{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T18:10:57Z","timestamp":1789582257519,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]],"date-time":"2014-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endocr Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-014-9350-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]],"date-time":"2014-12-15T05:40:14Z","timestamp":1418622014000},"page":"27-32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Adrenal Gland:A Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hussam","family":"Abou Al-Shaar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shrouq","family":"Solimanie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman","family":"Azzam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarek","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abu-Zaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"9350_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.5858\/2008-0083-RSR2.1","volume":"134","author":"JA Laurini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laurini JA, and Carter JE. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2010. 134(1): p. 134\u2013141.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"9350_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.5858\/2006-130-1466-GSTROM","volume":"130","author":"M Miettinen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miettinen M, and Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: review on morphology, molecular pathology, prognosis, and differential diagnosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2006. 130(10): p. 1466\u20131478.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"issue":"9669","key":"9350_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60500-6","volume":"373","author":"RP Dematteo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dematteo RP, Ballman KV, Antonescu CR, et al. Adjuvant imatinib mesylate after resection of localised, primary gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 2009. 373(9669): p. 1097\u20131104.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"9350_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v5.i6.102","volume":"5","author":"A Rammohan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rammohan A, Sathyanesan J, Rajendran K, et al. A gist of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A review. World J Gastrointest Oncol, 2013. 5(6): p. 102\u2013112.","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"9350_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.184.3.01840803","volume":"184","author":"K Sandrasegaran","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sandrasegaran K, Rajesh A, Rydberg J, Rushing DA, Akisik FM, and Henley JD. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2005. 184(3): p. 803\u2013811.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"9350_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i1.96","volume":"18","author":"SD Chung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chung SD, Chueh JS, and Yu HJ. Laparoscopic resection of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors presenting as left adrenal tumors. World J Gastroenterol, 2012. 18(1): p. 96\u201398.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"9350_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-010-9406-5","volume":"39","author":"M Sereg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sereg M, Buzog\u00e1ny I, Gonda G, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor presenting as a hormonally inactive adrenal mass. Endocrine, 2011. 39(1): p. 1\u20135.","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"9350_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asija AP, Mejia AV, Prestipino A, and Pillai MV. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Review. Am J Ther, 2013. In press.","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3182a1be76"},{"issue":"10","key":"9350_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2011-0022-RA","volume":"135","author":"DT Patil","year":"2011","unstructured":"Patil DT, and Rubin BP. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: advances in diagnosis and management. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2011. 135(10): p. 1298\u20131310.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"9350_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2010.0116","volume":"8","author":"GD Demetri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Demetri GD, von Mehren M, Antonescu CR, et al. NCCN Task Force report: update on the management of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2010. 8 Suppl 2:S1-41; quiz S42-44","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"9350_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-5-50","volume":"5","author":"K Chandramohan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chandramohan K, Agarwal M, Gurjar G, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour in Meckel\u2019s diverticulum. World J Surg Oncol, 2007. 5: p. 50.","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"9350_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-011-0020-0","volume":"30","author":"S Bano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bano S, Puri SK, Upreti L, Chaudhary V, Sant HK, and Gondal R. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): an imaging perspective. Jpn J Radiol, 2012. 30(2): p. 105\u2013115.","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"9350_CR13","first-page":"595968","volume":"2012","author":"CB Tan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tan CB, Zhi W, Shahzad G, and Mustacchia P. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a review of case reports, diagnosis, treatment, and future directions. ISRN Gastroenterol, 2012. 2012: p. 595968.","journal-title":"ISRN Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"9350_CR14","first-page":"128","volume":"160","author":"P Laperouse","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laperouse P, Raines D, Diamond K, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a case report and review of the literature. J La State Med Soc, 2008. 