{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:17:54Z","timestamp":1790075874633,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forensic Sci Med Pathol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac ventricular dimensions measured at postmortem examination are used to assess whether there is hypertrophy of the heart chambers. However, there is no clear consensus on where these measurements should be taken. Some have proposed this should be measured at the mid-ventricular level, but others advocate it should be measured at a set distance (e.g. 20\u00a0mm) from the base of the heart. Twenty consecutive adult hearts were examined and showed the ventricular dimensions were significantly higher (mean: 5\u201315\u00a0mm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) when measured at a level 20\u00a0mm from the base of the heart compared to the mid-ventricular level. Of clinical significance is that in slightly less than half the cases, normal ventricular dimensions at mid ventricle level fell within the criteria considered pathological (&gt;\u200940\u00a0mm) when measured at 20\u00a0mm from the base of the heart. In terms of actual ventricular dimensions, only the left ventricle diameter measured at 20\u00a0mm from the base of the heart correlated significantly (albeit moderately) with heart weight, suggesting it can be a predictor for cardiac hypertrophy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-023-00579-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T15:21:38Z","timestamp":1674832898000},"page":"479-483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Significant difference in cardiac ventricular dimensions when measured using two different standard methods"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jack","family":"Garland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Olumbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1388-9537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rexson","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"579_CR1","volume-title":"Forensic Pathology","author":"D Dolinak","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dolinak D, Matshes E, Lew E. Forensic Pathology. Murlington MA: Elsevier. 2005."},{"key":"579_CR2","volume-title":"Knight's Forensic Pathology","author":"P Saukko","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saukko P, Knight B. Knight\u2019s Forensic Pathology. 4th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. 2016.","edition":"4"},{"key":"579_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-017-2221-0","author":"C Basso","year":"2017","unstructured":"Basso C, Aguilera B, Banner J, Cohle S, d\u2019Amati G, de Gouveia RH, et al. Guidelines for autopsy investigation of sudden cardiac death: 2017 update from the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology. Virchows Arch Int J Pathol. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00428-017-2221-0.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch Int J Pathol"},{"key":"579_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-021-03038-0","author":"C Basso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Basso C, Michaud K, D\u2019Amati G, Banner J, Lucena J, Cunningham K, et al. Cardiac hypertrophy at autopsy. Virchows Arch. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00428-021-03038-0.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"issue":"2","key":"579_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.43.77","volume":"43","author":"SK Dadgar","year":"1979","unstructured":"Dadgar SK, Tyagi SP, Singh RP, Hameed S. Factors influencing the normal heart weight\u2013a study of 140 hearts. Jpn Circ J. 1979;43(2):77\u201382.","journal-title":"Jpn Circ J"},{"issue":"3","key":"579_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-197903000-00011","volume":"36","author":"GI Tanaka","year":"1979","unstructured":"Tanaka GI, Kawamura H, Nakahara Y. Reference Japanese man-I. Mass of organs and other characteristics of normal Japanese. Health Phys. 1979;36(3):333\u201346.","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"579_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2009.07.012","volume":"17","author":"A Sheikhazadi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sheikhazadi A, Sadr SS, Ghadyani MH, Taheri SK, Manouchehri AA, Nazparvar B, et al. Study of the normal internal organ weights in Tehran\u2019s population. J Forensic Leg Med. 2010;17(2):78\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2009.07.012.","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"579_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S1344-6223(99)80017-0","volume":"1","author":"M Hitosugi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hitosugi M, Takatsu A, Kinugasa Y, Takao H. Estimation of normal heart weight in Japanese subjects: development of a simplified normal heart weight scale. Leg Med (Tokyo). 1999;1(2):80\u20135.","journal-title":"Leg Med (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"3","key":"579_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000403","volume":"39","author":"W Philcox","year":"2018","unstructured":"Philcox W, Garland J, Zaidi F, Morrow P, Kesha K, Stables S, et al. Higher heart weight in New Zealand Maori and Pacific Islanders. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2018;39(3):208\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000403.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"579_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)64946-5","volume":"63","author":"DW Kitzman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kitzman DW, Scholz DG, Hagen PT, Ilstrup DM, Edwards WD. Age-related changes in normal human hearts during the first 10 decades of life. Part II (Maturity): a quantitative anatomic study of 765 specimens from subjects 20 to 99 years old. Mayo Clin Proc. 1988;63(2):137\u201346.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"4","key":"579_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e31823d298b","volume":"33","author":"DK Molina","year":"2012","unstructured":"Molina DK, DiMaio VJ. Normal organ weights in men: part I-the heart. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2012;33(4):362\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAF.0b013e31823d298b.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"579_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/paf.0000000000000174","volume":"36","author":"DK Molina","year":"2015","unstructured":"Molina DK, DiMaio VJ. Normal organ weights in women: part I-the heart. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2015;36(3):176\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/paf.0000000000000174.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"579_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-013-0958-9","volume":"128","author":"J Vanhaebost","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vanhaebost J, Faouzi M, Mangin P, Michaud K. New reference tables and user-friendly internet application for predicted heart weights. Int J Legal Med. 2014;128(4):615\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-013-0958-9.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"579_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.04.036","volume":"252","author":"CJ Wingren","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wingren CJ, Ottosson A. Postmortem heart weight modelled using piecewise linear regression in 27,645 medicolegal autopsy cases. Forensic Sci Int. 2015;252:157\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.04.036.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"579_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12117","volume":"58","author":"V Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee V, Byard RW. Variation in methods of cardiac dissection\u2013a potential confounder in measuring cardiac weight at autopsy. J Forensic Sci. 2013;58(3):811\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.12117.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"579_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14451","volume":"65","author":"N Loper","year":"2020","unstructured":"Loper N, Garland J, Ondruschka B, Glenn C, Kesha K, Stables S, et al. Significant differences in postmortem heart weight before and after dissection using the short-axis dissecting method. J Forensic Sci. 2020;65(5):1563\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.14451.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"579_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14858","author":"J Garland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Garland J, Kesha K, Glenn C, Morrow P, Stables S, Ondruschka B, et al. The effects of drying the rinsed dissected heart on postmortem heart weight. J Forensic Sci. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.14858.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"579_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheppard MN. Practical cardiovascular pathology. 2nd Edition ed. London: Hodder Arnold. 2011.","DOI":"10.1201\/b13327"}],"container-title":["Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00579-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00579-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00579-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T22:18:39Z","timestamp":1703715519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00579-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["579"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00579-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-2891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-2891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 January 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2023","order":3,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":4,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Missing Open Access funding information has been added in the Funding Note.","order":5,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Forensic and Scientific Services Human Ethics Committee (FSS-HEC, HEC 22\u201320).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}