Falcone, A. Verrienti, S. Filetti, C. Durante, G. Grani, Low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: optimal management toward a more Conservative approach. J. Surg. Oncol. 121(6), 958\u2013963 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.25848","journal-title":"J. Surg. Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"4519_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2022.0621","volume":"148","author":"V Hsiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"V. Hsiao, T.J. Light, A.A. Adil, M. Tao, A.S. Chiu, M. Hitchcock, N. Arroyo, S. Fernandes-Taylor, D.O. Francis, Complication rates of total thyroidectomy vs hemithyroidectomy for treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 148(6), 531\u2013539 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2022.0621","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"4519_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.3870","volume":"145","author":"B Nickel","year":"2019","unstructured":"B. Nickel, T. Tan, E. Cvejic, P. Baade, D.S.A. McLeod, N. Pandeya, P. Youl, K. McCaffery, S. Jordan, Health-Related quality of life after diagnosis and treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer and association with type of surgical treatment. JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 145(3), 231\u2013238 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2018.3870","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"4519_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.08.020","volume":"293","author":"K Apostolou","year":"2024","unstructured":"K. Apostolou, I. Paunovic, M. Frountzas, V. Zivaljevic, K. Tausanovic, M. Karanikas, I. Koutelidakis, D. Schizas, Posthemithyroidectomy hypothyroidism: updated Meta-Analysis of risk factors and rates of remission. J. Surg. Res. 293, 102\u2013120 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2023.08.020","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"4519_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02410-5","volume":"70","author":"Z Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Z. Li, Y. Qiu, Y. Fei, Z. Xing, J. Zhu, A. Su, Prevalence of and risk factors for hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine. 70(2), 243\u2013255 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-020-02410-5","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"8","key":"4519_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","volume":"155","author":"PF Whiting","year":"2011","unstructured":"P.F. Whiting, A.W. Rutjes, M.E. Westwood, S. Mallett, J.J. Deeks, J.B. Reitsma, M.M. Leeflang, J.A. Sterne, P.M. Bossuyt, QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Ann. Intern. Med. 155(8), 529\u2013536 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"4519_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2018.1453092","volume":"34","author":"J Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"J. Li, Y. Liu, J. Liu, L. Qian, Ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation versus surgery for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Int. J. Hyperth. 34(5), 653\u2013659 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02656736.2018.1453092","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2019.1626492","volume":"36","author":"J Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. Li, Y. Liu, J. Liu, P. Yang, X. Hu, L. Qian, A comparative study of short-term efficacy and safety for thyroid micropapillary carcinoma patients after microwave ablation or surgery. Int. J. Hyperth. 36(1), 640\u2013646 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02656736.2019.1626492","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2021.1996643","volume":"38","author":"Y Zu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y. Zu, Y. Liu, J. Zhao, P. Yang, J. Li, L. Qian, A cohort study of microwave ablation and surgery for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Int. J. Hyperth. 38(1), 1548\u20131557 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02656736.2021.1996643","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2250935","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2023.2250935","volume":"40","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Y. Li, S.N. Huo, N.C. Lu, L.L. Peng, Y. Wei, Z.L. Zhao, M.A. Yu, A comparative study of quality of life in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma undergoing microwave ablation vs. Total thyroidectomy. Int. J. Hyperth. 40(1), 2250935 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02656736.2023.2250935","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08962-6","volume":"33","author":"L Zheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"L. Zheng, J.P. Dou, F.Y. Liu, J. Yu, Z.G. Cheng, X.L. Yu, H. Wang, C. Liu, M.A. Yu, Z.B. Cong, S.R. Wang, Y. Che, Z.F. Xu, Y. Hao, N. Bai, X. Wang, Y. Liu, Y. Zhou, J. Shi, Z.H. Fu, H.Y. Zhan, Z.Y. Han, P. Liang, Microwave ablation vs. surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma with minimal sonographic extrathyroid extension: a multicentre prospective study. Eur. Radiol. 33(1), 233\u2013243 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-08962-6","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"4519_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4152","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-024-11326-x","volume":"35","author":"H Jing","year":"2025","unstructured":"H. Jing, Z. Wang, L. Yan, J. Xiao, X. Li, Z. Yang, M. Zhang, H. Wang, Y. Liu, Y. Luo, Multicenter study of thermal ablation versus partial thyroidectomy for paratracheal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Eur. Radiol. 35(7), 4152\u20134160 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-024-11326-x","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"4519_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Y. Ren, Y. Li, X. Chu, G. Chen, X. Han, Y. Zhao, C. Liu, J. Wang, S. Xu, Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation versus surgery for low-risk solitary papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a propensity-matched cohort study. Endocr. Connect. 14(2) (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/ec-24-0366","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-24-0366"},{"key":"4519_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00249","volume":"11","author":"Y Lan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Y. Lan, Y. Luo, M. Zhang, Z. Jin, J. Xiao, L. Yan, Y. Zhu, Quality of life in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation or surgery: A comparative study. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne). 