160(3): p. 128\u2013133; quiz 134.","journal-title":"J La State Med Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"9350_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2009.06.002","volume":"36","author":"P Reichardt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reichardt P, Hogendoorn PC, Tamborini E, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors I: pathology, pathobiology, primary therapy, and surgical issues. Semin Oncol. 2009. 36(4): p. 290\u2013301.","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"issue":"23","key":"9350_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5357","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.14.068","volume":"23","author":"CL Corless","year":"2005","unstructured":"Corless CL, Schroeder A, Griffith D, et al. PDGFRA mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: frequency, spectrum and in vitro sensitivity to imatinib. J Clin Oncol, 2005. 23(23): p. 5357\u20135364.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"18","key":"9350_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3813","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.05.140","volume":"22","author":"CL Corless","year":"2004","unstructured":"Corless CL, Fletcher JA, Heinrich MC. Biology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Clin Oncol, 2004. 22(18): p. 3813\u20133825.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"9350_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-2230","volume":"18","author":"C Miranda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miranda C, Nucifora M, Molinari F, et al. KRAS and BRAF mutations predict primary resistance to imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Clin Cancer Res, 2012. 18(6): p. 1769\u20131776.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"9350_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2013.07.003","volume":"27","author":"CM Barnett","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barnett CM, Corless CL, Heinrich MC. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: molecular markers and genetic subtypes. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 2013. 27(5): p. 871\u2013888.","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"9350_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3182986b88","volume":"37","author":"H K\u00fcnstlinger","year":"2013","unstructured":"K\u00fcnstlinger H, Huss S, Merkelbach-Bruse S, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with KIT exon 9 mutations: Update on genotype-phenotype correlation and validation of a high-resolution melting assay for mutational testing. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013. 37(11): p. 1648\u20131659.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"9350_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200604000-00008","volume":"30","author":"M Miettinen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miettinen M, Makhlouf H, Sobin LH, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the jejunum and ileum: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 906 cases before imatinib with long-term follow-up. Am J Surg Pathol, 2006. 30(4): p. 477\u2013489.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"25","key":"9350_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6190","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.19.554","volume":"23","author":"J Mart\u00edn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn J, Poveda A, Llombart-Bosch A, et al. Deletions affecting codons 557\u2013558 of the c-KIT gene indicate a poor prognosis in patients with completely resected gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a study by the Spanish Group for Sarcoma Research (GEIS). J Clin Oncol, 2005. 23(25): p. 6190\u20136198.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"9350_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700122","volume":"84","author":"J Lasota","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lasota J, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Sobin LH, Miettinen M. A great majority of GISTs with PDGFRA mutations represent gastric tumors of low or no malignant potential. Lab Invest, 2004. 84(7): p. 874\u2013883.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"9350_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000146010.92933.de","volume":"29","author":"M Miettinen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miettinen M, Sobin LH, and Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 1765 cases with long-term follow-up. Am J Surg Pathol, 2005. 29(1): p. 52\u201368.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"8","key":"9350_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.01.030","volume":"42","author":"M Debiec-Rychter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Debiec-Rychter M, Sciot R, Le Cesne A, et al. KIT mutations and dose selection for imatinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Eur J Cancer, 2006. 42(8): p. 1093\u20131103.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"9350_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.13.4452","volume":"26","author":"CD Blanke","year":"2008","unstructured":"Blanke CD, Rankin C, Demetri GD, et al. Phase III randomized, intergroup trial assessing imatinib mesylate at two dose levels in patients with unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors expressing the kit receptor tyrosine kinase: S0033. J Clin Oncol, 2008. 26(4): p. 626\u2013632.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"9440","key":"9350_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17098-0","volume":"364","author":"J Verweij","year":"2004","unstructured":"Verweij J, Casali PG, Zalcberg J, et al. Progression-free survival in gastrointestinal stromal tumours with high-dose imatinib: randomised trial. Lancet, 2004. 364(9440): p. 1127\u20131134.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"33","key":"9350_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5360","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.4284","volume":"26","author":"MC Heinrich","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heinrich MC, Owzar K, Corless CL, et al. Correlation of kinase genotype and clinical outcome in the North American Intergroup Phase III Trial of imatinib mesylate for treatment of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor: CALGB 150105 Study by Cancer and Leukemia Group B and Southwest Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol, 2008. 