{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T23:52:31Z","timestamp":1781653951025,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777680000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017590","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Essen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocrine"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aging is associated with an increased prevalence of chronic liver diseases suggesting impaired immune and metabolic function. In addition, thyroid hormone (TH) impacts liver physiology and TH deprivation or excess negatively affect organ maintenance. However, whether age-dependent consequences of TH alterations are reflected in a liver-specific adaptation is unknown so far. The present study aimed to characterize the impact of TH deprivation or excess on the liver transcriptome during aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five- and 21-month-old male C57BL\/6 mice were exposed either to chronic TH deprivation or to chronic TH excess and compared to control treatment by microarray-based liver transcriptome analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant roles of both TH state and age became obvious: Bioinformatic analysis of the liver transcriptome data revealed an age-dependent immune signature by chronic TH deprivation, an age-dependent immune and metabolic signature independent of exogenous TH modulation, as well as an age-dependent metabolic signature by chronic TH excess. Published data of single cell transcriptomic atlas characterizing aging tissues in the mouse were compared with our data and revealed Kupffer cell presentation in the immunological signature by TH deprivation during aging. Literature data for four prominent differentially expressed genes, namely\n                      <jats:italic>C1qb<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>C3ar1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Ctss<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Msr1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , revealed that the complement system, extracellular matrix remodelling, as well as the proinflammatory phenotype of Kupffer cells are altered by TH deprivation during aging.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, our study illuminates the interplay between TH deprivation, aging, and liver transcriptome signatures, highlighting potential implications for immune function and tissue maintenance, particularly through the modulation of Kupffer cell presentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-026-04619-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:10:26Z","timestamp":1777691426000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Thyroid hormone deprivation creates an immunological signature in the mouse liver, involving Kupffer cell presentation as the mouse ages"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Helena","family":"Kerp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devon","family":"Siemes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Golchert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Homuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"V\u00f6lker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Christian","family":"Moeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Robert","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dagmar","family":"F\u00fchrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Zwanziger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4619_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.01.027","volume":"120","author":"TB Kirkwood","year":"2005","unstructured":"T.B. Kirkwood, Understanding the odd science of aging. Cell. 120(4), 437\u2013447 (2005). Epub 2005\/03\/01. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2005.01.027","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4619_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L.H. Duntas, Thyroid Function in Aging: A Discerning Approach. Rejuvenation Res. 2018;21(1):22\u2009\u2013\u20098. Epub 2017\/07\/01. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/rej.2017.1991. PubMed PMID: 28661207","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2017.1991"},{"issue":"1","key":"4619_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afn242","volume":"38","author":"J Frith","year":"2009","unstructured":"J. Frith, D. Jones, J.L. Newton, Chronic liver disease in an ageing population. Age Ageing. 38(1), 11\u201318 (2009). Epub 2008\/11\/26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afn242","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"4619_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T. Radonjic, M. Dukic, I. Jovanovic, M. Zdravkovic, O. Mandic, V. Popadic et al., Aging of Liver in Its Different Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(21). Epub 2022\/11\/12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232113085. PubMed PMID: 36361873; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC9656219","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113085"},{"key":"4619_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2019.07.021","volume":"17","author":"NJ Hunt","year":"2019","unstructured":"N.J. Hunt, S.W.S. Kang, G.P. Lockwood, Le D.G. Couteur, V.C. Cogger, Hallmarks of Aging in the Liver. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J. 17, 1151\u20131161 (2019). Epub 2019\/08\/30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csbj.2019.07.021","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"4619_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Sanfeliu-Redondo, A. Gibert-Ramos, J. Gracia-Sancho, Cell senescence in liver diseases: pathological mechanism and theranostic opportunity. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024. Epub 2024\/03\/15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-024-00913-4. PubMed PMID: 38485755","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-024-00913-4"},{"issue":"4","key":"4619_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1056","volume":"34","author":"J Bowers","year":"2013","unstructured":"J. Bowers, J. Terrien, M.S. Clerget-Froidevaux, J.D. Gothie, M.P. Rozing, R.G. Westendorp et al., Thyroid hormone signaling and homeostasis during aging. Endocr. Rev. 34(4), 556\u2013589 (2013). Epub 2013\/05\/23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2012-1056","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"4619_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.3","volume":"81","author":"PM Yen","year":"2001","unstructured":"P.M. Yen, Physiological and molecular basis of thyroid hormone action. Physiol. Rev. 81(3), 1097\u20131142 (2001). Epub 2001\/06\/28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.3","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"4619_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2014.07.001","volume":"25","author":"RA Sinha","year":"2014","unstructured":"R.A. Sinha, B.K. Singh, P.M. Yen, Thyroid hormone regulation of hepatic lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 25(10), 538\u2013545 (2014). Epub 2014\/08\/17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2014.07.001","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"4619_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2018.10","volume":"14","author":"RA Sinha","year":"2018","unstructured":"R.A. Sinha, B.K. Singh, P.M. Yen, Direct effects of thyroid hormones on hepatic lipid metabolism. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 14(5), 259\u2013269 (2018). Epub 2018\/02\/24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrendo.2018.10","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"11","key":"4619_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3944","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2481","volume":"97","author":"AC Waring","year":"2012","unstructured":"A.C. Waring, A.M. Arnold, A.B. Newman, P. Buzkova, C. Hirsch, A.R. Cappola, Longitudinal changes in thyroid function in the oldest old and survival: the cardiovascular health study all-stars study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97(11), 3944\u20133950 (2012). Epub 2012\/08\/11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2012-2481","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"4619_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. Biondi, D.S. Cooper, The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction. Endocr Rev. 2008;29(1):76\u2013131. Epub 2007\/11\/10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2006-0043. PubMed PMID: 17991805","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0043"},{"issue":"9285","key":"4619_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06067-6","volume":"358","author":"JV Parle","year":"2001","unstructured":"J.V. Parle, P. Maisonneuve, M.C. Sheppard, P. Boyle, J.A. Franklyn, Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study. Lancet. 358(9285), 861\u2013865 (2001). Epub 2001\/09\/25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06067-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"4619_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0149941","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149941","volume":"11","author":"WE Visser","year":"2016","unstructured":"W.E. Visser, C.R. Bombardieri, C. Zevenbergen, S. Barnhoorn, A. Ottaviani, van der I. Pluijm et al., Tissue-Specific Suppression of Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Various Mouse Models of Aging. PLoS One. 11(3), e0149941 (2016). Epub 2016\/03\/10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0149941","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"4619_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2018.0377","volume":"29","author":"H Rakov","year":"2019","unstructured":"H. Rakov, De M. Angelis, K. Renko, G.S. Hones, D. Zwanziger, L.C. Moeller et al., Aging Is Associated with Low Thyroid State and Organ-Specific Sensitivity to Thyroxine. Thyroid. 