11, 249 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.00249","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4519_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0147","volume":"30","author":"M Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"M. Zhang, R.P. Tufano, J.O. Russell, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Qiao, Y. Luo, Ultrasound-Guided radiofrequency ablation versus surgery for Low-Risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: results of over 5 years\u2019 Follow-Up. Thyroid. 30(3), 408\u2013417 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2019.0147","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2021.1916625","volume":"38","author":"Q Song","year":"2021","unstructured":"Q. Song, H. Gao, L. Ren, X. Tian, Y. Lan, L. Yan, Y. Luo, Radiofrequency ablation versus total thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma located in the isthmus: a retrospective cohort study. Int. J. Hyperth. 38(1), 708\u2013714 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02656736.2021.1916625","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"issue":"11","key":"4519_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2021.0100","volume":"31","author":"L Yan","year":"2021","unstructured":"L. Yan, M. Zhang, Q. Song, Y. Luo, Ultrasound-Guided radiofrequency ablation versus thyroid lobectomy for Low-Risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A Propensity-Matched cohort study of 884 patients. Thyroid. 31(11), 1662\u20131672 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2021.0100","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"2","key":"4519_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3233\/ch-201087","volume":"80","author":"C Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"C. Zhang, J. Yin, C. Hu, Q. Ye, P. Wang, P. Huang, Comparison of ultrasound guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and open thyroidectomy in the treatment of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A propensity score matching study. Clin. Hemorheol Microcirc. 80(2), 73\u201381 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/ch-201087","journal-title":"Clin. Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08963-5","volume":"33","author":"L Yan","year":"2023","unstructured":"L. Yan, X. Li, Y. Li, J. Xiao, M. Zhang, Y. Luo, Comparison of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation versus thyroid lobectomy for T1bN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur. Radiol. 33(1), 730\u2013740 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-08963-5","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"4519_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad360","volume":"108","author":"L Yan","year":"2023","unstructured":"L. Yan, Z. Yang, Y. Li, X. Li, J. Xiao, H. Jing, Y. Luo, Five-year outcome between radiofrequency ablation vs surgery for unilateral multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 108(12), 3230\u20133238 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgad360","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"4519_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4867","DOI":"10.1097\/js9.0000000000001595","volume":"110","author":"L Yan","year":"2024","unstructured":"L. Yan, W. Li, Y. Zhu, X. Li, Y. Li, Y. Li, Q. Song, Y. Che, H. Wang, Y. Luo, Long-term comparison of image-guided thermal ablation vs. lobectomy for solitary papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a multi-center retrospective cohort study. Int. J. Surg. 110(8), 4867\u20134875 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/js9.0000000000001595","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"4519_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","volume":"68","author":"F Bray","year":"2018","unstructured":"F. Bray, J. Ferlay, I. Soerjomataram, R.L. Siegel, L.A. Torre, A. Jemal, Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 68(6), 394\u2013424 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21492","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"5","key":"4519_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.13.5.498","volume":"13","author":"EL Mazzaferri","year":"2007","unstructured":"E.L. Mazzaferri, Management of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. Endocr. Pract. 13(5), 498\u2013512 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4158\/EP.13.5.498","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"5","key":"4519_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.13.5.521","volume":"13","author":"ID Hay","year":"2007","unstructured":"I.D. Hay, Management of patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma. Endocr. Pract. 13(5), 521\u2013533 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4158\/EP.13.5.521","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"4519_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-07-0896","volume":"159","author":"E Roti","year":"2008","unstructured":"E. Roti, degli E.C. Uberti, M. Bondanelli, L.E. Braverman, Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: a descriptive and meta-analysis study. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 159(6), 659\u2013673 (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje-07-0896","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"10","key":"4519_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0407","volume":"19","author":"DS Ross","year":"2009","unstructured":"D.S. Ross, D. Litofsky, K.B. Ain, T. Bigos, J.D. Brierley, D.S. Cooper, B.R. Haugen, J. Jonklaas, P.W. Ladenson, J. Magner, J. Robbins, M.C. Skarulis, D.L. Steward, H.R. Maxon, S.I. Sherman, Recurrence after treatment of micropapillary thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 19(10), 1043\u20131048 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2008.0407","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"7","key":"4519_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2023.0076","volume":"33","author":"A Miyauchi","year":"2023","unstructured":"A. Miyauchi, Y. Ito, M. Fujishima, A. Miya, N. Onoda, M. Kihara, T. Higashiyama, H. Masuoka, S. Kawano, T. Sasaki, M. Nishikawa, S. Fukata, T. Akamizu, M. Ito, E. Nishihara, M. Hisakado, K. Kosaka, M. Hirokawa, T. Hayashi, Long-Term outcomes of active surveillance and immediate surgery for adult patients with Low-Risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: 30-Year experience. Thyroid. 33(7), 817\u2013825 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2023.0076","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2020.1777331","volume":"37","author":"K Shen","year":"2020","unstructured":"K. Shen, S. Xue, Y. Xie, H. Wang, J. Li, Y. Sun, K. Wang, G. Xu, T. Guo, B. Fan, L. Zhu, A. Ren, Comparison of thermal ablation and routine surgery for the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Int. J. Hyperth. 