{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T13:08:06Z","timestamp":1740143286421,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":222,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forensic Sci Med Pathol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-023-00649-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T04:12:49Z","timestamp":1686111169000},"page":"335-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prediction of exophthalmos by body mass index for craniofacial reconstruction: consequences for cold cases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7056-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A.","family":"Watke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Abetesola EO. Ultrasonographic Measurements Of Ocular Volume In Nigerian Adults In Osogbo, Nigeria. RADIOLOGY [Preprint]. 2017. Available at: https:\/\/dissertation.npmcn.edu.ng\/index.php\/FMCR\/article\/view\/1744. (Accessed: 30 Oct 2021).","key":"649_CR1"},{"unstructured":"Abubakar S, et al. Sonographic Measurement Of Normal Ocular Volume Among Healthy Adults In Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. undefined [Preprint]. 2016. Available at: https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Sonographic-Measurement-Of-Normal-Ocular-Volume-In-Abubakar-Suwaid\/5b5c2d886741d29ceca6d25d1b50e6262f8a86bd. (Accessed: 3 Oct 2021).","key":"649_CR2"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181a1686d","volume":"20","author":"N Acer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Acer N, Sahin B, et al. Stereological estimation of the orbital volume: a criterion standard study. J Craniofacial Surg. 2009;20(3):921\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181a1686d.","journal-title":"J Craniofacial Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181843518","volume":"20","author":"N Acer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Acer N, Bunyamin B, et al. Unbiased estimation of the eyeball volume using the cavalieri principle on computed tomography images. J Craniofacial Surg. 2009;20(1):233\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181843518.","journal-title":"J Craniofacial Surg"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Acer N, et al. Estimation of the eyeball and orbital volume using the cavalieri principle on computed tomography images.\u00a0Trakya Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Dergisi - TRAK UNIV TIP FAK DERG. 2010;28. Available at:\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5174\/tutfd.2010.03473.3.","key":"649_CR5","DOI":"10.5174\/tutfd.2010.03473.3"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1177\/112067219800800408","volume":"8","author":"JP Adenis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Adenis JP, et al. Treatment of proptosis with fat removal orbital decompression in graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Eur J Ophthalmol. 1998;8(4):246\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/112067219800800408.","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"649_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e318057528a","volume":"16","author":"A Akinci","year":"2007","unstructured":"Akinci A, et al. Relationship between intraocular pressure and obesity in children. J Glaucoma. 2007;16(7):627\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IJG.0b013e318057528a.","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181ef72b3","volume":"27","author":"AH Alsuhaibani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alsuhaibani AH, et al. Orbital volume and eye position changes after balanced orbital decompression. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;27(3):158\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181ef72b3.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-51-6-1232","volume":"51","author":"N Amino","year":"1980","unstructured":"Amino N, et al. Exophthalmos in autoimmune thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1980;51(6):1232\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem-51-6-1232.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.003","volume":"46","author":"P Andrades","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andrades P, et al. Characterization of the orbital volume in normal population. J Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surg Official Publ Eur Assoc Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surg. 2018;46(4):594\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.003.","journal-title":"J Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surg Official Publ Eur Assoc Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.02.165","volume":"396","author":"P Arner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arner P, Spalding KL. Fat cell turnover in humans. Biochemi Biophys Res Commun. 2010;396(1):101\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.02.165.","journal-title":"Biochemi Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2007.01152.x","volume":"86","author":"PA Athanasiov","year":"2008","unstructured":"Athanasiov PA, Prabhakaran VC, Selva D. Non-traumatic enophthalmos: a review. Acta Ophthalmologica. 2008;86(4):356\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2007.01152.x.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmologica"},{"unstructured":"Atobatele MO. Sonographic determination of ocular volume among adults at the university of ilorin teaching hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.\u00a0Radiology [Preprint]. 2014. Available at: https:\/\/dissertation.npmcn.edu.ng\/index.php\/FMCR\/article\/view\/1696. (Accessed: 3 Oct 2021).","key":"649_CR13"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Surekha B, et al. Assessment of normal occular volume using magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Contemp Med Surg Radiol. 2020;5(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21276\/ijcmsr.2020.5.1.59.","key":"649_CR14","DOI":"10.21276\/ijcmsr.2020.5.1.59"},{"issue":"61","key":"649_CR15","first-page":"101","volume":"16","author":"A Bagheri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bagheri A, Ferdousi AA, Behtash F. Normal exophthalmometry range in Kashan city. J Guilan Univ Med Sci. 2007;16(61):101\u20136.","journal-title":"J Guilan Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12799","volume":"60","author":"LJ Baillie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baillie LJ, et al. Ancestry and BMI influences on facial soft tissue depths for a cohort of chinese and caucasoid women in Dunedin. New Zealand J Forensic Sci. 2015;60(5):1146\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.12799.","journal-title":"New Zealand. J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-006-1342-7","volume":"103","author":"E Bal\u00e1zs","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bal\u00e1zs E, et al. Erfahrungen mit transpalpebraler orbitaler Lipektomie. Der Ophthalmologe. 2006;103(6):517\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00347-006-1342-7.","journal-title":"Der Ophthalmologe"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1001\/archfacial.2007.20","volume":"10","author":"JE Barrera","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barrera JE, Most SP. Volumetric imaging of the malar fat pad and implications for facial plastic surgery. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2008;10(2):140\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archfacial.2007.20.","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"7 Pt 1","key":"649_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199907000-00007","volume":"109","author":"RL Barretto","year":"1999","unstructured":"Barretto RL, Mathog RH. Orbital measurement in black and white populations. Laryngoscope. 1999;109(7 Pt 1):1051\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005537-199907000-00007.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/20961790.2018.1549527","volume":"4","author":"EJ Bartelink","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bartelink EJ, Chesson LA. Recent applications of isotope analysis to forensic anthropology. Forensic Sci Res. 2019;4(1):29\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20961790.2018.1549527.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210801800201","volume":"18","author":"U Beden","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beden U, et al. Exophthalmometry values of Turkish adult population and the effect of age, sex, refractive status, and Hertel base values on Hertel readings. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2008;18(2):165\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/112067210801800201.","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.96.4.0742","volume":"96","author":"RP Bentley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bentley RP, et al. Normal changes in orbital volume during childhood. J Neurosurg. 2002;96(4):742\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.2002.96.4.0742.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2006.0279","volume":"17","author":"H Bilen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bilen H, Gullulu G, Akcay G. Exophthalmometric values in a normal Turkish population living in the northeastern part of Turkey. Thyroid. 2007;17(6):525\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2006.0279.","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"unstructured":"Billah A-M. An anatomical study of orbital dimensions and its utility in orbital reconstructive surgery.\u00a0Onkol Radioter.\u00a02021;9","key":"649_CR24"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198504000-00009","volume":"75","author":"U Bite","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bite U, et al. Orbital volume measurements in enophthalmos using three-dimensional CT imaging. PlasT Reconstr Surg. 1985;75(4):502\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006534-198504000-00009.","journal-title":"PlasT Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR26","first-page":"341","volume":"51","author":"B Gil","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gil B, de Montes F, et al. \u2018Exophthalmometry in Mexican adults\u2019, Revista De Investigacion Clinica. Organo Del Hospital De Enfermedades De La Nutricion. 1999;51(6):341\u20133.","journal-title":"Organo Del Hospital De Enfermedades De La Nutricion"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2019.56","volume":"63","author":"G Bontzos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bontzos G, et al. Quantification of effective orbital volume and its association with axial length of the eye. A 3D-MRI study. Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2019;63(4):360\u20136.","journal-title":"Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"649_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_546_21","volume":"69","author":"DK Boruah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boruah DK, et al. Normative magnetic resonance imaging measurements of orbital structures in pediatric population of North-Eastern India: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021;69(8):2099\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_546_21.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"649_CR29","volume-title":"Wolff\u2019s anatomy of the eye and orbit","author":"AJ Bron","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bron AJ, et al. Wolff\u2019s anatomy of the eye and orbit. 8th ed. London Weinheim: Chapman & Hall Medical; 1997.","edition":"8"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-83-6-835_2","volume":"83","author":"RD Brown","year":"1975","unstructured":"Brown RD, Douglas J. Exophthalmometry of blacks. Ann Intern Med. 1975;83(6):835\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-83-6-835_2.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"649_CR31","first-page":"724","volume":"14","author":"RE Carlson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Carlson RE, et al. Exophthalmos, global luxation, rapid weight gain: differential diagnosis. Ann Ophthalmol. 1982;14(8):724\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"649_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S302154","volume":"15","author":"NK Challa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Challa NK, Alghamdi WM. Normal ocular protrusion values in south indian population and effect of age, gender and refractive status on ocular protrusion. Clin Ophthalmol\u00a0(Auckland, NZ). 2021;15:1445\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OPTH.S302154.","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol\u00a0(Auckland, N.Z.)"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2009.02087.x","volume":"37","author":"W Chan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chan W, et al. Exophthalmometric values and their biometric correlates: The Kandy eye study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2009;37(5):496\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2009.02087.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-012-2195-1","volume":"251","author":"M Chang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chang M, Baek S, Lee TS. Long-term outcomes of unilateral orbital fat decompression for thyroid eye disease. Graefe\u2019s Archi Clini Exp Ophthalmol. 2013;251(3):935\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-012-2195-1.","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Archi Clini Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"649_CR35","first-page":"47","volume":"19","author":"M Charpy","year":"1909","unstructured":"Charpy M. Le coussinet adipeux du sourcil. Bibliographie anatomique. 1909;19:47\u201352.","journal-title":"Bibliographie anatomique"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.2003.00159.x","volume":"24","author":"A Chau","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chau A, et al. Is eye size related to orbit size in human subjects? Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2004;24(1):35\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1475-1313.2003.00159.x.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2004.10.004","volume":"11","author":"A Chau","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chau A, Fung K, Yap M. Evaluation of the accuracy of volume determination on the orbit and eyeball using MRI. Radiography. 2005;11(1):35\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radi.2004.10.004.","journal-title":"Radiography"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR38","first-page":"222","volume":"42","author":"Z Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen Z, et al. Study on the growth of orbital volume in individuals at different ages by computed tomography. [Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi] Chin J Ophthalmol. 2006;42(3):222\u20135.","journal-title":"[Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi] Chin J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309888","volume":"102","author":"AM Cheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheng AM, et al. Long-term outcomes of orbital fat decompression in Graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018;102(1):69\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309888.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"649_CR40","first-page":"595","volume":"63","author":"T Cheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng T, et al. Normative exophthalmometry values in Hispanic individuals. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2022;63(7):595-A0296.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"47","key":"649_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17993","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000017993","volume":"98","author":"JJC Cheung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheung JJC, et al. Exophthalmometry values in the Hong Kong Chinese adult population from a population-based study. Medicine. 2019;98(47):e17993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000017993.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000006311","volume":"31","author":"JA Ching","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ching JA, Ford JM, Decker SJ. Aging of the adult bony orbit. J Craniofacial Surg. 2020;31(4):1082\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0000000000006311.","journal-title":"J Craniofacial Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3341\/jkos.2015.56.2.168","volume":"56","author":"JH Choi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Choi JH, et al. Measurement of orbital volume from facial ct scans using a semi-automatic computer program. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc. 2015;56(2):168\u201373.","journal-title":"J Korean Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3341\/jkos.2019.60.3.210","volume":"60","author":"J Chung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chung J, et al. Semi-automatic measurement of ocular volume from facial computed tomography and correlation with axial length. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc. 2019;60(3):210\u20136.","journal-title":"J Korean Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181839262","volume":"107","author":"SR Clendenen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Clendenen SR, Kostick DA. Ocular globe luxation under general anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2008;107(5):1630\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181839262.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199709000-00005","volume":"13","author":"HP Cole","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cole HP, et al. Exophthalmometry: a comparative study of the Naugle and Hertel instruments. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1997;13(3):189\u201394.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1177\/197140091302600402","volume":"26","author":"M Comerci","year":"2013","unstructured":"Comerci M, et al. Semiautomatic regional segmentation to measure orbital fat volumes in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Neuroradiol J. 2013;26(4):373\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuroradiol J"},{"key":"649_CR48","first-page":"546","volume":"83","author":"WC Cooper","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cooper WC. A method for volume determination of the orbit and its contents by high resolution axial tomography and quantitative digital image analysis. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1985;83:546\u2013609.","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-009-9085-9","volume":"5","author":"S De Greef","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Greef S, et al. The influence of sex, age and body mass index on facial soft tissue depths. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2009;5(2):60\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12024-009-9085-9.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3109\/01676831003664319","volume":"29","author":"ET Detorakis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Detorakis ET, et al. Effective orbital volume and eyeball position: An MRI study. Orbit. 2010;29(5):244\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/01676831003664319.","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"issue":"8","key":"649_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1007\/s002380000201","volume":"23","author":"M Deveci","year":"2000","unstructured":"Deveci M, et al. Comparison of pre- and postoperative orbital volume using three dimensional CT imaging in zygoma fracture patients. Eur J Plast Surg. 2000;23(8):432\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002380000201.","journal-title":"Eur J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3182392f05","volume":"28","author":"JM Dijkstal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dijkstal JM, et al. Normal exophthalmometry measurements in a United States pediatric population. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;28(1):54\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3182392f05.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"649_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S111915","volume":"10","author":"VA Dohvoma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dohvoma VA, et al. Correlation between Hertel exophthalmometric value and refraction in young Cameroonian adults aged 20 to 40 years. Clin Ophthalmol\u00a0(Auckland, NZ). 2016;10:1447\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OPTH.S111915.","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol\u00a0(Auckland, N.Z.)"},{"unstructured":"Dorfling HF. Aspects of facial features in a South African sample as applicable for facial approximations. Dissertation. University of Pretoria. 2017. Available at: https:\/\/repository.up.ac.za\/handle\/2263\/65869. (Accessed: 17 Sep 2021).","key":"649_CR54"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.20471\/acc.2017.56.01.04","volume":"56","author":"I \u0110ori\u0107","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u0110ori\u0107 I, et al. The value of multidetector computed tomography of orbits in globe protrusion in comparison to hertel exophthalmometry. Acta Clin Croat. 2017;56(1):21\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20471\/acc.2017.56.01.04.","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croat"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1950.00910020112007","volume":"44","author":"EP Drescher","year":"1950","unstructured":"Drescher EP, Benedict WL. Asymmetric exophthalmos. Arch Ophthalmol. 