29(12), 1723\u20131733 (2019). Epub 2019\/08\/24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2018.0377","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"11","key":"4619_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.08.012","volume":"50","author":"Z Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Z. Guo, M. Li, B. Han, X. Qi, Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with thyroid function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig. Liver Dis. 50(11), 1153\u20131162 (2018). PubMed PMID: 30224316","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"4619_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0517-x","volume":"26","author":"HC Chi","year":"2019","unstructured":"H.C. Chi, C.Y. Tsai, M.M. Tsai, C.T. Yeh, K.H. Lin, Molecular functions and clinical impact of thyroid hormone-triggered autophagy in liver-related diseases. J. Biomed. Sci. 26(1), 24 (2019). Epub 2019\/03\/10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12929-019-0517-x","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"issue":"7817","key":"4619_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2496-1","volume":"583","author":"C Tabula Muris","year":"2020","unstructured":"C. Tabula Muris, A single-cell transcriptomic atlas characterizes ageing tissues in the mouse. Nature. 583(7817), 590\u2013595 (2020). Epub 2020\/07\/17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-2496-1","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"4619_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-016-0089-3","volume":"7","author":"H Rakov","year":"2016","unstructured":"H. Rakov, K. Engels, G.S. Hones, K.H. Strucksberg, L.C. Moeller, J. Kohrle et al., Sex-specific phenotypes of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in mice. Biol. Sex. Differ. 7(1), 36 (2016). Epub 2016\/08\/26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13293-016-0089-3","journal-title":"Biol. Sex. Differ."},{"issue":"8","key":"4619_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz040","volume":"74","author":"K Engels","year":"2019","unstructured":"K. Engels, H. Rakov, G.S. Hones, K. Brix, J. Kohrle, D. Zwanziger et al., Aging Alters Phenotypic Traits of Thyroid Dysfunction in Male Mice With Divergent Effects on Complex Systems but Preserved Thyroid Hormone Action in Target Organs. J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 74(8), 1162\u20131169 (2019). Epub 2019\/02\/17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/glz040","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"4619_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1159\/000431316","volume":"4","author":"D Zwanziger","year":"2015","unstructured":"D. Zwanziger, H. Rakov, K. Engels, L.C. Moeller, D. Fuhrer, Sex-Dependent Claudin-1 Expression in the Liver of Euthyroid and Hypothyroid Mice. Eur. Thyroid J. 4(Suppl 1), 67\u201373 (2015). Epub 2015\/11\/26. doi: 10.1159\/000431316. PubMed PMID: 26601075; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4640300","journal-title":"Eur. Thyroid J."},{"issue":"4","key":"4619_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-15-0159","volume":"56","author":"J Lietzow","year":"2016","unstructured":"J. Lietzow, J. Golchert, G. Homuth, U. Volker, W. Jonas, J. Kohrle, 3,5-T2 alters murine genes relevant for xenobiotic, steroid, and thyroid hormone metabolism. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 56(4), 311\u2013323 (2016). Epub 2016\/02\/24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/JME-15-0159","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"4619_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2007.55","volume":"9","author":"JD Hunter","year":"2007","unstructured":"J.D. Hunter, Matplotlib, A 2D graphics environment. Comput. Sci. Eng. 9(3), 90\u201395 (2007). doi: Doi 10.1109\/Mcse.2007.55. PubMed PMID: WOS:000245668100019","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"60","key":"4619_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.03021","volume":"6","author":"ML Waskom","year":"2021","unstructured":"M.L. Waskom, seaborn: statistical data visualization. J. Open. Source Softw. 6(60), 3021 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21105\/joss.03021","journal-title":"J. Open. Source Softw."},{"key":"4619_CR25","first-page":"2825","volume":"12","author":"F Pedregosa","year":"2011","unstructured":"F. Pedregosa, G. Varoquaux, A. Gramfort, V. Michel, B. Thirion, O. Grisel et al., Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 12, 2825\u20132830 (2011). PubMed PMID: WOS:000298103200003","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"4619_CR26","unstructured":"P. Virtanen, R. Gommers, T.E. Oliphant, M. Haberland, T. Reddy, D. Cournapeau et al., SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python. Nat Methods. 2020;17(3):261\u2009\u2013\u200972. Epub 2020\/02\/06. doi: 10.1038\/s41592-019-0686-2. PubMed PMID: 32015543; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7056644 author list, but not for authors in the SciPy 1.0 Contributor group beyond that. These affiliations may have since changed. R.G. was employed by Quansight LLC. T.E.O., E.J. and R.K. were employed by Enthought, Inc. T.E.O. and I.H. were employed by Anaconda Inc. N.M. was employed by WayRay LLC. E.W.M. was employed by Bruker Biospin Corp. F.P. and P.v.M. were employed by Google LLC"},{"issue":"43","key":"4619_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","unstructured":"A. Subramanian, P. Tamayo, V.K. Mootha, S. Mukherjee, B.L. Ebert, M.A. Gillette et al., Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 102(43), 15545\u201315550 (2005). Epub 2005\/10\/04. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"issue":"11","key":"4619_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-023-02014-7","volume":"20","author":"AS Castanza","year":"2023","unstructured":"A.S. Castanza, J.M. Recla, D. Eby, H. Thorvaldsdottir, C.J. Bult, J.P. Mesirov, Extending support for mouse data in the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Nat. Methods. 20(11), 1619\u20131620 (2023). Epub 2023\/09\/14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41592-023-02014-7","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"4619_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2021.100141","author":"T Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"T. Wu, E. Hu, S. Xu, M. Chen, P. Guo, Z. Dai et al., Innov. (Camb). 2(3), 100141 (2021). Epub 2021\/09\/25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xinn.2021.100141. clusterProfiler 4.0: A universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data"},{"key":"4619_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Szklarczyk, R. Kirsch, M. Koutrouli, K. Nastou, F. Mehryary, R. Hachilif et al., The STRING database in 2023: protein-protein association networks and functional enrichment analyses for any sequenced genome of interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 2023;51(D1):D638-D46. Epub 2022\/11\/13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkac1000. PubMed PMID: 36370105; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC9825434","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1000"},{"key":"4619_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1382-0","author":"FA Wolf","year":"2018","unstructured":"F.A. Wolf, P. Angerer, F.J. Theis, Genome Biol. 19(1), 15 (2018). Epub 2018\/02\/08. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13059-017-1382-0. SCANPY: large-scale single-cell gene expression data analysis"},{"key":"4619_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050984","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1050984","volume":"13","author":"W Sheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"W. Sheng, G. Ji, L. Zhang, Role of macrophage scavenger receptor MSR1 in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Front. Immunol. 13, 1050984 (2022). Epub 2023\/01\/03. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1050984","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"4619_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.047","volume":"149","author":"AT Naito","year":"2012","unstructured":"A.T. Naito, T. Sumida, S. Nomura, M.L. Liu, T. Higo, A. Nakagawa et al., Complement C1q activates canonical Wnt signaling and promotes aging-related phenotypes. Cell. 149(6), 1298\u20131313 (2012). Epub 2012\/06\/12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.047","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"4619_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3515","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.2097","volume":"6","author":"A Eguchi","year":"2022","unstructured":"A. Eguchi, M. Iwasa, R. Sugimoto, M. Tempaku, K. Yoshikawa, N. Yoshizawa et al., Complement complex 1 subunit q-mediated hepatic stellate cell activation with connective tissue growth factor elevation is a prognostic factor for survival in rat and human chronic liver diseases. Hepatol. Commun. 6(12), 3515\u20133527 (2022). PubMed PMID: 36199236; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC9701491","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"4619_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.105549","volume":"300","author":"P Rodriguez","year":"2024","unstructured":"P. Rodriguez, L.J. Laskowski, J.P. Pallais, H.A. Bock, N.G. Cavalco, E.I. Anderson et al., Functional profiling of the G protein-coupled receptor C3aR1 reveals ligand-mediated biased agonism. J. Biol. Chem. 300(1), 105549 (2024). PubMed PMID: 38072064; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC10796979","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"38","key":"4619_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27434","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.497214","volume":"288","author":"S Hannedouche","year":"2013","unstructured":"S. Hannedouche, V. Beck, J. Leighton-Davies, M. Beibel, G. Roma, E.J. Oakeley et al., Identification of the C3a receptor (C3AR1) as the target of the VGF-derived peptide TLQP-21 in rodent cells. J. Biol. Chem. 288(38), 27434\u201327443 (2013). Epub 2013\/08\/14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M113.497214","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"4619_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.2337\/db09-0323","volume":"58","author":"Y Mamane","year":"2009","unstructured":"Y. Mamane, C. Chung Chan, G. Lavallee, N. Morin, L.J. Xu, J. Huang et al., The C3a anaphylatoxin receptor is a key mediator of insulin resistance and functions by modulating adipose tissue macrophage infiltration and activation. Diabetes. 