26(33): p. 5360\u20135367.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"9350_CR29","first-page":"121","volume":"15","author":"S Ulusan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ulusan S, and Koc Z. Radiologic findings in malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Diagn Interv Radiol, 2009. 15(2): p. 121\u2013126.","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"9350_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.4.1830893","volume":"183","author":"HC Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim HC, Lee JM, Kim KW, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach: CT findings and prediction of malignancy. AJR, 2004. 183(4): p. 893\u2013898.","journal-title":"AJR"},{"issue":"2","key":"9350_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2262011880","volume":"226","author":"GJ Burkill","year":"2003","unstructured":"Burkill GJ, Badran M, Al-Muderis O, et al. Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor: distribution, imaging features, and pattern of metastatic spread. Radiology, 2003. 226(2): p. 527\u2013532.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9350_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.180.1.1800185","volume":"180","author":"T Nishida","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nishida T, Kumano S, Sugiura T, et al. Multidetector CT of high risk patients with occult gastro intestinal stromal tumors. AJR, 2003. 180(1): p. 185\u2013189.","journal-title":"AJR"},{"issue":"6","key":"9350_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.182.6.1821463","volume":"182","author":"HC Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim HC, Lee JM, Kim SH, et al. Primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the omentum and mesentery: CT findings and pathologic correlations. AJR, 2004. 182(6): p. 1463\u20131467.","journal-title":"AJR"},{"issue":"6","key":"9350_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.6.01831619","volume":"183","author":"H Choi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Choi H, Charnsangavej C, de Castro Faria S, et al. CT evaluation of the response of gastrointestinal stromal tumors after imatinib mesylate treatment: a quantitative analysis correlated with FDG PET findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2004.183(6): p. 1619\u20131628.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"9350_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.123545","volume":"33","author":"CD Fletcher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fletcher CD, Berman JJ, Corless C, et al. Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A consensus approach. Hum Pathol, 2002. 33(5): p. 459\u2013465.","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"9350_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001","volume":"23","author":"M Miettinen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miettinen M, and Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: pathology and prognosis at different sites. Semin Diagn Pathol, 2006. 23(2): p. 70\u201383.","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"9350_CR37","first-page":"8118","volume":"61","author":"BP Rubin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rubin BP, Singer S, Tsao C, et al. KIT activation is a ubiquitous feature of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer Res, 2001. 61: p. 8118\u20138121.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"9350_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2007.68","volume":"143","author":"SL Showalter","year":"2008","unstructured":"Showalter SL, Lloyd JM, Glassman DT, and Berger AC. Extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the pancreas: case report and a review of the literature. Arch Surg, 2008. 143(3): p. 305\u2013308.","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"9350_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2009.02.019","volume":"113","author":"W Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang W, Peng Z, and Xu L. Extragastrointestinal stromal tumor arising in the rectovaginal septum: report of an unusual case with literature review. Gynecol Oncol, 2009. 113(3): p. 399\u2013401.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"24","key":"9350_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7510","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-0190","volume":"15","author":"AW Gramza","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gramza AW, Corless CL, and Heinrich MC. Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Clinical Cancer Research, 2009. 15(24): p. 7510\u20137518.","journal-title":"Clinical Cancer Research"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9350_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-010-1513-8","volume":"67","author":"WL Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang WL, Conley A, Reynoso D, et al. Mechanisms of resistance to imatinib and sunitinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 2011. 67 (Suppl 1):S15\u2013S24.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"issue":"9574","key":"9350_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60780-6","volume":"369","author":"BP Rubin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rubin BP, Heinrich MC, and Corless CL. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour. Lancet, 2007. 369(9574): p. 1731\u20131741.","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12022-014-9350-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12022-014-9350-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12022-014-9350-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]],"date-time":"2022-04-24T11:24:51Z","timestamp":1650799491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12022-014-9350-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12022-014-9350-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-3976","1559-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-3976","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]]}}}