1950;44(1):109\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.1950.00910020112007.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Du Y, et al.\u00a0Measurement of the orbital soft tissue volume in Chinese adults based on three-dimensional CT reconstruction.\u00a0J Ophthalmol. 2019;9721085.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/9721085.","key":"649_CR57","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9721085"},{"issue":"7","key":"649_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199207000-00009","volume":"69","author":"IL Dunsky","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dunsky IL. Normative data for hertel exophthalmometry in a normal adult black population. Optom Vis Sci. 1992;69(7):562\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006324-199207000-00009.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"649_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15406\/jcpcr.2016.06.00215","volume":"6","author":"S Elkhamary","year":"2016","unstructured":"Elkhamary S, et al. Measurement of bony orbital volume with computed tomography (CT) in healthy eyes of Saudi children. Cancer Prev Res. 2016;6:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15406\/jcpcr.2016.06.00215.","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"649_CR60","first-page":"662","volume":"44","author":"MH Erb","year":"2003","unstructured":"Erb MH, et al. Exophthalmometry measurements in Asians. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44(13):662.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2015.2313","volume":"9","author":"MF Erko\u00e7","year":"2015","unstructured":"Erko\u00e7 MF, et al. Exploration of orbital and orbital soft-tissue volume changes with gender and body parameters using magnetic resonance imaging. Exp Ther Med. 2015;9(5):1991\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2015.2313.","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"649_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.08.002","volume":"279","author":"JP Fancher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fancher JP, et al. An evaluation of soil chemistry in human cadaver decomposition islands: Potential for estimating postmortem interval (PMI). Forensic Sci Int. 2017;279:130\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.08.002.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR63","first-page":"161","volume":"5","author":"H Farzad","year":"2003","unstructured":"Farzad H, et al. Determination of the normal exophthalmometric values in Tehran population\/Iran. ISMJ. 2003;5(2):161\u20136.","journal-title":"ISMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1985.01050020065021","volume":"103","author":"SE Feldon","year":"1985","unstructured":"Feldon SE. Quantitative computed tomography of graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy: extraocular muscle and orbital fat in development of optic neuropathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1985;103(2):213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.1985.01050020065021.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"unstructured":"Feng F, et al.\u00a0Analysis of the related factors of orbital fat volume in healthy person. J Pract Radiol. 2018;847\u2013849,904","key":"649_CR65"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1590\/S0041-87812002000500005","volume":"57","author":"MC Ferreira","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ferreira MC, et al. Surgical treatment of endocrine exophthalmos by removal of orbital fat: clinical experience. Rev Hospital Cl\u00edn. 2002;57(5):217\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0041-87812002000500005.","journal-title":"Rev Hospital Cl\u00edn"},{"unstructured":"Fetouh F. Morphometric analysis of the orbit in adult Egyptian skulls and its surgical relevance. Eur J Anat\u00a0[Preprint]. 2014.","key":"649_CR67"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fichter N, Guthoff RF. Results after en bloc lateral wall decompression surgery with orbital fat resection in 111 patients with graves\u2019 orbitopathy.\u00a0Int J Endocrinol. 2015;e860849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/860849.","key":"649_CR68","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/860849"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06958.x","volume":"64","author":"HC Fledelius","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fledelius HC, Stubgaard M. Changes in eye position during growth and adult life: as based on exophthalmometry, interpupillary distance, and orbital distance measurements. Acta Ophthalmol. 2009;64(5):481\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06958.x.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR70","first-page":"737","volume":"4","author":"G Forbes","year":"1983","unstructured":"Forbes G, et al. Computer analysis of orbital fat and muscle volumes in Graves ophthalmopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1983;4(3):737\u201340.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.145.1.149","volume":"145","author":"G Forbes","year":"1985","unstructured":"Forbes G, et al. Volume measurements of normal orbital structures by computed tomographic analysis. Am J Roentgenol. 1985;145(1):149\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.145.1.149.","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR72","first-page":"651","volume":"7","author":"G Forbes","year":"1986","unstructured":"Forbes G, et al. Ophthalmopathy of Graves\u2019 disease: computerized volume measurements of the orbital fat and muscle. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1986;7(4):651\u20136.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-5155(01)00419-1","volume":"45","author":"M Furuta","year":"2001","unstructured":"Furuta M. Measurement of orbital volume by computed tomography especially on the growth of the orbit. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2001;45(6):600\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0021-5155(01)00419-1.","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2211010017","volume":"221","author":"P Galluzzi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Galluzzi P, et al. Coats disease: Smaller volume of the affected globe. Radiology. 2001;221(1):64\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2211010017.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20970","volume":"45","author":"JL Gaudiani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gaudiani JL, et al. Ophthalmic changes in severe anorexia nervosa: A case series. Int J Eating Disord. 2012;45(5):719\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.20970.","journal-title":"Int J Eating Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22475","volume":"49","author":"JL Gaudiani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gaudiani JL, Mehler PS. Rare medical manifestations of severe restricting and purging: \u201cZebras\u201d, missed diagnoses, and best practices: Rare medical complictions of eating disorders. Int J Eating Disord. 2016;49(3):331\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.22475.","journal-title":"Int J Eating Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(72)80303-2","volume":"81","author":"FR Gerber","year":"1972","unstructured":"Gerber FR, Taylor FH, Kenny FM. Normal standards for exophthalmometry in children 10 to 14 years of age: relation to age, height, weight, and sexual maturation. J Pediatr. 1972;81(2):3.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015151104","volume":"279","author":"CM Gill","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gill CM, et al. Fat attenuation at CT in anorexia nervosa. Radiology. 2016;279(1):151\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2015151104.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2012.02075.x","volume":"57","author":"Guyomarc\u2019h, P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guyomarc\u2019h, P, et al. Anatomical placement of the human eyeball in the orbit-validation using ct scans of living adults and prediction for facial approximation: anatomical placement of the human eyeball. J Forensic Sci. 2012;57(5):1271\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2012.02075.x.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00918844","volume":"231","author":"A Haas","year":"1993","unstructured":"Haas A, et al. Fetal development of the human orbit. Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1993;231(4):217\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00918844.","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-199106000-00009","volume":"12","author":"WD Haglund","year":"1991","unstructured":"Haglund WD, Reay DT. Use of facial approximation techniques in identification of Green River serial murder victims. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1991;12(2):132\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000433-199106000-00009.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-199003000-00004","volume":"11","author":"WD Haglund","year":"1990","unstructured":"Haglund WD, Reichert DG, Reay DT. Recovery of decomposed and skeletal human remains in the \u201cGreen River Murder\u201d investigation. Implications for medical examiner\/coroner and police. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1990;11(1):35\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000433-199003000-00004.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00342674","volume":"26","author":"FJ Hahn","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hahn FJ, Chu W-K. Ocular volume measured by CT scans. Neuroradiology. 1984;26(6):419\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00342674.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.06.009","volume":"52","author":"M Hamedani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hamedani M, Pournaras J-AC, Goldblum D. Diagnosis and management of enophthalmos. Surv Ophthalmol. 2007;52(5):457\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.06.009.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001670","volume":"36","author":"CJ Heisel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heisel CJ, et al. Normative exophthalmometry measurements vary among ethiopian adults and the major ethiopian ethnic groups. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;36(6):601\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001670.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Heymsfield SB, et al. Adult human ocular volume: Scaling to body size and composition.\u00a0Anat Physiol.\u00a02016;6(5).