58(9), 2006\u20132017 (2009). Epub 2009\/07\/08. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db09-0323","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"4619_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-220582","volume":"27","author":"J Lim","year":"2013","unstructured":"J. Lim, A. Iyer, J.Y. Suen, V. Seow, R.C. Reid, L. Brown et al., C5aR and C3aR antagonists each inhibit diet-induced obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and adipocyte and macrophage signaling. FASEB J. 27(2), 822\u2013831 (2013). Epub 2012\/11\/03. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.12-220582","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"5","key":"4619_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.12.039","volume":"124","author":"KY Helmy","year":"2006","unstructured":"K.Y. Helmy, K.J. Jr. Katschke, N.N. Gorgani, N.M. Kljavin, J.M. Elliott, L. Diehl et al., CRIg: a macrophage complement receptor required for phagocytosis of circulating pathogens. Cell. 124(5), 915\u2013927 (2006). Epub 2006\/03\/15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2005.12.039","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"4619_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1590\/s0100-879x2012007500028","volume":"45","author":"CS Bitencourt","year":"2012","unstructured":"C.S. Bitencourt, C.G. Duarte, A.E. Azzolini, A.I. Assis-Pandochi, Alternative complement pathway and factor B activities in rats with altered blood levels of thyroid hormone. Braz J. Med. Biol. Res. 45(3), 216\u2013221 (2012). Epub 2012\/03\/01. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0100-879x2012007500028","journal-title":"Braz J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"4619_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2804","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-1372","volume":"145","author":"CH Shih","year":"2004","unstructured":"C.H. Shih, S.L. Chen, C.C. Yen, Y.H. Huang, C.D. Chen, Y.S. Lee et al., Thyroid hormone receptor-dependent transcriptional regulation of fibrinogen and coagulation proteins. Endocrinology. 145(6), 2804\u20132814 (2004). Epub 2004\/02\/24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2003-1372","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4619_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.06.031","volume":"75","author":"P Ruiz-Blazquez","year":"2021","unstructured":"P. Ruiz-Blazquez, V. Pistorio, M. Fernandez-Fernandez, A. Moles, The multifaceted role of cathepsins in liver disease. J. Hepatol. 75(5), 1192\u20131202 (2021). Epub 2021\/07\/10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.06.031","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"4619_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.05.039","volume":"165","author":"T Zuo","year":"2023","unstructured":"T. Zuo, Q. Xie, J. Liu, J. Yang, J. Shi, D. Kong et al., Macrophage-Derived Cathepsin S Remodels the Extracellular Matrix to Promote Liver Fibrogenesis. Gastroenterology. 165(3), 746\u2013761 (2023). e16. Epub 2023\/06\/02. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.05.039","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"4619_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012002","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1012002","volume":"13","author":"J Gudgeon","year":"2022","unstructured":"J. Gudgeon, J.L. Marin-Rubio, M. Trost, The role of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) in inflammatory disorders and cancer. Front. Immunol. 13, 1012002 (2022). Epub 2022\/11\/04. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1012002","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"4619_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.012","volume":"76","author":"O Govaere","year":"2022","unstructured":"O. Govaere, S.K. Petersen, N. Martinez-Lopez, J. Wouters, Van M. Haele, R.M. Mancina et al., Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 mediates lipid-induced inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Hepatol. 76(5), 1001\u20131012 (2022). Epub 2021\/12\/24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.012","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."}],"container-title":["Endocrine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-026-04619-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12020-026-04619-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12020-026-04619-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:58:41Z","timestamp":1781650721000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12020-026-04619-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-026-04619-2","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2021.100141","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1382-0","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1559-0100"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0100","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}}],"article-number":"159"}}