37(1), 913\u2013924 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02656736.2020.1777331","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"issue":"10","key":"4519_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2020.1308","volume":"22","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"H.J. Kim, S.J. Cho, J.H. Baek, Comparison of thermal ablation and surgery for Low-Risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Korean J. Radiol. 22(10), 1730\u20131741 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3348\/kjr.2020.1308","journal-title":"Korean J. Radiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"4519_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26960","volume":"44","author":"LA Orloff","year":"2022","unstructured":"L.A. Orloff, J.E. Noel, B.C. Jr Stack et al., Radiofrequency ablation and related ultrasound-guided ablation technologies for treatment of benign and malignant thyroid disease: an international multidisciplinary consensus statement of the American head and neck society endocrine surgery section with the Asia Pacific society of thyroid surgery, associazione Medici Endocrinologi, British association of endocrine and thyroid Surgeons, European thyroid association, Italian society of endocrine surgery Units, Korean society of thyroid Radiology, Latin American thyroid society, and thyroid nodules therapies association. Head Neck. 44(3), 633\u2013660 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.26960","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"8","key":"4519_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1177\/10507256251363120","volume":"35","author":"MD Ringel","year":"2025","unstructured":"M.D. Ringel, J.A. Sosa, Z. Baloch, L. Bischoff, G. Bloom, G.A. Brent, P.L. Brock, R. Chou, R.R. Flavell, W. Goldner, E.G. Grubbs, M. Haymart, S.M. Larson, A.M. Leung, J. Osborne, J.A. Ridge, B. Robinson, D.L. Steward, R.P. Tufano, L.J. Wirth, 2025 American thyroid association management guidelines for adult patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 35(8), 841\u2013985 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10507256251363120","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-022-02991-3","volume":"76","author":"S Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"S. Chen, Y. Mao, G. Chen, Economic effect between surgery and thermal ablation for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine. 76(1), 9\u201317 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-022-02991-3","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"4519_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. Fautrel, A. Boonen, de M. Wit, S. Grimm, M. Joore, F. Guillemin, Cost assessment of health interventions and diseases. RMD Open. 6(3) (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2020-001287","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2020-001287"},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2022.08.048","volume":"173","author":"EJ Kuo","year":"2023","unstructured":"E.J. Kuo, A. Oh, Y. Hu, C.M. McManus, J.A. Lee, J.H. Kuo, If the price is right: Cost-effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation versus thyroidectomy in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Surgery. 173(1), 201\u2013206 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2022.08.048","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"4519_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37838","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37838","volume":"6","author":"WW Yue","year":"2016","unstructured":"W.W. Yue, S.R. Wang, X.L. Li, H.X. Xu, F. Lu, L.P. Sun, L.H. Guo, Y.P. He, D. Wang, Z.Q. Yin, Quality of life and Cost-Effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation versus open surgery for benign thyroid nodules: a retrospective cohort study. Sci. Rep. 6, 37838 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep37838","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"4519_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0707","volume":"30","author":"Y Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Y. Choi, S.L. Jung, Efficacy and safety of thermal ablation techniques for the treatment of primary papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Thyroid. 30(5), 720\u2013731 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2019.0707","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"4519_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2024.3229","volume":"151","author":"L Yan","year":"2024","unstructured":"L. Yan, Y. Li, X. Li, J. Xiao, H. Jing, Z. Yang, M. Li, Q. Song, S. Wang, Y. Che, Y. Luo, Thermal ablation for papillary thyroid carcinoma. JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 151(1), 9\u201317 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2024.3229","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"4519_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1557725","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1557725","volume":"16","author":"S Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"S. Li, M.A. Yu, Z.L. Zhao, Y. Wei, L.L. Peng, Y. Li, Changes in thyroid function after thermal ablation of thyroid nodules. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne). 16, 1557725 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2025.1557725","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"11","key":"4519_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0189","volume":"20","author":"R Valcavi","year":"2010","unstructured":"R. Valcavi, F. Riganti, A. Bertani, D. Formisano, C.M. Pacella, Percutaneous laser ablation of cold benign thyroid nodules: a 3-year follow-up study in 122 patients. Thyroid. 20(11), 1253\u20131261 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2010.0189","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"5","key":"4519_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2015.1032371","volume":"31","author":"K Heck","year":"2015","unstructured":"K. Heck, C. Happel, F. Gr\u00fcnwald, H. Korkusuz, Percutaneous microwave ablation of thyroid nodules: effects on thyroid function and antibodies. Int. J. Hyperth. 31(5), 560\u2013567 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02656736.2015.1032371","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."}],"container-title":["Endocrine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04519-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04519-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04519-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T01:03:33Z","timestamp":1767661413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04519-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4519"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-025-04519-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}}],"article-number":"27"}}