\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2161-0940.1000239.","key":"649_CR86","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0940.1000239"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0265324","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265324","volume":"17","author":"KV Hierl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hierl KV, et al. 3-D cephalometry of the the orbit regarding endocrine orbitopathy, exophthalmos, and sex. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(3):e0265324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0265324.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"649_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32099-2","volume":"98","author":"HL Hudson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hudson HL, Levin L, Feldon SE. Graves exophthalmos unrelated to extraocular muscle enlargement: Superior rectus muscle inflammation may induce venous obstruction. Ophthalmology. 1991;98(10):1495\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0161-6420(91)32099-2.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.4103\/2384-5147.136817","volume":"1","author":"P Ibinaiye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ibinaiye P, Maduforo Co, Chinda D. Estimation of the eyeball volume on magnetic resonance images in Zaria,\u00a0Nigeria. Sub-Saharan Afr J Med. 2014;1(2):82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2384-5147.136817.","journal-title":"Sub-Saharan Afr J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.4103\/2384-5589.134895","volume":"12","author":"WA Ibraheem","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ibraheem WA, Ibraheem AB, Bekibele CO. The relationship between exophthalmometric values, palpebral dimensions, and height, body weight\/mass index: The Ido eye study. Afr J Med Health Sci. 2013;12(2):72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2384-5589.134895.","journal-title":"Afr J Med Health Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.113453","volume":"16","author":"BO Igbinedion","year":"2013","unstructured":"Igbinedion BO, Ogbeide OU. Measurement of normal ocular volume by the use of computed tomography. Niger J Clin Pract. 2013;16(3):315\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1119-3077.113453.","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1537\/ase.180922","volume":"126","author":"T Ito","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ito T, et al. Computed tomography examinations of the surface and internal morphologies of the upper face in Ryukyu Islanders and mainland Japanese population. Anthropol Sci. 2018;126(3):123\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1537\/ase.180922.","journal-title":"Anthropol Sci"},{"unstructured":"Ivekovi R, et al. Full-thickeness anterior blepharotomy and transpalpebral fat decompression in graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Coll Antropol. 2005;4.","key":"649_CR93"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2015.11.005","volume":"30","author":"D Jarusaitiene","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jarusaitiene D, et al. Exophthalmometry value distribution in healthy Lithuanian children and adolescents. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2016;30(2):92\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sjopt.2015.11.005.","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10, Supplement","key":"649_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.092","volume":"79","author":"J Jeong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jeong J, et al. What is the orbital volume of African-Americans? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021;79(10, Supplement):e66\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2021.08.092.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2010.01286.x","volume":"217","author":"Y Ji","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ji Y, et al. Quantitative morphometry of the orbit in Chinese adults based on a three-dimensional reconstruction method. J Anat. 2010;217(5):501\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2010.01286.x.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"12","key":"649_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2018.1510013","volume":"43","author":"Y Ji","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ji Y, et al. Measurement of intra-orbital structures in normal Chinese adults based on a three-dimensional coordinate system. Curr Eye Res. 2018;43(12):1477\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2018.1510013.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jong Mi L, et al. The volumetric change of orbital fat with age in Asians.\u00a0Ann Plast Surg.\u00a02011;66(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181e6d052.","key":"649_CR98","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181e6d052"},{"issue":"9","key":"649_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1980.00330200106028","volume":"140","author":"E de Juan","year":"1980","unstructured":"de Juan E. Racial differences in normal values of proptosis. Arch Intern Med. 1980;140(9):1230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.1980.00330200106028.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31824c86e7","volume":"28","author":"SB Jyothi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jyothi SB, Seddon J, Vize CJ. Entropion-ectropion: The influence of axial globe length on lower eyelid malposition. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;28(3):199\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31824c86e7.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asj.2008.02.007","volume":"28","author":"DM Kahn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kahn DM, Shaw RB Jr. Aging of the bony orbit: A three-dimensional computed tomographic study. Aesthet Surg J. 2008;28(3):258\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asj.2008.02.007.","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2019-0450","volume":"33","author":"M Karaoglan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karaoglan M, et al. The trade-off between the olfactory bulb and eyeball volume in precocious puberty. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2020;33(2):271\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2019-0450.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101509010113","volume":"9","author":"O Karti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karti O, et al. The effect of age, gender, refractive status and axial length on the measurements of hertel exophthalmometry. Open Ophthalmol J. 2015;9(1):113\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874364101509010113.","journal-title":"Open Ophthalmol J"},{"issue":"10","key":"649_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181890dc7","volume":"85","author":"MB Kashkouli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kashkouli MB, et al. Normal values of hertel exophthalmometry in children, teenagers, and adults from Tehran. Iran Optom Vis Sci. 2008;85(10):1012\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181890dc7.","journal-title":"Iran. Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.32322\/jhsm.1086913","volume":"5","author":"M Kaya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaya M, G\u00fcr\u00fcn E, Akdulum \u0130. Measurement of 0 to 2 age normal eyeball volume by the use of multidetector computed tomography. J Health Sci Med. 2022;5(3):826\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32322\/jhsm.1086913.","journal-title":"J Health Sci Med"},{"issue":"48","key":"649_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3624","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2020\/796","volume":"9","author":"MJ Khwaja","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khwaja MJ, et al. Morphometric assessment of orbit in human skull. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2020;9(48):3624\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14260\/jemds\/2020\/796.","journal-title":"J Evol Med Dent Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1159\/000050850","volume":"215","author":"IT Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim IT, Choi JB. Normal range of exophthalmos values on orbit computerized tomography in Koreans. Ophthalmologica. 2001;215(3):156\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000050850.","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000329572","volume":"47","author":"S-P Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim S-P, et al. A study on orbital volume of Korean people in their 20s or 40s. Ophthalmic Res. 2012;47(2):98\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000329572.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"649_CR109","first-page":"1011","volume":"42","author":"TH Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim TH, Jun HS, Byun YJ. The normal value of adult Korean orbital volume in three-dimensional computerized tomography. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc. 2016;42(7):1011\u20135.","journal-title":"J Korean Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"12","key":"649_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-019-04500-1","volume":"257","author":"Y Kitaguchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kitaguchi Y, Takahashi Y, Kakizaki H. Computed tomography\u2013based prediction of exophthalmos reduction after deep lateral orbital wall decompression for graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2019;257(12):2759\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-019-04500-1.","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"649_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1949.tb07336.x","volume":"24","author":"K Knudtzon","year":"1949","unstructured":"Knudtzon K. On exophthalmometry; the result of 724 measurements with Hertel\u2019s exophthalmometer on normal adult individuals. Acta Psychiatr Neurol. 1949;24(3\u20134):523\u201337.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR112","first-page":"10","volume":"44","author":"KH Kook","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kook KH, Kim YK, Lee SY. Exophthalmometric values of Korean using Hertel and Naugle exophthalmometers. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc. 2016;44(1):10\u20135.","journal-title":"J Korean Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR113","first-page":"93","volume":"38","author":"S Korani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Korani S, et al. Measurement of ocular volume and associated factors by the use of MRI in Kermanshah, 2013. Res Med. 2014;38(2):93\u20137.","journal-title":"Res Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1076\/orbi.20.1.1.2647","volume":"20","author":"P Kumari Sodhi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kumari Sodhi P, Gupta VP, Pandey RM. Exophthalmometric values in a normal Indian population. Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2001;20(1):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1076\/orbi.20.1.1.2647.","journal-title":"Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"649_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2010.23.1-2.27","volume":"23","author":"S Kurtoglu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kurtoglu S, et al. Exophthalmometric References of 7\u201318 Year-old Children in Kayseri,\u00a0Turkey. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2010;23(1\u20132):27\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/JPEM.2010.23.1-2.27.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR116","first-page":"312","volume":"15","author":"YJ Kwak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kwak YJ. Normal range of exophthalmos in Korea. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc. 2016;15(4):312\u20135.","journal-title":"J Korean Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181b80c6a","volume":"26","author":"J Kwon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kwon J, Barrera JE, Most SP. Comparative computation of orbital volume from axial and coronal ct using three-dimensional image analysis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010;26(1):26\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181b80c6a.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.15605\/jafes.032.02.09","volume":"32","author":"AM Lat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lat AM, et al. Risk factors associated with the activity and severity of graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy among patients at the University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General Hospital. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc. 2017;32(2):151\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15605\/jafes.032.02.09.","journal-title":"J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2014.28.1.1","volume":"28","author":"KH Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee KH, et al. Graded decompression of orbital fat and wall in patients with graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2014;28(1):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3341\/kjo.2014.28.1.1.","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-014-9948-2","volume":"35","author":"EY Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li EY, et al. Fat-removal orbital decompression for disfiguring proptosis associated with Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy: safety, efficacy and predictability of outcomes. Int Ophthalmol. 2015;35(3):325\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-014-9948-2.","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"649_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2021.06.001","volume":"16","author":"J Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, et al. \u2018Rapid orbital lipolysis associated with critical illness and colectomy. Radiol Case Rep. 2021;16(9):2347\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radcr.2021.06.001.","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"649_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.902551","volume":"23","author":"Y Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li Y, et al. What is the main potential factor influencing ocular protrusion? Med Sci Monit Int Med J Exp Clin Res. 2017;23:57\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/MSM.902551.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit Int Med J Exp Clin Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.08.042","volume":"151","author":"S-L Liao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liao S-L, Huang S-W. Correlation of retrobulbar volume change with resected orbital fat volume and proptosis reduction after fatty decompression for Graves ophthalmopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;151(3):465-469.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.08.042.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"13","key":"649_CR124","first-page":"5342","volume":"50","author":"CC Lin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lin CC, et al. Ethnic differences in globe prominence. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50(13):5342.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.tjo_88_20","volume":"12","author":"UL Loh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Loh UL, Qamarruddin FA, Hussein A. The study of relationship between ocular biometry and exophthalmometry in adult Malay population of Kelantan. Malaysia Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2021;12(1):44\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/tjo.tjo_88_20.","journal-title":"Malaysia. Taiwan J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-19.2.137","volume":"19","author":"J Maddock","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maddock J. The relationship between obesity and the prevalence of fast food restaurants: State-level analysis. Am J Health Promot. 2004;19(2):137\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4278\/0890-1171-19.2.137.","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR127","first-page":"35","volume":"8","author":"S Majekodunmi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Majekodunmi S, Oluwole M. Exophthalmometry in Nigerians. West Afr J Med. 1989;8(1):35\u20137.","journal-title":"West Afr J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR128","first-page":"12","volume":"58","author":"A Majos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Majos A, et al. Assessment of intraorbital structure volume using a numerical segmentation image technique (NSI): the fatty tissue and the eyeball. Endokrynologia Polska. 2007;58(4):12.","journal-title":"Endokrynologia Polska"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2012.02.002","volume":"78","author":"MP Masters","year":"2012","unstructured":"Masters MP. Relative size of the eye and orbit: an evolutionary and craniofacial constraint model for examining the etiology and disparate incidence of juvenile-onset myopia in humans. Med Hypotheses. 2012;78(5):649\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2012.02.002.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.170.2.2911678","volume":"170","author":"W Mayo-Smith","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mayo-Smith W, et al. Body fat distribution measured with CT: correlations in healthy subjects, patients with anorexia nervosa, and patients with Cushing syndrome. Radiology. 1989;170(2):515\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.170.2.2911678.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001774","volume":"26","author":"MC Meazzini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meazzini MC, et al. Measurements of orbital protrusion from childhood to young adulthood. J Craniofacial Surg. 2015;26(3):760\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001774.","journal-title":"J Craniofacial Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.68.1.29","volume":"68","author":"G Meyer-Schwickerath","year":"1984","unstructured":"Meyer-Schwickerath G, Gerke E. Biometric studies of the eyeball and retinal detachment. Br J Ophthalmol. 1984;68(1):29\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.68.1.29.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(84)90127-2","volume":"98","author":"ME Migliori","year":"1984","unstructured":"Migliori ME, Gladstone GJ. Determination of the normal range of exophthalmometric values for black and white adults. Am J Ophthalmol. 1984;98(4):438\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9394(84)90127-2.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001450","volume":"36","author":"M Mimura","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mimura M, et al. Analysis of periorbital soft tissue in thyroid eye disease. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;36(1):30\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001450.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moon Y, et al. Positional change of the eyeball during eye movements: Evidence of translatory movement. Front Neurol.\u00a02020;11. Available at:\u00a0https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fneur.2020.556441. (Accessed: 22 Jun 2022).","key":"649_CR135","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.556441"},{"issue":"10","key":"649_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309998","volume":"101","author":"M Mottini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mottini M, et al. Stereographic measurement of orbital volume, a digital reproducible evaluation method. Br J Ophthalmol. 2017;101(10):1431\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309998.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830490504089","volume":"23","author":"MP Mourits","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mourits MP, et al. Reliability of exophthalmos measurement and the exophthalmometry value distribution in a healthy Dutch population and in Graves\u2019 patients.\u00a0An exploratory study. Orbit. 2004;23(3):161\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01676830490504089.","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"issue":"12","key":"649_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-304652","volume":"98","author":"M Nagra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nagra M, Gilmartin B, Logan NS. Estimation of ocular volume from axial length. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98(12):1697\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-304652.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"649_CR139","first-page":"1031","volume":"46","author":"T Nakayama","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nakayama T, Wakakura M, Ishikawa S. Exophthalmometric values in contemporary Japanese population. Jpn J Clin Ophthalmol. 1992;46(7):1031\u20135.","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR140","first-page":"47","volume":"25","author":"K Nath","year":"1977","unstructured":"Nath K, et al. Normal exophthalmometry. Indian J Ophthalmol. 1977;25(3):47.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"649_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-002-0498-3","volume":"240","author":"Y Nishida","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nishida Y, et al. Significance of orbital fatty tissue for exophthalmos in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2002;240(7):515\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-002-0498-3.","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90438-8","volume":"108","author":"P Nucci","year":"1989","unstructured":"Nucci P, et al. Normal exophthalmometric values in children. Am J Ophthalmol. 1989;108(5):582\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90438-8.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"649_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2274","volume":"29","author":"M Odeh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Odeh M, et al. Fetal eyeball volume: relationship to gestational age and biparietal diameter: Eyeball volume by 3D ultrasound. Prenat Diagn. 2009;29(8):749\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pd.2274.","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"},{"issue":"9","key":"649_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195408262510903","volume":"251","author":"B Offenbach","year":"1954","unstructured":"Offenbach B. Dislocation (Luxation) of the eyeball. New Engl J Med. 1954;251(9):338\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM195408262510903.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"unstructured":"Ogbeide UO. Sonographic assessment of the normal eyeball diameters and volume in an african population. Radiology [Preprint]. 2007.\u00a0https:\/\/dissertation.npmcn.edu.ng\/index.php\/FMCR\/article\/view\/2271. (Accessed: 28 Oct 2021).","key":"649_CR145"},{"issue":"S 05","key":"649_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1212187","volume":"107","author":"N Olivari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Olivari N. Thyroid-associated orbitopathy: Transpalpebral decompression by removal of intraorbital fat. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2009;107(S 05):S208\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0029-1212187.","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"649_CR147","first-page":"149","volume":"1","author":"R Oono","year":"1927","unstructured":"Oono R. Untersuchungen \u00fcber die orbita von Japanern. Jpn J Med Sci. 1927;1:149\u2013369.","journal-title":"Jpn J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3182831c49","volume":"29","author":"TH Osaki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Osaki TH, et al. Orbital development as a function of age in indigenous North American skeletons. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013;29(2):131\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3182831c49.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"649_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199508000-00004","volume":"72","author":"EP Osuobeni","year":"1995","unstructured":"Osuobeni EP, al-Harbi AA. Normal values of ocular protrusion in Saudi Arabian male children. Optom Vis Sci Official Publ Am Acad Optom. 1995;72(8):557\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006324-199508000-00004.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci Official Publ Am Acad Optom"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.5336\/medsci.2008-10056","volume":"30","author":"Y \u00d6zkan Arat","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u00d6zkan Arat Y, et al. Measurement of eyelid and orbital fat volume in different age groups by computed tomography. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2010;30(3):995\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5336\/medsci.2008-10056.","journal-title":"Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"649_CR151","first-page":"596","volume":"67","author":"TH P\u2019An","year":"1933","unstructured":"P\u2019An TH. Measurement of the Chinese Orbit. J Anat. 1933;67(Pt 4):596\u20138.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X11430829","volume":"32","author":"KI Papageorgiou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Papageorgiou KI, Mancini R, et al. A three-dimensional construct of the aging eyebrow: The illusion of volume loss. Aesthet Surg J. 2012;32(1):46\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1090820X11430829.","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1001\/archopthalmol.2011.1271","volume":"130","author":"KI Papageorgiou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Papageorgiou KI, Hwang CJ, et al. Thyroid-associated periorbitopathy: Eyebrow fat and soft tissue expansion in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 2012;130(3):319\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopthalmol.2011.1271.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/nci340","volume":"118","author":"S Park","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park S, et al. In vivo organ mass of Korean adults obtained from whole-body magnetic resonance data. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2006;118(3):275\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rpd\/nci340.","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosimetry"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3109\/03014460.2013.815272","volume":"40","author":"E Pearce","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pearce E, Bridge H. Is orbital volume associated with eyeball and visual cortex volume in humans? Ann Hum Biol. 2013;40(6):531\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/03014460.2013.815272.","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01480-7","volume":"36","author":"T de Pereira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pereira TDS, et al. A randomized comparative study of inferomedial vs. balanced orbital decompression. Analysis of changes in orbital volume, eyelid parameters, and eyeball position. Eye. 2022;36(3):547\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-021-01480-7.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petersen R. Racial and ethnic disparities in adult obesity in the United States: CDC\u2019s tracking to inform state and local action.\u00a0Prevent Chronic Dis.\u00a02019;16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5888\/pcd16.180579.","key":"649_CR157","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd16.180579"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.146.3.459","volume":"146","author":"R Peyster","year":"1986","unstructured":"Peyster R, et al. Exophthalmos caused by excessive fat: CT volumetric analysis and differential diagnosis. Am J Roentgenol. 1986;146(3):459\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.146.3.459.","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR159","first-page":"34","volume":"14","author":"VM Phillips","year":"1996","unstructured":"Phillips VM, Rosendorff S, Scholtz HJ. Identification of a suicide victim by facial reconstruction. J Forensic Odontostomatol. 1996;14(2):34\u20138.","journal-title":"J Forensic Odontostomatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000260","volume":"31","author":"MC Prat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Prat MC, et al. Orbital fat decompression for thyroid eye disease: Retrospective case review and criteria for optimal case selection. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;31(3):215\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000260.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199202000-00009","volume":"69","author":"JR Quant","year":"1992","unstructured":"Quant JR, Woo GC. Normal values of eye position in the Chinese population of Hong Kong. Optom Vis Sci. 1992;69(2):152\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006324-199202000-00009.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.dmfr.4600551","volume":"29","author":"G Ramieri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ramieri G, et al. Dimensions and volumes of the orbit and orbital fat in posttraumatic enophthalmos. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol. 2000;29(5):302\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.dmfr.4600551.","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rana K, et al.\u00a0Normative globe position values on orbital computed tomography in Australians.\u00a0Can J Ophthalmol.\u00a02022;S0008418222001685.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2022.05.004.","key":"649_CR163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2022.05.004"},{"issue":"12","key":"649_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.161372","volume":"95","author":"NI Regensburg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Regensburg NI, Wiersinga WM, van Velthoven MEJ, et al. Age and gender-specific reference values of orbital fat and muscle volumes in Caucasians. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95(12):1660\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.2009.161372.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.04.004","volume":"118","author":"NI Regensburg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Regensburg NI, Wiersinga WM, Berendschot TTJM, et al. Do subtypes of graves\u2019 orbitopathy exist? Ophthalmology. 2011;118(1):191\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.04.004.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/01.iop.0000203737.67334.d3","volume":"22","author":"P-YR Robert","year":"2006","unstructured":"Robert P-YR, et al. Decrease of intraocular pressure after fat-removal orbital decompression in graves disease. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;22(2):92\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.iop.0000203737.67334.d3.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.3.3.172","volume":"3","author":"AD Ruedemann","year":"1936","unstructured":"Ruedemann AD. Exophthalmos. Clevel Clin J Med. 1936;3(3):172\u201385.","journal-title":"Clevel Clin J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(54)91763-8","volume":"37","author":"AD Ruedemann","year":"1954","unstructured":"Ruedemann AD, Roberts NC, Seligson AR. Voluntary luxation of the globes: Report of a case. Am J Ophthalmol. 1954;37(3):351\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9394(54)91763-8.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"649_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364100802010073","volume":"2","author":"S Sagili","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sagili S, DeSousa J-L, Malhotra R. Intraocular pressure and refractive changes following orbital decompression with intraconal fat excision. Open Ophthalmol J. 2008;2:73\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874364100802010073.","journal-title":"Open Ophthalmol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR170","first-page":"5","volume":"90","author":"V Sarinnapakorn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sarinnapakorn V, Sridama V, Sunthornthepvarakul T. Proptosis in normal thai samples and thyroid patients. J Med Assoc Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet. 2007;90(4):5.","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1950.00910010631002","volume":"43","author":"RE Scammon","year":"1950","unstructured":"Scammon RE, Wilmer HA. Growth of the components of the human eyeball: ii. comparison of the calculated volumes of the eyes of the newborn and of adults, and their components. Arch Ophthalmol. 1950;43(4):620\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.1950.00910010631002.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0211817","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211817","volume":"14","author":"P Schmidt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schmidt P, et al. Association of anthropometric markers with globe position: A population-based MRI study. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(2):e0211817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0211817.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00607281","volume":"38","author":"B Schuknecht","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schuknecht B, et al. CT assessment of orbital volume in late post-traumatic enophthalmos. Neuroradiology. 1996;38(5):470\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00607281.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330260138","volume":"26","author":"AH Schultz","year":"1940","unstructured":"Schultz AH. The size of the orbit and of the eye in primates. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1940;26(1):389\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.1330260138.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Seedat A, Seedat S, Moosa SEI. Proptosis with increased orbital fat in an obese patient. Case Repn Radiol. 2020;e8832704.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/8832704.","key":"649_CR175","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8832704"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(02)01429-0","volume":"133","author":"M Segni","year":"2002","unstructured":"Segni M, et al. Comparability of proptosis measurements by different techniques. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;133(6):813\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9394(02)01429-0.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.3109\/08820538.2015.1131837","volume":"32","author":"K-J Shin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shin K-J, et al. Assessment of normal eyeball protrusion using computed tomographic imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction in Korean adults. Semin Ophthalmol. 2017;32(5):575\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/08820538.2015.1131837.","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0119589","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119589","volume":"10","author":"VB-H Shyu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shyu VB-H, et al. 3D-assisted quantitative assessment of orbital volume using an open-source software platform in a Taiwanese population. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(3):e0119589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0119589.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2010.11.022","volume":"111","author":"E Sicurezza","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sicurezza E, Palazzo G, Leonardi R. Three-dimensional computerized tomographic orbital volume and aperture width evaluation: a study in patients treated with rapid maxillary expansion. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontol. 2011;111(4):503\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tripleo.2010.11.022.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontol"},{"key":"649_CR180","first-page":"35","volume":"17","author":"F Siegmund","year":"2011","unstructured":"Siegmund F, Papageorgopoulou C. Body Mass and Body Mass Index estimation in medieval Switzerland. Bull Schweizerischen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Anthropologie. 2011;17:35\u201344.","journal-title":"Bull Schweizerischen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Anthropologie"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0856","volume":"47","author":"KD Singh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Singh KD, Logan NS, Gilmartin B. Three-Dimensional modeling of the human eye based on magnetic resonance imaging. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47(6):2272\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.05-0856.","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001601","volume":"26","author":"T Smektala","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smektala T, et al. Three-dimensional eyeball and orbit volume modification after lefort III midface distraction. J Craniofacial Surg. 2015;26(5):1652\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001601.","journal-title":"J Craniofacial Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1159\/000076885","volume":"36","author":"MH Smolders","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smolders MH, et al. Exophthalmos in obesity. Ophthalmic Res. 2004;36(2):78\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000076885.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330330207","volume":"33","author":"CC Snow","year":"1970","unstructured":"Snow CC, Gatliff BP, McWilliams KR. Reconstruction of facial features from the skull: An evaluation of its usefulness in forensic anthropology. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1970;33(2):221\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.1330330207.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR185","first-page":"64","volume":"60","author":"MH Soley","year":"1944","unstructured":"Soley MH. Exophthalmos in diseases of the thyroid. Calif West Medi. 1944;60(2):64\u20138.","journal-title":"Calif West Medi"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00209781","volume":"19","author":"B Stark","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stark B, Olivari N. Management of thyroid orbitopathy by removal of orbital fat: a long-term follow-up study. Eur J Plast Surg. 1996;19(1):1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00209781.","journal-title":"Eur J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2008.00718.x","volume":"53","author":"CN Stephan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stephan CN, Davidson PL. The placement of the human eyeball and canthi in craniofacial identification. J Forensic Sci. 2008;53(3):612\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2008.00718.x.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/002580249903900109","volume":"39","author":"MB Stoney","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stoney MB, Koelmeyer TD. Facial reconstruction: A case report and review of development of techniques. Med Sci Law. 1999;39(1):49\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002580249903900109.","journal-title":"Med Sci Law"},{"unstructured":"Subbulakshmi A. Morphometric study of the orbit in human dry skulls and high resolution computed tomographic scans. undefined [Preprint]. 2017. Available at: https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Morphometric-Study-of-the-Orbit-in-Human-Dry-Skulls-Subbulakshmi\/b6ac17e99937061aaedbb8f55b8bbddf44ebbee8. (Accessed: 4 Nov 2021).","key":"649_CR189"},{"key":"649_CR190","first-page":"76","volume":"266","author":"T Suzuki","year":"1973","unstructured":"Suzuki T. Reconstitution of a skull. Internl Crim Police Rev. 1973;266:76\u201380.","journal-title":"Internl Crim Police Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"JFS2004534","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS2004534","volume":"50","author":"LK Swan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Swan LK, Stephan CN. Estimating eyeball protrusion from body height, interpupillary distance, and inter-orbital distance in adults. J Forensic Sci. 2005;50(4):JFS2004534\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1520\/JFS2004534.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51611-0","volume":"9","author":"Y Tatewaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tatewaki Y, et al. Morphological prediction of glaucoma by quantitative analyses of ocular shape and volume using 3-dimensional T2-weighted MR images. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):15148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-51611-0.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s004170050370","volume":"238","author":"S Tian","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tian S, et al. MRI measurements of normal extraocular muscles and other orbital structures. Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2000;238(5):393\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004170050370.","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR194","first-page":"331","volume":"16","author":"M Tohidi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tohidi M, et al. Determination of normal values for eye protrusion in Bushehr port population. ISMJ. 2013;16(5):331\u20137.","journal-title":"ISMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31589-7","volume":"100","author":"S Trokel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Trokel S, Kazim M, Moore S. Orbital fat removal: Decompression for graves orbitopathy. Ophthalmology. 1993;100(5):674\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31589-7.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701925","volume":"20","author":"C-C Tsai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tsai C-C, et al. Exophthalmos of patients with Graves\u2019 disease in Chinese of Taiwan. Eye. 2006;20(5):569\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.eye.6701925.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ugradar S, Goldberg RA, Douglas RS. Changing the face of thyroid eye disease. Eye.\u00a02023;37(2):197-9.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-022-02186-0.","key":"649_CR197","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02186-0"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001929","volume":"83","author":"S Ugradar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ugradar S, Lambros V. Orbital volume increases with age: A computed tomography\u2013based volumetric study. Ann Plast Surg. 2019;83(6):693\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001929.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/01.IOP.0000056145.71641.F5","volume":"19","author":"M \u00dcnal","year":"2003","unstructured":"\u00dcnal M, et al. Balanced orbital decompression combined with fat removal in graves ophthalmopathy: Do we really need to remove the third wall? Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;19(2):112\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.IOP.0000056145.71641.F5.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"649_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.193898","volume":"7","author":"S Verma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Verma S, et al. A descriptive study of facial acanthosis nigricans and its association with body mass index, waist circumference and insulin resistance using HOMA2 IR. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2016;7:498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2229-5178.193898.","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"unstructured":"Wallace M.\u00a0Local public health performance and its impact on population health. Dissertation, Johns Hopkins University. 2017.","key":"649_CR201"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.11.5.8","volume":"11","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, et al. Robot-assisted orbital fat decompression surgery: First in human. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2022;11(5):8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/tvst.11.5.8.","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"issue":"7","key":"649_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2011.01.004","volume":"44","author":"AA Weaver","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weaver AA, et al. Biomechanical modeling of eye trauma for different orbit anthropometries. J Biomech. 2011;44(7):1296\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2011.01.004.","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5001008","volume":"28","author":"AC Weber","year":"2018","unstructured":"Weber AC, et al. Effect of mannitol on globe and orbital volumes in humans. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2018;28(2):163\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5301\/ejo.5001008.","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1159\/000477466","volume":"238","author":"B Wen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wen B, et al. Using high-resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging to quantitatively analyze the shape of eyeballs with high myopia and provide assistance for posterior scleral reinforcement. Ophthalmologica. 2017;238(3):154\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000477466.","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000266782","volume":"21","author":"WM Wiersinga","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wiersinga WM, et al. Clinical presentation of Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmic Res. 1989;21(2):73\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000266782.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1159\/000348246","volume":"2","author":"WM Wiersinga","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wiersinga WM, Regensburg NI, Mourits MP. Differential involvement of orbital fat and extraocular muscles in Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy. Eur Thyroid J. 2013;2(1):14\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000348246.","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.07.027","volume":"50","author":"R Willaert","year":"2021","unstructured":"Willaert R, et al. Semi-automatic magnetic resonance imaging based orbital fat volumetry: reliability and correlation with computed tomography. Int J Oral Maxillofacial Surg. 2021;50(3):416\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.07.027.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofacial Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2016.08.007","volume":"52","author":"YJ Woo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Woo YJ, Yoon JS. Changes in pupillary distance after fat versus bony orbital decompression in Graves\u2019 orbitopathy. Can J Ophthalmol. 2017;52(2):186\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2016.08.007.","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"unstructured":"World Health Organization. Life skills education school handbook: prevention of noncommunicable diseases: approaches for schools. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2020. Available at: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/331947. (Accessed: 28 Apr 2022).","key":"649_CR210"},{"unstructured":"World Health Organization. Report of the first meeting of the strategic and technical advisory group for noncommunicable diseases: virtual meeting, 27\u201328 October 2021. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2021. Available at: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/352097. (Accessed: 13 May 2022).","key":"649_CR211"},{"issue":"4","key":"649_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.11.020","volume":"145","author":"C-H Wu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wu C-H, Chang T-C, Liao S-L. Results and predictability of fat-removal orbital decompression for disfiguring graves exophthalmos in an asian patient population. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;145(4):755\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.11.020.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"649_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8526","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08526","volume":"5","author":"Dan Wu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wu Dan, et al. Normal values of Hertel exophthalmometry in a Chinese Han population from Shenyang. Northeast China Sci Rep. 2015;5:8526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep08526.","journal-title":"Northeast China. Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"649_CR214","first-page":"684","volume":"15","author":"M Xiao-Chun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xiao-Chun M, et al. Zhengchang chengnian ren yankuang zhifang tiji sui nianling bianhua de ci gongzhen chengxiang dingliang fenxi \u6b63\u5e38\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u773c\u7736\u8102\u80aa\u4f53\u79ef\u968f\u5e74\u9f84\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790. Chin J Optom Vis Sci. 2013;15(11):684\u20137.","journal-title":"Chin J Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.14725\/dcc.v4n3p21","volume":"4","author":"X Xin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xin X, et al. Study on normal ophthalmic tissues among ocular volume and extraocular muscles structure measurement by HR-MRI. Discuss Clin Cases. 2017;4(3):21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14725\/dcc.v4n3p21.","journal-title":"Discuss Clin Cases"},{"issue":"11","key":"649_CR216","first-page":"1007","volume":"44","author":"H-M Xu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Xu H-M, Zhou Y-X, Shi M-G. Exploration of three-dimensional biometric measurement of emmetropic adult eye-ball by using magnetic resonance imaging technology. [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chi J Ophthalmol. 2008;44(11):1007\u201310.","journal-title":"[Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chi J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2012.03.025","volume":"154","author":"G Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang G, et al. Digital evaluation of orbital development in chinese children with congenital microphthalmia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;154(3):601\u2013609.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2012.03.025.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ye F, et al. Orbital growth is associated with eyeball size: A study using CT-based three-dimensional techniques. Curr Eye Res. 2021;1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2021.1963784.","key":"649_CR218","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2021.1963784"},{"issue":"2","key":"649_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0816","volume":"47","author":"J Ye","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ye J, Kook KH, Lee SY. Evaluation of computer-based volume measurement and porous polyethylene channel implants in reconstruction of large orbital wall fractures. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47(2):509\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.05-0816.","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.052845","volume":"89","author":"C-C Yip","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yip C-C, et al. Lagophthalmos in enophthalmic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89(6):676\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.2004.052845.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"02","key":"649_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.13005\/bpj\/2178","volume":"14","author":"P Yuliawati","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yuliawati P, et al. Exophthalmometry value in normal and proptosis eye 0f reconstruction, oculoplastyand oncology patients in sanglah general hospital bali. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2021;14(02):749\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13005\/bpj\/2178.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacol J"},{"issue":"42","key":"649_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22685","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022685","volume":"99","author":"J Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou J, et al. Quantitative analysis with volume rendering of pathological myopic eyes by high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Medicine. 2020;99(42):e22685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000022685.","journal-title":"Medicine"}],"container-title":["Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00649-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00649-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00649-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T14:21:00Z","timestamp":1722608460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00649-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"references-count":222,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12024-023-00649-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-2891"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1556-2891"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 May 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 June 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The author did not need ethical approval because no human subjects were used, and only secondary data was utilized. The illustrations are based on artistic observations, anatomical knowledge, craniometric and exophthalmic data and do not reflect any particular identifiable individual. The author may or may not use the concepts in this research in future forensic or archaeological casework as applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical statements"}},{"value":"The author has no competing interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}]}}